Loading...
HomeMy WebLinkAboutIR 10252 INFORMAL REPORT TO CITY COUNCIL MEMBERS No. 10252 March26, 2019 To the Mayor and Members of the City Council Page 1 of 1 SUBJECT: SUBMISSION OF PENSION FUNDING RESTORATION PLAN TO STATE State Governmental Code 802.2015 requires that a Funding Soundness Restoration Plan be The funding soundness restoration plan formulated must be developed in accordance with the system's governing statute and be designed to achieve a contribution rate that will be sufficient to amortize the unfunded actuarial accrued liability within 40 years. We are required to report any updates toward improved actuarial soundness to the board every two years. Given the significant work over the past few months on the pension benefit, including the employee vote to increase contributions, the attached Funding Soundness Restoration Plan is being submitted to the State from the City of Fort Worth to meet the State requirement and memorialize the effort. If you have any questions, please contact Susan Alanis at 817.392.8180. David Cooke City Manager ISSUED BY THE CITY MANAGER FORT WORTH, TEXAS City of Fort Worth Pension Reform March 15, 2019 Page 1 City of Fort Worth Funding Soundness Restoration Plan Overview The City’s Pension Review Committee was formed in 2015(Appendix A)to wrestle with the challenge of the funding statusof the Employee Retirement Fund. Members of the committee included: Michael Glynn (Fire), Rick VanHouten (Police), Manny Ramirez (Police), Joelle Mevi (Fort Worth Employees’ Retirement Fund), Todd Cox (Fort Worth Employees’ Retirement Fund), Glenn Balog (General Employees), Marsha Anderson (Retirees), Laura Alexander (the City of Fort Worth financial advisor), and Mike Ward (citizen representative). The City’s Pension Review Committee examinedoptions to keep the pension more sustainable over the long term.Failure to solve this problem jeopardizes the City’s commitment to: Meet financial obligations to taxpayers; Ensure employees’ and retirees’ ability to rely on their pensions; and Recruit and retain top talent for the organization. Outline ofPlan Contents 1.Defining the Problem 2.What has happened since 2007? 3.Pension Review Committee 4.Recruitment and Retention and Benchmark Data 5.Strawman Proposal 6.Final AlternativesConsideredby the Committee 7.City Manager Recommendation to Council 8.Public Safety Recommendations 9.Revised City Manager Recommendation 10.Final Negotiated Plan 11.Election Results 12.Actuarial Analysis of Adopted Plan 1. Defining the Problem The City’s pension plan is a very complex problem, and it took decades to get to where it is today. The status of thepension plan, in simple terms, is this: if the plan continues on its current trajectory, and based on the plan’s current assumptions for the future(i.e., 7.75% investment rate of return), the plan will run out of money by 2050. Ifthe Fundusesmore conservative assumptions about the future, the Fundwill run out of money before 2050. 12019 Fort Worth Funding Soundness Restoration Plan v. 3 SA 3-11-2019 City of Fort Worth Pension Reform March 15, 2019 Page 2 Chart 1 Projected Funded Ratios: No Additional Changes 60% 55.6% 50.9% 50% 49.3% 40% 35.5% 35.4% 30% 31.0% 20% 10% 5.3% 0% 201620182020202220242026202820302032203420362038204020422044204620482050 “…if the plan continues in its current form, and based on the plan’scurrent assumptions for the future, the plan will run out of money by2050…” Whilethat is 30years or moreinto the future, it is a problem the Citymust solve today. Consider that the City’s credit rating has been downgraded twice in the past two years, both times due to the unfunded pension liability. The State of Texas Pension Review Board has put Fort Worth on notice, andit isrequired to submit a plan in 2018 outlining how it isgoing to correct this funding shortfall. In order to identify a target level for proposedreforms, the Committee agreed to use a slightly more conservative rate of return of 7.5%. This resulted in a funding gap equivalent to 10.5% of payroll that could be addressed with contribution increases by the employee or employer or benefit adjustments. The current state of the City of Fort Worth pension plan is not sustainable becausepresent and future pension benefitspaid out(i.e., liabilities)exceed themoney in the Fund, projected employee andCity contributions going into the Fund,andprojected investment returns on the Fund(i.e., assets). If the problem could be summarized in a math equation it would look like this: Money in the Fund+ future employee and Pension Benefits >employer contributions + future investment (current and future) returns of the Fund 22019 Fort Worth Funding Soundness Restoration Plan v. 3 SA 3-11-2019 City of Fort Worth Pension Reform March 15, 2019 Page 3 One role of the Committeewas to understand how the Citygot here. AppendixBprovides a 25- year history of the decisions that led to the current situation. Knowing thereason why the current plan is not sustainable is key to identifying options on how to fix this problem. The problem started in the early1990swhen times weregood, the pension plan was fully funded and the stock market and pension investments seemed tobe doing pretty well. In a nutshell, benefits grew, contribution rates were reduced, and the belief was that continued high investment returns would pay for it all. Compounding the issue,most benefit enhancements were made retroactivelyfor employees and retirees,meaning employees who had already retired under a previousagreement/understanding had their benefits increased after retirement. While predicting the future often makesone humble, it is done every day. Sometimes predictions are right andsometimes theyare wrong. And, whenthings are going well, it is always desirous to think that good times will go onforever. Leaders at the time had no idea that the dot.com bust was looming or that the great recession would occur less than ten years later in 2009, but the 8.5% investment rate of returnwas held as an assumption through 2010. The investment rate of return/discount rate assumptionis not the only reason thepension plan is not sustainable;but it, along with investment losses orearnings far below the 8.5% target, accounts for most ofthe unfunded liability.The Fort Worth Employees Retirement Plansystem was not the only pension system in the country to do some of these same things. During the same period, many pension systems enhanced benefits and Three main reasons raised the investment rateof return/discount rate. why previous efforts did not correct the The City has previously taken significant steps to addressthese funding issues: issues tomake the City of Fort Worth’s employee pension plan more financially sound. In fact, if the collective changes from the 1.Assumed rate of past had not been made, the City would currently be facing a investment return funding gap equivalent to 28.1% of payroll instead of 10.5% of was not achieved; payroll. 2.Plan assumptions were missed or 2. What Has Happened Since 2007? inaccurate; and 3.Growing cost of the In 2007, the City increased its contribution to the Fundby 5%of COLA pay. Then, again, in 2010, the City increased its contribution by another 4%of pay. This later increase was coupled with significant benefit changes to current and future employees that were highlighted by: Reducing the benefit multiplier for all future years by nearly 17% from 3% to 2.5%; Eliminating overtime wages from the future service years of the salary calculation; Eliminating the automatic survivor benefitafter retirement for all new employees; Offering a new COLA selection process that included options for a 2% simple COLA to replace a 0-4% compounded ad hocCOLAfor certain current retirees and employees Eliminating the COLA for all future new employees; and Basing the benefit calculation for future service years on employee’s average highest five years of pay instead of highest three. 32019 Fort Worth Funding Soundness Restoration Plan v. 3 SA 3-11-2019 City of Fort Worth Pension Reform March 15, 2019 Page 4 Note: See Appendix Cfor more detailed information regarding changes and when implementation for the different employee groupsoccurred. The nature of these changes wasto preserveallbenefitsthat had already been accrued by employeesor was being paid to retirees. In the case of the benefit multiplier, all years of service priorto the date of implementation continued to be calculated at 3% with all future years of service calculated at the new 2.5% levelwith the formula below: Average Salary x benefit multiplier x years of service= annual pension benefit To demonstrate how this calculation works, assume an employee’s average salary for their highest-paid three yearsis calculated to be $50,000. If that time were all under a 3% multiplier, their pension benefit would be: $50,000(high 3) x .03 x 25 = $37,500/year Under the new methodology, if the last five years of those 25 years of service were after the implementation of the reduced multiplier, then their pension benefit would be: $50,000(high 3)x .03 x 20 = $30,000 $48,000(high 5)x .025 x 5 = $6,000 or $36,000/year Again, no retiree was impacted by theformula changealthough they were allowed to participate in the COLA selection process.The net effect of all of the benefit changeswas a reduction of 8.6% as a percentage of payrollin the estimated cost of new benefits earned each year, after adjustment to the current investment return assumption, -nearly matching the contribution increases provided by the City in 2007 (5%) and 2010 (4%). In 2010 it was believed that these changeswould put the Fundon a path to sustainabilityifthe Fundachieved the assumed investment rate of return. Despite the increases in contributions and the decreases in benefits, in 2015it was reported by the Fund’s actuaries that the retirement Fund hadfallen into what is known as an “infinite”amortization. What that means is that the Fund’s current and future liabilities are greater than the current and future assets.Themain factorswhy this occurredare: First, the assumed rate of investment return (discount rate) was not achieved. Although, the Employee Retirement FundBoard reduced thediscount rate in 2012 to 8 percent and, again, in 2015 to 7.75percent, theaveragenetannual return for the last ten years was just overfourpercent. Second, the reductions in the discount rate to more realistically project future investment earningsactuallyincreased projectedliabilities. Finally, the transparent accounting and costs of the COLAcontinueto add significantly to the increase in unfunded liabilities. The changes to benefits were meant to provide more resources to stem the growing liabilities and allow more of the contributions to be applied toward the unfunded liabilities. While the changes 42019 Fort Worth Funding Soundness Restoration Plan v. 3 SA 3-11-2019 City of Fort Worth Pension Reform March 15, 2019 Page 5 didreduce the cost of future service by over 34 percentfor current employees, since the changes were done prospectively,past benefits and investment experience continuedto cause growth in the unfunded liabilityfrom the beginning of 2010 to the end of 2016. The unfunded liability went from $432 million to $1.571 billion(as of 12/31/2016).(SeeChart 2 for illustration) Chart 2 12/31/0912/31/2016 Contribution Policy 13% $1,800.00 $1,571 $1,600.00 Investment Experience 38% $1,400.00 $1,200.00 Other Experience -5% $1,000.00 Assumptions/Actuarial 25% $800.00 Millions $600.00 Benefit Changes 7% $432 $400.00 COLA Funding 22% $200.00 $0.00 -10%0%10%20%30%40%50% Unfunded Liability “…From the beginning of 2010 to the end of 2016, the growth inunfunded liability more than tripled from $432 million to$1.571billion…” 3. Pension Review Committee As mentioned previously, in August 2015, the City Manager established a Pension Review Committee with the expressed intention of “defining and assessing the long-term sustainability of the Fort Worth Employees’ Retirement Fund(ERF) and evaluating options to improve the current position of the retirement Fund,without directly or indirectly,requiring additional contributions from taxpayers/ratepayers.” The purpose of the Committee was to: Discuss and agree on how long-term sustainability will be defined; Evaluate the competitiveness of the City’s pension plan in the context of total compensation with the goal of maintaining competitive recruitment and retention; Evaluate the pension marketplace to include other Texas stand-alone plans and the Texas Municipal Retirement System; and Submit a report to the Mayor and City Council detailing the results of the evaluation and identifying options that the City Manager may recommend to the City Council to improve the condition of the retirement Fund. The Committee began meeting in November 2015 and adopted the following guiding principles: 52019 Fort Worth Funding Soundness Restoration Plan v. 3 SA 3-11-2019 City of Fort Worth Pension Reform March 15, 2019 Page 6 1.Reforms should be sustainable and structured to lessen the need for further interventions A.The City as plan sponsor and secondary obligor of the pension liability seeks to ensure that assumptions are set to reduce risk and budgetary volatility, increase sustainability and resiliency, and provide the best estimate of the future obligations of the plan. B.Proposed reforms should result in a sustainable system sufficient to: i.Meet current funding gap as determined by latest actuarial valuation of the Fund ii.Fundunfunded liabilities over 30 years on a closed basis beginning January 1, 2018 iii.Minimize the likelihood that additional changes will be required in the near future, in part by including a risk margin and allowing financial flexibility for the Fort Worth Employees’ Retirement Fund to consider reducing the investment return assumption and discount rate applied to future benefit payments to 7.5% 2.Costs should be shared equitably among the City and its employees: A.City taxpayers and the employees should both contribute to a framework that eliminates the current funding gap. B.The framework should also address benefit elements that have contributed toward the current unfunded liability. C.A funding mechanism should be established to share risk and automatically fund liability increases that occur after the framework is implemented, either due to future losses due to negative experience, delayed implementation, or the inability to successfully implement certain elements of the reform framework i.The mechanism should allocate contribution increases in the proportion of 60% employer/ 40% employee, which was the overall historical proportion when the plan was fully funded 3.Costs should be shared equitably among employees: A.Employee groups should contribute fairly based on the cost structure of their group B.Employees should contribute fairly based on the benefit structure of their service 4.Further reductions in benefits for future service shouldbe avoided at this time in order to maintain competitive compensation and secure retirement, but if recommendations are not implemented then this may be required. 5.Manage the risk of the plan and improve the overall financial condition on a go-forward basis 62019 Fort Worth Funding Soundness Restoration Plan v. 3 SA 3-11-2019 City of Fort Worth Pension Reform March 15, 2019 Page 7 Guiding Principles: “…Costs should be shared equitably among the City and its employees…shared equitably among employee …” The Committee wasled by the City Manager and primarilysupported by Human Resources staff andPFMGroup Consulting, LLC, and its affiliates and subcontractor Pension Trustee Advisors, LLC, whowere hired to provide actuarial services and help guide and advisethose discussions. The Committee spent a considerable amountof timeexploring:1)what happened in the past with the Fund;2)looking at what other cities, counties and stateshad done who were in similar situations; 3) separating different groups of employees (i.e., Police, Fire General Employees) into different plansand considering options that includedmovingall or part of employees toa defined contributionplan;and 4) considering joining Social Security ormoving to a different retirement system Responsibilities: (TMRS). Over seventy-five (75)specific changes and The Board makes decisions multitudes of combinations were considered to the related to investments, rate current plan. (Note: For a full review of changes that of return assumptions and were considered, see Appendix D) evaluate disability and disability claims and collect At this point it is important to know the statutory roles of contributions and payout the three entities that are involved in decisions benefits regarding the Employee’s Retirement Fund: The City controls level of benefits and employer contributions First, there is the Employees’Retirement Fund. Employees vote on The Employees’ Retirement Fundis governed increasing their by the Board of Trustees, consisting of 13 contributions members, six of whom are appointed by the Fort Worth City Council and seven of whom are elected by the membership.)Trustees have a fiduciary responsibility tomake decisions related to investmentsand asset allocation, employ a staff to administer the Fund,andset policies to address disability retirements. Most importantly for this discussion, however,is the Trustees responsibility to work with an actuary to setassumptions and recommend the monetary contributions needed from the city to meet these assumptions and fund benefits to members. Next is the Citythatcontrolsthe level of benefits that are provided to retirees and thelevel of employer contributions to the fund. Finally, employeeshave the right to decide whether their contributions can be increased. Therefore, any recommendation regarding increasing employee contributions will be subject of a majority vote of allemployeescoveredby the Employee Retirement Fund. In the course ofthe initial analysis and discussion some themes began to emerge. 72019 Fort Worth Funding Soundness Restoration Plan v. 3 SA 3-11-2019 City of Fort Worth Pension Reform March 15, 2019 Page 8 First, the annual funding gap represents10.5 percent of payroll. In other words, some Critical issues that need to combination of benefit cuts or contribution be addressed: Funding gap is 10.5 increases had to equal around $48,360,000/year. percent of payroll or $48.4 million/year Second, increasing contributions alone is not Increasing contributions adequateto make the Fund sustainable. alone will not make the Contributions do help, but they only increase the Fund sustainable amount of funds going in and do nothing to Current and growth of address the growth of liabilities.For example, liabilities must be one of the proposals from 2010 was to increase addressed employee contributions by 4.8 percent, but it was contingent upon not reducing the multiplier from 3 to 2.5 percent. If that had been done, unfunded liabilities would actually be higher than they are today. Third, not only the growth, but also the extent of the current liabilities had to be addressed. As previously stated (see Chart 3), the growth in liabilities for the eightyear period ending December 31, 2017more than tripledthe unfunded liabilities. When looking at the different categories of options, there is only onethat significantly impactsexisting liabilities, and that was the annual Cost of Living Adjustment(COLA) as the chart below explains. Chart 3 Reduce Existing Reduce Future Increases Strategy LiabilitiesLiabilitiesAssets Increase TaxpayerContributionsX Increase Employee ContributionX Increase Retirement Age XX Eligibility Eliminate Future Leave AccrualsX Changes to COLAX Fourth, in the Committee’s deliberations there were four items that,while their impact is small,were seen as “low-hanging fruit” –these included: i.Revising the interest rate for Fund withdrawal–the Fund paid a fixed 5.25 percent interest, compounded biweekly on withdrawalby employees who were vested but eligible to retire. This interest rate and compounding was far above the prevailing rate and Council approved a change in the benefit on 10/24/2017 that pays a rate based on a 5-year US Treasury Note and is compounded annually.(adopted) 82019 Fort Worth Funding Soundness Restoration Plan v. 3 SA 3-11-2019 City of Fort Worth Pension Reform March 15, 2019 Page 9 ii.Suspending the Fund’s DROP Annuity Option–This benefit allowed individuals to use the funds that they accumulated in their Deferred Retirement Option Plan to be paid out as an annuity based on the Fund’s assume rate of return –7.75 percent. That rate of return was seen as not reflective of prevailing rates and management woulddiscuss withCouncil eliminatingthisDROP payment option. (future consideration) iii.Eliminate Service Purchaseof all forms(future consideration) iv.Eliminate Sick Leave/Major Medical Service Credit–Currently employees may use any excess sick leave (Police and Fire Sworn Personnel) or Major Medical Leave (General Employees) to be applied as service credit and increase the amount of benefit that paid as a part of their retirement benefit. No contributions from the City or the employee are ever paid on this credit and it, therefore, adds to unfunded liabilities. Estimates of how much this is adding to the amortization period areas high as 13.5 years. The service credit is being eliminated on a prospective basis (going forward) as a part of the City Manager’s final recommendation.(adopted) Fifth, the Fundneeds to move from an open 30-year amortization periodmethodology to a more conservative and common closed 30-year methodology.Aclosed amortization period means the Fundhas aspecific number of years tobecome fully funded and, therefore, the debt or unfunded liabilities declines to zero with the passage of time; much like a mortgage on a home. In contrast an open amortization period never funds the unfunded liabilities and ismuch like refinancing your 30-year mortgage each year and starting over. 4. Recruitment and Retention and Benchmark Data In addition to examining various alternatives,the committee looked atretention and benchmark data.Retention data suggested (See Chart 4) that the issues with the pension Fundwere not affecting the City’s ability to attract and retain General Employees or Fire and Police sworn personnel. Chart 4 Three Total 2015Total 2016Total 2017 Job FamilyYear SeparationsSeparationsSeparations Average #%#%#%% Fire Sworn/Civil Service40.4%20.2%40.5%0.4% Police Sworn/Civil Service90.6%151.0%80.5%0.7% General Employees2967.9%2887.42%3638.9%8.1% Grand Total3095.0%3054.8%3755.7%5.2% 92019 Fort Worth Funding Soundness Restoration Plan v. 3 SA 3-11-2019 City of Fort Worth Pension Reform March 15, 2019 Page 10 Otherbenchmark data that was reviewed (See Appendix E)included comparisons with other cities and city and employee contributions. 5. Strawman Proposal Consideringallofthe above,the City Manager proposed his initial recommendation to the Pension Review Committee, on Nov. 21, 2017that he referred to as the Strawman Proposal. The proposal wasbuilt around the principles described aboveand addressed the 10.5% of pay funding gapto put the Fund on a path to return to a fully-fundedplan within30-years.The proposalwas fully discussed and debated by the Committee. This scenario includedthe following strategies: Cityand employee contribution increases Employees who have Blue Service (the service before the most recent benefit changes were made) have an additional increase in contributions for as many years as they had Blue Service. (For example, someone with five years of Blue Service would pay an additional contributionfor five years, or until they separate from the City, whichever occurs first.) Future fixed and ad hoc COLAs suspended for active and retired members. The suspension would stay in place until the pension Fundachieves sustainability metricsand the COLA structure was replaced, which we are still evaluating. Future accruals of major medical and excess sick leave are eliminated servicecreditfor retirement calculation purposes. Police employees pay a premiumcontribution to reflect the current value/cost of the 25-year and out provision. Chart 5 Strawman Proposal Employees’ Retirement Fundof the City of Fort Worth Proposed Plans Employee +/-10.5% of InitiativeCategoryInitiative GroupPay Deficit Employee 1AllIncrease of 1% of Pay-0.8% Contributions Employee Increase of 0.5% Blue 2General-0.2% ContributionsService Employees Police Employee Increase of 2% Blue 3-0.9% and FireContributionsService Employees City 4AllIncrease of 2.0%-2.0% Contributions 10 2019 Fort Worth Funding Soundness Restoration Plan v. 3 SA 3-11-2019 City of Fort Worth Pension Reform March 15, 2019 Page 11 Suspend future COLAs for 5AllCOLAall active and retired -6.1% employees Leave Eliminate future accruals of 6All-0.3% Accrualleave toward service/FAC Increase employee Retirement contributions to reflect 7Police-0.2% Eligibilitycurrent value of 25 and out provision Total----10.5% 6. Final AlternativesConsideredby the Committee The Strawman proposal was communicated to Council and employees and was intended to generate discussion among andbetween employees and their representatives on the Pension Review Committee and among the Pension Review Committee members.Subsequently, the Committee generated additional ideas and evaluated manyoptions and combinations of strategies to see if there was a consensus on the best proposal that most could support. As a result, the committee and the consultants evaluated multiple variations(depicted in Appendix D)to include: Various COLA options, including leaving intacta partial COLA for all retirees and employees with Blue Servicewho retire after a career with the City—25 years of service or more.The threshold of benefit was established at 125 percent of the poverty rate or, currently, $20,300 and would be indexed so that if the poverty rate rose, then more could receive a COLA. Blending the contribution increase for blue and orange service for Police and Fire. Adjusting the City’s contribution increase from 2% to 3% of payroll. Adding a minimum retirement age change for General and Fire employees and charging Police Officers appropriately for their 25-and-out retirement eligibility. Employee contribution increases at a variety of levels. Suffice it to say, the Committee asked manyquestions and evaluated a vast number of options to see if there is a combination of strategies that all or most could support. 7. City Manager Recommendation to Council On August 7, 2018 after years of analysis and deliberations with representatives of the Pension Review Committee, the City Manager shared what was hoped to be the final three scenarios under consideration to the Mayor and Council as outlined below. 11 2019 Fort Worth Funding Soundness Restoration Plan v. 3 SA 3-11-2019 City of Fort Worth Pension Reform March 15, 2019 Page 12 Chart 6 O P Increase T City Increase IChanges to Benefits/Eligibility ContributionEmployee Contributions O s N S 13.0%5.2%2.3% •4.0% -2% COLA on $20,300 •General: 1.0% + for employees with 25 years of .5% (Blue Service) service•Police/Fire: 2.8% •.2% -one-year delay in COLA •Police 25 & out: 1.5% for active employees •.3% –eliminate future accruals •.7% -minimum retirement age (55) for Fire and Generals 23.0%4.0%3.5% •3.0% -2% COLA for retirees •General: 1.2% + only.7% (Blue Service) •.3% -eliminate future accruals•Police & Fire: 4.8% •.7% -minimum retirement age •Police 25 & out: 1.5% (55) for Fire & General 33.0%7.1%0.4% •6.1% -Eliminate COLA•General: 0.0% •.3% -eliminate future accruals•Fire: 0.0% •.7% -minimum retirement age •Police 25 & out: 1.5% (55) for Fire & General The first scenario shown above (Option 1) was recommended by the City Manager since it is most consistent with the underlying guiding principles. It maintained a COLA on the first $20,300 to provide some inflation protection, particularly for those with a relatively small pension. In addition, it representedthe most reasonable employee contribution increases as outlined below. 12 2019 Fort Worth Funding Soundness Restoration Plan v. 3 SA 3-11-2019 City of Fort Worth Pension Reform March 15, 2019 Page 13 Chart 7 CurrentRecommendation General/ PoliceGeneralFirePolice Fire City Contributions19.74%20.46%22.74%22.74%23.46% Employee Contributions 8.25%8.73%9.25 –9.75%11.05%13.03% Total27.99%29.19%31.99 –32.74%33.79%36.49% Increase in Contributions 4.00 –4.5%5.80%7.30% In addition to the above, the City Manager recommendedthat certain automatic funding adjustments be placedon the plan if the above measures do not meet the funding requirementsin the future. Those include: If the combined level of the City and employee contributions, following a successful employee vote and City Council adoption of other required reforms, is less than theActuarially Determined Contributions (contribution amounts determined by the Fund’s actuarythat meet the closed 30-year funding objective)for two consecutive years according to the actuarial valuation, the total contribution can be increased by City Council as needed up to 2% of pay in one year,or 4% of pay over multiple years–in a 60%/40% proportion (City/employee). Depending upon the final COLA changes, an automatic COLA adjustment could also be included in this initial stage of automatic adjustment. If the maximum contribution has been applied, and the following actuarialvaluation report indicates the actual contribution is still insufficient, the City Council must consider additional benefit reductions(including elimination of all COLAs), as advised by the FWERF Board and the plan actuary.Following the current deliberations of the COLA structure, if it remains intact for certain members of the Fund, it may be the first consideration for reduction prior to additional contribution increases from the City or the members. 8.Public Safety Recommendations The sticking point continued to be the concern about eliminating a significant portion of the COLA, particularly for existing employees who would not have the choice to work longer as a trade-off. The public safety associations, therefore, presented recommendationsin October (Chart 8) and November2018(Chart 9) that increased the City contribution and attempted to preserve the COLA for certain groups. 13 2019 Fort Worth Funding Soundness Restoration Plan v. 3 SA 3-11-2019 City of Fort Worth Pension Reform March 15, 2019 Page 14 Chart 8 FWPOA October Proposal (10.1% Solution) Increased City 4.5% Contribution Changes to 2.5% Benefits/ Eliminate COLA for future service Eligibility Eliminate service credit for future accruals of major medical and sick leave Establish minimum retirement age (55) for future service of Fire Establish minimum retirement age (62) for future service of General Increase DROP maximum period to 8 years Increased 3.1% Employee General: 1% + 2%(Blue Service) Contributions Fire: 4.5% Police: 4.1% + .9% (25 and out) Chart 9 FWPOA November 26 Proposal (10.1%) Increased City 4.5% Contribution Changes to 3.1% Benefits/Eligibility Preserve 2% COLA for members who retire or enter DROP within one year Modify current 2% simple COLA for active members not yet retired or in DROP (within one year) to a variable benefit based on Fund performance Eliminate COLA for future service Eliminate service credit for future accruals of major medical and sick leave Increased 2.5% Employee General: 1.1% + .07% (Blue Service) Contributions Fire: 3.8% Police: 3.8% + .6%(25 and out) 9.Revised City Manager Recommendation After additional deliberation with the elected officials as well as the public safety associations, the City Manager presented a revised proposal that increased the City’s contribution increase from 3% to 4.5%in exchange for support of a 1% COLA for existing retirees and past service of active employees who were eligible. In addition, the revision required acceptance that the solution was less than the 10.5% target solution. 14 2019 Fort Worth Funding Soundness Restoration Plan v. 3 SA 3-11-2019 City of Fort Worth Pension Reform March 15, 2019 Page 15 Chart 10 City Manager’s Compromise Proposal (10.2%) Increased City 4.5% Contribution Changes to 3.1% Benefits/ Eligibility•Replace 2% simple and Ad Hoc COLAs with 1% simple COLA •Current retirees onlywith at least 25 YOS retain 2% COLA on first $30,000 of benefit •Eliminate COLA for future service •Eliminate service credit for future accruals of major medical and sick leave •Establish minimum retirement age (55) for future service of Fire and General employees Increased Employee 2.6% Contributions •General:1.1% + 0.7% (Blue Service) •Fire: 3.8% •Police: 3.8% + 0.9% (25 and out) •Commence employee contribution increases May 1, 2019 and phase in over two years for Fire and three years for Police 10.Final Negotiated PlanOn December 4,2018,the proposal was tabled for additional conversations with the public safety associations. A compromise was reached to: Eliminate COLA for all future service (for those currently eligible) for service on or after July 20, 2019. Maintain the existing COLA for all retirees who were eligible and all eligible active employees who retire or enter the DROP by January 1, 2021. Adoption of a variable COLA for eligible employees who continue to work for the City and have notentered DROP by January 1, 2021, for those who are eligiblewith the following criteria. o No COLA unless actuarial valuation results more favorable than target to meet the annually required contribution based on specific criteria th o Council may select lifetime COLA or13check if: o Actuarially Determined Contribution (ADC) equal to or less than fixed contributions for last 3 years o Same based on market value of assets o Full cost of benefit is funded 15 2019 Fort Worth Funding Soundness Restoration Plan v. 3 SA 3-11-2019 City of Fort Worth Pension Reform March 15, 2019 Page 16 o No COLA if auto risk-sharing contribution increases have been triggered and are still in effect or if discount rate is outside of average reported by similar funds. o Increase in any single year may not exceed 4% increase of base pension Current projections indicate that this will never be triggered since theFund returns would need to consistently be 9-10% fora COLA to be triggered. Eliminate service credit for unused major medical or sick leave accrued after July 20, 2019. The final contribution increases that were approved is outlined below. The table also depicts the inclusion of the Risk Sharing Mechanism that was originally proposed by the City Manager and is expected to be triggered in 2022 and 2023. In addition, all employees would begin paying contributions on all overtime, regardless of the employees’eligibility for inclusion of overtime in Blue Service calculation. Chart 11 Current7/20/201920202021Risk Risk Trigger Trigger 20222023 (probable)(probable) General 8.25%9.35% 10.15% (increase (.8% -max by 1.1% for for Group II 10.95% Group II General (.8% -max General Members) for 10.85% Members) Group II 10.05% (.8% -max General (increase for Group I Members) by 1.1% + 11.65% General .7% for (.8% -max Members) years of for blue Group I service General Group I Members) General Members) Police8.73%10.53% 12.53% 13.13% 13.93% 14.73% (+1.8%)(+2%)(+.6%)max (.8%)max (.8%) Fire8.25%10.05% 12.05% 12.85% 13.65% (+1.8%)(+2%)max (.8%)max (.8%) Tax 19.74% 26.64% 24.24% 25.44% Payers (General (Gen. & (General & (Gen. & Fire) Fire) (City)and Fire) Fire) 24.96% 26.16% 20.46% 27.36% (Police)(Police) (Police)(Police) 16 2019 Fort Worth Funding Soundness Restoration Plan v. 3 SA 3-11-2019 City of Fort Worth Pension Reform March 15, 2019 Page 17 11. Election Results (Appendix F Educational Material) thnd The employee vote took place from February 4-22, 2019. The employees voted in favor of the proposed solution. A total of 74.47% of the city’s 6,589 employees voted, thereby achieving the “50-percent-plus-one” requirement for the vote to pass. Of those, 59.49%, or 3,920 employees, voted for the final negotiatedplan. Actuarial Analysis of Adopted Plan 12. The consulting actuary, GRS Retirement Consulting, analyzed the results(Appendix G)and multiple discount rates as outlined below. Following the implementation of the risk sharing contribution in creates in 2022 and 2023, the trend is expected to move downward, even at a discount rate of 7%. As stated in the Summary section of the letter, the unfunded liability “is projected to be eliminated in 2050 based on an investment return assumption of 7.50%”. Chart 12 17 2019 Fort Worth Funding Soundness Restoration Plan v. 3 SA 3-11-2019 City of Fort Worth Pension Reform Pension Review Taskforce August 7, 2018 APPENDIX A City of Fort Worth Pension Reform Pension Review Taskforce August 7, 2018 APPENDIX A APPENDIX B Fort Worth Employees' Retirement Fund Historical Data Timeline Updated 6-14-2016 19901991199219931994199519961997199819992000 Contributions (General & Fire) City Contribution8.50%60%9.06%57%9.62%58%10.18%59%10.74%57% Employee Contribution5.67%40%6.95%43%6.95%42%6.95%41%8.25%43% Total Contribution14.17%16.01%16.57%17.13%18.99% Contributions (Police) City Contribution9.22%60%9.78%57%10.34%58%10.90%59%11.46%57% Employee Contribution6.15%40%7.43%43%7.43%42%7.43%41%8.73%43% Total Contribution15.37%17.21%17.77%18.33%20.19% (25 and out) 2.5% 2.7%3.0% Multiplier (from 2.0%) 2% Guaranteed COLA Ad Hoc COLA's in AAL? High 3 (from 5) Other Changes Investment Returns Projected (Discount Rate)8.25%8.25%8.25%8.25%8.25%8.25%8.25%8.50%8.50%8.50%8.50%8.50% Inflation Assumption in Valuation2.00%2.00%2.00%2.00%2.00%2.00%2.00%2.00%4.00%4.00%4.00%4.00% Actuarial ROR - Prior Year0.00%0.00%10.51%9.34%8.90%7.20%10.41%14.09%16.41%13.36%14.32%13.83% Market ROR - Prior Year21.47%-1.19%22.87%1.01%0.63%-0.96%2.00%4.01%6.92%4.36%5.16%19.34% Tax Rate 0.89890.92710.950.97350.96350.950.920.89750.885 Actuarial Valuation, As of Date1/1/19901/1/19911/1/19921/1/19931/1/19941/1/19951/1/199610/1/199610/1/199710/1/199810/1/199910/1/2000 1 Actuarial Value of Assets$481,429,000$520,857,014$564,918,131$605,750,127$668,309,792$696,851,932$749,650,005$814,705,054$928,907,772$1,032,917,492$1,159,782,877$1,299,806,370$1,356,334,391 4 AAL$516,121,000$536,525,000$ 566,911,000 $ 596,310,083 $ 710,065,860 $ 729,026,482 $ 789,026,942 $ 900,960,314 $1,008,666,943$1,115,403,141$1,217,448,830$ 1,351,526,847 $ 1 UAAL $34,693,000$15,668,000$1,992,869-$9,440,044$41,756,068$32,174,550$39,376,937$86,255,260$79,759,171$82,485,649$57,665,953$51,720,477 1 % Funded 93.28%97.08%99.65%101.58%94.12%95.59%95.01%90.43%92.09%92.60%95.26%96.17% Amortization Period 116103337392735282017 2 City ARC - $ $15,584,809$11,300,444$12,108,670$11,585,964$12,134,932$13,160,033$14,775,058$14,775,058$16,665,890$18,758,244$21,387,714$24,605,002 2 Actual Employer Contribution - $ $15,486,000$11,275,000$11,771,000$11,874,000$12,073,000$12,770,000$13,160,033$15,067,000$16,670,000$18,758,000$21,385,000$24,605,000 % of ARC Paid 99.4%99.8%97.2%102.5%99.5%97.0%89.1%102.0%100.0%100.0%100.0%100.0% 1 Covered Payroll $132,755,000$124,015,000$127,711,474$126,003,810$130,054,676$134,981,922$151,973,233$163,812,604$182,525,341$192,692,957$205,301,000$227,938,193 City Contribution as % of Covered Payroll 11.67%9.09%9.22%9.42%9.28%9.46%8.66%9.20%9.13%9.73%10.42%10.79% City Contribution as % of Operating 4.08%2.95%0.00%3.24%3.43%3.57%3.89% 2.99%3.08%2.86%2.90%4.23% Revenue UAAL as % of Operating Revenue (like 9%-2%0%19%16%16%10% 4%1%10%7%9% Moodys) All Fund (Operating Revenue)$379,366,000$377,188,000$382,035,000$402,956,000$422,437,000$440,929,000$465,523,000$486,323,000$524,873,000$549,633,000$581,099,000 1 Obtained from Exhibit III, Schedule of Funding Progress, Actuarial Valuation as of Dec. 31, 2014, for years 2007-2015 2 Obtained from Exhibit II, History of Employer Contributions, Actuarial Valuation as of Dec. 31, 2014, for years 2007-2014 3 Obtained from CAFR, figures are based on Fiscal Year End dates of 09/30 4 For years 1990-1991, obtained from Table 1 of respective actuarial; For years 1992-2014, otained from Executive Summary page City of Fort Worth Funding Soundness Restoration Plan - APPENDIX B City of Fort Worth Pension Review Taskforce August 7, 2018 APPENDIX C (2011 2015 Changes by Employee Group) Police General hired on or Employees Police hired prior to Jan. 1, General Employees hired after Jan. hired on or 2013 / Fire hired prior to prior to Sep. 1, 2011 1, 2013 Fire after Sep. 1, Jan. 10, 2015 hired on or 2011 after Jan. Prior Subsequent Prior Subsequent Service Service Service Service Salary High 3 High 5 High 5 High 3 High 5 High 5 Multiplier 3% 2.50% 2.50% 3% 2.50% 2.50% Overtime Included Excluded Excluded Included Excluded Excluded Survivor Actuarially- Actuarially- 75% 75% Minimum N/A 55 N/A N/A Retirement 2% 2% guaranteed 2% guaranteed 2% COLA simple, or ad guaranteed 0% simple, or ad guaranteed 0% hoc (0-4%) simple hoc (0-4%) simple compounded compounded City of Fort Worth Pension Review Taskforce August 7, 2018 APPENDIX D Employees’RetirementFundoftheCityofFortWorth Proposed Plans toEliminateFundingGapof 10.5%of Pay AllProposals:August2018 Employee +/-10.5% of InitiativeCategoryInitiative GroupPay Deficit Funding 1GeneralEmployee Contributions Increase of 1% of Pay-0.4% 2PoliceEmployee ContributionsIncrease of 4% of Pay-1.2% 3FireEmployee ContributionsIncrease of 1% of Pay-0.8% 4AllEmployee ContributionsIncrease of 1.2% of Pay-1.0% Increase of 1% of pay for period 5GeneralEmployee Contributions-0.3% equal to Blue Service 6AllEmployee ContributionsIncrease of 1.2% of Pay-1.0% 7AllEmployee ContributionsIncrease of 4% of Pay-3.2% Increase of 0.7% for General 8AllEmployee Contributionsand2.5% for Police and Fire -1.1% Blue Service Employees Increase of 0.5% for General 9GeneralEmployee Contributions-0.1% Blue Service Employees Increase of 1% for General Blue 10GeneralEmployee Contributions-0.2% Service Employees Increase employee contribution 11PoliceEmployeeContributionsof 0.6% of pay to reflect value of -0.2% 25 years and out provision 5% of Pay Additional Police and 12Police and FireEmployee Contributions-2.3% Fire Contribution 1.2% of Pay Additional General 13GeneralEmployee Contributions-0.5% Contribution Additional Police contribution of 14PoliceEmployee Contributions0.9% of pay in lieu of retirement -0.3% age change 15GeneralCity ContributionsIncrease of 1% of Pay-0.5% 16PoliceCity ContributionsIncrease of 1% of Pay-0.3% 17FireCity ContributionsIncrease of 1% of Pay-0.2% 18AllCity ContributionsIncrease of 1% of Pay-1.0% 19AllCity ContributionsIncrease of 2.7%-2.7% 20AllCity ContributionsIncrease of 4.0%-4.0% 21AllCity ContributionsIncrease of 0.3% of Pay-0.3% Additional 2% of pay Police and 22CityCity Contributions-0.9% Fire Contributions Annual funding source in addition to City and employee 23AllAlternate Funding Source-8.2% contributions equal to $36M in 2017 City of Fort Worth Pension Review Taskforce August 7, 2018 Employee +/-10.5% of InitiativeCategoryInitiative GroupPay Deficit Benefits Suspend future Fixed and Ad 24AllCOLAHoc COLAs for all active and -6.1% retired members Reduce future Fixed COLAs for 25AllCOLAall active and retired members -2.7% by 50% Suspend Fixed COLA for Five 26AllCOLA-1.5% Years Eliminate Fixed COLA for future 27AllCOLAOrange Service for Tier I -1.0% Members Suspend COLA for any Retiree who received a formula increase 28AllCOLAafter retirement until COLA plus Minimal original benefit exceeds current benefit Replace Fixed and Ad Hoc COLAs with a new variable 29AllCOLACOLA equal to amount that can -6.1% be funded in full while meeting ARC 30AllCOLALimit COLA to CPI-0.5% Eliminate 1.0% future service 31AllCOLA-0.5% COLAs No COLA paid for 1 year for current retirees; COLA begins 32AllCOLA-0.3% one year later for active employees Suspend future COLAs except for retirees with a benefit less than 185% of Federal Poverty 33AllCOLA-5.7% Level (FPL) for a family of 2 ($30,044 in 2017) and with 25 YOS, plus all disability retirees Provide future COLAs up to the amount of the FPL for 2 34AllCOLA($16,240 for 2017) for retirees -4.6% with 25 YOS, plus all disability retirees Suspend COLAs for 5 years for all retirees and for first 5 years 35AllCOLA-2.4% after retirement for active employees Suspend COLAs for 10 years for all retirees and for first 10 years 36AllCOLA-4.0% after retirement for active employees Suspend COLAs for 15 years for all retirees and for first 15 years 37AllCOLA-4.7% after retirement for active employees Suspend COLAs for 20 years for all retirees and for first 20 years 38AllCOLA-5.3% after retirement for active employees Capped COLA on up to $20,300 39AllCOLA-4.0% of benefit (125% of FPL) Suspend future COLAs for 40AllCOLA-3.2% members not yet retired No COLA paid for 3 years for 41AllCOLAcurrent retirees; COLA begins 3 1.0% years later for active employees City of Fort Worth Pension Review Taskforce August 7, 2018 Employee +/-10.5% of InitiativeCategoryInitiative GroupPay Deficit (assumes COLA reduced by 50%) With 25 years of service requirement: Capped COLA on 42AllCOLA-4.00% up to $20,400 of benefit (incorporating ad hoc COLA)* With 20 years of service requirement: Capped COLA on 43AllCOLA-2.5% up to $45,800 of benefit (incorporating ad hoc COLA)* With 20 years of service requirement: Capped COLA on upto $20,400 of benefit 44AllCOLA-3.4% (prorated based on service less than 25) (incorporating ad hoc COLA)* With 20 years of service requirement: Capped COLA on up to $45,800 of benefit 45AllCOLA-1.9% (prorated based on service less than 25) (incorporating ad hoc COLA)* 2% COLA for retirees; 1% COLA for active employees, and 46AllCOLA-1.8% eliminate of future service COLA (incorporating ad hoc COLA)* Reduce future Fixed COLAs for all active and retired members 47AllCOLA-2.8% by 50% (incorporating ad hoc COLA)* Reduce future Fixed COLAs for 48AllCOLAall active employees -3.0% (incorporating ad hoc COLA)* Suspend COLAs for 5 years for all retirees and for first 5 years 49AllCOLAafter retirement for active -2.2% employees (incorporating ad hoc COLA)* Suspend COLAs for 5 years for all retirees and for first 5 years 50AllCOLAafter retirement for active -3.6% employees (incorporating ad hoc COLA)* Reduce COLAs to 1.5%, eliminate future service COLAs, 51AllCOLAand capped COLA on up to -2.3% $45,800 of benefit (incorporating ad hoc COLA)* Freeze Tier I benefits based on current pay and provide a 52AllBenefit Formula-6.2% minimum benefit of the Tier II benefit on all service Freeze all accrued defined benefits and provide a future 53AllBenefit Formulabenefit that does not cost more -8.2% than the current City Normal Cost of 4.3% of pay Reduce future benefit formula by 54AllBenefit Formula-1.0% 10% Base future benefits on career 55AllBenefit Formula-2.0% average pay City of Fort Worth Pension Review Taskforce August 7, 2018 Employee +/-10.5% of InitiativeCategoryInitiative GroupPay Deficit Eliminate overtime, wellness pay, vacation sell back from FAC for Tier I Blue Service, Eligible Compensation-Credited wellness pay and vacation sell 56All-3.1% Service back from Tier I Orange Service, and sick leave conversions from service Eliminate future accruals of Eligible Compensation-Credited 57Allmajor medical and excess sick -0.3% Service toward service/FAC Increase minimum retirement age for unreduced benefit to 60 58AllRetirement Age-4.0% for General and 55 for Police/Fire Increase retirement age to 60 for General and 55 for Fire Only 59General and FireRetirement Age-3.6% with higher Police contributions (1.8% of pay full value) Add Minimum Retirement Age 55-Fire (figure assumes < 15 60FireRetirement Eligibility-0.5% YOS; age and grandfathering may vary) Add Minimum Retirement Age 61GeneralRetirement Eligibility-0.9% 60-General Add Minimum Retirement Age 55-General (figure assumes < 62GeneralRetirement Eligibility-0.2% 15 YOS; age and grandfathering may vary) Increase retirement age to 55 for 63AllRetirement EligibilityPolice/Fire and 60 for General -4.0% for all Increase retirement age to 55 for Police/Fire and 60 for General 64AllRetirement Eligibility-0.6% except for: currently vested grandfathered Increase retirement age to 55 for Police/Fire and 60 for General 65AllRetirement Eligibility-2.0% except for: > 15 YOS grandfathered Increase retirement age to 55 for Police/Fire and 60 for General except for: within one year of 66AllRetirement Eligibility-2.8% retirement eligibility grandfathered Increase retirement age to 55 for Police/Fire and 60 for General 67AllRetirement Eligibilityexcept for: accrued benefit at -3.2% time of change is maintained as minimum Increase retirement age to 55 for 68AllRetirement Eligibility-2.2% all retirees Increase retirement age to 55 for Police/Fire and 60 for General + 69AllRetirement Eligibility-3.6% 1.8% of pay additional Police contribution Change Rule of 80 (25 and out 70AllRetirement Eligibilityfor Police) to Rule of 82 (26 and -2.1% out for Police) Change Rule of 80 (25 and out for Police) to Rule of 82 (26 and 71AllRetirement Eligibility-1.1% out for Police) > 15 YOS grandfathered City of Fort Worth Pension Review Taskforce August 7, 2018 Employee +/-10.5% of InitiativeCategoryInitiative GroupPay Deficit Change Rule of 80 (25 and out 72AllRetirement EligibilityforPolice) to Rule of 84 (27 and -4.1% out for Police) Increase retirement age to 57 for those with less than 15 years of 73AllRetirement Eligibility-0.3% service, assuming no bi- furcation Increase retirement age to 55 for those with less than 15 years of 74General and FireRetirement Eligibility-1.0% service, assuming no bi- furcation Increase retirement age to 55 for 75General and FireRetirement Eligibilitythose with less than 15 years of -0.6% service, with bi-furcation Increase retirement age to 55 for 76General and FireRetirement Eligibility-0.3% non-vested and new employees Increase vesting eligibility to 10 77AllVesting-- YOS for new employees Assumptions 78AllInvestment AssumptionReduce from 7.75% to 7.5%+2.3% 79AllInvestment AssumptionReduce from 7.75% to 7.0%+6.7% Extend from 30 years to 40 80All Amortization Period-2.5% years Reduce from 30 years to 25 81AllAmortization Period+2.1% years Change from level % of pay to 82AllAmortization Method+7.4% level $ amount Total-10.6% \[1\]ThiswilldeclinewithfutureemploymentofTierIIemployees \[2\]ThecombinationofyearssinceincreasegrantedandeffectofCOLAsinceretirementmakesitunlikelythiswouldproduceanysignificantreductionincosts * These COLA alternatives assume those employees who elected the ad hoc COLA will receive the same COLA as all other employees in the future CITY OF FORT WORTH Comparative Data MetroplexCities Employee Contributions to Retirement Plan None pay into Social Security (except general employees at Garland) 14% 12% *2017 Texas Municipal Retirement System (TMRS) Contribution Rate 10% 8.25% 8% 7%7% 7% 7% 6% 4% 2% 0% ArlingtonGarlandGrand PrairieIrving - Gen & PoliceFort Worth - Gen & * Fire Metroplex Cities Employer Contributions to Retirement Plan None pay into Social Security (except general employees at 25.00% 20.00% *2017 Texas Municipal Retirement System (TMRS) Contribution Rate 16.75% 16.33% 15.73% 14.61% 15.00% 11.11% 10.00% 5.00% 0.00% GarlandIrving - Gen & PoliceArlingtonGrand PrairieIrving - Fire General Employee Contributions 16.00% 14.00% 13.20% 12.20% 12.00% 10.00% 10.00% 9.20% 8.25% 8.00% 6.20% 6.04% 6.00% 4.00% 2.00% 0.00% San JoseIndianapolisFort WorthHoustonColumbusCharlotteSeattle Columbus, Dallas, Fort Worth, and San Jose do not participate in Social Security Employee contributions shown for new hires. Fire Employee Contributions 20.00% 18.00% 16.00% 14.00% 12.65% 12.25% 12.00% 10.97% 10.50% 10.00% 8.75% 9.00% 8.25% 8.00% 6.00% 4.00% 3.00% 2.00% 0.00% Only San Antonio participates in Social Security Employee contributions shown for new hires. Police Employee Contributions 25.00% 20.00% 15.00% 12.25% 12.20% 10.61% 10.50% 8.75% 8.73% 10.00% 9.00% 5.00% 3.00% 0.00% IndianapolisFort WorthSeattleDenverHoustonSan JoseCharlotteColumbus Austin, Charlotte and San Antonio do participate Employee contributions shown for new hires. General Employer Contributions 70.00% 60.00% 50.00% 40.00% 30.00% 21.15% 20.40% 19.74% 17.70% 20.00% 13.71% 12.87% 12.00% 10.00% 0.00% ColumbusCharlotteDallasDenverFort WorthIndianapolisEl Paso Columbus, Dallas, Fort Worth, and San Jose do not participate in Social Security Note: Data as of FY 2016 Valuations Fire Employer Contributions 80.00% 70.00% 60.00% 50.00% 40.00% 30.00% 23.50% 22.70% 19.74% 18.50% 18.33% 20.00% 12.65% 10.00% 8.00% 5.23% 0.00% SeattleDenverCharlotteAustinEl PasoFort WorthIndianapolisColumbus Only San Antonio participates in Social Security Police Employer Contributions 80.00% 70.00% 60.00% 50.00% 40.00% 27.51% 30.00% 22.70% 19.00% 18.50% 20.46% 20.00% 13.35% 8.00% 10.00% 5.23% 0.00% SeattleDenverCharlotteEl PasoColumbusFort WorthIndianapolisAustin Austin, Charlotte and San Antonio participate Post Reform Contribution Changes – Texas Cities The City of Dallas enacted pension reforms for both the general employees pension plan and police and fire plan •The City created a new pension tier for general employees hired after December 2016. Employee contribution rates for both tiers remained unchanged (13.32%) between FY2016 and FY2017. The City also contributes at the same rate for both tiers but contributions increased from 13.71% (FY2016) to 22.68% (FY2017) •Dallas enacted pension reforms for police and fire employees. Employee contribution rates increased from 7.08% (FY2016) to 13.5% (FY2017) and employer contribution rates increased from 32.68% (FY2016) to 34.5% (FY2017) The City of Houston also enacted pension reforms affecting general, police, and fire employees •Contributions for general employees increased for each pension tier: Tier A (5.0% to 7.0% Tier C (0% to 3%). Additionally, the employer contribution rate decreases from 24.97% (FY2016) to 8.17% (FY2017), which results from the City’s decision to pay down the legacy liability through pension obligations bonds •Contributions for fire (regardless of hire date) increased from 9.0% to 10.5% as part of the new reforms. Additionally, the employer contribution rate decreases from 33.62% (FY2016) to 31.89% (FY2017) •Contributions for police officers (regardless of hire date) increased from 9.37% to 10.5% as part of the new reforms. Additionally, the employer contribution rate decreases from 33.75% (FY2016) to 31.77% (FY2017) and 31.85% (FY2018). The City also used pension obligation bonds to fund the police legacy liability. The decrease is less severe in comparison to general employees because the City revised its police pension assumptions which resulted in a larger liability Charlotte: Employees can voluntarily enroll in the City's 401K plan: City contributes up to 3.0% for general and fire employees, 5.0% for police employees Columbus: Employer makes an additional contribution toward retiree health benefits: 0.5% (police), 0.5% (fire), 2.0% (general) which brings contribution up to the statutory maximums of: 19.5% (police), 24.0% (fire), 14.0% (general) for new hires. Contributionrates are shown for new hires. There is an employer pick which varies on hire date and employee group for older tiers. Denver: Fire and police employee contributions increase 0.5% each year through 2022 (maximum of 12%); rates shown for 2016 Indianapolis: Employer picks up 3.0% of the required 6.0% member contribution for police and fire employees and 3.0% of the required 3.0% member contribution for general employees; Employer rates include pick applicable San Jose: Employees make an additional contribution toward retiree health benefits: 9.51% (police), 9.74% (fire), and 0.39% (general); Employer makes an additional contribution toward retiree health benefits for new hires: 10.31% (police), 10.62% (fire), and 12.86% (general). Employee contribution rates shown for new hire due to data availability. Employer contributions based on a calculated blendedrate all tiers. Seattle: Contribution rates shown for most recent pension tier: hire hired on or after Sept. 1977 Austin: •General and Fire EE/ER: Texas Review Board Actuarial Valuation Report (2016) •Police EE/ER: Police Pension Benefit Guide (2016) Dallas: •General EE/ER: Texas Review Board Actuarial Valuation Report (2016) •Fire and Police EE: Actuarial Impact Statement (April 2, 2017), ER: Texas Review Board Actuarial Valuation Report (2016) El Paso: •General, Fire, and Police EE/ER: Texas Review Board Actuarial Valuation Report (2016) Houston: •General and Police EE: Pension AVRs (2016), ER: Texas Review Board Actuarial Valuation Report (2016) •Fire EE: Actuarial Impact Statement (March 18, 2017), ER: Texas Review Board Actuarial Valuation Report (2016) San Antonio: •Police and Fire EE/ER: Texas Review Board Actuarial Valuation Report (2016) Other Metroplex: •Texas Municipal Retirement System Actuarial Valuation Report (2016) Charlotte: •General, Fire, and Police EE/ER: 2016 City-wide CAFR Columbus: •General, Fire, and Police EE/ER: 2016 City-wide CAFR Denver: •General, Fire, and Police EE/ER: 2016 City-wide CAFR Indianapolis: •General EE: 2016 City-wide CAFR, ER: Indiana Public Retirement System Rate Changes (from web) •Police and Fire EE: Public Employees Retirement Fund, At a Glance Handout; ER: Indiana Public Retirement System Rate Changes (from web) Seattle: •General EE: Seattle City Employees’ Retirement System II FAQ Handout (from web) •Police and Fire EE/ER: Washington State Contribution Rate Tables (from web) San Jose: •General, Fire, and Police EE/ER: 2016 City-wide CAFR; •Note: ER is a blended rate based on employer contributions to Tiers 1 & 2 divided by covered payroll for Tiers 1 & 2 F Pension Refo EducationMee LOCALPROBLEM=LOCA Meeting Presenters: David Cooke, City Manager Susan Alanis, Assistant City Manager Jay Chapa, Assistant City Manager Brian Dickerson, Director Human Resources Margaret Wise, Assistant Human Resources Director Meeting Rules of Conduct Please show the meeting presenter respect at all times Please write down your questions during the presentation so you can ask them at the end of each section or during Please wait until after the meeting to ask very specific or personal pension questions. Questions can also be emailed to pension@fortworthtexas.gov do not wish to ask it out loud or cannot wait until the end of the presentation Thank you for taking the time to attend these meetings to learn more about the changes to the Pension Plan and upcoming vote in February PENSION 101 Understanding the Pension Plan and Problem City has a defined benefit plan, consistent with large cities in Texas, allowing Fort Worth to be competitive. You can retire when your age + years of service = 80 or at age 65 with 5 years of service. Police Officers can retire after 25 years of service. What Gro GENERAL POLICE EMPLOYEE OFFICER Group IGroup III Hired before Hired before July 1, 2011January 1, 2013 Group IIGroup IV Hired on or after Hired on or after July 1, 2011January 1, 2013 BLUE SERVICE ORANGE SERVICE 3% x years of service x high three 2.5% x years of service x high and applies to all service credit overtime). earned prior to pension reform for each employee group below: Group I General Every group has orange service. Group III Police Group V Fire Employees with Blue Service also have a survivor benefit included at no cost How is pension calculated for employees wit October 1, 2013 for Generals & Police January 10, 2015 for Fire 2.5% x years 3% x years x high 3 salary (w/ OT) salary (w/o OT) 10 years5.8 years 27 Total Years of Service EXAMPLE 10 years x 3.0% x $67,923 (high 3 w/ OT)= $20,377 17 years x 2.5% x $63,437 (high 5 w/o OT)=$26,961 Total annual pension$47,338 How does the City fund pensions? $50,000 General Employee Hire $1,400,000 $1,200,000 $1,000,000 $800,000 $600,000 $400,000 $200,000 $0 234567890123456789012 111111112222222222333 000000000000000000000 222222222222222222222 How Much of the Plan is Funded? City of Fort Worth Pension Investment Returns The City and member contributions, combined with the investment returns, result in the funds available to pay benefits. The Fund uses a 7.75% rate of return, which is down from 8.5% in the past. Market MTDQTDCYTD1 Year3 Years5 Years Value $2.2B1.02%1.93-0.19%0.68%6.87%5.52% The current year is projected to end flat at 0%, which is the equivalent of missing earnings of $170 million this year alone. Accumulating an unfunded liability is sort of like With the pension, we are taking on a debt that begin paying in benefits until many years in the future Failure to pay enough results in an balance each month never paying it off sort of like a mortgage We have a projected unfunded liability of over $1.6 billion The amount of time anticipated to pay off the liability is known as the and is commonly recommended to be around 30 years TEXAS PENSION SYSTEM What do other cities in Texas contribute? Texas City Comparison Chart FY2017 Employee Contributions including Social Security GeneralFire Fort Worth8.25%8.25% Austin14.20%18.33% Dallas13.32%13.50% El Paso15.15%15.28% Houston9.20%10.50% San AntonioTMRS18.52% Employer Contributions including Social Security General Fort Worth19.74%19.74% Austin24.24%18.33% Dallas22.68%34.50% El Paso21.15%18.50% Houston14.37%31.89% San AntonioTMRS30.84% After Going to the State Legislature in Austin What Employees Had Before the ChangeThe Changes Employees Voted Down Employee 8.5%9% up to 12% Contributions 27.5%The City did not agree to this plan and City Contributions would not commit to increasing their contributions 50 for some employees and 55 for others based on Normal Retirement hire date Age 2.0% for years 1-20Members hired after certain date would Pension Formula 2.5% for years 21-25get a 3% multiplier 3.0% for years 26 until retirement Average High 3 salaryAverage High 5 salary 4% Automatic COLAAutomatic COLA tied to the US Treasury COLA rate bond Unlimited DROP10 Year DROP DROP 4% Contributions to Fund while in DROP3% Interest for 7 years and 0 after 7 Interest on DROP Accountyears Lump Sum Cash WithdrawalOption to have annuity 4% Automatic COLA on DROP balance THE SOLUTION FOR THE FUTURE OF FORT WORTH CONTRIBUTION INCREASE ELECTION We need ALL 6,800 City Employees Must have 50% + 1 for Vote to Pass (approx. 3401 votes) What will you be voting on? 1.Member Contribution Increases 2.Risk-Sharing allowing up to 1.6% additional contribution increases for employee and 2.4% for City no sooner than 2022 and no more than .8% in a single year 3. ---will not require another employee vote 4.Apply employee contributions to all overtime earned. Total Contributions Contingent on Successful Election Current7/20/2019* General 9.35% (increase by 1.1% for Group II General Members ) 8.25% 10.05% (increase by 1.1% + .7% for years of blue service Group I General Members) Police** 8.73%10.53% (1.8%) Fire 8.25%10.05% (1.8%) TaxPayers 19.74% (General & Fire)24.24% (General & Fire) (City) 20.46% (Police)24.96% (Police) *Retroactive to PP1 of calendar year 2019 for City **Higher contributions for Police to retain the 25 and out benefit Risk Sharing (Contingent on Successful Additional contribution changes to be automaticallyimplemented As early as 2022, if the City and employee contribution is less than the contribution (ADC)for two consecutive years Contributions will be increased to 2% of pay in one year or 4% of pay in total in a 60%/40% proportion (City/employee) o City = 1.2% in one year or 2.4% total o Employee = 0.8% in one year or 1.6% total Increases may be unilaterally reduced by City Council, without additional approval of members, if two consecutive actuarial valuations indicate the ADC will be met without those contributions If maximum contribution increase has been applied and the following actuarial valuation indicates the actual contribution is still insufficient, the City Council may consider Total Contributions Contingent on Successful Election Current7/20/2019*20202021 General 9.35% (increase by 1.1% for Group II General Members ) 8.25% 10.05% (increase by 1.1% + .7% for years of blue service Group I General Members) Police**12.53% 13.13% 8.73%10.53% (+1.8%) (+2%)(+.6%) Fire12.05% 8.25%10.05% (+1.8%) (+2%) TaxPayers 19.74% (General & 24.24% (General & Fire) Fire) (City) 24.96% (Police) 20.46% (Police) *Retroactive to PP1 of calendar year 2019 for City **Higher contributions for Police to retain the 25 and out benefit Solution Results Estimated Amortization Periods at Different Investment Return Assumptions after Proposed Changes and Automatic Adjust Feature 50 45 40 35 30 S R 25 A E Y 20 15 10 5 0 20182019202020212022 Objective7.50%7.25%7.00% Contribution With the exception of built-in overtime for firefighters, currently make contributions on earned overtime The City makes contributions on all overtime earned by employees who have any blue service; the City does not make contributions on overtime earned by employees with only orange service. A successful election would require employees contributions on all overtime, including members with only orange service. COLA Cost of Living Adjustment Adjustments to COLA and Eligibility Dates Convert COLA of Retain current COLA remaining active, level for service through eligible employees 7/19/2019 for members for service through who are retired or entered 7/19/2019 to a DROP by 1/1/2021, variable COLA based including early retirement on Fund performance Variable COLA Current employees that have a combination of Blue and Orange Service who do not retire or enter the DROP by January 1, 2021 move to a variable COLA. This means the COLA will fluctuate based on the performance of the fund. Increase in any single year may not exceed 4% increase of base pension Fund returns would need to consistently be 9 COLA to be triggered, which is highly unlikely ENTERING THE DROP AND MAJOR MEDICAL DROP (Deferred Retirement Option Program) A member who is eligible to retire may enter the DROP, while they continue to work and draw a regular paycheck. Upon entering DROP the pension amount is calculated and is frozen, as if the employee has retired. Future years of service and pay increases will not be added to the pension benefit The pension amount is deposited into an account that the member can withdraw upon retirement. Extension of DROP from 5 to 6 years is contingent upon successful contribution increase vote. If adopted, the effective date for the additional year is 7/20/2019. Sick/Major Medical Leave The current policy allows unused sick leave (civil service) and major medical leave (general) to be applied as service credit As of July 20, 2019 any future earned sick/major medical leave that is accrued thereafter will not convert to service credit upon retirement Upon retirement all unused sick/major medical leave balances that were accrued prior to July 20, 2019 will continue to convert to service credit How Sick/Major Medical Leave Will Be Used OLD BLUE ORANGE SERVICESERVICE (Groups (All I, III, V) groups) Any unused major medical or sick leave accrued after July 20, 2019 will no longer be applied as service credit. Upon retirement, unused major medical or sick leave hours will be calculated and applied as service credit based on the ƭğƌğƩǤ ŅƚƩƒǒƌğ when the ağƆƚƩ aĻķźĭğƌ ƌĻğǝĻ ƚƩ {źĭƉ ƌĻğǝĻ ŷƚǒƩƭ 1,040 hours (6 months) earned during Blue Service = ½ of one year x 3.0% x high 3 520 hours (3 months) earned during Orange Service = ¼ of one year x 2.5% x high 5 130 hours (1 month) earned after July 20, 2019 = 0 WHEN AND HOW TO VOTE The Fort Worth Retirement Fund Office will administer the vote Pension Reform Plan Schedule Date January 7 February 1 (4 weeks)Employee and Retiree Meetings February 4 February 22 (3 weeks)Contribution Election February 27ERF Board certifies election results March 5 (tentative)Joint ERF Board Voting For A Solution Voting ballots will be mailed out February 1, 2019 Voting occurs from February 4 February 22 You can vote three ways: Mail voting ballot to be received before or on February 22 Vote securely online Vote securely over the phone What will you be voting on? 1.Member Contribution Increases 2.Risk-Sharing allowing up to 1.6% additional contribution increases for employee and 2.4% for City no sooner than 2022 and no more than .8% in a single year 3. ---will not require another employee vote 4.Apply employee contributions to all overtime earned. Breakdown of Employee Vote HELP/COMMUNICATIONS WHERE TO FIND MORE INFORMATION http://fortworthtexas.gov/benefits/pension/ Information on contribution changes for general employees, police officers and firefighters Pension Schedule (voting dates) Educational Meeting Dates Pension Education Presentation (also on YouTube) Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) Where do I go to get information about a specific question I have about my personal pension? Email:pension@fortworthtexas.gov Phone:817-392-7737 Retirement Fund Website http://www.fwretirement.org/ Important Points to Remember Contributions to the Pension Fund are changing, but the benefit has been preserved and will remain the same Employee contribution changes must be approved by a majority vote from employees Feb 4 -Feb 22 A local Fort Worth pension problem should be solved in Fort Worth not by the state legislature in 457 PLAN AN ADDITIONAL RETIREMENT SAVINGS OPTION FOR EMPLOYEES 457 Deferred Compensation Plan TIAA Set aside pre-tax or post-tax (ROTH) money for retirement Minimum contribution $10.00/pay period www.tiaa.org/fortworth Investment in a variety of funds available 2019 maximum $19,000 www.tiaa.org/fortworth 2019 catch-up contribution 888 $6,000 over age 50 Special catch-up contribution within 3 years of retirement Contact Benefits or TIAA You can contribute a percentage of your salary for 2019 QUESTIONS GLOSSARY Important Pension Terms You May Want To Know Important Pension Terms to Know Defined Benefit Plan -a type of pension DROP Deferred Retirement Option plan that promises a specified monthly Program which allows an employee to defer benefit at retirementretirement while accumulating a lump benefit payable upon retirement COLA Cost of living adjustment Amortization Period Ad Hoc COLA -allows employees to share in which the city will pay off the unfunded in the risks and benefits of investment liability, if all plan assumptions are met, returns. typically 30 years Simple COLA -calculated on a fixed Rule of 80 - percentage rate. The simple COLA in the city's plan is 2% age, equals 80. Once a General Employee or a Fire Employee reaches the Rule of 80, he Variable COLA -fluctuates based on the or she is eligible to retire health/performance of the fund January 18, 2019 Mr. Todd Cox Board Chairman 3801 Hulen Street, Suite 101 Fort Worth, TX 76107 Todd.Cox@fwretirement.org Re: Assessment of the Pension Modifications Adopted on December 11, 2018 Dear Mr. Cox: As requested, we have estimated the impact of the pension modifications and proposed contribution changes adopted by the Fort Worth City Council on December 11, 2018. This letter will describe the modifications, summarize the impact of the modifications, and outline the assumptions and methods used in the estimates. This letter is intended to satisfy Sections 5.07 and 5.09 of Article 6243i of the Texas Revised Civil Statutes which require an actuarial analysis of amendments to Municipality and member contributions to FWERF. Summary of Modifications This analysis is based on our understanding of the modifications detailed in the formal ordinance amending Article I oof the Code of the City of Fort Worth (2015). The modifications included the following elements: Changes to Benefits Enacted by the Fort Worth City Council on December 11, 2018 1.Eliminate the COLA on the portion of the benefit associated with future service for current COLA-eligible (Tier 1) active members, effective July, 2019, 2.Eliminate COLAs applicable to active employees and deferred vested employees who have not retired or entered DROP on or before January 1, 2021, 3.Establish a Variable COLA for Tier 1 members who have not retired nor entered DROP on or before January 1, 2021, which can be granted in instances where plan funding meets the funding requirements of the Ordinance and the Variable COLA is approved by both the FWERF Board of Trustees and the City Council, 4.Eliminate future accruals of major medical and excess sick leave toward service and Final Average Compensation (FAC), Mr. Todd Cox January 18, 2019 Page 2 Additional Changes to Contributions and Benefits Subject to Approval by the Members 5. Increase the member contribution rate by 1.1% of pay for all General Employees, effective July, 2019, 6. Increase the member contribution rate by an additional 0.7% of pay for a period equal to the period of blue service for each individual General Employee, effective July, 2019, 7. Increase the member contribution rate by 1.8% of pay for all Police Officers and Firefighters, effective July, 2019, and an additional 2.0% of pay, effective January, 2020, 8. Increase the member contribution rate by an additional 0.6% of pay for all Police Officers, effective January, 2021, 9. Include overtime in the calculation of member contributions, effective July, 2019, 10. Increase the City contribution rate by 4.50% of pay, effective January, 2019, 11. Extend maximum DROP period to six years, and 12. Establish certain automatic risk-sharing contribution increases when plan funding is not meeting the funding requirements of the Ordinance. Summary of Results It is our understanding that the City and the Pension Task Force utilized a 7.50% investment return assumption as a margin for risk when developing proposed modifications to FWERF. As a result, we have assessed the impact of the pension modifications using an investment return assumption of 7.50%. A further discussion of risk margin, the investment return assumption, and the upcoming experience study is included later in this letter . section presents the most reasonable expectations for future actuarial valuation results based on all of the factors known at this time. The following table presents the results of the projected December 31, 2018 actuarial valuation results using a 7.75% investment return assumption as well as a 7.50% investment return assumption. The table also includes the impact of the pension modifications using a 7.50% investment return assumption. Mr. Todd Cox January 18, 2019 Page 3 Projected December 31, 2018 Valuation Results Pension Current Plan Current Plan Modifications Discount Rate 7.75% 7.50% 7.50% Ultimate Contribution Rates (prior to risk-sharing) Members* 8.41% 8.41% 11.75% City 19.99% 19.99% 24.49% Additional Revenue from Blue Service General Employee Contributions Expected in Year 1 N/A N/A $780,000 Total Normal Cost Rate* 12.70% 13.49% 12.69% UAAL (millions) $1,733.8 $1,850.5 $1,709.5 Funded Ratio 56.8% 55.2% 57.1% Funding Period** Infinite Infinite 29 years 30-Year ADEC** 28.44% 30.02% 24.02% Year UAAL Eliminated*** Not Applicable Not Applicable 2050 * Underlying payroll basis for member contributions and normal cost rate also increased by approximately 5.7% due to the inclusion of overtime ** Based on new statutory contribution rates and zero liability for future Ad Hoc and Variable COLAs *** Incorporating risk-sharing contribution increases and payment of Ad Hoc COLAs Unless noted in the remaining sections of this letter, our estimates are based on the same assumptions, methods, procedures and data as the December 31, 2017 actuarial valuation, including assuming an actual investment return of 7.75% for 2018. Effect of Higher Member Contributions Members contribute a portion of their compensation to FWERF for their entire career. When member contribution rates are increased, the future benefits payable from FWERF increase as the members now have higher accumulated contribution balances that must ultimately be distributed. As a result, FWERF will experience a modest increase in Actuarial Accrued Liability and normal cost as a result of the increase in member contribution rates; however, these increases are far outweighed by the value of the increased contributions to the plan over time. Withdrawal of Member Contributions Based on the current valuation assumptions, all vested terminations are assumed to leave their contributions on deposit with FWERF and wait to commence the deferred annuity. With the proposed increase in the member contributions and the elimination of the COLA for certain members, it is more likely that accumulated contribution balance at termination will have a greater economic value to the member than waiting for the deferred annuity. As a result, we have modified the assumption for withdrawal of member contributions. Specifically, members terminating with a vested Mr. Todd Cox January 18, 2019 Page 4 benefit are assumed to choose the most valuable option available to them at the time of termination: (i) an immediate , or deposit and receiving a deferred annuity. Include Overtime in the Calculation of Member Contributions The pension modifications will require all active members to contribute on overtime earnings. As a result, Tier 2 members will contribute on overtime earnings but overtime earnings will not be included in the determination of their benefit. Additionally, the City will continue to contribute on earnings that exclude overtime for Tier 2 members. Major Medical and Sick Leave Conversions In certain circumstances, members are currently allowed to convert unused major medical and sick leave to service at retirement. The current valuation assumptions include a load to account for these leave conversions. Specifically, future retirement benefits are loaded by the following percentages: 3.75% for General Employees, 2.00% for Police Officers, and 2.50% for Firefighters. The enacted pension modifications include the elimination of future accruals of major medical and sick leave toward service and FAC. In order to incorporate this modification, current members with 20 years of service are assumed to have a fully-accrued leave balance (i.e., their benefits are loaded by the full percentage stated above). For current members with less than 20 years of service, the load percentage oyee with currently 10 years of service will have their retirement benefit loaded by 1.75% (or, one-half of 3.50%). Future members will not have any load applied to their retirement benefits. Maintaining COLA Eligibility The pension modifications dictate that Tier 1 members who retire or enter DROP on or before January 1, 2021 will maintain their eligibility for the current COLA provisions. This type of provision will likely cause a significant number of employees to retire or enter DROP earlier than anticipated in order to maintain the 2% automatic COLA. This approach could also put a significant strain on City staffing as well as reduce the anticipated savings from the plan changes as more people retire or enter DROP on or before January 1, 2021 to lock in the more valuable benefits. We have assumed that 100% of active members that reach the eligibility for Normal Retirement between December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2020 (approximately 500 members) will enter DROP and participate in DROP the same period of time currently assumed in the actuarial valuation (i.e., three years for General Employees and four years for Police Officers and Firefighters). Additionally, we have assumed that 100% of active members that worked beyond Normal Retirement without entering DROP as of December 31, 2017 (approximately 100 members) will retire prior to January 1, 2021. Finally, we have assumed that all Vested Terminated Members who are eligible for the automatic 2% COLA and will reach age 50 prior to January 1, 2021 (approximately 150 members) will commence their benefit at the earlier of Normal Retirement and January 1, 2021. Mr. Todd Cox January 18, 2019 Page 5 Actuarially Determined Contribution (ADC) Certain aspects of the pension modifications rely on whether the current fixed contributions to the fund meet the ADC outlined in the Ordinance. In general, the Ordinance defines the ADC as a contribution - assumed that the ADC is the sum of the normal cost, the assumed administrative expenses, and an amount necessary to eliminate the UAAL over a closed 30-year period beginning on December 31, 2018 with the goal of eliminating the UAAL by December 31, 2048. In this context, the ADC is the sum of the anticipated member contributions and the City contributions. This provision makes no allowance for how to handle potentially large, new experience losses that occur in the few years before 2048. Based time and could create an unmanageable amount of volatility in the contribution rate. For purposes of the automatic risk-sharing contribution increases, the Ordinance indicates that the investment return assumption used to determine the ADC must be consistent with the average of rates reported by two independent sources that are agreed to by the City and For purposes of the th Variable COLAs, the Ordinance indicates that COLAs and 13 checks cannot be granted if the investment return assumption determined by the FWERF Board is higher than the average of the assumed rates of return as reported by two independent sources that have been agreed to by the City and the Board. Additionally, the ADC must be determined based on the Actuarial Value of Assets as well as the Market Value of Assets. These are subtle differences in the description of the ADC but they could lead to slightly different amounts over time. Since the City and the members contribute on a different payroll basis, it would not be accurate to add the City and member contribution rates together. As a result, we may still focus on the Actuarially Determined Employer Contribution (ADEC) for purposes of reporting required contribution rates so it is clear which payroll basis is being considered. However, the ADEC will simply be determined as the projected ADC less the anticipated member contributions. Independent Sources of Investment Return Assumptions The description of the ADC in the Ordinance for Variable COLAs and the automatic risk-sharing contribution increases both refer to a comparison of to rates of return reported by two independent sources which must be agreed to by the City and the FWERF Board. To our knowledge, there have been no formal discussions about which independent sources will be selected. However, examples of two possible sources could include: (1) the National Association of State Retirement Administrators (NASRA) Public Fund Survey, and (2) the Wilshire Consulting Report on City & County Retirement Systems. For reference, the most recent NASRA report was published in November, 2018 and indicated that the median investment return assumption in their survey was 7.38%. Similarly, the most recent Wilshire report was published in September, 2018 and indicated that the median investment return assumption in their survey was 7.25%. We would like to point out that both of these sources are already below the 7.50% used in this analysis and are on a downward trend. Mr. Todd Cox January 18, 2019 Page 6 Automatic Risk-Sharing Contribution Increases If the anticipated contributions from the members and the City are less than the ADC for two consecutive years, the City and member contributions will be increased as required to meet the ADC with 60% of the increases allocated to the City and the remaining 40% allocated to the members. The annual increase in the total contribution rate will be capped at 2% of pay and the aggregate increase will be capped at 4% of pay. These increases cannot commence prior to January 1, 2022. The City Council can lower the risk-sharing contributions if some or all of the risk-sharing contributions are no longer needed to meet the ADC for two consecutive years. Such reductions will be allocated 40% to the members and 60% to the City. Based on a 7.50% investment return assumption and assuming a positive investment return for 2018, it is anticipated that the risk-sharing contributions will commence on January 1, 2029 at approximately 0.02% of pay for the City. The risk-sharing contributions will increase as a percentage pay until they reach 2.25% of pay in the year 2048. After 2048, the risk-sharing contributions are no longer expected to be necessary to meet the ADC. This slow increase occurs because the Ad Hoc COLA provisions begin to grant COLAs to retirees as the funding period declines. The Ad Hoc COLAs increase the UAAL which pushes the actuarially determined contribution rates up, even for new active members. An alternative would be to advance recognize the potential future Ad Hoc COLAs in the determination of the ADC, which would create a more level pattern of contributions, but would also create more Ad Hoc COLA liabilities. This projection assumes that an investment return assumption of 7.50% would be considered City and the two independent rates would be approximately 7.32%. Variable COLAs th The FWERF Board may, with Council ratification, award a lifetime COLA or 13 check to COLA-eligible members who have not retired or entered DROP on or before January 1, 2021 as long as the ADC is less than the anticipated contributions for two consecutive years. COLAs awarded in any single year may not exceed a 4% increase of base pension. Additionally, no Variable COLA can be awarded if the risk-sharing contributions are still in effect. Based on a 7.50% investment return assumption and assuming a positive investment return for 2018, it is anticipated that Variable COLAs could be awarded beginning in 2049 once the risk-sharing contributions are no longer necessary. The current analysis assumes that no Variable COLAs are awarded in the future. It should be noted that the Variable COLAs cannot be granted if the investment return assumption is higher than the average of the assumed rates of return as reported by two independent sources that Mr. Todd Cox January 18, 2019 Page 7 have been agreed to by the City and the Board.in 2019, it is unlikely that the 7.50% investment return assumption would meet this criterion. Legacy Ad Hoc COLAs Following the enactment of the pension modifications, certain members will still be eligible to receive Ad Hoc COLAs in the future as long as the amortization period of FWERF is less than 28 years. These Ad Hoc COLAs are not subject to the same restrictions as the Variable COLAs noted above. Specifically, the Ad Hoc COLA can still be paid if the ADC outlined in the Ordinance is not being met and if the risk- sharing contributions are in effect. However, the risk-sharing contributions cannot be used in determining the amortization period for granting an Ad Hoc COLA. Based on a 7.50% investment return assumption and assuming a positive investment return for 2018, it is anticipated that these Ad Hoc COLAs will be paid on an annual basis beginning in 2020. The projected annuity payments eligible for the Ad Hoc COLA are approximately $16 million in 2020 and remain at that level (prior to any actual COLAs granted) for approximately 10 years. After that time, the projected annuity payments slowly start to decrease, slipping beneath $10 million in 2044 and beneath $5 million in 2054. It is assumed that the annual determination of the funding period for purposes of granting the Ad Hoc COLA will not incorporate any liability for the possibility that future Ad Hoc COLAs may be granted. Impact of Actual Investment Return for 2018 Based on early indications, the FWERF fund will experience a negative investment return of -3.78% for the 2018 calendar year which could eventually increase the UAAL by more than $265 million. Based on a 7.50% investment return assumption, an additional $265 million increase in the UAAL due to actual investment returns in 2018 would have the following effect on the results of this analysis: Funding Period** 42 years 30-Year ADEC** 27.63% of pay Risk-Sharing Contributions 1.2% of pay for the City in 2022, 2.4% in 2023, paid through 2050 Variable COLAs Could be awarded beginning in 2051 Legacy Ad Hoc COLAs Will be paid on an annual basis beginning in 2029 Year UAAL Eliminated*** 2052 Based on the current method for developing the Actuarial Value of Assets, it will take a few years before the full impact of the anticipated $265 million actuarial investment loss will be incorporated into the actuarial valuation results. However, the results stated above illustrate the ultimate impact on FWERF assuming no future actuarial gains will emerge to offset the 2018 actuarial investment loss. Mr. Todd Cox January 18, 2019 Page 8 Setting Expectations for the Future Actual Investment Returns and Actuarial Assumptions As plan modifications are considered, it is prudent to also consider the impact of design modifications based on alternate assumptions. Plan design modifications that are sustainable under multiple sets of assumptions are more likely to be a permanent solution going forward. Additionally, it is our understanding that the City and the Pension Task Force utilized a 7.50% investment return assumption as a margin for risk when developing proposed modifications to FWERF. analysis is an important step in building a sustainable package of modifications. An actuarial experience study will be conducted prior to the completion of the December 31, 2018 actuarial valuation. Based on current market expectations, the upcoming experience study may find that the most appropriate assumption for future investment returns is less than 7.50%. Additionally, recently published mortality tables for public employees indicate that the current mortality assumption for FWERF may also need to be updated as part of the upcoming experience study. To illustrate the possible impact of updated assumptions resulting from the upcoming experience study, we have also determined the results of this analysis based on the combination of a 7.25% investment return assumption, updated mortality tables, an anticipated increase in the UAAL of $265 million due to actual investment returns in 2018, and the pension modifications: Funding Period** 61 years 30-Year ADEC** 30.80% of pay Risk-Sharing Contributions 1.2% of pay for the City in 2022, 2.4% in 2023, paid through 2059 Variable COLAs Could be awarded beginning in 2060 Legacy Ad Hoc COLAs Will be paid on an annual basis beginning in 2039 Year UAAL Eliminated*** 2061 For the results where the investment return assumption is lowered from 7.75%, only the nominal investment return was lowered. When the investment return assumption is reviewed during the upcoming experience study, we will also consider changes to the other economic assumptions (e.g., inflation, salary increases, payroll growth, etc.). This estimate also incorporates the recently published PubG-2010 mortality table with generational mortality improvements in accordance with the ultimate mortality improvement rates from the most recently published MP scale. Impact of Pension Modifications if Members do not Approve Contribution Increases As previously stated, the majority of the changes to benefits were formally enacted by the Fort Worth City Council on December 11, 2018. However, the changes to contributions will only take effect if they are approved by the members. Mr. Todd Cox January 18, 2019 Page 9 Based on a 7.50% investment return assumption and assuming a positive investment return for 2018, the formally enacted changes to benefits would provide the following impact on the projected December 31, 2018 actuarial valuation results without the increases in contributions: UAAL (millions) $1,703.1 Funding Period** Infinite 30-Year ADEC** 27.86% of pay Since the UAAL is not expected to be eliminated in this situation, Ad Hoc and Variable COLAs would not be expected to be paid at any point in the future. Summary Based on our analysis, the pension modifications to FWERF outlined in the Ordinance result in an initial funding period of 29 years as of December 31, 2018. Once the provisions for risk-sharing contributions and Ad Hoc COLAs are reflected, the UAAL is projected to be eliminated in 2050 based on an investment return assumption of 7.50% and a positive investment return for 2018. When the analysis is performed based on a 7.25% investment return assumption, updated mortality tables, and reflecting the anticipated actual investment returns for 2018, the UAAL is expected to be eliminated in 2061. Additionally, the City and the members will be required to contribute the maximum risk-sharing contributions from 2022 through 2059. Certification All of our work conforms with generally accepted actuarial principles and practices, and to the Actuarial Standards of Practice issued by the Actuarial Standards Board. In my opinion, our calculations also comply with the requirements of, where applicable, the Internal Revenue Code and ERISA. The signing actuary is independent of the plan sponsor. He is an Enrolled Actuary, a Fellow of the Society of Actuaries, and a Member of the American Academy of Actuaries, and meets the Qualification Standards of the American Academy of Actuaries. Finally, the undersigned is experienced in performing valuations for large public retirement systems. Sincerely, Gabriel, Roeder, Smith & Company R. Ryan Falls, FSA, EA, MAAA Senior Consultant cc: Ms. Benita Falls Harper Interim Executive Director/General Counsel