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HomeMy WebLinkAboutOrdinance 2470 _„5,.,, �. x„-.:.r,9.,.�,..xe+.ta,..+..-antra'* ,..,�,�'xF�.�?1rlTrr+li'.•-,�_ Ib Y Title--4 { r �}St T Date % Filed__ »l Day of r k 19 \ City Secretar V P.O.No.127&R TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER I PAGE Bureau of Fire Prevention and General Provisions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 CHAPTER II Explosives . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .. . ... . . . 9 CHAPTER III Pyrotechnics and Small Arms Ammunition .. .. . . 11 CHAPTER IV Nitro-Cellulose Motion Picture Films . . . . . . . . 12 CHAPTER V Pyroxylin Plastic . . . . .. .. . .... .. . . . .. . . .. . . . 14 CHAPTER VI Photographic and X-Ray Nitro-Cellulose Film 16 CHAPTER VII Calcium Carbide and Acetylene .. . . . . .. . ... . . . 17 CHAPTER VIII Compressed and Liquefied Gases other than Acetylene . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1s CHAPTER IX Flammable Liquids .. . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . .. .. ... .. 25 CHAPTER X The Application of Flammable Finishes . .. . . . . 40 OHAPTER XI Sale and Use of Dry Cleaning Liquids .. . . . . . . 43 CHAPTER XII Prevention of Dust Explosions .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 CHAPTER XIII Hazardous Chemicals .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... 49 CHAPTER XIV Combustible Fibres . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . 52 CHAPTER XV Refrigeration . . . . . . . . ... . . . .. . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . 53 CHAPTER XVI PAGE Matches .... ... ... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . 57 CHAPTER XVII Garages . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . ... . .. . . .. . . . . . .. 58 CHAPTER XVIII Automobile Wrecking and Junk Yards .. . . . . . . 60 CHAPTER XIX Automobile Tire Rebuilding Plants . . . . . . . . . 61 CHAPTER XX Woodworking Plants . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 CHAPTER XXI Incinerators .. . . . . . .. . . . . . ... . . . . .. .. . . ... 63 CHAPTER XXII Places of Indoor Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 64 CHAPTER XXIII Places of Outdoor Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 CHAPTER XXIV FireExits ....... . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. ... 74 CHAPTER XXV Fire Extinguishing Equipment .. . . . ... . . . ... 75 CHAPTER XXVI Gas Appliances and Connections . . . .. ... .... 78 CHAPTER XXIII Miscellaneous . . ... . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . .. 80 CHAPTER XXVIII Penalties for Violation . . ... ... .. .. . . . . .. . 86 ORDINANCE NO. 2470 AN ORDINANCE PROVIDING FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A BUREAU OF FIRE PREVENTION IN THE CITY OF FORT WORTH, TEXAS; PROVIDING OFFICERS THEREFOR, AND DEFINING THEIR POWERS AND DUTIES; DE- FINING TERMS; PRESCRIBING REGULATIONS FOR FIRE PREVENTION AND PROTECTION OF LIFE AND PROPERTY IN CONNECTION WITH HAZARDOUS MATERIALS AND PROCESSES; PRESCRIBING A FINE NOT EXCEEDING TWO HUNDRED DOLLARS ($200.00) FOR THE VIOLATION THEREOF AND THAT EACH DAY SAID VIOLATION CONTINUES SHALL CONSTITUTE A SEPARATE OFFENSE; REPEALING ALL ORDINANCES IN CONFLICT HEREWITH; PROVIDING A SAVINGS CLAUSE; AND PROVIDING. AN EFFECTIVE DATE. WHEREAS, the public health, safety and property is not adequately pro— tected by the provisions of existing ordinances relating to the prevention of fire; and, WHEREAS, it is necessary for the immediate preservation of the public safety, health and property that a Bureau of Fire Prevention be established, and further provision be immediately enacted relating to fire prevention, all of which constitute an emergency; NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT ORDAINED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF FORT WORTH, TEXAS: r CHAPTER I BUREAU OF FIRE PREVENTION AND GENERAL PROVISIONS 101. - A Bureau of Fire Prevention in the Fire Department of the .City of Fort Worth, Texas, is hereby established, which shall be operated under the supervision of the Chief of the Fire Department. The Chief of the Fire Department shall designate an officer (or member) of the Fire Department as Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention, who shall hold this office at the pleasure of the Chief of the Fire Department. The Chief of the Fire Department may detail such other members of the Fire Department as inspectors as shall from time to time be necessary. The Chief of the Fire Department may also recommend to the City Manager the em- ployment of technical inspectors, qualified by training and experience, to inspect various special fire hazards. When such technical inspectors have been authorized, they shall be selected through competitive examination de- signed to determine their fitness for the position. The Chief of the Fire Department, with the assistance of the Building Commissioner of the City of Fort Worth, shall prepare the questions and tests for such examination, and shall deliver them to the Director of Personnel of the City of Fort Worth, who shall conduct the examination of applicants. The Director of Personnel shall certify to the Chief of the Fire Department a list of the names of all applicants who made a passing grade; and the Chief shall make his ap- pointment from the three top-ranking applicants, subject to the approval of the City Manager and the regulations of policy governing employment of personnel. The examination shall be open to members and non-members of the Fire Department. 102. - It shall be the duty of the officers of the Bureau of Fire Pre- vention to enforce all laws and ordinances covering the following: (a) The prevention of fires (b) The storage and use of explosives and flammables (c) The installation and maintenance of automatic and other private fire alarm systems and fire extinguishing equipment (d) The maintenance and regulatioh of fire escapes (e) The means and adequacy of exit in case of fire, from factories, schools, hotels, lodging houses, asylums, hospitals, churches, halls, theatres, amphitheatres, and all other places in which numbers of persons work, live or congregate, from time to time, for any purpose (f) The investigation of the cause, origin and circumstances of fires They shall have such other powers and perform such other duties as are set forth in other sections of this ordinance, and as may be conferred and imposed from time to time by law. 103. - The Chief of the Fire Department, the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention or any member of the Fire Prevention Bureau, may at all rea- sonable hours enter any building or premises within the corporate limits of the City of Fort Worth for the purpose of making any inspection or investi- gation which under the provisions of this ordinance he or they may deem neces- sary to be made. 104. - The Chief of the Fire Department, Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention or an Inspector specially designated thereto shall inspect, as often as may be necessary, all specially hazardous manufacturing processes, storages or installations of gases, chemicals, oils, explosives and flammable materials, all interior fire alarm and automatic sprinkler systems, and such other hazards or appliances as the Chief of the Fire Department shall designate, and shall make orders as may be necessary for the enforcement of the laws and ordinances governing the same and for safeguarding of life and property from fire. 105. - It shall be the duty of the Chief of the Fire Department to inspect, or cause to be inspected by the Bureau of Fire Prevention, or by the Fire Department officers and members, as often as may be necessary, all buildings and premises except the interiors of private dwellings, for- the purpose of ascertaining and causing to be corrected any conditions liable to cause fire, or any violations of the pro- visions or intent of any ordinance of the city affecting the fire hazard. Whenever any Inspector, as defined above, shall find in any building or upon any premises, combustible or explosive matter or dangerous accumulafi ons of wastepaper, boxes, shavings, or any highly inflammable materials, and which is so situated as to en- danger life or property; or shall find obstructions to or on fire escapes, stairs, passageways, doors or windows, liable to interefere with the operations of the Fire Department or egress of occupants in case of fire, he shall order the same to be removed or remedied. 106. - It shall be the duty of the Chief of the Fire Depart- ment to inspect, or cause to be inspected by the Bureau of Fire Prevention, or by the Fire Department officers or members, each place.of assembly at least monthly and at such times, including time of accupancy and use, as to insure compliance with all laws, regulations and orders dealing with overcrowding, use of decorations, maintenance of exit ways, collapse of revolving doors, and maintenance of fire appliances in such places of assembly. Where conditions are found to be unsatisfactory, written orders for immediate correction shall be given. 107. - The Chief of the Fire Departments, Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention or an inspector upon the complaint of any person or whenever he or they shall deem it necessary shall inspect all buildings and premises within their jurisdiction. Whenever any of said officers shall find any building or other structure which, for want of repairs, lack of sufficient fire escapes, automatic or other fire alarm apparatus or fire extinguishing equipment or by reason of age or delapidated con- dition, or from any other cause, is especially liable to fire, and which is so situated as to endanger other property of the occupants thereof, and whenever such officer shall find in any building combustible or explosive matter or flammable conditions dangerous to the safety of such building or the occupants thereof he or they shall order such dangerous conditions or materials to be removed or remedied. 109. - The service of such orders as mentioned in Sections 104, 105, 106 and 107 may be made upon the occupant of the premises to whom it is directed, either by delivering a copy of same to such occupant personally or by delivering the same to and leaving it with any person in charge of the premises, or in case no such person is found upon the premises, by affixing a copy thereof in a conspicuous place on the door to the entrance of the said premises. Whenever it may be nec- essary to serve such an order upon the owner of premises such order may be served either by delivering to and leaving with the said person a copy of the said order, or, if such owner is absent from the juris- diction of the officer making the order, by mailing such copy to the owner's last known post office address. Any such order shall forthwith be complied with by the owner or occupant of such premises or building. If such order is made by the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention or one of the Inspectors, such owner or occupant may within twenty-four hours appeal to the Chief of the Fire Department, who shall, within five days, review such order and file his decision thereon, and unless by his authority the order is revoked or modified, it shall remain in full force and be complied with within the time fixed in said order or decision of the Chief of the Fire Department. After the expiration of the time fixed in said order for decision of the Chief of the Fire Department, until such order or decision has been complied with, it shall be unlawful for any person to use, occupy or to remain in any building or structure mentioned in said order or decision. 109. - The Bureau of Fire Prevention shall investigate the cause,origin and circumstances of every fire occurring in the city by which property has been destroyed or damaged and, so far as possible, shall determine whether the fire is the result of care- lessness or design. Such investigation shall be begun immediately upon the oocurance of such a fire by the Inspector in whose dis- trict the fire occurs, and if it appears to the officer making such an investigation, that such fire is of suspicious origin, the Chief of the Fire Department shall be immediately notified of the facts; he shall take charge immediatelyof the physical evidence, shall notify the proper authorities designated by law to pursue the investigation of such matters, and shall further co-operate with the authorities in the collection of evidence and in the prosecution of the case. Every fire shall be reported in writing to the Bureau of Fire Prevention within two days after the oocurance of the same, by the officer in whose jurisdiction such a fire has occurred. Such report shall be in such form as shall be prescribed by the Chief of the Fire Department, and shall contain a statement of all facts re- lating to the cause, origin and circumstances of such fire, and ex- tent of the damage thereof, and the insurance upon such property, and such other information as may be required. 110. - The City Attorney, or one of his assistants, upon request of the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention, shall assist the Inspectors in the investigation of any fire, which, in their opinion, is of suspicious origin. 111. - The Chief of the Fire Department or the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention, whenever in hie opinion further investigation is necessary, shall take, or cause to be taken, testimony on oath or affirmation of all persons supposed to be cognizant of any facts or to have means of knowledge in relation to the matter as to which an examination, as herein required to be made, and shall cause the same to be reduced to writing; and if he shall be of the opinion that there is evidence sufficient to charge any person with the crim of Arson, or with the attempt to commit the crime of Arson, or with conspiracy to defraud, or criminal conduct in connection with such fire, he shall cause such person to be lawfully arrested and charged with such offenses, or either of them, and shall furnish to the proper prosecuting attorp.ey all such evidence, together with the name of witnesses and all of the information obtained by him, including a copy of all pertinent and material testimony in the case. Such officer shall have the power to summon witnesses before him to testify in relation to any matter which is'by the provisions of this ordinance a subject of inquiry and in- vestigation, and may require the production of any book, paper or document pertinent thereto; and such officer is hereby authorized and empowered to administer oaths and affirmation to any person appearing as witness before him. 112. - Any witness who refuses to be sworn or who refuses to appear to testify, or who disobeys any lawful order of the Chief of the Fire Department or the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention, or who fails or refuses to produce any book, paper or document touching any matter under investigation, or who is guilty of any con- temptous conduct during any of the proceedings of the officer in the manner of s&id investigation or inquiry, after being summoned to give testimony in relation to any matter under investigation, as aforesaid, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and it shall be the duty of such officer to cause any such offense to be prosecuted and any person con- victed of such misdemeanor shall be fined in any sum not exceeding Two Hundred Dollars ($200.00) 3 { 113. - All investigations held by or under the direction of the Chief of the Fire Department or the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Pre- vention, may, at his discretion, be private, and persons other than those required to be present may be excluded from the place where such investigation is held, and the witnesses may be kept separate and apart from each other and not allowed to communicate with each other until they have been examined. That all processes shall be served by the Chief of Police or any police officer, or any officer designated by the Chief of the Fire Department. 114. - The Chief of the Fire Department shall keep, in the office of the Bureau of Fire Prevention, a record of all fires and of all the facts concerning the same, including statistics as to the extent of such fires and the damage caused thereby, and whether such losses were covered by insurance, and if so, in what amount. Such record shall be made daily from the reports made by the Inspectors under the provision of this ordinance. All such records shall be public. 115. - The annual report of the Bureau of Fire Prevention shall be made on or before the lat. day of March and transmitted to the City Council; it shall contain all proceedings under this ordinance, with such statistics as the Chief of the Fire Department may wish to include therein; 116. - Nothing contained in this ordinance shall be construed as applying to the transportation of any article or thing shipped in con- formity with the regulations prescribed by the Interstate Commerce Commission, nor as applying to the military or naval forces of the United States. 117. - The word "person" wherever used in this ordinance shall be construed to include person, persons, firm or corporation. 119. - "Approved" when applied to materials, type of construction and appliances refers to approval by the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention as a result of investigations and tests conducted by him or by reason of accepted principles or tests by the National Board of Fire Underwriters or the Underwriter's Laboratories, Inc., or the National Bureau of Standards. 119. - A permit is written authority of the Bureau of Fire Pre- vention, issued pursuant to this ordinance, to have, keep, store, use, manufacture, sell, handle and transport explosives, flammable materials and rubbish, as hereinafter defined, and to construct, operate or maintain establishments hereinafter specified. 120. - Whenever the Bureau of Fire Prevention shall reject or refuse to grant a permit, or when it is claimed that provisions of this ordinance or any ordinances relating thereto do not apply, or when it is claimed that the true intent and meaning of this ordinance or any regulations have been misconstrued or wrongly interpreted, and the permit applied for having been refused by the Bureau of Fire Prevention then the person may appeal from the decision of the Bureau of Fire Prevention, in writing, as outlined in Section. 108. 121. - In determining the flash point of flammable liquids, the Tag Closed Tester (standardized by the National Bureau of Standards) shall be authorative in case of dispute. All tests shall be made in accordance with the methods of tests as adopted by the American Society for Testing Materials. 122. - The Building Inspector, the Chief of the Fire Department and the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention shall act as a Committee on determination, and specify any new materials, processes, or occupancies, and trades which.shall require permits, in addition to those now enumerated in this ordinance. The Chief of the Bureau of of Fire Prevention shall post such list in a conspicuous place in his office and shall also maintain in his office details and desdriptive drawings showing approved and acceptable methods of storing, handling, or protecting such materials as shall be deemed as requiring a permit. 123. - The intent of this ordinance is to safeguard and restrict the storage, handling and use of dangerous and hazardous materials to a reasonable degree with respect to injury to persons and destruction of property. Installation, construction and safeguards shall be pro- vided in a standard modern and approved manner. Compliance with Standards of the National Board of Fire Underwriters shall be prima facie evidence of such approved manner. The Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention shall maintain a public file of the Standards of the National Board of Fire Underwriters, which shall be deemed as advisory requirements to this ordinance insofar as they can be applied to each particular installation for which a permit is required. 124. - The Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention shall have power to modify any of the provisions of this ordinance upon application in writing by the owner or lessee, or his duly authorized agent, when there are practical difficulties in the way of carrying out the strict letter of this ordinance, provided that the spirit of this ordinance shall be observed, public safety secured, and substantial justice done. The particulars of such modification when granted or allowed and the decision of the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention thereon shall be entered upon the records of the department and a signed copy shall be furnished the applicant. 125. - Before permits may be issued, the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention, or his assistants, shall inspect and approve the receptacles, vehicles, buildings or storage places to be used. 126. - All applications for permits required by this ordinance shall be made to the Bureau of Fire Prevention in such form and detail as it shall prescribe. 127. - (a) Every permit granted by the Bureau of Fire Prevention under the provisions of this ordinance shall be for such period as the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention may determine, not to exceed one year. Such permit must at all times be kept on the premises designated therein, and shall at all times be subject to inspection by any officer of the fire or police department. (b) One permit only shall be required by retail establish- ments dealing in, or manufacturing plants using, two or more flammable combustible or explosive materials to be kept in the establishment at any one time. 129. - Permits and Licenses required by this ordinance are for:- Transportation, Storage and use of Explosives .. . . . Sec. ?o/ Blasting .. . � . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . ... . . . . . . .. .2/0 Sale of Small ArmsAmmunition � .. . ... 3 al, Handling, Use or Display of Nitrocellulose Film .. . o/ Storage of Nitrocellulose Film ..... . .. . .. . . .... ... Oy Storing and Handling of Pyroxylin Plastic over 100lbs. 0Z Manufacture of Pyroxylin Plastic Articles .. ... . ... sow Calcium Carbide exceeding 100 lbs. .. .. . . .. . . . . . ... 701 Acetylene Generators exceeding 5 lb. capacity .. .., 7 0/ Compressed and Liquified Gases . . . .... . . . . . ... If0z Storage and Handling Class I Liquids .. . . .. .. . . . ... 9 0 Storage and Handling Class II Liquids . . . . . ... . . .. . 90 Storage and Handling Class III Liquids .. .. . . . .. ... y 0 Garages . � . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .. .. .. . 17 o/ Retail Dealer in Flammable Liquids .. . ........ ..... 0G Oil Refinery . . . . . ... . . . . . .. . y yi Painting, Including SprayingandDipping .. . . . . . .. . 1002.) Paint and Oil Dealer .. . .. . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .906 u f Jobber in Flammable Liquids ............................... Sec. 906 Manufacturing and Using Flammable Liquids ................0 906 Dry Cleaning .............................................. 1104 Refrigeration in Excess of 20 lbs. Refrigerant ............ 1501 Systems ................................................... 1501 Matches in Excess of 60 Matchmans Gross ..................• 1601 Automobile Wrecking and Junk Yard ......................... 1801 Automobile Tire Rebuilding Plant .......................... 1901 Tents .... .... ... 2309 License Required of Fire Extinguisher Salesmen ............ 2506 31.3rage of Packing Cases ...•.............................. 2707 129. - (a) It shall be the duty of the Chief of the Fire Department and/or the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention to aegairs superintendents, principals and teachers of public, private and parochial schools and educa- tional institutions to have one class or room and one assembly fire drill each month and to keep all doors and exits unlocked during school hours. Persons in charge of such public, private and parochial and educational in- stitutions shall file written reports with the Chief of the Fire Department and/or Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention at the end of each month or part thereof, that such school is in session, giving the time and date of each drill held during the month. 130. - Egress from buildings; gongs, bells or whistles; lights or signs. - Where deemed necessary by the Chief of the Fire Department and/or Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention, doors leading from schools, factories, workshops, asylums, department stores, hotels, rooming houses, or any public buildings now existing or which may hereafter exist and be operated, shall open outward and remain unlocked during working hours or during occupancy by persons in said premises, and the owners, proprietors or persons in charge of said premises shall install either gongs, bells or whistles and exit lights and/or signs within sight and/or hearing of all employees or occupants, so that, in case of fire, panic, or fire drill, all said employees or occupants must immediately leave the building upon the sounding of a fire alarm, in accordance with instructions issued by the Chief of the Fire Department and/ or Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention. 131. - Fire doors and shutters. - All fire doors or fire stop shutters designed, constructed and installed for the purpose of retarding fire in the City of Fort Worth shall at all times be kept shut or closed. No hooks, stops, pegs or other devices shall be allowed on such fire doors or shutters, that will interfere in any manner with their automatic operating in case of fire. 132. - References. - In general, the handling, storage and use of the flammable materials, explosives and other special hazards specifically men- tioned in this ordinance shall be in accordance with good standard practice. Compliance with the regulations of the National Board of Fire Underwriters listed below shall be construed to constitute good standard practice. (1) - In factories making articles of pyroxylin plastic, the storage, handling and use shall be in accordance with the National Board of Fire Underwriter's Pamphlet #42, dated December, 1940, and known as Standards of the National Board of Fire Underwriters for the Storage, Handling and Use of Pyroxylin Plastic in factories making articles therefrom as recommended by the National Fire Protkction Association. (2) - Warehouse and wholesale jobbing and Retail stores shall store and handle pyroxylin plastic in accordance with the National Board of Fire Underwriters Phamplet # 43, dated July, 1940 and known as Standards of the National Board of Fire Underwriters for Storage and Handling of Pyroxylin Plastic in Warehouses and Wholesale Jobbing and Retail Stcms as recommended by the National Fire Protection Association. (3) - All photographic and x-ray nito-cellulose films shall be stored and handled in accordance with the National Board of Fire Under- writers Phamplet # 41, dated July 15, 1930 and known as Regulations of the National Board of Fire Underwriters for the Storage and Handling of Photographic and X-Ray Nitrocellulose Films as recommended by the National Fire Protection Association, (4) - Installation and operation of Acetylene Equipment for Lighting, Heating and Cooking shall be in accordance with the National Board of Fire Underwriters Phamplet # 50, dated March 1, 1930 and known as Standards of the National Board of Fire Underwriters for the Installation and Operation of Acetylene Equipment for Lighting, Heating and Cooking. (5) -Installation and Operation of Gas Systems for welding and cutting shall be in accordance with the Standards of the National Board of Fire Underwriters for the Installation and Operation of Gas Systems for welding and cutting as recommended by the National Fire Protection Associatior (6)- Domestic type oil burning equipment used for heating and cooking shall be installed and maintained in accordance with the National Board of Fire Underwriters Phamplet # 310, dated November 15, 1937, and known as Regulations of the National Board of Fire Underwriters for the Installation, Maintenance and Use of Small Heating and Cooking Appliances (Kerosene and Fuel Oil) as recommended by the National Fire Protection Association. (7) - Containers for Storing and Handling Flammable Liquids shall be constructed, installed and maintained in accn rdance with the National Board of Fire Underwriters Phamplet # 30, dated October, 1941 and known as Btandards of the National Board of Fire Underwriters for the Installation of Containers for Storing and Handling Flammable Liomids. (S) - Oil burning equipment for installation in furnaces and boilers used for heating dwellings and for various commercial occupancies shall be installed and maintained in accordance with the National Board of Fire Underwriters Phamplet # 31, dated April, 1941, known as Standards of the National Board of Fire Underwriters for the Installation of Gil Burning Equipment as recommended by the National Fire Protection Association. (9) - Dip tanks containing flammable liquids shall be constructed and installed in accordance with the National Board of Fire Underwriters Phamplet # 34, dated May, 1941 and known as the Standards of the National Board of Fire Underwriters for Dip Tanks containing flammable liquids including Hardening and Tempering Tanks Flow Coat work as recommended by the National Fire Protection Association. (10) - The design, installation and construction of Japanning amd emameling drying ovens shall be in accordance with the National Board of Fire Underwriters Phamplet # 86 and known as Standards of the National Board of Fire Underwriters for ovens for Japan, Enamel and other Flammable Finishes as recommended by the National Fire Protection Associatior. (11) - Dry Cleaning and Dry Dyeing Plants shall be in accordance with the National Board of Fire Underwriters Phamplet # 32, dated February, 1944'and known as the Standards of the National Board of Fire Underwriters for Safeguarding Dry Cleaning and Dry Dyeing Plants as recommended by the National Fire Protection Association. (12) - Starch Factories, Terminal Grain Elevators, Fb ur and Feed Mills shall be constructed and operated and equipment shall be installed in accordance with the National Board of Fire Underwriters Phamplet #61, dated March, 1940 and known as the Standards of the National Board of Fire Underwriters for the prevention of Dust Explosions in Starch Factories, Terminal Grain Elevators, Flour and Feed Mills as recommended by the National Fire Protection Association. 7- a • • (13) — The Storage and Handling of Combustible Filres shall be in accordance with the National Board of Fire Underwriters Phamplet #44, dated September 1941 and known as the Standa4ds of the National Board of Fire Underwriters for the Storage and Handling of the Combustible Fibres as recommended by the National Fire Protection Association. (14) - Installation and Design of Mechanical Refrigeration Systems shall be in accordance with the American Standard Safety Code for Mechanical Refrigeration dated April 20, 1939 and approved by the American Standard's Association. (15) - Construction and Protection of Garage shall be in accordance with the National Board of Fire Underwriters Phamplet # 88, dated October 1932 and known as Recommended Good Practice Requirements of the National Board of Fire Underwriters for the Construction and Protection of Garages as recommended by the National Fire Protection Association. (16) - Any person, firm or corporation constructing an incin- erator or furnace to be used for such purposes shall do so in accordance with the National Board of Fire Underwriters Phamplet # 92, dated 1938 and known as Standards of the National Board of Fire Underwriters for Incinerators. (17) - Gas appliances shall be installed and connections made in accordance with the National Board of Fire Underwriters Phamplet # 54, dated September 1, 1943 and known as Standards of the National Board of Fire Underwrtters for the Installation, Maintalance and Use of Piping, Appliances and Fittings for City Gas as recommended by the National Fire Protection Association, CHAPTER II. 1XPLOSIVES 201. -.7The term "explosive" or "explosives" whenever used in this ordinance shall be held to mean and include any chemical compound or mechanical mixture, that is commonly used, or intended for the pur- pose of producing an explosion, that contains any oxidizing and com- bustible units, or other ingredients, in such proportion, quantities or packing that an ignition by fire, by friction, or concussion, by precussion, or by detonator of any part of the compound or mixture may cause such a sudden generation of highly heated gases that the resultant gaseous pressures are capable of producing destructive effects on contiguous objects or of destroying life or limb. 202. - Nothing in this part shall be held to mean and include any small arms ammunition or signal rockets, or devices or compositions used to obtain visible or audible pyrotechnic effects, which are covered in Chapter III, nor to include explosives in the forms pre- scribed in the official United States Pharmacopeia. 203. - It shall be unlawful for any person to manufacture any explosives, except that any explosives may be manufactured inthe lab- oratories in colleges and similar institutions for the purpose of in- vestigation and instruction. 204. - It shall be unlawful for any person to transport or carry any explosive in or upon any public oonveyeance which is carrying passengers for hire. 205. - It shall be unlawful for any person to have, keep, use, store or transport any explosives, except under permit therefor. 206. - It shall be unlawful for any person to have, keep, store, sell, offer for sale, give away, use, transport or manufacture any of the following explosives in any quantity; Liquid nitroglycerine; high explosives containing over 60 per cent of nitroglycerine (except gelatin dynamite); high explosives having an unsatisfactory absorbent or one that permits leakage of nitroglycerine under any conditions liable to exist during transportation or storage; nitrocellulose in a dry and uncompressed condition, in quantity greater than ten (10) pounds in one edterior package; fulminate of mercury in bulk in a dry condition; and fulminate of all other metals in any condition, except as a component of manufactured articles not hereinafter for- bidden; or explosives containing an ammonium salt and a chlorate. 207. - Every vehicle while carrying explosives shall havepainted on its front, sides and back, in easily legible letters at least four inches high, in contrasting colors, the word "EXPLOSIVES", or in lieu thereof shall display, in such manner that it will be visible from all directions, a red flag with the word "DANGER" printed, stamped or sewn thereon in white letters. Such flag shall be at least twenty- four inches square, and the letters thereof shall be at least six inches high. (a) It shall be unlawful for any person in charge of a vehicle containing such explosive to smoke in or upon such vehicle, to drive the vehicle while intoxicated, to drive the vehicle or to conduct himself in a careless or reckless manner, to load or unload such vehicle in a careless manner or while smoking or intoxicated. (b) It shall be unlawful for any person to place or carry in the bed or body, or cause to be placed or carried in the bed or body of any vehicle containing such explosives, any metal tool or other piece of metal, or any matches. (c) It shall be unlawful for any person t o place or carry or cause to be placed or carried, in any vehicle containing explosives, - E any exploders, detonators, blasting caps or other similar explosive material. (d) The permit for transporting explosives shall designate the time when, and may designate the route whereon the same may be transported. 208. - All explosives must `be stored in a magazine complying with the requirements of this ordinance, unless such explosives are being transported or used as prescribed and authorized by this ordinance; and an accurate record showing the disposition of each container or package of explosives stored, transported or used shall be kept, such record to be subject to inspection by the Bureau of Fire Prevention at all times. 209. - (a) All magazines in which permissible explosives are had, kept or stored, must be located at distances from neighboring buildings, highways and railroads in conformity with the American Quantity and Distance Table. Provided that on portable magazine containing not more than fifty (50) pounds of explosives may be allowed if placed on wheels and located not more than ten feet from, on the same floor with and directly opposite to the entrance on the floor nearest the street level, and one portable magsLlne containing not more than five thousand blasting caps, may be allowed if placed on wheels and located on the floor nearest the street level. (b) Blasting caps or detonators of any kind shall not be kept in the same magazine with other explosives. (o) All magednes must be kept locked except when being inspected or when explosives are being placed therein or being removed therefrom. (d) All magazines or places where explosives are stored must be kept clean and free from grit, rubbish and empty packages. (e) Magw.ines shall be made of fireproof material or wood covered with sheet iron and shall be conspicuously marked "MAGAZINE- EXPLOSIVES." 210. - Blasting:- No person shall blast or carry on any blasting operations without first having obtained a permit from the Bureau of Fire Prevention. The applicant for such permit must file a bond with the Building Commissioner of the City of Fort Worth, which is deemed adequate in each case and which bond shall become available in the payment of any damage arising from the neglect of the contractor or his agents or employees. No permit shall be issued unless a bond com- plying with the Building Code has been obtained. /D• CHAPTER III PYROTECHNICS AND SUALL ARMS AMMUNITION 301. - Pyrotechnics whenever used in-this ordinance shall be held to mean any sparkler, squib, rocket, firecracker, roman candle, signal lights, railroad track torpedo, flashlight composition, fireworks or other devices or composition used to obtain visible or audible pyro- technic display, and shall include fire ballons, that is ballmns of a type which have burning material of any kind attached thereto. 302. - No person shall have, keep, store, use, manufacture, sell, handle or transport any pyrotechti.cs; provided, however, (a) That nothing in this ordinance shall be held to apply to the possession or use of signaling devices for current daily con- sumption by railroads, vessels and others requiring them. (b) That nothing in this ordinance shall be held to apply to the possession, sale or use of normal stocks of flashlight com- positions by photographers or dealers in photographic supplies. 303. - Small arms ammunition whenever used in this ordinance shall be held to mean any shotgun, rifle, pistol or revolver cart- ridges. 304. - No person shall manufacture within the limits of the city any small arms ammunition. This shall not be construed as prohibiting the hand-loading of small arms ammunition for private use and not for resale. 305. - No person shall store for sale, sell or offer for sale any small arms ammunition without a permit. CHAPTER IV NITRO-CF,LLULOSL MOTION PICTURE FILM 401. - It shall be unlawful for any person, firm or corporation to sell any toy or miniature motion picture machine containing nitro- , cellulose motion picture film, or to sell, lease or otherwise dispose of any nitro-cellulose motion picture films to any person not having a permit to handle, use or display such film. 402. - A permit shall be required for the storage of nitro-cellulose motion picture film in quantities greater than five reels, or aggregating more than 25 pounds in weight. No permit shall be issued for any building unless the rooms in which film is handled or stored are protected by automatic sprinklers; provided that this does not include projection booths covered in Section 405. 403. - Storage. - Nitro-cellulose motion picture film in other than the original shipping cases conforming to Interstate Commerce Commission regulations, in amounts in excess of 25 pounds but not in excess of 1000 pounds shall be kept in approved cabinets if not in vaults; amounts in excess of 1000 pounds shall be kept in vaults, 404. - Film Cabinets and Vaults. - (a) Cabinets shall be of approved construction and shall not have a capacity in excess of 375 pounds of film. (b) Cabinets having a Oapacity of over 50 pounds of film shall be provided with a vent from each compartment to the outside of the building. The vent shall have a minimum effective sectional area of 14 square inches per 100 pounds of film capacity. (c) Cabinets holding over 75 pounds of film shall be provided with at least one automaticsprinkler; provided that a cabinet constructed so that each roll is in a separate compartment and will burn out without communicating fire to film in any other compartment, need not be provided with an automatic sprinkler. (d) Film vaults shall be constructed, vented and sprinklered in accordance with the requirements for standard film vaults and in a manner satisfactory to the Bureau of Fire Pregention. 405. - Every motion picture machine using inflammable films together with all electrical devices used in connection therewith and all such film present in the motion picture theatre or the place of public assemblage shall be enclosed in a booth large enough to permit the operator to work freely on either side or in back of the machine and shall not be less than 7 feet high. Not less than 48 square feet of floor area shall be provided for one machine with an additional 24 square feet for each additional machine. The booth shall be constructed entirely of incombustible materials as provided by the Fort .:orth Building Code. (a) Each booth shall be provided with at least two entrance or escape doors, each of which shall be not less than 2 feet by 6 feet in size and so located as to be remote from one another as practical. These doors shall be of incombustible material and shall be arranged so as to close automatically and shall be kept closed at all times wen not being used for egress or ingress. (b) Two orifices or openings for each picture machirs may be provided; one for the operator's view shall be not larger than 200 square inches, and the other thru which the picture is projected shall be not larger than 120 square inches . here separate stereopticon, spot or flood light machines are installed in the same booth with picture machines, not more than one opening for each machine shall be provided for both the oper- ator's view and for the projection of the light, but two or more machines may be operated through the same openings; such openings shall be as small as practicable and shall be capable of being protected by approved automatic � j a shutters. Each opening shall be provided with a gravity shutter of approved fireproof material. Each shutter shall have a fusible link above it, and there shall also be one located over each upper pro- jector magazine which, upon operating will close all the shutters. There shall also be provided suitable means for manually closing all shutters simultaneously from a point near the door. Shutters on openings not in use shall be kept closed. (c) All shelves, furniture and fixtures within the booth shall be constructed of incombustible material, and no combustible material of any sort whatever shall be permitted or allowed to kks be within such booth, except the films used in the operation of the machine, and film cmment. (d) Ventilation shall be provided by one or more mechani- cal exhaust systems which shall draw air from each arc lamp housing and from one or more points near the ceiling. Systems shall exhaust to outdoors either directly or through a non-combustible flue used for no other purpose, yxhaust capacity shall be not less than 15 nor more than 0 cubic feet per minute for each arc lamp plus a minimum of 200 cubic feet per minute for the room itself. Exhaust ducts shall be of non-combustible material, and shall either be kept 1 inch from combustible material or covered with J inch of non-combustible heat insulating material. (e) An approved film cabinet shall be provided in pro- jection booths where the amount of film exceeds 40 pounds (8000 feet of 35 mm, film). All film not being used shall be kept in the cabinet or in Interstate Commerce Commission shipping containers, but not over 40 pounds of film shall be permitted to remain in the shipping containers. (f) In motion picture theatres where shows are continuous for a period of more than three hours, and where only one operator is on duty at one time, the booth shall have a water closet and lavatory. CHAPTER V PYROXYLIN PLASTID 501. - The term "Pyroxylin Plastic" as used in this ordinance shall be held to mean and included any plastic substance, material or compound, other than nitrocellulose film as provided for in the film storage regulations, having soluble cotton or similar nitro- cellulose as a base, including celluloid, fiberloid, pyralin, viscoloid, zylonite and similar products, materials and compounds by whatever name known, when in the form of blocks, slabs, sheets, tubes or fab- ricated shapes. 502. - All retailers, jobbers and wholesalers storing or handling more than 100 pounds of pyroxylin plastic shall obtain a permit; a permit shall also be required for the manufacture of articles of pyr- oxylin plastic, which shall include the use of pyroxylin plastic in the manufacture or assembling of other articles, 503. - All display of pyroxylin plastic articles in stores shall be in show cases or show windoww except as permitted below, (a) Articles may be placed on tables but no table shall be over 3 feet wide and 10 feet long, and tables shall be spaced at least 3 feet apart, where articles are displayed on counters, they shall be arranged in like manner. (b) Spaces underneath tables shall be kept free of storage of any kind and of accumulations of paper, refuse and other combustible material. (c) Sales or display tables shall be so located that in the event of fire at that table, the table will not interfere with free exit from the room, in at least one direction. (d) Electric or gas mantle light shall not be directly above any pyroxylin plastic material, unless provided with a suitable guard to prevent heated particles falling. 504. - All new and existing buildings shall have all parts of the building used for the manufacture or storage of aticles of pyro- xylin plastic equipped with an approved system of automatic sprinklers. 505. - All raw pyroxylin plastic- material in factory buildings shall be kept as follows: (a) Where raw materials in excess of 25 pounds is received in any building or fire area, an approved vented cabinet or vented and sprinklered vault shall be provided for the storage of the material. (b) Not more than 1,000 pounds of'raw material may be stored in cabinets in any one workroom, but not more than 500 pounds in any one cabinet, nor more than 250 pounds in one compartment (c) All raw material in excess of that permitted above must be kept in vented vaults not exceeding 1500 cubic feet capacity and with one automatic sprinkler head to each 125 cubic feet of total vault space and with construction and venting in conformity with standard practice for such use and satisfactory to the Bureau of Fire Prevention, 506. - In factories manufacturing articles of pyroxylin plastics such sprinklere.d and vented cabinets, vaults or storage rooms shall be provided a& mar be necessary to prevent the accumulations in work rooms, of raw stock, stock in process or finished articles. Such cabinets, vaults or rooms shall be of such size, number, arrangement and location as We.Cj�fied by the Bureau of Fire Prevention, ah.- /. 507. - In the work rooms of pyroxylin plastic factories, operators shall not be stationed closer together than 3 feet, and the amount of materials per operator shall not exceed one-half day's supply and shall be limited to the capacity of three tote-boxes including material awaiting removal or use. 509- - All waste materials such as shavings, chips, turnings, sawdust, edgings and trimmings shall be kept under water in a metal receptable until removed from the premises. 509. - No pyroxylin plastic shall be stored within 2 feet of steam pipes, radiators, chimneys, etc. Smoking is hereby prohibited in any establishment storing or handling groxylin plastic and prominent "No Smoking" signs shall be posted. Fire extinguishers, fire pails and other fire protection equipment deemed necessary by the Bureau of Fire Prevention shall be 'provided. CHAPTER VI PHOTOGRAPHIC AND X-RAY NITRC4CELLULOSE FILM 601. - In hospitals and similar institutions, doctor's offices and x-ray laboratories, all unexposed nitrocellulose photographic and x-ray film, unless in unopened I.C.C. shipping containers, shall be stored in cabinets or vaults, as outlined below; all exposed nitro- cellulose photographic and x-ray film shall be kept in outside storage houses, except that not more than 500 pounds may be kept in approved cabinets within the building, constructed as outlined below. 602. - In portrait and commercial studios, all exposed nitro- cellulose photographic and x-ray film shall be stored in cabinets, vaults or outside storage houses, as outlined below; storage of un- exposed film in excess of 50 cubic feet,, unless in unopened I.C.C. shipping containers, shall be in a room equipped with automatic sprinklers. 603. - Cabinets. (a) Cabinets shall be of approved insulated construction and shall not exceed 10 cubic feet capacity. (b) Cabinets shall be equipped with at least one automatic sprinkler in each compartment unless specifically approved for use without automatic sprinklers. (c) Each cabinet shall be provided with a vent to the outside of the building. The vent shall be so constructed or pro- tected by a substantial metal grid as to prevent stoppage of vent in case of combustion or decomposition of film contents. For-t a cabinet having 10 cubic feet inside volume the vent area shall be not less than 56 square inches. For smaller cabinets the vent area shall be proportional except that no cabinets shall have a vent area of less than 14 square inches. (d) Vent flues inside the building shall be of a con- struction equivalent to No. 19 U1:S. Gauge metal covered with one inch of heat insulating material. 604. - Vaults and Outisde Storage Houses. Vaults and outside Storage houses shall be sprinklered and vented and in strict accordance with the standard requirements for vaults or for outside storage house, and satisfactory to the Bureau of Fire Prevention; provided, however, that outside storage houses which are not within 100 feet of any other building are not required to have automatic sprinkler protection. 605. - All wiring and electrical equipment in rooms or vaults where film is stored shall conform to the National Electrical Code; only incandescent electric lights shall be permitted and in vaults these shall be protected by wire guards, vapor-proof globes or both. Portable or extension cords shall not be used in any storage vault. 606. - Smoking shall be prohibited in rooms where film is stored or in developing or similar work rooms. Conspicuous "No Smoking" signs shall be posted in prominent places. 607. - No film shall be stored within 2 feet of steam pipes, radiators, chimneys or other sources of heat. 605. - Fire pails or extinguishers shall be provided as required by the Bureau,of Fire Prevention. CHAPTER VI I CALCIUM CARBIDE AND ACETYLENE 701. - No person shall store or keep calcium carbide in excess of one hundred pounds, nor operate an acetylene generator having a car- bide capacity exceeding five pounds, without a permit. Acetylene generators shall be of approved type. 702. - Calcium carbide in excess of 600 pounds but not in excess of 5,000 pounds, may be stored in separate room or compartment inside a one-story building containing other occupancy, provided that such room or compartment is separated by a fire resistive partition from other parts of the building, and without cellar or basement underneath such carbide storage section. This room or compartment may also be used for storage of fuel gas cylinders. Adequate ventilation shall be provided. 703. - Not to exceed 5,000 pounds of calcium carbide may also be stored within an inside generator room or compartment of construction as above mentioned when such generator room or compartment is located in a one-story building without cellar or basement underneath the generator section. Such generator room or compartment may also be used for the storage of fuel gas cylinders. 704. - Calcium carbide in excess of 5,000 pounds shall be stored above ground in one-story buildings without cellar or basement, and msed for nol other purpose, except the storage of flel gas cylinders, or an outside generator house. Location of such storage buildings shall be outside con- gested mercantile and manufacturing districts. Construction used shall be such as to ensure a dry, water-proof building. Adequate ventilation shall be provided. If storage building is of incombustible construction, it may adjoin other one-story buildings if separated therefrom by un- pierced fire walls. If detached less than 10 feet from such building or buildings, there shall be no opening in any of the mutually ex- posing sides of such buildings within said distance. If the storage building is of combustible construction, it shall not be within twenty (20) feet of any other one- or two- story building, nor within thirty (30) feet of any other building exceeding two stories. 705. - Stationary generators shall be installed either in an outdoor, underground pit, or in a well ventilated fire-resistive outbuilding, the size of which shall not exceed that required to allow free operation of the apparatus and the storage of the necessary carbide; provided that such generators may be installed inside buildings if within a well ventilated, fire-resistive enclosure either a one- stpry building or on the top floor of a multi-storied building. 706. - Portable generators shall not be used inside buildings except in rooms of total volume at least 35 times the nominal _ aggregate gas-generating capacity of the unit or units used therein. -.ad 17 a CHAPTER VIII COMPRESSED AND LIQUEFIED GASES OTHER THAN ACETYLENE 801. - Application. - The provisions of this Chapter apply to the use, storage and handling of compressed or liquefied petroleum or other flammable gases except acetylene. (b) This ordinance shall be construed to be supplemental to the laws of the State of Texas and of the regulations of the Railroad Commission of the State of Texas applying to Liquefied Petroleum Gases as now or hereafter existent or promulgated in con- formity with the laws of the State. 902. - Permit for liquefied petroleum tank trucks: application therefor. - Any person desiring -to haul or transport any Liquefied Petroleum Gas or operate any vehicle or equipment for hauling or transporting such gases upon or over any premises or upon any public way within the corporate limits of the city shall before doing so, make application for a permit therefor at the office of the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention. A separate application shall be made for each vehicle to be used for hauling or transporting Liquefied Petroleum Gases. The Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention shall check each application and the proposed vehicle and container. If found to be in conformity with this ordinance the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention shall cause a permit to be issued for each approved vehicle. Said permits shall be valid for the period of one (1) year. It shall be the duty of each applicant after the one (1) year period has expired to renew each application annually and obtain new permits each year. The application blanks to be filled out shall contain the following information to;dwit: (a) Name and address of applicant. (b) Location of premises where vehicle will be kept over- night or when not in use. (c) Description and maximum quantities of Liquefied Pet- roleum Gases to be stored or retained on each such vehicle, as determined by the maximum water gallon capacity of the respective vehicle. (d) Description of the type vehicle to be used for hauling Liquefied Petroleum Gases, including license and motor number. (e) Pressure at which safety relief Al.ve is set to dis- charge. (f) Such other information as may be required by the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention. In addition to the above, a copy of the information re- quired to be submitted to the Railroad Commission shall be filed with the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention within ten (10) days after the vehicle is placed in operation. 503. - Odorizing Gases. - All compressed or liquefied gases shall be effectively odorized by an approved agent of such charagter as to postively indicate the presence of gas down to concentrations in air of not over one-fifth the lower limit of flammability. 904. - Construction of Containers. - (a) Containers for compressed or liquefied gases shall be off. construed in accordance with the Unfired Pressure Vessel Code (except U2 to U10 and U19) of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers or shall comply with the regulations of the Interstate Commerce Commission. All containers shall bear a marking indicating that they have been suitably tested. (b) Containers shall be designed for a working pressure not less than the vapor pressure of the stored product at 100 degrees F. No container shall have a shell or head thickness less than 3/16 inch. (c) Containers other than those conforming to the Interstate Commerce Commission Regulations shall be marked with the design working pressure in pounds per square inch, and no material of greater vapor pressure at 100 degrees F. than the design working pressure shall be placed or kept therein. (d) No liquid storage container shall exceed 30,000 gallons water capacity. 90% - Tanks and storage. - (a) All tanks, containers and appurt- enant equipment installed for use within the corporate limits of the city for the purpose of providing Liquefied Petroleum Gas for industrial, commercialaand domestic uses shall be designed, constructed, equipped and installed in a manner as required by the laws of the State of Texas and all special regulations of the Railroad Commission as now or here- after promulgated in conformity with the laws of the State. Such con- tainers shall be equipped with suitable excess flow valves, necessary pressure regulator and shall be suitably protected against corrosion. (b) Tanks, containers and first-stage regulating equipment for Liquefied Petroleum Gases shall not be installed or used within the corporate limits of the city except upon compliance with the require- ments set out in the table below for minimum distance that shall be maintained between said containers and enclosed structures of property lines. M INIULM HORIZONTAL DISTANCE FROM ANY ENCLOSLD STRUCTURE OR PROPERTY LINE TO TANKS OR CONTAINERS Approved ,Approved Approved Interstate 0 to 500 501 to 1000 Commerce Water Gallon Water Gallon Commission Capacity Capacity Containers Containers Containers Fire Limits No. 1 1 ft. Not permitted Not permitted Fire Limits No. 2 1 ft. 25 ft. 50 ft. Other Ardas 1 ft. 10 ft. 25 ft. Containers shall not be placed closer than twenty-five (25) feet from basements or other structures which extend to below ground level. (c) Containers larger than one thousand (1,000) water gallon capacity shall not be erected, installed or used unless a special per- mit, authorized by resolution of the City Council has been issued by the Buil3i.ng Inspector with the approval of the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention after careful investigation of the proposed install- ation considering possible hazards to life and contiguous property. (d) Tanks and containers shall not be placed in service or filled upon the premises of the ultimate user, or when placed underground, tanks shall not be covered over, until the work of installation has been inspected by the Building Inspector and the workapproved and a label of such approval attached or affixed there- on by the Building Inspector, nor shall such containers be refilled thereafter unless they bear such a label of approval dated not more than five (5) years prior to the time of said refilling, provided, however, that where Interstate Commerce Commission bottles are used the empty bottles may be replaced by full bottles if the system bears such a label of approval. The Building Inspector is hereby authorized safeeattachtth y existing elnofalation and if found to be reasonably approval dating from the date the i9 container was installed and approved by the Building Inspector. Con- tainers which have not been approved shall not be labeled. (e) Underground tanks shall be emptied before being dug up or uncovered and shall be filled once with water before they are moved or worked on and this work shall not be done by persons other than those authorized by license. (f) Adjustments, changes or alterations in the accessories, devices, regulators and safety devices of Liquefied Petroleum Gas Containers shall not be made except by persons licensed to do such work. (g) No Liquefied Petroleum Gas sahll be stored or retained inside of any structure within the city except that Interstate Commerce Commission approved containers in sizes of sixteen (16) pounda of gas or less may be used inside of buildings by obtaining written permission from the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention and Interstate Commerce Commission containers in sizes of one hundred (100) pounds of gas or less may be used for outting metals when used inside buildings and under conditions approved by the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention. 906. - Installation of containers. - (a) Containers installed above-ground shall be properly supported with anchorage which will permit thermal expansion. Structural metal supports shall be properly fire-proofed except that unprotected structural steel supports resting on concrete pads or footings may be used under either of the following conditions. (1) The container has a water capacity of not over 600 gallons and the distance from its bottom to the ground does not exceed 24 inches. (2) The container is in an isolated location and the dis- tance from its bottom to the ground does not exceed 5 feet-. (b) Containers buried underground shall be so placed that the top of container is below the established frost line and in no case less than 2 feet below the surface. Where necessary to prevent floating containers shall be securely anchored or weighted. They shall be coated with a suitable protective material to prevent corrosion. (c) Containers once installed underground shall not be re- installed above-ground or underground unless they successfully with- stand a hydrostatic retest of one and one-half times the design working pressure, and show no evidence of detrimental corrosion. 507. - Valves and Accessories. - (a) Valves, regulating, gauging and other necessary equipment shall be protected against tempering and mechanical damage in an approved manner. (b) All connections to containers, except gauge connections and safety relief connections, shall be provided with approved shut- off valves close to the container. (c) Valves in the assembly of systems using two or more cylinders or drums shall so be arranged that the change of cylinders or drums may be made without shutting down the system. (d) when cylinders or drums are not in use, outlet valves shall be kept tightly closed even though cylinders may be considered empty. (e) Approved gauging devices shall be employed on all storage containers other than cylinders and drums. 909. - Dikes. - The Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention, where the slope of the ground or other local conditions would permit above ground containers, in case of rupture or overflow, to endanger adjacent property, shall require such container to be surrounded by a dikeof such capacity as ma be considered necessary but not more than the capacity of the con ainer. .16 1 fI w `� • ♦ I w 909. - Pipes, Pipe Fittings.. - Piping, pipe fittings, appliances and other equipment designed or intended for the distribution and utilization of Liquefied Petroleum Gases for domestic and small commercial use shall not be installed, repaired, extended or altered except that it be made to comply with the following requirements: (a) All piping, appliances and equipement shall be installed- in full compliance with the ordinances of the city regulating install- ations for natural gas except where otherwise specifically required by this ordinance and by the regulations of the Railroad Commission. A master cut-off valve painted red shall be readily accessible to firemen in case of fire. (b) Liquefied Petroleum Gas at pressures in excess of one (1) pound per square inch shall not be permitted inside buildings without specific approval of the Building Inspector and the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention. (c) Piping shall be wrought iron, steel, brass, or copper pipe; or approved seamless copper, brass or other approved non-ferrous tubing. All piping for conveying gas or liquid shall be suitable for a safe working pressure of not less than 125 pounds. All piping for conveying gas or liquid shall be tested and proven free from leaks at not less than normal operating pressure. (d) In any system in which compressed gas in liquid form without pressure reduction enters the building only heavy walled seam- less brass or copper tubing shall be used, with an internal diameter not greater than 3/32-inch, and a wall thickness not less than 3/64- inch provided that this requirement shall not apply to commercial gas plants, bulk station where cylinders, drums or tank trucks are filled, nor to industrial vaporizer buildings. (e) Joints in wrought iron and steel piping shall be of' welded construction, or shall be made with fittings capable of with- standing a pressure of at least 125 pounds persquare inch for pressures of 125 pounds per square inch or less; extra heavy fittings shall be used for pressures exceeding 125 pounds per square inch. Cast-iron fittings shall not be used. Joints on brass or copper pipe, or approved seamless copper, brass or other approved non-ferrous tubing shall be by means of approved fittings. (f) Piping shall be run as directly as practicable; pro- vision shall be made for expansion, contraction, jarring and vibration and for settling of container. At points where piping passes through outside walls below ground level, suitable provision shall be made to insure substantial gas tightness. (g) Piping outside buildings shall be protected against mechanical injury. Underground piping shall be buried below the established frostline. (h) when an existing natural gas piping system is to used for Liquefied Petroleum Gases all piping of the existing system shall be removed, checked and reinstalled in the manner described for new Liquefied Petroleum Gas installations. (i) All appliances used with Liquefied Petroleum Gases shall be adapted for use with the particular mixture of Liquefied Petroleum Gases normally supplied to the piping systems. Automatic appliances having a pilot light shall have an approved automatic safety cut-off. (j) Floor furnaces shall not be permitted on Liquefied Pet- roleum Gas Systems. (k) Liquefied Petroleum Gas piping, appliances and equipment shall not be permitted in basements or pits or in any other low place where such gas can collect to form a dangerous flammable mixture. e2/• (1) Houses having continuous foundations shall have suitable vents from under such house if Liquefied Petroleum Gas piping is in- stalled under said house. (m) Rubber or leather including rubber hose shall not be used where in any manner exposed to the solvent action of Liquefied Petroleum Gases. 810. - Filling Connections. - (a) The filling pipe inlet terminal shall not be located inside a building. It shall be protected in a substantial manner against mechanical injury and tampering by unauthorized persons. Filling pipe inlet terminals on containers other than those conforming to Interstate Commerce Commission Regulations shall be located not less than 10 feet from any building and where practicable not less than 5 feet from any driveway and shall be kept locked when not in use. (b) All containers, other than those complying. with the Inter- state Commerce Commission Regulations shall have all canections, except relief connections, equipped with approved automatic excess flow valves, provided, however, that fill connections shall be equipped with approved back-pressure check valves, to prevent discharge of contents in case connections are broken. These excess flow and bank-pressure check valves shall be located inside of the container or at a point outside where the line enters the containers; in the latter case, installation shall be made in such a manner that any undue strain beyond the excess flow or back-pressure valve will not cause breakage between the container and such valve. Gauging devices which do not involve the flow of liquid or which are so constructed that outward flow of container contents shall not exceed that passed by a No. 54 drill size deed not be equipped with excess flow valves. 811. - Safety Devices. - (a) Every container other than those complying with Interstate Commerce Commission Regulations and every vaporizer other than those of less than one quart total capacity not heated by artificial means and those arranged so the liquid therein can pass back to the originating container at all times without hindrance, shall be provided with approved safety relief valves which cannot be shut off by stop valves. Relief valve discharge shall start at a pressure not more than 125 per cent of the designed working pressure. Safety relief valves shall have a free discharge area not less than as specified in the Standards of the National Board of Fire Underwriters for the Design, Installation and Construction of Containers and Pertinent Equipment for the Storage and Handling of Liquefied Petroleum Gases. (b) The discharge from safety reliefs shall be outside of buildings and not less than 5 feet away from any opening in any building which is below the level of such discharge. 912. - Vaporizing and Housin . - (a) In domestic installations no liquid or gas shall be led into the building at a pressure exceeding 20 pounds gauge. The initial pressure reducing device shall be in- stalled outside of building, except in the case of a vaporizing house. (b) The vaporizer shall be located outside of buildings except those buildings devoted exclusively to gas manufacturing and distribution operations, but may be located in a house or shed of fireproof construction, well ventilated from points near the floor and roof; provided that on systems utilizing vaporization supplied without artificial means, vapor- izers may be installed in buildings, if such vaporizers are of not more than one quart capacity and are located close to point at which pipe to vaporizer enters building. (c) Where a device is employed for premixing the gas with air, such device shall be provided with means for automatically shutting off the gas mixing device before a combustible mixture is generated, except where combustible mixtures are desired and generated in which case flame arrestors shall be installed. � r 513. - Electrical Installations and Open Flames. - (a) In the immediate vicinity of storage containers, in vaporizer or pump houses, in cylinder filling plants, in gas plants, and similar locations where liquefied gases are in liquid form in large quantities, all electrical installations shall be in strict accordance with the requirements of the National Electrical Code for Class I hazardous locations. (b) No artificial light involving flames or sparks, shall be used in the vicinity of container charging operations. Approved explosion-proof flashlights may be employed. 814. - Filling Densities. - The total amount of liquefied gas, by weight, shall be limited to the following percentages of the weight of the water capacity of the container, depending upon the specific gravity at 60 degrees Fahrenheit of the liquids; For 0,400 specific gravity, 32 per cent for aboveground and 35 per cent for underground; for 0,500 specific gravity, 41 per cent for aboveground and 45 per cent for mnderground; for 0.600 specific gravity, 53 per cent for aboveground and 56 per cent for underground, and for intermediate or higher specific gravities, corresponding percentages, but in no case shall the amount of liquid be such as to fill the container at a temperature of 130 degrees Fahrenheit for aboveground and 105 degrees Fahrenheit for underground.. 515. - Transfer of Liquid. - All transfer of liquid or gases shall be by approved piping or hose, tested to 5 times the designed working pressure. All connections shall be free from leaks. 916. - Permit for li uefied p2troleum. gas tank trucks. - (a) All containers for hauling or transporting Liquefied Petroleum Gases upon or over any premises or upon any public way within the corporate limits of the city shall be designed, constructed and operated in a manner as required by the laws of the State of Texas and all special regulations of the Railroad Commission as now or hereafter promulgated in conformity with the laws of the State. (b) All vehicles, tanks or containers for transporting Liquefied Petroleum Gases shall be kept in good condition at all times and if found in use when in a hazardous condition or in need of repair, said use and condition shall constitute prima facie evidence of a violation of this ordinance. (c) Vehicles for hauling or transporting Liquefied Petroleum Gases shall not be driven into the area bounded by the following streets; (Refer to the Butane Ordinance) nor shall such vehicle be parked or left overnight upon any public street or public way of the city. (d) Vehicles for hauling or transporting Liquefied Petroleum Gases shall not be used or driven within the corporate limits of the city unless a label of approval has been attached or affixed thereon by the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention, except that vehicles operating under license or jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission may be driven through the city without first securing a permit, but said vehicles shall not distribute or discharge any gas within the city unless a permit is obtained. 817. - Tank Trucks and Trailers 00onstruction) - Tank trucks and trailers shall be constructed as described in Secion 804. Piping, safety devices, filling and �the loading and unloading of tank trucks and trailers shall be as specified'fpr containers. Pumps of suitable design and properly protected may be mounted upon trucks and trailers and may be driven by the truck motor power take-off or other suitable means. The pumps, except constant speed centrifugal pumps, shall be equipped with suitable pressure actuated by-pass valves permitting flow from pump discharge to pump suction when the pump discharge pressure rises above a predetermined point. .U. Every tank truck and trailer shall be provided with properly attached steel bumpers or chassis extension at the rear which shall be so arranged as to adequately protect the tank, piping, valves and fittings in case of colli sion. Railroad cars and trucks and trailers transporting Liquefied Petroleum Gases in bulk shall not be loaded orunloaded within the corporate limits of the city except at locations and with equipment approved by resolution of the City Council upon recommendations of the Building Inspector and the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention. CHAPTER IX FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS 901. - Application to New and Existing Installations Etc. - The provisions of this Chapter apply to all new plants, stores, equipments and installations; and, except as otherwise specified, to existing plants, stores, equipments, and installations which constitute a distinct hazard to adjoining property, in so far as the intent of the sections can be reasonably fulfilled. 902. - Classification of Flammable Liquids. - For the purpose of this ordinance, flammable liquids are divided into three classes, according to the flash point, as follows: Class I. Liquids with flash point below 25 degrees Fahrenheit (-4 degrees Centigrade) closed cup tester. Class II. Liquids with flash point above that for Class I and below 70 degrees Fahrenheit (21 degrees Centigrade) closed cup tester. Class III. Liquids with flash point above that for Class II and below 200 degrees Fahrenheit (93.3 degrees Centrigrade) closed cup tester. Representative examples of the classes of flammable liquids are: Class I Class II Class III Ether Alcohol Kerosene Gasoline Amyl Acetate Amyl Alcohol Naptha Toluol Turpentine Benzol Ethyl Acetate Fuel Oil Collodion Methyl Acetate Acetone 903. - Manufactured Liquid Commodities Included, - Any manufactured liquid or fluid commodity, such as paint, varnish, dryer, cleaning solution and polishing liquid which contains flammable liquids shall be considered a flammable liquid and shall be classified by Section 902 according to the flash point of the mixture. 904. - Permits Required. - Except as specified in Section 905, a permit (which shall be for one or more of the following subdivisions) shall be obtained. (a) For the storage or handling of a total quantity of Class I liquids in excess of oxie gallon in any dwelling, apartment house or tenement, and in excess of five gallons in any other building, and in excess of ten gallons outside of any building, (b) For the storage- or handling of a total quantity of Class II liquids in excess of five gallons in any dwelling, apartment house or tenement, and in excess of ten gallons in any other building, and in excess of twenty-five gallons outside of any building. (c) For the storage or handling of a total quantity of Class III liquids in excess of twenty-five gallons inside any building, and in excess of fifty-five gallons outside of any building. 905. - Owner or Agent May Use Certain Flammable Liquids Without Permit. Unless a storage of quantities in excess of those given in Section 90 is to be maintained for at least thirty (30) days, nothing in this ordinance shall require an owner or occupant or his agent to obtain a permit for the use of, nor does it prohibit the use by him, of paints, oils, varnishes and similar flammable fixtures. 1 906. - Permits for Different Occupations. - All permits shall state the nature of the business of the applicant, the maximum quantity of each class of liquid to be kept, and the location of the storage. Permits shall be listed as follows: Garage Permit (with or without storage) Storage Permit Retail Dealer's Permit Painter's Permit, including Spray Painting Paint and Oil Dealer's Permit Jobber's Permit Manufacturer's Permit Dry Cleaner's Permit 907. - Inspection Required Before Covering Installation. - Before any installation is covered from sight, a notification in writing shall be given the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention, who shall, within 49 hours after the receipt of such notification, inspect the installation and give his written approval or disapproval. .Upon failure of the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention to inspect within the specified time, the installation may be covered but shall be subject to inspection by the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention at the expense of the City. 909. - Hazardous Heatin and Lighting Appliances May be Prohibited.- The Chief of the Bureau of Fire Frevention may prohibit the ube of any type, kind or make of heating or lighting appliances using flammable liquids which has not been tested by him or some competent authority and found to be properly safeguarded, or which is not installed so as to provide reasonable protection against life or propert*. 909. - Class I and II Liquids Prohibited in Places of Public AssemblyT No Class I nor Class II liquids shall be kept or stored in any sHhool- house, religous, amusement or other building used for public assemblage, except in laboratories for experimental purposes. 910. - Storage of Class I and II Liquids Near Exits, Etc. - .Except in sealed containers, no Class I or Class II liquids may be stored within 10 feet of any stairway, elevator or exit except when in a space separated from the stairway, elevator or exit by a fire-resistive partition. 911. - Two Exits Reouired in Stores and Jobber's Plants. - In all stores and in all jobber s and manufacturing plants n which flammable liquids are stored, at least two exits shall be provided, one of which shall be remote from the point of storage. $12. - Handling Li-mited in Buildings Occupied by Families. - TUe mixing, storing or handling of flammable liquids of Class I and Class II in open containers is prohibited in any store in any building housing more than two families or in a frame building housing more than one family, provided that this shall not apply to drug stores where flammable liquids are used in making and compounding medicines and prescriptions. 913. - Storage Li.nitad in Frame and Ot3er Buildings Not so Used Prior to Effective Date of Eaactment of this Ordinance. - The storage Moi f lamm ble liou- s inside buildings except in "buildings so used ski be as given under the following sub- sectio Prov"ed that in a special storage room or fire-resistive building, conforming to requirements given in Section 915, the storage of Class I liquids shall be in accordance with Section 916 and the quantity of ClassII and III liquids shall be unlimited. (a) Within the limits given in Section Zg:Z . In frame buildings: Classes I and II prohibited. Class III. Maximum limit of any tank or container 60 gallons, except as permitted in Section. In other than frame buildings: Class I. In sealed containers or safety cans of not more than 1 gallon capacity, and not exceeding .;t(�- S , a total of 10 gallons. Class II. In sealed containers or safety cans of not more than 5 gallons capacity and in barrells, drums or tanks of not more than 60 gallons capacity (Total quantity stored in this manner unlimited.) Class III. In sealed containers of not more than 5 gallons capacity, in barrells and drums and in tanks not exceeding 120 gallons capacity, except as per- mitted in Section Q6 0 (total quantity stored in this manner unlimited, (b) Outside the limits given in Section �L In Frame Buildings: Class I. In sealed containers or safety cans of not more than 1 gallon capacity, and not exceeding a tdal of 10 gallons. Class II. In sealed containers of not more than 5 gallons capacity and in barrels, drums or tanks not exceeding 60 gallons capacit (total quantity stored in this manner is unlimited. Class III. In sealed containers not exceeding 5 gallons capacity, in barrels and drums and in tanks not ex- ceeding 120 gallons capacity, except as permitted in Section (total quantity stored in this manner unlimite In Other than Frame Buildings: Class I. Not exceeding 50 gallons in sealed containers or safety cans of not more than 1 gallon capacity, Class II. In sealed containers or safety cans of not more than 5 gallons capacity, in drums and barrels and in tanks not exceeding 120 gallons capacity (total quantity stored in this manner unlimited.) Class III. In sealed containers, drums and barrels and in tanks not exceeding 240 gallons capacity, except as permitted in Section (total quantity stored in this manner unlimited 914. - Storage Restrictions for Buildings Used for Storage on Effective Date of Lnactment of this Ordinance. - In -buildings now used for storage of flammable liquids, the storage, except in special rooms as given in Section 915) shall not exceed double the quantity specified in Section 913. (Capacity of Individual tanks or containers may be double that specified in Section 913.) 915. - Special Storagge Rooms or Buildings. - Special rooms or buildings for storage of flammable liquids and the handling and use of flammable liquids shall, where called for by other sections of this ordinance, be constructed as follows; provided, however, that when in the opinion of the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention the extent of the hazard formed is more than moderate, based upon a consideration of the quantity and nature of flammable liquids involved and the extent of mixing operation together with the character of construction, of the building in which the proposed storage and mixing operations are to be located, and of exposed building, construction affording a greater degree of protection shall be required. Walls shall have a fire- resistive rating of not less than one hour; they shall be contifluous from floor to ceiling and shall be securely anchored. Ceilings shall be of construction equivalent to not less than 3/4-inch of gypsum plaster on metal lath. Floors if of wood shall be protected with not less than 2 inches of concrete. Door openings to other room@ or buildings shall be provided with non-combustible sills raised six (6) inches. Such openings shall be protected by standard fire doors of approved automatic or self-closing type. Where other portions of the building or other properties are exposed, windows shall be protected in a standard manner. Shelving shall be non-combustible. -4'7. T , 916. - Storage of Class I Liquids.- Except where kept in sealed containers, Class I liquids shall be kept in storage tanks underground or outside the building and no discharge system shall have outlet in- side building unless in a special room in accordance with Section 915. Safety cans of not over 10 gallons capacity may be used in any part of building except that if of over one gallon capacity, they shall be kept and used in special rooms in accordance with Section 915. In garages and manufacturing plants, the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Pre- vention may permit the storage of Class I liquids in approved portable whe6led tanks, where the nature of the business requires such storage and the discharge therefrom. 917. - Storage of Class II Liquids. - No container containing Class II liquids of over 5 gallons capacity, may be used to fill other containers and appliances unless outside the building or in a special room in accordance with Section 915, and all drawing, except from safety cans, shall, where the nature of the liquid permits, be as provided for in Section 9 P/ AND _IJ24.. At service stations the dispensing of alcohol and other-flammable anti-freeze solutions from drums shall be done outside the building, using pump or gravity dis- charge. Air Pressure discharge shall not be used. 919. - Exposed Windows Must have Wired Glass. - Any building, other than a frame building, within the limits given in Section W, contain- ing more than 500 gallons of flammable liquids in other than sealed containers, shall have all windows in side and rear walls and above the first floor on street fronts, exposed by other buildings within fifty feet, provided with wired glass in metallic sash and frame. 919. - New Manufacturing Plants. - Any manufacturing plant estab- lished after date of enactment of this ordinate in a building in which persons are employed above the second story, shall have all rooms, in which Class I and II liquids are mixed or stored in receptacles permitting the escape of vapor, constructed in accordance with Section 915. 920. - Existing, Manufacturing Plants. - In existing manufacturing plants, where persons are employed above the second floor, all elevator, stair and other wells or vertical openings communicating to rooms in which Class I and II liquids are mixed or stored in receptacles per- mitting escape of vapor, shall be enclosed and provided with self- closing fire doors or trap doors with heat releasing devices arranged to close doors automatically in case of fire. 921. - Manufacturing Plants Prohibited in Buildings Occupied as Dwellings. -!b yanufacturing plant shall be so located in any building used as a dwelling for more than one family unless all Cass I liquids are kept in safety cans, not exceeding one quart in capacity, or ib outside storage tanks as given in Section ,L with no discharge inside the building. 922. - Kettles Vats, Etc. - Kettles, vats, saturators and other vessels used in manufacturing processes, and containing more than 5 gallons of flammable liquids, shall not be located within 5 feet of combustible material nor within 5 feet of any exit, unless two or more exits are provided, and all combustible floor, thereunder within a radius of 10 feet shall be protected with non-combustible coverings. All kettles and other open vessels shall be provided with substantial covers arranged to close automatically in case of fire or which can be easily and readily placed in position, or shall be provided with an adequate automatic extinguishing device. 923. - Ventilation, - Rooms in which Class I and II liquids are used in open vats, pans or other vessels, or in which Class I, II and III liquids are heated or otherwise treated in such manner as to produce flammable vapor, shall be well ventilated. Where natural ventilation is not sufficient the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention may require forced ventilation with a vent opening of at least 20 square inches in the wall at the floor level near each open receptacle con- taining such liquids, or each heating device from which vapors may escape and opposite to any door or other air inlet. Such openings shall be covered with 2 x 2 mesh No. 16 galvanized wire web and shall be kept clear of all obstructions. From each vent opening a flue, of at least 20 square inches area and of non-combustible materials, built into the wall or floor or securely fastened thereto and so arranged as not to be subject to mechanical injury, shall conduit to and through a sparklers exhaust fan, to be run continuously and which shall be of sufficient size to change the air in the room completely every five minutes. All discharge outlets of vent pipes shall be provided with 12 x 12 mesh or equivalent non-corrodible wire screen and shall be located so that they will not expose surrounding property and shall be acceptable to the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention. Any other equivalent system of ventilation may be used when approved by the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention. 924. - Extinguisher Required. - Where flammable liquids are kept, used or handled a quantity of loose non-combustible absorbents, such as dry sand or ashes, toghether with pails or scoops; and chemical extinguishers or other extinguishing devices or materials shall be provided in such quantities as may be directed by the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention. Every marketing station, wholesale storage, port terminal, and other property where flammable liquids are stored in quantities in aboveground tanks, shall, as a minimum requirement, be provided with portable foam fire extinguishing equipment. 925• - Storage of Barrels and Drums Limited. - Within the limits given in Section , barrels and drums containing Class I, II or III liquids stored ou side any building shall not be piled upon each other nor stored in a passageway or beneath any window and no open lights shall be permitted in any such storage yard. 926. - Drums and Barrels Must Be Kept Closed. - Drums and barrels for flammable liquids shall have caps, plugs and bungs replaced immedi- ately after package is emptied. 927. -- Smoking Prohibited. - •In all rooms or parts of buildings which contain flammable liquids in open containers or in which the vapors from flammable liquids are present, or in which flammable liquids are used in any manufacturing process, the carrying of matches is prohibited and smoking shall be a misdemeanor. Suitable "No Smoking" signs shall be displayed. 928. - Lighting Shall be by Electricity. - Flammable liquids shall not be drawn nor handled in the presence of open flame or fire, but may be drawn and handled when lighting is by incandescent electric lamps installed in compliance with the "National Electric Code. " 9$9• - Flammable Liquid for Cleaning, Floor Oil or Dressing. - It shall be unlawful for any person to use or cause to used any flammable liquic with a flash point below 110 Fahrenheit for floor oil, floor dressing or for the purpose of cleaning any floor, walls, ceiling or fixtures within any structure in the City of Fort Worth. 930. - Types of Pumps; location within Building. - (a) All pumps used in the City of Fort Worth for the drawing and dispensing of gasoline or other Class I, II or III liquids of less than 112 degrees Fahrenheit f laEh point, must be of a type and design approved by the Underwriter's Laboratories, Inc., and must be labeled accordingly. (b) The servicing of any Class I, II or III liquids of less than 112 degrees Fahrenheith flash point at service stations, garages or other locations employing pumps or discharge devices from which the public is se4ved, shall at all times be under the direct charge of the owner or his competent attendant. The use of automatic or self-serving pumps or devices, by means of which the public, either child or adult, may draw Class I, II and III liquids into automobile tanks or other velsels is deemed to be hazardous practice in violations of the intent of this ordinance and all such automatic or self-servicing pumps or devices be prohibited. (c) It shall be unlawful to install or use a visible type pump inside any building in the City of Fort Worth. STORAGE TANKS 951. - Storage must be Outside Buildings. - (a) Except as other- wise permitted in this ordinance, the storage of flammable liquids shall be outside buildings, in underground tanks or aboveground tanks; except that the storage in tanks aboveground and outside buildings is prohibited within the Number 1 and Number 2 fire limits as established in the Building Code of the City of Fort Worth provided that for existing tanks within such limits, which are properly safeguarded and do not involve a hazard to other property, a permit shall be granted. (b) No tank shall be installed having a capacity greater than TWO THOUSAND (2000) gallons without a special permit therefor issued by the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention and authorized by resolution of the Governing Body, which resolution and permit shall specify the material of which such tanks shall be constructed, and the manner of installation. 952. - Underground Storage Limited. - Tanks buried underground shall have the top of the tank not less than 2 feet below the surface of the ground and below the level of any piping to which the tanks may be connected, except that, in lieu of the 2-foot cover, tanks may be buried under 12 inches of earth and a cover of reinforced concrete at least 5 inches in thickness provided, which shall extend at least one foot beyond the outline of the tank in all directions; concrete cover-to be placed on a firm, well-tamped earth foundation. Where necessary to prevent floating, tanks shall be securely anchored or weighted. Where a tank cannot be entirely buried, it shall be covered over with earth to a depth of at least 2 feet with a slope on all sides not steeper than 1i feet horizontal to 1 foot vertical. The limit of storage permitted shall depend upon the location of tank with respect to the building to be supplied and adjacent buildings as follows: MAXIMUM CAPACITY OF TANKS FOR UidDER- GROUND STORAGE Location Classes I and II Class III If top of tank is lower and Class III Above 1000 than all floors, basements, Under 1000 F. Flashpoint cellars or pits of all F. Flashpoint buildings. (a) Within a radius of 50 ft. Unlimited Unlimited �b' Withn a radius of 4O ft. 50,000 gallons 500,000 gallons cWithin a radius of 30 ft. 20,000 gallons 200,000 gallons d Within a radius of 25 ft. 15,000 gallons 150,000 gallons e Within a radius of 20 ft. 5,000 gallons 100,000 gallons f Within a radius of 10 ft. 2,000 gallons 75,000 gallons (g If within 10 ft. of any building and the top of tank is above the lowest floor, basement, cellar or pit of the building. 550 gallons 50,000 gallons (h) Tank located beneath a building shall be below all portions of that building and is limited in capacity only in respect to other buildings as given under a. to g. 953. - Capacity and Location of Aboveground Tanks. - (a) The location of a tank with respect to distance from tank shell to line of adjoining property or nearest building shall depend upon the construction, contents, equipment, and greatest dimension (diameter, length, or height) of the tank and shall be in accord with the following provisions: Group A Tanks. - Any all-steel, gas-tight tank constructed in compliance with these or equivalent standards and equipped either with (1) an approved permanently attached extinguishing system or (2) an approved floating roof, which is to be used ,.30• only for the storage of refined petroleum products or other flammable liquids not subject to boil-over, shall be so loc- ated that the distance between shell of tank and property line or nearest building shall be not less than the greatest dim- ension (diameter, length or height) of the tank, except that such distance need not exceed 120 feet. Group B. Tanks. - Any all-steel, gas-tight tank constructed in compliance with these or equivalent standards but not equipped with, (1) an approved permanently attached extinguishing system or (2) an approved floating roof, which is to be used only for the storage of refined petroleum products or other flammable liquids not subject to boil-over, shall be so located that the distance between shell of tank and property line or nearest building shall be not less than li times the greatest dimension (diameter, length or height) of the tank except that such dis- tance need not exceed 175 feet. Group C. Tanks. - Any all-steel, gas-tight tank constructed in compliance with these or equivalent standards and equipped either with (1) an approved permanently attached extinguishing system or (2) an approved floating roof, which is to be used for the storage of crude petroleum or other flammable liquid subject to boil-over, shall be so located that the distance between shell of tank and property line or nearest building shall be not less than twice the greatest dimension (diameter, length or height) of the tank except that such distance shall be not less than 20 feet and need not exceed 175 feet. Group D. Tanks. - Any all-steel, gas-tight tank constructed in compliance with these or equivalent standards and not equipped either with (1) an approved permanently attached extinguishing system or (2) an approved floating roof, which is to be used for the storage of crude petroleum or other flammable liquids subject to boil-over, shall so be located that the distance between the shell of tank and property line or nearest building shall be not less than three times the greatest dimension (diameter, length, or height) of the tank except that such distance shall be not less than 20 feet and need not exceed 350 feet. (b) The minimum distance between shells of any two all-steel, gas- tight tanks shall be not less than one-half the greatest dimension (diameter, length or height) of smaller tank except that such distance shall be not less than 3 feet, and for tanks of 18,000 gallons or less the distance need not exceed 3 feet. 954. - Openings in Aboveground Tanks. - Each aboveground tank, inside or outside buildings, over 1,000 gallons in capacity shall have vent opedngs excepting emergency relief openings, provided with approved flame arresters. The covers for manholes, handholes and gauge holes shall be made tight fitting (a) No form of emergency relief construction shall be required on vertical tanks with cone roa$ having a slope of less than 2J inches in 12 inches where the strength of the joint between the roof and the shell is no greater than that of the weakest vertical joint in the shell. (b) Svery other aboveground tank used for the storage of Class I, II or III liquids shall have some form of relief for preventing the development of excessive internal pressure in case- of exposure fire surrounding the tank. This may take the form of either a weak seam in the top or at the joint between the top and the shell of the tam or manhole covers kept closed by weight only, or some other form of emergency relief construction. (c) In tanks where entire dependence for relief is placed upon some form of emergency relief construction other than a weak seam, it shall have a capacity as prescribed by the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention, who shall give consideration to the design and construction of the tank 3/. as it affects the pressure which the tank may safely withstand, as indicated in the table below. Except for tanks specially constructed to withstand higher pressures, the emergency relief area for vertical tanks shall be as given for an allowable pressure of 3 inches of water, and for horizontal tanks shall be as given for an allowable pressure of 1 pound per square inch. EMERGENCY RELIEF OF EXCESSIVE INTERNAL PRESSURES IN ABOVEGROUND TANKS Minimum Approximate diameter of free circular opedng Emergency (unobstructed by valve discs, etc. ) required Relief to discharge petroleum vapors at the given Capacity rates for the following allowable internal Capacity of Required pressures. Tank Cubic Feet 3 inches 1 lb. per 5 lb. per 25 lb. pe Gallons Per Hours of water sq. in. sq. in. sq. in. (Bases upon an orifice coefficient of 0.7 and vapor specific gravity of 2.5) 1,000 16,000 4 It 2- " 1 " 1 '+ 4,000 44,000 6- " 3- +' 2' +' 1- " 18,000 88,000 9 " 5 +, jj " 2 " 25,000 105,000 10- " 6 " 4r " 2- " 56,000 160,000 12- " 7 " 5 '+ 3 '+ 100,000 230,000 15 " �- " 6 " 4 �, _ „ +, 222,000 330,000 l8- " 10 " 7 z " 44-- " 475,000 95,000 20 " 11- " 7- +' 5 " 735,000 10,000 20 " 11 " 7- 5- " Unlimited 410,000 20 " 11- " 7- " 5 " 955. - Aboveground Tanks Labeled. - Aboveground tanks for Class I and II liquids shall have painted conspicuously on their sides in letters at least 4 inches high, the wording "F rn BLE-KEEP FIRE, AWAY." 956. - Material of Underground Tanks. - Tanks shall be constructed of galvanized steel, open hearth steel or wrought iron of a thiclmess not less than specified in Table 3. For liquids heavier than 35C', A.P.I. tanks may be constructed of concrete in accordance with the Standards of the National Board of fire Underwriters. TABLE 3 - UNDERGROUND STORAGE TANKS Minimum Thickness of Material Capacity Gauge Pounds Per (Gallons) (U.S. -Standard) Square Foot 1 to 285 16 2.50 296 to 560 14 125 561 to 1,100 12 �-375 1,101 to 4,000 7 7.50 4,001 to 12,000 1/4-inch 10.00 12,001 to 20,000 5/16-inch 12.50 20,001 to 30,000 3/9-inch 15.00 Tanks of steel or wrought iron thinner than No. 7 gauge shall be gal- vanized. For Class III liquids, if adequate internal bracing is pro- vided tanks from 121,000 to 30,000 gallons capacity may be built of steel plate j - inch thick. With the approval of the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention, tanks of copper or other suitable material may be used if after the necessary handling incident to installation they are equivalent in strength, rigidily, durability and tightness to the steel or iron tanks described above. 957. - Material of Aboveground Tanks. - Tanks (including tops) shall be constructed throughout of open hearth steel or of wrought iron of a thickness in accordance with the following requirements. For liquids of 350 A.P.I. or heavier, tanks may be constructed of concrete in accordance with Standards of the National Board of Fire Underwriters. (a) HORIZONTAL OR VERTICAL TANKS NOT OVER 1,100 GALLONS CAPACITY Capacit 'Kinimum Thickness (Gallons of Material 1 to 60 18 gauge (U.S. STD. ) 61 to 350 16 11 n 351 to 560 14 n 561 to 1000 12 it (b) HORIZONTAL TANKS OVER 1,100 GALLONS CAPACITY. Tanks having a diameter of not over 6 feet shall be made of at least 3/16-inch steel. Tanks having a diameter of over 6 feet and less than 11-i feet shall be made of at least J-inch steel. (c) VERTICAL TANKS OVER 1,100 GALLONS CAPACITY. anks of this class shall be of such ma erial and so constructed asto have a factor of safety of at least 2.5. The minimum thickness of shell or bottom shall be 3/16- inch. The minimum thickness of roof shall be 1/9-inoh. The thickness of plates shall be in accordance with the fallowing formula: t - 2.604xHxDx F T x Z Where, t = thickness of plate in inches H = height of tank in feet above the bottom of the ring under consideration D = diameter of the tank in feet F = factor of safety (taken as 2.5) T = tensile strength of plate in pounds per sq. ii E = efficiency of vertical joint in ring under consideration The tensile strength of the steel shall be taken as 55,000 pounds per sq. in, and the shearing strength of rivets shall be taken as �40,000 pounds per sq. in. Roofs or tops of tanks shall have no unprotected openings. Roo 33 or tops shall be firmly and permanently joined to the tank and all joints shall be riveted and caulked, brazed, welded or made tight by other process satisfactory to the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention. With the approval of the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention, tanks of copper or other suitable material or tanks of a special tested design may be used if after the necessary handling incident to installation, they are equivalent in strength, rigidity, durability and tightness to the steel or iron tanks described above. 959• - Construction of Tanks. - (a) Tanks shall be riveted, wAded or brazed, and shall be soldered, caulked or otherwise made tight in a mechanical and workmanlike manner, and if to be used with a pressure discharge system shall safely sustain a hydrostatic test at least double the pressure to which tank may be subjected. Tanks shall be covered with asphaltum or other non-rusting paint or,coating. All pipe connections shall be made through flanges or metal reinformements securely riveted, welded or bolted to the tank and shall be madethorou -h- ly tight. All cpenings shall be gas tight, except breather vent, which shall be protected by flame arresters as provided in Section 954. -(b) Where tanks are to be of welded construction, the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention shall require evidence of the integrity and responsibility of the firm or individual doing the work, the degree to which welders are qualified and the character of supervision main- tained while welding is in process, �33 (c) Tanks for storage of flammable liquids under a pressure in excess of 15 pounds per square inch (gage) shall be constructed and protected with safety relief devices, in accordance with the Unfired Pressure Vetsel Code of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. 959. - Foundations; Dikes. - (a) In each case the bearingcapacity of the ground shall determine the type of foundation to be employed. Where there is any doubt the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention may require borings in order to ascertain the subsurface formation as a means of determining whether the proposed foundation is suited to ground conditions on the site. Tanks more than one foot above the ground shall have foundations and supports of masonry or protected steel, except that wooden cushions may be used; no combustible material shall be permitted under or within ten feet of any above ground outside storage tank. (b) All tanks containing crude oil or other liquids which have a tendency to boil over, and all tanks exceeding 50,000 gallons (1,200) barrels capacity shall be adequately and properly diked having capacity not less than equal in volume to that of the tank or tanks surrounded; minimum height of earth dikes to be 3 feet and of masonry dikes 30 inches. (c) Tanks of less than 50,000 gallons (1,200 barrels) capacity shall, when deemed necessary by the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention, on account of proximity to streams, character of top- ography or nearness to buildings of high value, be diked or the entire yard provided with a curb or retaining wall or other suitable means taken to prevent the discharge of liquids on to other property in case of a rupture in tank or piping. (d) Dikes or walls required by the preceeding paragraph (b) and (c) shall be of earth or masonry so constructed as to afford adequate protection. When dikes surround tanks containing crude oil, they shall have in addition to the above capacity, suitable coping or deflector projecting inward properly constructed to minimize the effect of a "boil-over" wave. Dikes surrounding crude oil tanks shall be not less than 50 feet from the shell of the tank or tanks surrounded. (e) The height of the dike and the distance from the inner surface of the dike to the shell of the tank or tanks surrounded shall be such as to assure the scouring action of the winds required to pre- vent the accumulation of combustible vapors within the dike, but in no case shall the height of the dike exceed 6 feet. Masonry dikes with angular walls shall be provided with expansion joints constructed of single sheet non-corrosion metal. Where reinforced concrete is used, the steel reinforcing member shall be interconnected. (f) The capacity of dikes required by this Section shall be properly maintained. Earthen dikes shall have a flat section at the top and shall have a slope consistent with the angle of repose of the materials of which they are constructed. 960. - Stationary Tanks in Buildings; - Insulation of Tanks; Per- missible Quantities. - Tanks in buildings shall be constructed and installed as follows: (a) Tanks for Class II and III liquids of 180 gallons or less capacity, shall be of steel or of tin plate, suitable for the purpose, with all joints locked, double ueamed or riveted and also soldered or made tight by some equally satisfactory method; material shall be of not less than No. 16 gauge U.S. Standard. Original barrels or drums may be used until contents are drawn if substantially placed to prevent tipping or rolling, with pump inserted through a close fitting connection in side or head. ti M Tanks for Class II and III liquids of 191 to 275 gallons capacity shall be constructed of not less than No. 14 U.S. gage steel or wrought iron; larger tanks shall be constructed in accordance with the requirements of Section 956. (c) Tanks shall be located below the level of any piping to which they may be connected, or if this is impracticable, arrangements satisfactory to the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention shall be made. (d) Tanks shall be set on a firm foundation and those exceeding 2,500 gallons capacity shall be supported independently of the floor construction. (e) Tanks for Class III liquids used in connection with oil burning equipment shall not exceed 275 gallons individual capacity or 550 gallons aggregate capacity (in one building), unless installed in an enclosure constructed as follows: The enclosure shall be at least 6 inches larger on all sides than the tank. The walls of the enclosure shall be constructed of reinforced concrete at least 6 inches thick or of masonry at least 9 inches thick, and shall be bonded to the floor and carried to a height not less than 1 foot above the tank. The space between the tank and the enclosure shall be completely filled with sand or well-tamped earth up to the top of the enclosure. The top of the enclosure shall be of reinforced concrete at least 5 inches thick or of equivalent construction, except where the floor or other consturction immediately above the tank is of fire-resistive construction and capable of safely withstanding a load of 150 pounds per square foot. Instead of an enclosure as above described, the tank may be encased in reinforced concrete not less than 6 inches in thickness, applied directly to the tank so as to completely eliminate any air space. PIPING AND OTHER APPURTENANCES 971. - No Connections to Drains. - All connections from tank to any house or sub-surface drainage system shall be so arranged as to prevent the flow of flammable liquid to any such system or the leakage of any flammable gases from such liquids, or approved flammable liquids coll- ectors shall be provided in such connection. 972. - Venting of Tanks. - An open galvanized iron vent pipe arranged for proper draining, or an automatically operated vent, shall be provided for every tank which may contain flammable vapor. The lower end of the vent pipe shall not extend through the bp into the tank for a distance of more than one inch. Vent openings, except those on underground fuel oil tanks, shall be provided with approved flame arresters. Vent openings and vent pipes shall be of sufficient size to prevent abnormal pressure in the tank during filling and except automatically operated vents, shall be not smaller than 1-� inch pipe size. Arresters shall be accessible for examination and repair. Vent pipes shall be provided with weatherproof hoods and terminate outside of building not less than two feet, measured horizontally and vertically, from any window or other building opening. If tight connection is made in filling line and filling is by gravity, the vent pipe shall extend to a point at least one foot above the level of the top of the highest reservoir from which the tank may be "filled, otherwise, it shall be not less than 12 feet above the top of the fill pipe. Where a power pump is used in filling storage tanks and a tight connection is made to the fill pipe, the vent shall be not smaller than the fill pipe. The vent pipe from two or more tanks may be connected to one upright with the connection not less than one foot above the level of the top of the highest reservoir from which the tanks may be• filled. 973. - Valve in Drawing-Off Pipes. - All drawing-off pipes term- inating inside any building shall have valves at the discharge end; when delivery is by gravity, there shall be a second calve located at a suitable point in the line for use in an emergency. 974. - Valve Near Tank if Aboveground.- Where tanks are aboveground there shall be a valve located near the tank in each pipe. In case two or more tanks are cross-connected there shall be a valve near each tank in each oress -connection. 975• - Pumps. - Pumps delievering to or taking supply from aboveground storage tanks shall be provided with valves on both suction and discharge of pump, and in delivering-to tanks a check valve to prevent flow of liquid from tank to pump. Electric motors, unless of approved explosion-proof type, and internal combustion engines shall not be placed beneath tanks or elsewhere within the line of-e.por travel. 976• - Piping, - Piping used for flammable liquids shall be standard weight, wrought iron, steel or brass pipe or approved brass or copper tubing; for working pressures in excess of 100 pounds per square inch extra heavy fittings shall be used. No pipe or tubing less than one- quarter inch internal diameter shall be used. Outside piping shall be protected against mechanical injury when within 5 feet of ground level. Inside piping shall be rigidly supported. 977• - Leaky Piping. - Defective and leaking piping shall be made tight immediately or replaced. 97$. - Pi es for Class I and II Liquids in Rooms Containing Open Flames. - Piping carrying Class I and II liquids, unless without joints or connections, shall not extend through any room which contains any, open light or fire. 979. - Filling Pipe. - The end of the filling pipe for underground storage tanks for Class I and II liquids shall be carried to an approved location outside any building, but not within 5 feet of any entrance door, or cellar opening; this filling pipe shall be closed by a screw cap. 980. - Deliveries to Storage Tanks. - Deliveries of flammable liquids of Class I and 11, where practicable, shall be made directly to the storage tank through the filling pipe by weans of a hose or pipe between the filling pipe and barrel, tank wagon or tank car from which such liquid is being drawn. 991. - Pump required, - Except as permitted in Section 983, flammable liquids shall be drawn from tanks by pumps so constructed as to prevent leaking or splashing, or by some other system approved by the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention, with controlling apparatus and piping so arranged as to allow control of the amount of discharge and prevent leakage or discharge inside the building by any derangement of the system. When inside a building, the pump or other drawing-off device for Class I or II liquids shall be located on or above the grade floor, preferably near an entrance or other well-ventilated place. 982. - No Gravity Feed Permitted. - Except as permitted in Section 983, no tanks, drums or other containers inside a building, or discharging inside a building, shall be provided with a faucet or other bottom-drawing device which will permit the gravity flow of liquids inside the building. Pipes shall' notterminate at any point lower than the level of source of supply. 983. - Exceptions to Sections 981 and 982. - The Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention may permit the storage and gravity flow of flammable liquids in connection with domestic oil burning equipment in refineries, and in manufacturing and jobbing plants where the nature of the manufacturing process requires sufh storage and flow, and also the storage and gravity flow of commodities of Classes II and III in stores, plants and establishments, where the nature of the liquid will not permit pumping; provided that the contents of tanks holding Class I liquid shall be sufficient only for one day's operation and shch storage shall be in a room in accordance with Section 915. 984. - Fuel Oil Equipments. - An approved domestic type oil burner may be supplied by gravity from two connected inside or outside storage tanks, provided neither tank exceed 275 gallons capacity and they are connected to the fuel line by an approved 3-way valve. Gravity feed to approved burners installed in stoves and ranges is permitted subject to the following provisions: (a) That no gravity tank exceed a capacity of six gallons. (b) That no glass bottle or metal tank of the vacuum feed type have a capacity in excess of 3 gallons, and that not more than two such bottles or tanks be connected to a single heating unit. (c) That metal tanks as referred to in Section 984 above be substantially constructed and specifically approved for the purpose intended. (d) That such systems be provided with suitable auto- matic safeguards to prevent flooding of the burner. (e) That such gravity or vacuum tanks be located not less than two feet from the device in which the burner is installed, provided the temperature rise of the oil supply at this distance is not excessive when the burner is operated at full capacity. That supply tanks be securely attached to non-combustible supports rigidly fastened to the floor or wall in such a manner as to minimize the possibility of mechanical injury due to accidental contact, jarring or vibration; and that such supply tanks be provided with means for determining the oil level which will not involve the possibility of leakage of oil. 985• - Use of Flammable Liquids in Fire Zone Number One. - It shall be unlawful for any person, firm or corporation in the City of Fort Worth to use or cause to be used for burning, heating, cooking or illuminating purposes in any lamp, stove, range or oven, any crude, petroleum, gasoline, naptha, benzine, kerosene or coal oil having a flash point of less than 112 degrees within Fire Zone No. 1 as outlined elsewhere in this ordianance. 996. - Exemption from Preceding Article. - The provisions of Section 985 shall not apply to gasoline torches and fire pots used by artisans and mechanics in the regular course of their business or occupations, nor to the use of gasoline for fuel purposes in motorcycels, automobiles, tractors and other self-propelled vehicles. 997. - Relief Valves for Pumps, for Engines and Fuel Oil Equipments. - In systems using; pumps to supply auxilarly tanks or headers, which feed internal combustion engines or fuel oil burners, provision shall be made to return surplus oil to the supply tank; any valve installed in the line shall be of pressure relief type. 988. - Tank Trucks. - (a) All trucks sued for the transportation of flammable liquids in bulk quantity exceeding 100 gallons shall be inspected by the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention, and unless certified by him as to their compliance with this ordinance they shall not be operated on the streets of the City of Fort Worth; provided that this certification shall not be required for trucks bearing the license or approval of the State Highway Department; or to trucks transporting flammable liquids in drums, cans and other containers of less than 60 gallons individual capacity. (b) No truck transporting flammable liquids in bulk shall be left unattended on any street, highway, avenue or alley. Provided that this will not prevent a driver from the necessary absence from the truck in connection with the delivery of his load, except during actual dis- charge of the liquid when some responsible person must be present at the vehicle; nor shall it include stops for meals doming the day or at night if the street is well lighted at point of parking. (c) Trucks containing flammable liquids may be parked in open parking lots or on private property. They shall not be parked or garaged in buildings other than those specifically approved for such storage by the — ,,97, Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention. (d) Tanks shall be constructed of open hearth or blue annealed steel, or other suitable material of a strength equivalent to the following table: Aggregate Shell Minimum Thickness of Steel, U.S. Capacity Standard Head (Gallons) Up to 600 14 gauge 14 gauge if bilged, otherwise 12 gaug 600 to 1200 12 gauge 12 gauge if bilged, otherwise 10 gaug Over 1200 10 gauge S gauge Tanks exceeding 1200 gallons in capacity, may be constructed with 12 gauge shells and 10 gauge heads provided they are sub-divided into compartments of 600 gallons or less and are mounted on chassis ecuipped with low pressure balloon ties. Shell and head joints shall be welded, riveted and welded, brazed or riveted and brazed, riveted and caulked, or made tight by some equally satisfactory process. (e) Each compartment of the completed tank shall be tested and proven tight at 5 pounds minimum pressure. Fill openings shall be 4 inches minimum diameter. Tanks in excess of 600 gallons capacity shall be sub-divided into compartments, none of which shall exceed 600 gallons capacity. (f) Each tank compartment shall be provided with a suitable operating vent, and in addition thereto venting facilities of such size and capacity as will prevent rupture of the tank from such internal pressures as may be created by exposure fires. (g) All draw-off valves or faucets shall have discharge end threaded or otherwise so designed as to permit of tight connection with hose extending to fill-pipe. (h) Every tank truck shall be provided with properly attached rear steel bumpers. The rear bumpers or chassis extension shall be so arranged as to adequately protect the draw-off valve or faucets in case of collision. Every compartment of a gravity discharge truck tank shall be equipped with a reliable and efficient shut-off valve located inside the shell of the tank in the compartment outlet, and except during delivery operations such valves shall be automatically kept closed, or shall be so interlocked with delivery operation that it will be itechanically closed when delivery operations are completed. (i) The operating mechanism of such valves shall be pro- vided with a seoondary control, remote from the tank filling parts and discharge faucets for use in event of accidents or fire during delivery operations, and such control mechanism shall be provided with a fusible section which will cause valves to close automatically in case of fire. (j) In every case there shall be provided between the shut- off valve seat and discharge faucet,a shear section which will break under strain and leave the shut-off valve seat intact. Tanks, chassis, axles and springs shall be metallically connected. Tank trucks shall be equipped with drag chEdns long enough to reach the ground. During the filling operation metallic contact shall be maintained between the fill pipe and the tank truck. The foregoing provisions shall also apply to the construction and operation of trailers and semi-trailers. All trailers shall be firmly and securely attached to the towing vehicle by means of suitable draw-bars; supplemented by safety chains. Every trailer shall be equipped with a reliable system of brakes with reliable provisions for operation from the driver's seat of the vehicle drawing it. (k) Every trailer shall be provided with side lights and a tail light. Every tank truck and trailer shall be equipped with at least one approved hand fire extinguisher of a type suitable for extinguishing oil fires. 3 e� (1) No tank truck, empty or otherwise, used for the trans- portation of flammable liquids, shall be admitted inside of any building for the purpose of being repaired unless such building is used exclusively for the repairing of such vehicles, and such tank, truck or vehicle shall be removed from said building immediately upon completion of repairs, and in no instance shall gasoline tanks on such vehicles be cleaned nearer than 25 feet to any open flame. If any loaded tank trgok is found to leaking, it shall be removed at once from the streets, emptied of its contents, and the leak repaired before the truck is put into service again. (m) No repair work of any kind necessitating the use of a blow torch or other open flame shall be performed upon a tank truck until the tank thereon is first thoroughly cleaned and then completely filled with water and such tank shall be kept filled with water during the progress of repairs, except that, when rep§irs to the tank itself are necessary, the water may be drawn off for that purpose. (n) No tank truck shall be left or stored, either loaded or unloaded, overnight in the city limits unless off the street and 25 feet from any building, unless such storage is approved by the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention or Building Inspector. 989. - mokin� by Tank Truck Drivers and Helpers. - Smoking by truck drivers or their helpers shall not be permitted while driving their trucks on the road, while making deliveries, during filling of tanks or trucks, or while making repairs either on or off oil company's property. 990. - Containers Painted Distinctive Colors. - Portable containers for Class I and II liquids shall be painted red entire container or conspicuous band or stripe) and be conspicuously lettered in black, "DANGEROUS-KEEP LIGHTS AND FIRE, AWAY". It shall be a misdemeanor to keep or place the above mentioned liquids in containers for any other liquids or substances than those specified or fail to keep their exterior clean so that coloring and lettering are easily distinguishable. 991. - Refineries. - No permits shall be granted for the establish- ment of a new plant or an addition to a plant for refining or re-refining, distilling or condensing petroleum and natural gas within the limits of the City until after a survey has been made by the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention and an investigation made of all hazardous conditions connected therewith. If there are no schools, churches, hospitals or public halls within 300 feet, and no other buildings than those of the plant within 150 feet of the proposed distilling or condensing plant, and other conditions are consistent with the spirit and intent of this ordinance, the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention shall grant a permit for the location desired; provided, also that a guarantee to maintain an open space 150 feet on all sides shall be given by the applicant. may. CHAPTER X THE APPLICATION OF FLAMMABLE FINISHES GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 1001. - Definition. - The term "finishing shop" shall mean a building or part thereof used for the application of flammable finishes by means of spraying or dipping. 1002. - Permits. - A permit shall be required for any finishing shop using more than 1 gallon of material on any working day, or storing in connection with the use thereof, more than 5 gallons of flammable finish. 1003. - Location. - Finishing shops in buildings of wooden con- struction or in buildings used in whole or in part for human habitation or in connection with stores shall be suitably out off by fire partitions or fire walls from other portions of the building and shall be equipped with an automatic sprinkler system. 1004. - Storage of Flammable Finishes in Finishing Shops. - The storage of flammable finishes inside of finishing shops shall be res- tricted as follows: (a) Not to exceed 20 gallons, with no container exceeding 1 gallon in capacity, may be stored on a substantial shelf at least 4 feet above the floor and with suitable guard strips to prevent con- tainers from falling. (b) Not over 50 gallons with no container exceeding 5 gallons capacity may be stored in a cabinet, entirely enclosed and made of suitably stiffened sheet iron of at least 18 U.B. gauge in thickness,and double walled with 1 inch air space or equivalent construction. Doors shall be of construction equivalent to the walls of the cabinets, be provided with 3-point lock, fit closely, and be kept closed when not in use. Door sills shall be raised at least 2 inches above the bottom of the cabinet. (c) Quantities in excess of those given under (a) and (b) shall be in suitable storage and mixing rooms as specified in Section 915. 1005. - Mixing. - (a) Mixing operations shall be carried on only in storage rooms as outlined in Section 915 or in special mixing rooms of equivalent construction; provided that containers of a total capacity not exceeding 2 gallons may be opened and their contents mixed in the finishing room, during such times as the ventilating system is in operation. (b) Receptacles containing flammable finishes shall be keat tightly covered. 1006. - Containers. - (a) All containers of flammable finishes shall be of metal suitably constructed to prevent leakage; I.C.C. containers shall be acceptable for storage. (b) Containers used as part of the spraying outfit shall be of metal, except that glass containers not exceeding 1 pint capacity, also containers with glass inner linings of not more than 1 gallon capacity (protected with a metal hdder or guard permanently fixed around the container) may be used. 1007. - Ventilation. - (a) Unless suitable ventilated spray booths are used for all finishing operations, finishing rooms shall be contin- uously ventilated during operation. Ventilation shall be such as to effect at least one complete change of air every three minutes. (b) Exhaust outlets in finishing rooms shall be located not over 5 feet above the floor and shall discharge directly outside of 14D T • building. Stacks and ducts shall be of substantial construction with joints riveted and soldered or otherwise madetight. They shall extend as directly as possible to the outside air and prefereably not through other rooms, and be so arranged that the discharge of vapor and residue or fire therefrom will not endanger property. They shall not be con- nected to other ventilating or collecting systems. 1009. - Lighting and Electrical Equipment. - Artificial lighting shall be by electricity only. All electrical wiring and equipment in finishing shops shall be in accord with the National Electrical Code, rules for Hazardous Locations. Where spraying is done in properly arranged spray booths, portions of the room more than 20 feet away from a booth need not be considered Hazardous Locations under the National Electrical Code unless such portions are so classified as the result of other operations. In the area within 20 feet of properly arranged spray booths the National Electrical Code rules for Hazardous Location may be modified to allow motors of the tdally enclosed types or of the open induction type having no brushes, make or break contacts, collectors or other arcing or sparklin€ pasts, and to allow lamps of the enclosed vapor-tight type. 1009. - Housekeeping. -(alYinishin:g shops shall be kept free from all unnecessary combustible materials and refuse. (b) Floors of finishing shops, drain boards and the interior of spray booths shall be thoroughly cleaned at least once a day and all fans, ducts, side walls and ceilings shall be kept as clean as may be practicable at all times. In cleaning, care shall be taken to use implements which will not create sparks. Wherever practicable surfaces to oe cleaned shall be sprayed or otherwise wet down with water before e.leahing. Sweepings or deposits from spray booths or rooms, ducts or stacks shall be immediately removed from the building and safely disposed.of. - (c) Metal waste cans with self-closing covers shall be provided for all waste and rags which have come in contact with paints, varnishes, and other finishing compounds. 1010. - Open Flames and Heating,. - No open flame shall be per- mitted in storage or m_xin€, rooms, storage cabinets, finishing rooms, or spray booths. For heating purposes, indirect systems only, such as steam, hot air or hot water shall be used. 1011. - Grounding. - All metal spray booths, dip tanks, bake ovens, mixers, filters, pumps, motors and shafting shall be electrically grounded in an effective manner. 1012. - Fire Extinguishing Equipment. - The Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention shall require the installation of portable fire extinguishers or other fire extinguishing appliances as may be deemed necessary in finishing rooms, or near storage cabinets and spray booths. 1013. - Smoking. - Smoking shall be prohibited in any room used for the storage of flammable finishes and in any finishing room. Suit- able "NO SMOKING" signs shall be prominently displayed. SPRAYING 1014. - (a) All spraying shall be performed in a spray room or spray booth as specified below or its equivalent. (b) If spraying is performed in a room not provided with spray booths as herein provided, such spray room shall be separated from the remainder of the building by partitions of fire-resistive con- struction equivalent to incombustible wall-board on wooden studding, cement or gypsum plaster on metal lath on wooden studding or wooden studding covered on both sides with sheet iron. Doors in openings in spray room partition shall be equal in fire resistance to partition and shall be of the self-closing type or so installed as to close auto-- matically in case of fire. (c) Spray booths shall be of metal or other non-combustible material and of ample site to accommodate the object to be sprayed. (d) Spray booths shall be provided with exhaust systems of sufficient capacity to adequaiely remove vapors or residues. Supply of air entering the room where the spray booths are located shall be substantially equivalent to the exhaust capacity provided. Each spray booth shall have an independent stack or vent, except that not more than 3 booths each with less than 6 square feet frontal area may connect to one stack. They shall be properly supported and shall have at least a 6 inch clearance where passing through wooden floors, roofs, partitions or in close proximity to them or other combustible material. (e) Ventilating fans in spray rooms and booths shall be kept in continuous operation whiie spraying is being carried on and shall not be stopped until all flammable vapors have been removed. (f) Pails or receptacles shall not exceed 10 gallons capacity for gravity feed to spray guns and shall be kept covered with tight fitting non-combustible covers. Only wire cables or those containing stranded wire cores shall be used to suspend gravity-feed pails. Pails or receptacles cont&ining flammable finishes shall be returned to the storage cabinet or storage room at the close of each day. (g) No portable lamps shall be used inside spray booths or rooms. Lamps shall be prohibited inside spray booths and ducts and in any location where there is possibility of the spray coming into direct contact with the lamp or fixture. Electric motors shall not be placed inside booths or ducts. (h) Motor vehicles shall not be moved by their own power while in the finishing room. Electric storage batteries shall be re- moved. DIP TANKS 1015. - Dip tanks having an area in excess of 10 square feet shall be provided with approved covers arranged to close automatically in case of fire and also arranged so that they can be closed manually. Smaller dip tanks shall be provided with suitable covers or with asbestos blankets which can be placed over the tanks. If dip tanks are protected by an approved automatic fire extinguisher system employing a fire retardant chemical or gas or water spray the covers specified above may be omitted. JAPANNING AND ENAMELING 1016. - Japanning and enameling drying ovens shall not be placed in contact with wood floors or other combustible material. Heating of ovens shall be done by steam coils, indirect hot air circulation through oven to outside, indirect hot oil circulating pipes, indirect gas burners or electricity. Open flames or fires shall not be in communication with the compartments where goods are being treated. • 1 CHAPTER XI SALE AND USm OF DRY CLEANING LIQUIDS 1101. - Definitions. - (a) Dry cleaning liquids are defined as any liquids, other than water, used for the removal of dirt, grease, paint or other stains from wearing apparel, textiles, fabricb, furs, rugs and similar articles. (b) Dry cleaning liquids shall be divided into three classes: (1) High hazard dry cleaning fluids; flammable liquids having a flash point below 100 degrees Fahrenheit. Typical of this class are gasoline, benzene and naptha. (2) Low-hazard dry cleaning liquids; flammable liquids Navin@ a flash point of 100 degrees Fahrenheit or higher. Typical of this class are stoddart solvent and various petroleum products classed as to fire hazard with kerosene paraffin oil, or between paraffin oil and kerosene. (3) Nonflammable dry cleaning liquids: Liquids which are strictly nonflammable or are classed as nonflammable at ordinary temperatures. Typical of this class are carbon tetraohloride and trichlorethylene. (See section 1102 for provisions applisable.) (c) Dry cleaning shall include immersion or agitation in dry cleaning liquids, also brushing or scouring with such liquids and the pro- cess of dyeing in a solution of dye colors in such liquids. (d) Spotting iB the local application of dry cleaning liquid to spots of dirt, grease, paints or stains, on wearing apparel, textiles, fabrics, rugs, furs and similar articles. 1102. - Dry Cleaning with Nonflammable Dry Cleaning Li uid .-f Dry cleaning opera ions employing only nonflammable dry cleaning liquids shall be subject to the requirement for permits in Section 1104 (a), but shall be exempt from all other provisions of the Chapter. 1103. - Sale of High Hazard Dry Cleaning Liquids Restricted. - (a) No person shall sell any high hazard dry oleaning liquid in other than sealed containers of not more than 16 fluid ounces capacity without a permit therefor. tb) The sale for dry cleaning purposes of high hazard dry cleaning liquid in quantities exceeding 16 fluid ounces, to other than those holding a permit for dry cleaning is prohibited ; provided that this does not prohibit the sale to jobuers and others licensed to Selland distribute such liquids. 1104. - Dry Cleaning Permits. - (a) Nd person shall perform any dry cleaning whether of a commercial or private nature, using more than one quart of high hazard dry cleaning fluid (liquid) or more than one gallon of low hazard dry cleaning liquid or nonflammable dry cleaning liquid, whit- out a permit therefor. (b) No permit shall be granted for any dry cleaning operation employing high hazard or low hazard dry cleaning liquids except in a plant conforming to the reouiremants thereinafter given. 1105. - SAottin . - High hazard dry cleaning liquids shall not be used for spotting unless kept in and applied from approved safety cans. In any mom not conforming to the provisions of this ordinance for dry cleaning with high hazard dry cleaning liquids the use of high hazard dry cleaning liquids for spotting shall be limited to one quart. 1106. - Buildings in 'Nhich Dry Cleaning is Done with High Hazard Dr Cleaning Liquids. - a Dry cleaning with high hazard dry cleaning 1 quids shall not be done in buildings closer than ten feet to the line of adjoining property, except that walls of the dry cleaning building which are of brick �3 T• * - r not less than 12 inches thick or equivalent and without openings may be located on the property line, but in no case shall more than two sides have blank walls. (b) Height shall be not over one-story, without attic, con- cealed roof space, basement or pits. (c) Walls shall be of standard brick or equivalent construction. Wall finish shall be either plain or plastered without furring. Division walls between this and other buildings shall be blank. Wired glass for windows shall be in sash so hung that they will readily swing out in case of an explosion. Such sash shall not be secured. Glass area in walls shall be so located as to vent the force of any explosion in the direction or directions of least exposure. (d) Two exits shall be provided remote from each other and leading directly to the outside of the building. Doors shall be approved fire doors. (e) Floor shall not be below grade and shall be free from pits, wells and pockets. The wearing surface shall be of incombustible material. (f) Roof shall be flat, of fireproof construction. If, due to local oonditions, it is desireable to vent possible explosions upward, the roof shall be of light construction of incombustible material. (g) Skylights shall be provided. They shall be constructed of metal frame and sash and be provided with wired glass. The sash shall be of the pivot type, and so hung as to readily swing out in case of an explosion. 1107 - Buildings in I;hich Dry Cleaning is Done with Low Hazard Dry Cleaning Liquids Only. - a Dry cleaning operations using only low hazard dry cleaning liquids shall not be carried on in buildings of frame construction or of residential occupancy. Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, such dry cleaning operations shall not be carried on in a building with other occupancy unless separated therefrom by partions having a fire resistance rating of not less than one hour without openings, and by ceilings of not less than j inch gypsum plaster on metal lath or its equivalent. (b) Rooms used as above shall not have floors below grade or with pits, wells or pockets; the floors shall be of noncombustible con- struotion or covered with noncombustible material. Such rooms shall not be located above another story other than a basement; if over a basement, the floor shall be tight against passage of liquids or vapors to the basement. (c) W4ere all drying is done in drying tumblers approved by Underwriter's Laboratories, Inc., or where washing and drying are accomplished in a closed system approved by the ,Underwriter's Laboratories, Inc. , the partitions separating such dry cleaning plant from other occupancies. may have door openings therein if protected by approved self-closing fire doors, and where a hazard in not thereby created, the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention may permit the omission of such partitions if automatic sprinkler protection is provided. 1109. - Drying Rooms. - Rooms in which articles are hung up to dry after cleaning shall be separated from dry cleaning rooms by partition having a fire resistance rating of not less than two hours if high hazard cleaning liquids are used, and not less than one hour if low hazard dry cleaning liquids are used. Entrances to drying rooms shall be provided with approved, self-closing fire doors. Ventilation of drying room shall conform to the requirements for ventilation of dry cleaning rooms and the provisions for fire extinguishing equipment shall be complied with. If the drying rooms is in a separate building, it shall conform in con- struction and equipment to all requirements for dry cleaning buildings. 1109. - Mechanical Ventilation. - (a) A mechanical system of ventilation of sufficient capacity to insure complete and continuous ,�l//. change of air in dry cleaning rooms once every three minuies shall be installed and shall be provided with means for remote control. (b) The blades and spiders of all exhaust fans shall be of non-ferrous material or the casing shall consist of or be lined with such material. 1110. - Electrical Equipment.n (a) In rooms where dry cleaning is done with high hazard dry cleaning liquids all electrical equipment shall be installed in accordance with the National Electrical Code requirements for hazardous locations. (b) In rooms where dry cleaning is done with low hazard dry cleaning liquids all electrical equipment within six feet of the floor shall be installed in accordance with the National Electrical Code require- ments for hazardous locations, unless drying is done in drying tumblers approved by the Underwriter's Laboratories, Inc., or washing and drying are accomplished in a closed system approved by Underwriter's Laboratories, Inc. 1111. - Heating_Equipment. - (a) Heating shall be by steam or hot water only. Steam and hot water pipes and radiators for heating and drying purposes shall be at least one inch from all woodwork and shall be pro- tected by substantial metal screens arranged so as to prevent combustible goods or materials from coming in contact with such pipes and radiators. (b) Boilers shall be located in a detached building or in a boiler room cut off from the dry cleaning room by a partition havini a fire resistance rating of not less than two hours with openings protected by approved self-closing fire doors and having sills raised at least six inches above the dry cleaning room floor, provided that where high hazard dry cleaning liquids are used such separating partition shall be a standard brick wall or equivalent and shall be without openings. 1112. - Storage Tanks. - All storage tanks for dry cleaning liquids shall be underground, installed and equipped in accordance with Chapter IX of this ordinance, except that inside (aboveground) storage tanks may be used for low hazard dry cleaning liquids provided the aggregate quantity of such liquid in the storage tanks and throughout the system does not exceed 550 gallons, and the individual capacity of any tank does not exceed 275 gallons. 1113. - Handling of Dry Cleaning Liquids. - (a) The handling of liquids from and to the various machines shall be through closed circuits of piping. Pumps of positive displacement type shall have a by-pass and relief valve. (b) Gauge glasses and look boxes ar windows, the breakage of which would permit the escape of liquids, shall be of a type not readily damaged by heat and shall be reliably protected against mechanical injury. (c) A separate suction and discharge connection shall be pro- vided to the pump for removal of sludge from the treating and settling tanks. The suction pipe shall be carried to the tank bottom, and the discharge connection to an approved spparator. (d) All piping shall be tested to a pressure of at least fifty pounds and proven tight and otherwise protected against mechanical injury. 1114. - Washing Machines. - (a) Each washing machine shall be pro- vided with an over-flow pipe one size larger than the size of the supply line to the machine. Such over-flow pipe shall be connected to the shell of the washer so that the top of the over-flow is below the bottom of the bearings; it shall be without shut-off valves and shall be arranged to discharge to suitable tank. (b) Washing machines shall be provided with liquid-tight doors of the outside case hinge type, arranged to be self-closing or to close automatically in case of fire. (c) Individual button and lint traps shall be provided for each washer and a master strainer shall be installed in the main waste line. 1115. - Clarifying 9guf went. - (a) Clarifiers, stills, condensers and treating tanks shall be of a type which will not expose the liquid during any part of the process of reclamation. Steam or hot water only shall be used for heating. Stills and condensers shall be liquid and gas tight and provided with safety valves discharging to the outside air. (b) Each still and other container for high hazard dry cleaning liquid shall be provided with an automatic heat actuated emergency drain connection of ample capacity to discharge entire contents to underground storage tanks within a period of five minutes. lllb. - Drying Tumblers and. Cabinets. - (a) Drying tumblers and cabinetss_Pell be vapor-tight and, unless of a type approved by Under- writer's Laboratories, Inc., shall be provided with self-closing explosion hatches having an area equal to at least 10 per cent of the total area of the cylinders, excluding the ends. Hatches shall be arranged to open away from the operator. (b) Drying tumblers shall be provided with a steam jet, for steaming during the drying process. (c) Drying tumblers and cabinets shall be ventilated to the outside air by means of properly constructed pipes and ducts connected to an exhaust fan of sufficient capacity to remove all dust, vapors or fibres generated by the process. Such discharge pipes shall be carried to a height of not less than six feet above the roof. Discharge pipes shall not terminate within ten feet measured horizontally from any door, window or frame wall or any adjoining or adjacent building. The fan shall be properly housed and kept in operation while the drying tumbler is in use. 1117. - Extractors. - (a) Extractor baskets shall have a rim of non-ferrous metal and shall be well balanced. (b) Extractors shall be provided with a cover of non-ferrous metal or brass screen held in a substantial frame. (c) Extractors shall be provided with a drain pipe not less than lJ inches in diameter connected direct to storage tanks or to the washer through an approved extractor pump with connections fitted with proper gate valves. (d) Brakes, if used, shall be so designed as to prevent the striking of sparks or developing excessive heat. 1118. - Scouring, Brushinw and Scrubbing. - (a) All scouring and brushing and scrubbing operations shall be carried on in the dry cleaning room or in a separate room conforming to all the requirements for dry cleaning rooms. (b) Scouring and brushing tables shall have a liquid-tight top with a curb on all sides not less than one inch high. The top of the table shall 'be so pitched as to ensure thorough draining to a 1f inch drain connection with liquid seal trap direct to a storage tank. Metal tops where used shall be liquid-tight, and permanently and effectively grounded. The table shall be secured to the floor or wall. (e) Scouring and brushing tables and scrub ing tubs shall be so located as to ensure trough and effective disposal of vapors through the ventilating system. (d) Scrubbing tubs shall be secured to the floor and shall be provided with permanent lJ inch trapped drains to storage tanks; the total amount of solvent used in such open containers shall not exceed 3 gallons. 1119. - Fire Extinguishing Equipment. - (a) Approved extinguishing devices of a type suitable for use on oil fires shall be provided. These may be hand extinguishers and, if necessary, wheeled extinguishers, de- pending upon the size of the plant. In no case shall there be less than -1.6. r ' v s r one foam type extinguisher of the 2j gallon size at each entrance. (b) Where high hazard dry cleaning liquid is used each dry cleaning room, and where either high hazard or low hazard dry cleaning liquid is used,- each drying room and each washing machine and each drying tumbld.r or cabinet shall be eouipped with an approved extinguisher system employing a fire retarding chemical or gas or steam. Supply pipes shall be of sufficient capacity to completely fill the room or space in less than one minute. Suitable operating valves shall be located outside the protected room. Such systems shall be continually available while the plant is in operation. 1120. - Eoui meet to be Securely Fastened and Irlectrically Grounded.All machinery and containers shall be rigidly fastened to a substantial foundation or to the floor and shall be electrically grounded. All revolving parts of machinery shall be grounded through the end of the shaft in addition to grounding the shell of the container. In dgy cleaning rooms where high hazard cleaning liquids are used, all pulleys and belting in the dry cleaning room shall have grounded collectors or other suitable devices for the removal of static electricity. CHAPTER XII PREVENTION OF DUST EXPLOSIONS 1201. - The Bureau of Fire Prevention is hereby authorized to prohibit further operation in any grain elevator, flour, starch or feed mill or plant pulverizing cocoa, sugar, spices, coal or other material producing flammable dusts where: (a) elevator legs, spouts, hoppers and other conveyors are not dust tight. (b) Accumulations of dust are permitted in the interior of the building and a suitable dust removal system is not maintained. (c) Open flame or spark producing equipment is permitted in rooms containing dusty atmospheres. (d) Pneumatic or magnetic separators are not maintained ahead of all grinding or pulverizing machines. (e) Operation is not under competent supervision. (f) Machinery and parts of the crushing, drying, pulverizing and conveying systems are not adqquately grounded. (g) It shall hereafter be unlawful to operate any grain elevator, unless�such grain elevator, etc. be in compliance with Reference # IA. r T CHAPTER %III HAZARDOUS CH IU ICALS 1301. - The Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention shall be em- powered to restrict the storage, handling and sale of chemicals and chemical compounds which are of a corrosive or poisonous nature,or which materially increase the fire hazard. Where kept in containers or packages usual to the retail trade, no general restriction shall apply other than shelving shall be substantial and storage shall be neat and orderly. 1302. - Acid Storage. - (a) Not mcr e than 1 carboy of nitric, muriatic or sulphuric acid, nor the like acids, shall be kept stored in the City of Fort Worth unless the same be stored and kept in a fireproof acid room of one hour fire resistive construction as defined in the Building Code. The floor of the said acid room shall be of concrete and a sump shall be constructed at the lowest point of the acid room floor, capable of containing at least two carboys of acid. There shall be a sill constructed of brick or concrete rising not less than nine (9) inches from the floor. On the outside of all walls or doors of the acid room there shall be signs reading: "ACID STORAGE" in letters not less than three (3) inches in height. All acid rooms shall be vented to the outside air. (b) All acids mentioned in this article may be stored out- side the walls of any building in an open lot or yard, provided that such lot or yard be inclosed with a tight and secure fence of wire mesh, with signs attached thereto designating that acid is being stored in the enclosure. Letters for such signs shall be not less than three (3) inches in height. 1303. - Separation May be Required.-3 The Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention may require the separation, or isolation of any chermcal which is of a nature which in combination with other chemical or with organic matter may bring about a fire or explosion or may liberate a hazardous or poisonous gas. 1304. - Exception. - This article shall not apply to the manufacture of acid in the process of manufacturing such acid; provided, however, that the Chief of the Fire Department and/or Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention may specify such regulations as he may deem necessary for the safety of life and property. 1305 - Definition. - The terms "fumigation" and 'hxtermination by fumigation are hereby defined to mean the use of hydrocyanic acid gas, cyanogen, chloropicrin, methyl bromide, or any other poisonous, noxious or dangerous gases or fumes which are liable to affedt human beings by causing sickness or death, for the extermination of insects, vermin, rats or other pests in any place of domestic habitation, hotel, apartment hotel, apartment building, ienement building, store office, hospital, asylum, home, rooming house, place of public assembly, or any other building or place. 1306. - Duties of Fumigator. - It shall be the duty of any person intending to generate or release hydrocyanic acid gas, or other dangerous gases or fumes for fumigation purposes, before starting such generation or release of said gases, to file written notice with the Inspection Division of the Health Department, the Police Department and the Fire Department of the City of Fort Worth at least twenty-four (24) hours before beginning such fumigation. Such notice shall state the following particulars. (a) The location of the building or place to be fumigated. (b) The type of fumigation to be used, including the kind of gas or fumes. 7�� � r 1307. - Inspection to be Made by Fumigator.- When hydrocyanic acid gas, or other dangerous gases or fumes are to used for fumigation, the person undertaking such fumigation shall personally inspect the premises before beginning the fumigation and shall serve notice over his sig- nature upon all responsible occupants of each room or apartment within the danger area, stating the danger of the process and the precautions to be observed, designating the rooms or apartments which must be vacated and indicating the time when the gas is to be generated of liberated. The .form of this notice shall be approved by the Director of Public Health of the City of Fort north. 1309. - Fumigator to Lock all Means of Entrance. - Before fumigation the person fumigating shall personally inspect all rooms and apartments ordered vacated under Section 1307 and shall see that such rooms are unoccupied by persons or domestic animals, after which all doors to said rooms, excepting on a exit door to the rooms or apartments to basgadsed shall be securely locked and sealed. In addition such windows or wall openings as might possibly be used to gain entrance shall be sealed and shall be locked or barred in such a way as to prevent entrance. Immediateiry upon generating or liberating the gas, the door through which the fumigator leaves shall be securely looked and sealed, and all keys obtainable at all the rooms or apartments ordered vacated shall be retained by the fumigator until all danger is passed. 1309. - Sims to be Posted. - Prior to beginning fumigation, suitable warning signs shall be posted on all entrances or doors to the premises to be fumigated, as follows: "DANGER" FUMIGATED WITH POISON GAS KEEP AWAY BY ORDER 0 THE; DIRECTOR OF PUBLIC HEALTH OF THE CITY OF FORT WORTH (Name, address and telephone number of Fumigator) Such signs shall be not less than 24 inches by 1$ inches, and shall be printed in red ink on white cardboard or metal white background, The letters in the word "DANGER" shall be at least two inches high, and all others, except the egnature of the fumigator at least three-fourths of an inch high. At night, and in such places where the natural light between sunrise and sunset is dim, such scenes shall be illtminated so as to make the reading matter thereon plainly legible. 1310. - Guards to be Poded. - Whenever hydrocyanic acid gas and other dangerous gases and fumes are used for fumigation, a sufficient number of guards shall be kept at the entrance to the building or place to be fumigated, in order to prevent any person from entering such building or place while the gas remains therein, such guards shall re- main on duty until after the building or place is opened for airing, and until the gas has been completely dispelled from such building .or place. The fumigator shall be responsible for reopening suhh building or place after the fumigation, and shall be responsible for seeing that such building or place is safe for human habitAtion before allowing persons to re-enter. 1311. - Necessary and Reasonable Precautions to be Taken. - All persons fumigating or engaged in extermination by fumigation shall take all necessary and reasonable precautions and safeguards in connection with such fumigation as shall be necessary to protect all persons who might be affected by such fumigation. 1312. - Penalty for Violation. - Any person violating any of the provisions of this Chapter shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be punished by a fine in any amount not exceeding 10q.00 foi each offense and eachday that such violation continues s all constitute tea • r a separate and distinct offense. 1313. - Poisonous Gas Storage - Room Required. - hydrocyanic acid gas, cyanogen, c lorop Grin, methyl bromide, or any other poisonous, noxious or dangerous gases, chemicals or fumes, which when released are liable to cause sickness or death shall not be kept stored within the City of Fort North unless the same be kept stored in a fireproof room of four hour fire resistive construction as defined by the Building Code. The floor shall be of concrete and there shall be a sill con- structed of concrete rising at least nine inches from the floor. On the outside of all walls and doors there shall be signs reading "Poisonous Gas Storage" in letters not less than four inches high. All such rooms shall be vent$d to outside air. Doors shall bemain locked at all times, except when actually transferring such gases and chemicals. 1314. - Requirements for Vehicles Transporting Dangerous Chemicals. - Vehicles transporting dangerous gases or chemicals shall comply with the following minimum requirements: (a) Any vehicle transporting dangerous gases or chemicals shall be placarded on the front end, both sides and rear with the words "DANGi�ROUS CHEMICALS" in white letters at least 3 inches in height. (b) All vehicles when used for the transporting of dangerous chemcials shall be inspected to determine that: That brakes and steering mechanism are in effective working condition; the electric wiring is well insulated and firmly secured; and in general, the vehicle is in proper condition for safe transportation of dangerous chemicals. r • t S T � d� r CHAPTER XIV COMBUSTIBLE FIBRES 1401. - The term combustible fibres shall include cotton, sisal, henequen, ixtle, jute, hemp, tow, cocoa fibre, oakum, baled waste, kapok, hay, straw, Spanish moss and excelsior. 1402. - Loose fibres (not in suitable bales or packages) , whether housed or in the open, shall not be stored within 100 feet of any building except as hereinafter specified. 1403. - Not to exceed 100 cubic feet of loose combustible fibre may be kept in any building provided storage is in a metal-lined wooden bin, equipped with a self-closing metal-lined cover. 1404. - Quantities exceeding 100 cubic feet of loose combustible fibre, but not exceeding 500 cubic feet, may be stored in rooms or compartments having floor, walls and ceiling constructed of material possessing sufficient fire resistance to withstand a standard one-hour fire test. Opening into such rooms or compartments shall be cut off from other parts of the building by approved fire doors. 1405. - Quantities exceeding 500 cubic feet of loose combustible fibre may be stored in approved vaults, constructed as follows: (a) Storage vaults shall preferably be located outside of buildings. If located inside, safety vents to outside air shall be provided. (b) Walls, floors and ceilings shall be constructed of brick or other approved non-combustible material. Roofs of outside vaults shall likewise be of non-combustible material but may be so constructed as to readily give way in case of an internal explosion. (c) Openings, if any, between vault and main building shall be protected on each side of the wall by an approved fire door. Wall openings in outside vaults exposing other property (not sufficiently detached to be considered tut off) shall be protected by approved fire doors or equivalent. (d) Vaults located within buildings and exceeding 1000 cubic feet storage capacity shall be protected by approved automatic sprinklers, if possible. Where such priotectfon is not available, steam jets or inert gas systems approved for fire extinguishing purposes shall be installed. 1406. - Not to exceed 2500 cubic feet of loose fibre may be stored in detached "loose house" suitably located, with openings properly pro- tected against entrance of sparks._ The "loose house" shall be used for no other purpose. 1407. - Blocks or piles of baled fibre shall be separated from adjacent storage by aisles not less than 5 feet wide; or by flash fire barriers consisting of continuous sheets of non-combustible material extending from floor to a height of at least one foot above the highest point of piles and projecting at least one foot beyond the sides of the pile. 1408. - Sisal and other fibres in bales bound with combustible tie ropes, also jute and other fibres liable to swell when wet, shall be stored to allow for expansion to the extent of 20 per cent of their bulk In any direction without endangering building walls, ceilings or columns. Not less than 3 feet clearance shall be maintaned between sprinkler pipes and tops of piles. Not less than 3 feet clearance shall be left between walls and sides of piles, except that if storage compartment is not more than 30 feet in width, one foot clearance at side walls will be sufficient, provided a center aisle not less than 5 feet wide is maintained. L L • T , ` ' s� .• T � T •; T S � T • i , t. 1 ♦ CHAPTER XV REFRIGERATION 1501. - (a) No installation of a refrigeration unit or system con- taining in excess of 20 pounds of refrigerant shall be made until a per- mit has been obtained from the Bureau of Fire Prevention,except that no permit shall be required for non-condensing refrigerating systems using air as a refrigerant. (b) Systems requiring a permit and containing any refrigerant which is harmful to health and the vapors of which are not readily apparent through odor or irritating effect shall have added ti such refrigerant a suitable leak detecting agent which will give warning before dangerous concentrations are reached. This restriction shall not apply to systems employing carbon dioxide. (c) For the purpose of this ordinance a "toxic" refrigerant is one falling in Underwriter's Laboratories, Inc. toxicity classification Groups 1 to 4 inclusive. The following refrigerants are toxic as thus defined, or are flammable or both toxic and flammable. Ammonia Methyl Bromide Butane Methyl Chloride Dichlorethylene Methyl Formate Ethane Propane Ethyl Bromide Sulphur Dioxide Ethyl Chloride 1502. - Except in plants used exclusivemly for ice making, refrig- eration or cold storage no system containing over 100 pounds of toxic or flammable refrigerant shall be installed unless ti conforms to the following provisions: (a) Refrigeration shall be by the indirect method, except that direct refrigeration will be permitted in rooms, vaults or other spaces used for storage only, or in connection with a manufacturing process located on the ground floor only and with adoquate exit facilities. No brine circulating system employing a brine having a flash point below 1600 F. shall be permitted in any location in which an indirect system only is permissable. (b) Each compressor shall be in a special machinery room with suitable exit to the outside. Adequate means for ventilation shallbe provided by a door or window opening to the outside or a mechanical system of ventilation shall be provided. (c) Remote control shall be providedsuch that all machinery can be shut down without entering the machinery room. (d) Suitable mask shall be provided, which shall be kept in operative condition in an easily accessible case or cabinet immediately outside the machinery room. (e) All doorways between the machinery room and other parts of the building shall be normally closed and shall be tight fitting. No other openings between the machinery room and other parts of the building shall be permitted. (f) No open flame or spark producing device shall be permitted in any refrigerating machinery room with a system containing a flammable refrigerant. 1503. - (a) No system containing over 1000 pounds of butane, ethane, propane or other refrigerant having a flash point below 250 F. shall be permitted within No. I Fire Zone. (b) No system of the intermittent absorption type containing over 1000 pounds of refrigeratLth shall be permitted, and no system of the intermittent absorption type containing over 100 pounds of refrigerant shall 1-I"3• V S + be permitted unless the heating medium is low pressure steam. (c) Coils carrying refrigerants which are flammable or which are toxic as defined in Section 1501 (c), shall not be placed in air dins or other air circulating passages of air cooling systems. Brine or water cooled by such refrigerants may be sprayed into such air passages or may be circulated through coils located in such passages, but no such brine shall contain any flammable constituent. (d) The suction valve, the main discharge valve, and liquid or expansion valve, and all other valves vital to the control of the refrigerating liquid or fumes, shall be painted and kept painted with white paint, so that such vital valves shall be readily designated for control purposes by members of the Fire Department, or any other person desiring to shut down such plant for purpose of controlling escaping liquid or fumes. The main electrical control switch shall also be designated and made conspicuous by white paint, and labeled with letters not less than one and one-half 11*) inches in height, for emergency use by persons desiring to shut down any plant. 1504. - (a) All refrigerant piping, tubing and fittings shall be of a material suitable for the refrigerant employed. ((b) Standard wall thickness pipe may be used where a test pressure of )00 pounds or less is required; where the test pressure is in excess of 300 pounds extra heavy pipe shall be used. If flanged fittings are used they shall be of the recessed gasket type. Piping shall be zz* rigidly secured in place. (c) Approved seamless metal tubing of copper or other material suitable for the refrigerant may be used for refrigerant lines in systems containing not over 100 pounds of refrigerant. (d) Elevator, dumbwaiter or other shafts containing moving objects shall not be used for outlet or jurction boxes, nor for tubing or piping carrying refrigerant. (e) Systems of more than 20 pounds capacity, or systems supplying two or more evaporators, and using seamless metal tubing for refrigerant lines, shall have all such tubing, except between the com- pressor and the nearest riser box or manifold, installed in iron pipe or other metal enclosure, with suitable metal outlet boxes for manifolds and for all valves except those at the evaporators. Flexible metal enclosures may be used at bends or at terminals if not exceeding 6 feet in length and rigidly fastened to connecting pipe and/or valve boxes. Each run of pipe shall be sealed or plugged at each junction box inlet with a material not affected by moisture or the temperature of the line. All joints shall be accessible and shall be of sweated types, except that flared joints may be used for tubing not more than 5/9 inch in diameter and where the required test pressure does not exceed 180 pounds. Enclosures shall be rigidly secured to the walls or other support. Tubing shall be independently supported in such a manner as to prevent excessive vibration and strains at joints and connections. Valves, service connections and joints in tubing shall be rigidly secured in suitable metal boxes at accessible points. 1505. - No system shall be placed in operation until the complete installation has been tested by the installer in the presence of the authority enforcking this code. A certificate of approval shall be posted on the premises where the system is installed. Tests shall include a vacuum test of the complete piping system, preferably with the evaporators installed, but valves thereon may be closed to prevent withdrawal of the refrigerant; under this test a vacuum of 20 inches of mercury shall be placed upon the system and shall be held for a period of 20 minutes, with no detectable drop, after the pump has been stopped. After the vacuum test, the system of piping shall be tested by application of the pressure indicated in the table following. Test Pressures High Side Part Low Side Part Refrigerant Used Lbs. per sq. in. Lbs, per sq. in. Carbon Dioxide 1,500 750 Ammonia 300 150 Methyl chloride 150 90 Sulphur dioxide 135 50 Iso-Butane 130 50 Butane 75 35 Ethyl chloride 50 25 Methylene chloride 15 15 Monofluorotrichloromethane(Fll) 30 30 Dichlorodifluoromethane (F12) 235 1 5 Trichlorotrifuloroethane (F113) 30 30 Dichloromonofluoromethane F21 70 30 DichlorothetraflueroethanX11 1 75 30 1506. - In systems exceeding 20 pounds capacity, the compressor, if not located in a machinery room, shall not be located under stairways or near dumb waiter or elevator shafts; shall be located as nearly beneath. the riser as practicable; shall preferably not be in a room containing storage or combustible material; shall in any case be located in an accessible part of the building with adequate lighting facility provided; and shallbe protected against mechanical i*ry by a non-combustible parti- tion, or by heavy metal netting secured to two by four-inch wooden studding or to metal posts. 1507. - Shut-off valves shall be installed at each service outlet in pressure and return lines, and in each riser or manifold connection at or near the compressor. These valves shall be fitted with a hand wheel or other means of ready operation as an integral part thereof, Valves in service connections shall be located outside of refrigerating unit and at such distance above the floor as will provide ready access- ibility. Evaporators which may be removed as a unit shall have valves permitting the removal of the evaporator with valves attached. 1509. - Service Connections. - (a) Not more than a single tenant shall be supplied from an outlet box on a main riser. Such outlet box shall be located within the premises of the tenant served and so arranged as to be accessible at all times. (b) No outlet or junction box shall be permitted in any hall- way, stairway or vertical shaft not out off at each story. -(c) Every refrigerator shall be rigidly secured in place. 1509. - Every system containing over 20 pounds of refrigerant which operates above atmospheric pressure, and every water cooled system con- taining over 12 pounds of ref rigeratt and capable of producing a pressure in excess of the test pressure shall be provided with a pressure limiting device. 1510. - Each system containing over 100 pounds of refrigerant shall have compressor or generator protected LDy a pressure-relief valve con- nected into the high pressure side between the main stop-valve and the compressor or generator to relieve excessive pressure into the low pressure side of the system or to the atmosphere. Where discharge is to the low pressure side, a relief valve shall be provided on the low pressure side of the system. 1511. - No stop-valve shall be located between a pressure relief device, or pressure limiting device and the part of the system pro- tected thereby, unless two pressure relief devices of required size are used, and so arranged that only one pressure relief device can be out off for repair purposes at any one time. 1512. - Systems exceeding 20 pounds capacity shall have a pressure relief device on shell type apparatus, such as liquid separators, liquid receivers, condensers, evaporators and absorbers, which can be shut off Y ' f by stop valves. 1513. - :very system containing more than 100 pounds of refrigerant shall be provided with a hand-operated relief for discharging the refrig- erant in case of fire, either to the atmosphere or to a suitable body of water. For systems containing irritant or flammable refrigerant, the discharge to the atmosphere shall be through a proper diffuser above the roof of buildings within 50 feet. The hand-Operated relief valve shall be located outside the machinery room, or shall be capable of operation from the outside. 1514. - A rupture member may be substituted for the relief valve in carbon dioxide systems operating below atmospheric pressure. CHAPTER XVI MATCHES 1601. - No person shall manufacture, transport store or sell matches exceeding in aggregate 60 matchman's gross 44,400 matches each gross) without securing a permit from the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention. 1602. - Application for permit shall be made in writing and shall set forth in detail, location of proposed storage or place of sale, or method of transportation; character of building construction, location of storage or place of sale within the building, kind of matches involved and type of containers. If, after an inspection of the premises, the provisions of this ordinance are found to have been complied with, permit shall be issued. 1603. - Wholesale Storage. - At wholesale establishments and wherever matches exceeding the quantity specified in Section 1601 are stored, shipping containers containing matches shall be arranged in piles not exceeding 10 feet in height with aisles at least 4 feet wide. 1604. - Where other materials or commodities are stored on the same floor with matches, a corner and/or other portion of the room shall be devoted to match storage exclusively, and a clear space of not less than 4 feet maintained between match storage and such other materials or commodoties. 1605. - No matches shall be stored within 10 feet of any open elevator shaft, elevator shaft opening, open stairway or other vertical opening. 1606. - Where shipping containers containing matches are opened, the contents of such broken containers shall be removed and stored in metal or metal lined bins eauipped with spring self-closing metal or metal lined covers. 1607. - Storage by Retailers. - Where matches are sold at retail original sealed packages may be stored on shelves. When such packages are broken, individual boxes shall be stored in metal. or metal lined bins as described in Section 1606 above. 1 7• CHAPTER %VII GARAGES 1701. - Permit Required. - No persons shall use any building, shed or enclosure for the purpose of servicing or repaing any motor vehicle therein, nor use any room or space having a floor area exceeding 1200 sq. feet in any building, shed or enclosure for storing, housing or keeping any motor vehicles containing flammable liquid in the fuel tanks thereof, without a permit from the Bureau of Fire Prevention. 1702. - Repair Work. - Carbon and lead burning, welding and other processes involving direct application of flame shall not be carried on in any garage housing more than twenty automobiles on any floor unless the garage is equipped with an automatic sprinkler system, or such pro- cessas are carried on in a room enclosed by walls having a fire resistance rating of not less thantwo hours, with openings therein protected by approved fire doors or fire windows, and with no opening from such room to any upper story. No repairs of any kind shall be made in any basement or sub-basement garage. 1703. - Cleaning with Flammable Liquids. - No flammable liquids with a flash point below ICOw F. shall be used in any garage for washing parts or removing grease or dirt, unless in a special closed machine approved for the purpose, or in a separate room enclosed by walls having a fire resistance rating of not less than two hours, with openings therein protected by approved fire doors or fire windows, and with no opening from such room to any upper or lower story. 1704. - Handling of Gasoline and Oils. - The reservoirs of motor vehicles shall be filled directly through hose from pumps attached to approved portable tanks or drawing from underground storage tanks. No transfer of gasoline in any garage shall be made in any open container. There shall be no facilites for gasoline handling or filling In any base- ment or sub-basement.--garage and no such filling or handling operations shall be carried on therein. No gasoline or other volatile flammable liquid shall be allowed to run upon the floor or to fall or pass into the drainage system of the premises. Self-closing metal cans shall be used for all oily waste or wasted oils. Contents of oil separators or traps of floor draining systems shall be collected at frequent intervals and re- moved from the premises. 1705. - Precautions. - (a) No waste oil such as crankcase drainings shall be kept in cans or drums above ground longer than one day, and such oil must either be removed from the premises each day or drained into an approved underground tank. (b) No oils, gasoline or other flammable liquids or compounds shall be kept or stored in any closets or lockers. All closets or lockers shall be so constructed and maintained as to permit read$r inspection at all times. (c) No tank truck, empty or otherwise, used for the trans- portation of flammable liquids, shall be admitted inside of any building for the purpose of being repaired udess such building is used exclusively for the repairing of such vehicles, and such tank, truck or vehicle shall be removed from said building immediately upon completion of repairs, and in no instance shall gasoline tanks on such vehicles be cleaned nearer than twenty-five (25) feet to any open flame. If any loaded tank.i"sf°lound to be leaking, it shall be removed at once from the streets, emptied of its contents, and the leak repaired before the truck is put into service. again. (d) No repair work of any kind necessitating the use of a blow torch or other open flame shall be performed upon a tank truck until the tank thereon is firstthoroughly cleaned and them completely filled with water and such tank shall be kept filled with water during the progresi S8• of repairs, except that, when repairs to the tank itself are necessary, the water may be drawn off for that purpose. (e) All electric motors or devices capable of emitting an exposed spark shall be located at least 4 feet above the floor. (f) No portion of the occupancies mentioned in this section shall be used for storage or keeping of goods, merchandise or any flammable material, except the necessary automobile parts, accessories and supplies. (g) No smoking or carrying of any burning materials shall be . llowed in any occupancy mentioned in this article, and notices in letters not less than 4 inches in height shall be conspicuously posted as required by the Chief of the Fire Department and/or Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention. This applies to owners, employees and patrons. (h) It shall be unlawful for any employee, attendant or patron in any occupancy mentioned in this Section, to smoke or handle any burning material of any nature while servicing any automobile or vehicle with gasoline, whether such servicing is done inside of any building or upon the sidewalk or curb area. (i) All occupancies mentioned in this article shall be kept clean at all times and Lhe floor free from oily waste, rags. All repair pits shall be thoroughly cleaned at least once a day or oftener if necessary. All floor or pit sweepings shall be removed from the building as soon as sweeping has been accomplished, or placed in metal containers approved for oil, rags , waste and rubbish. (3) The use of sawdust for absorbing oils or gasoline is strictly prohibited. Retal drip cans shall be provided for wooden floors. .sy. CHAPTER XVIII AUTOMOBILE WRECKING AND JUNK YARDS 1501. - Permit Required. - A permit shall be obtained from the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention for the establishment and maintenance of an automobile wrecking yard or a junk yard, and no such yard shall be located as to seriously expose adjoining or ad- jacent }properties. 1802. - Regulations. - No automobile or any part thereof shall be burned for wrecking or salvage purposes in or on any premises occupied as a wrecking yard. (b) Proper fire extinguishing appliances as set forth in this title shall be provided. (c) No automobile or any part thereof shall be stored for sale purposes on any street or sidewalk, or portion thereof in such manner as may interefere with the operations of the Fire Department. (d) No old discarded automobiles, or part thereof, shall be piled or stacked in any manner as to exceed 6 feet in height, or 625 square feet in floor or lot area. An aisle of at least 4 feet shall be maintained at all times between piles or stacks of old automobiles or parts thereof, in such a manner as to allow free aceess on the part of the Fire Department. (e) Nothing but automobile dismantling shall be carried on in any automobile wrecking yard or establishment, and if repairs are made to any automobile or other self-propelled vehicle, such repairs shall be made in a building meeting all the requirements of a public automobile garage or automobile repair shop, and in keeping with the regulations for such occupancy. (f) All gasoline shall be drained from the gasoline res- ervoirs of all automobiles, or other self-propelled vehicles stored or kept on the premises, unless such automobiles or vehicles are in such state of repair as to enable them to be removed from the premises under their own power. 1803. - Junk Yards. - Building Construction and Height, - At junk yards, Where large quantities of waste paper, rags anther combustible materials are handled and stored, the process shall be carried on in an building of other than wood frame construction. Height shall be not over one-story, unless building is of fireproof construction. One-story buildings shall be provided with skylights in the roof as may be required by the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention to provided adequate venti- lation in case of fire. Vertical openings shall be properly enclosed and window openings shall be protected by metal frames and sash glazed with wired glass. When building is within 20 feet of a property line or another building, packing rooms shall be separated from storage rooms by a fire partition or wall. Every storage building with an area. of �000 sq. ft. or over shall be completely protected by an approved system of automatic sprinklers. 6 d` r CHAPTER XIX AUTOMOBILE TIRZ REBUILDING PI,AWTS 1901. - Permit Required. - A permit shall be required for any tire retreading or rebuilding plant. 1902. - Tire retreading shops shall have all floor openings, such as• stair and elevator shafts, enclosed in a standard manner, and with exposed windows protected by wired glass in metal sash and frames. 1903- - Requirements for Recapping Plant. - (a) The buffing operation shall be kept in a room that is separated from the rest of the plant by a one-hour fire restricting wall, and must be equipt with an automatic fire door, (b) The cementing room shall be separated in a like manner. The door leading to this room must be an automatic fire door. (c) Solvents and cement shall be kept in a vault having walls of masonry at least 8 inches thick and provided with a fire door. (d) The boilers used in this work need not be enclosed. (e) The buffing and cementing rooms shall be mechanically ventilated to carry off dangerous vapors. (f) The buffing and cementing rooms shall have a plastered ceiling ar be provided with a sprinkler system. (g) The entire space devoted to this part of the business shall be separated from the rest of the building by a brick fire wall. Windows in this wall should be bricked up. (h) Fire doors shall be provided for the openings which give access from one portion of the building to another. - /• CHAPTER XX WOODWORKING PLANTS 2001. - ,Disposal system for sawdust and shavings. - bawmills, planing mills and other woodworking plants shall be equipped with refuse removal systems which will collect and remove sawdust and shavings as produced; or suitable metal or metal-lined bins, pro- vided with normally closed covers or automatically closing covers, shall be installed at or near such machines, and shavings and sawdust shall be swept. up and deposited in such bins at sufficiently frequent intervals as to keep the premises clean. Blower and exhaust systems shall comply with the Standards of the National Board of Fire Under- writers for the installation of Blower and Exhaust Syptems for Dust, Stock and Vapor Removal. 2002. - Removal. - Waste Wood-., - Provisions shall be made for the removal from the building of slabs and other waste piece of wood, either as produced or at the close of each working day. 2003. - Burning Prohibited. - Exceptions. - The burning of shavings, sawdust and refuse material shall be permitted only under boilers, in furnaces or in properly constructed incinerators or refuse burners; All stacks shall be provided with suitable spark arresters. At boilers or other points where sawdust or shavings are used as feel a masonry or concrete storage bin, with raised sill, shall be provided. 2004. - Fire Fighting Equipment Required. - Fire fighting equip- ment, either chemical extinguishers or small hose supplied from a suit- able water system, shall be provided near any machine producing shavings or sawdust. CHAPTER XXI INCINl BRATORS 2101. - Burning of Trash. - It shall be unlawful for any person or persons, firm or corporation, to burn rubbish, trash, waste, leaves, grass, lumber or any other combustible materials in or on any street or alley, or on any lot i.thin one hundred feet of any building in the City of Fort Worth; provided that such materials may be burned in containers that have been approved by the Chief of the Fire Department and/or Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention. G3 ' CHAPTER XXII PLACES OF INDOOR ASSEMBLY 2201. - Application. - (a) All places of assembly as defined in paragraph (b) of this section shall comply with the provisions of this ordinance. In the application of this ordinance to existing places of assembly the enforcing official may modify such of its provisions as would require structural changes if in his opinion adequate safety may be obtained otherwise and provided that a permanent record is kept of such modifications and the reason therefor. (b) "Place of assembly" as used in this Chapter shall mean a room or space in which provision is made for the seating of persons for religious, recreational, educational, political, social or amusement purposes or for the consumption of food or drink. For the purpose of this definition such room or space shall include any occupied connecting room or space in the same story, or in a story or stories above or below, when entrance is common to the rooms or spaces. (c) A permit shall be obtained by the owner or operator of any place of assembly. Such permit •shall be issued for one year from date of issuance and shall be revokable for cause. Application for permit shall be made to the Chief of the Fire Department who may require building plans, showing type of consturction, exits, aisles and seating arrangements and details of decorations, and no permit shall be issued until the provisions of this ordinance have been complied with. In addition, the Chief of the Fire Department shall obtain the approval of the Health, Police, Building Commissioner and other departments having jurisdiction as to compliance with any laws or ordinances applying to the specific occupancy of the place of assembly. (d) Before the permit is issued by the, Chief of the Fire Department, the applicant shall present an approved certificate of occupancy issued by the Building Commissioner. 2202. - Decorative Materials. - (a) All combustible decorative material, including curtains, acoustical materials, atreamers, cloth, cotton batting, straw, vines, leaves, trees and moss, but not in- cluding floor coverings, shall be rendered flameproof; provided that this shall clot be required of materials exceeding one sixteenth inch in thickness applied directly and adhering to a noncombustible base. Such flameproof ing, unless certified by Underwriters' Laboratories, Inc., or other laboratories of recognized standing as being of a permanent nature, shall be tested by the Fire Department each six months and the treatment renewed if necessary. (b) The use of imitation leather (or other material) con- sisting of or coated with pyroxylin base is prohibited. (c) Decorative materials in all places of public assembly shall be constructed of incombustible materials and shall be a proved by the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention. 2203. - Seats.T (a) In places of assembly in which seats in rows are provided, except in churches and other places for religious assembly, stadium and reviewing stands, individual seats shall be provided for the persons congregating therein. (b) The width of seat allotted for each person shall be not less that twenty inches. (c) Seats in ro ws, whether fixed or movable, shall, except in boxes or loges not exceeding sixty square feet in area, be not less than thirty inches apart from back to back measured in a horizontal direction. ��t ry i (d) When individual fixed seats are provided or required no seat shall have more than six seats intervening between it and an aisle; provided that if the seatings are fixed chairs with self-raising seats so spaced that when the seats are raised there is an unobstructed space of not less than lg inches horizontal projection between the rows of seats, and doorways leading directly to exit corridors are provided not more than 5 feat apart along the sides of the auditorium, the number of seats in a row shall not be limited. (e) In places of assembly used regularly for theatrical, operatic or similar performances, or for the display of motion pictures, seats, except in boxes or loges not exceeding dixty feet in area, shall be fixed and shall be separated by arms. (f) In boxes or loges not exceeding sixty square feet in area, and in other locations where loose chairs are permitted, not more than one chair shall be provided for each six square feet of floor space. 2204. - Aisles. - For each room or space used with chairs alone or with tables and chairs, the arrangement shall be such as will provide for ready access by aisles to each exit doorway. Aisles leading directly to exit door- ways shall have not less than 36 inches clear width xhall not be obstructed by chairs, tables or other objects. 2205. - Exits Defined. - (a) "�'xit way" means the exit doorway or doorways or such doorways togeth�er with connecting hallways, passageways or stairways, through which persons may pass safely from the place of assembly to a street or to an open space which provides safe access to a street. Exit ways from any room may lead through other rooms of the same tenancy. (b) "Exit doorway" means the doorway or other opening"through which persons may pass in using an exit way. 2206. - Basis for Determining Exits. - The basis of exit requirements shall be one person to each 15 square feet of gross area occupied, not including store Looms. When application is made for a permit in which the number of persons to be accomodated, either in any given room or space or in the gross area of the place of assembly, is greater than this basis, the exit requirements shall be based upon this greater number. There the existing exit facilities for any room or space are not sufficient on the above basis of one person to fifteen square feet, the number of persons admitted shall be reduced in pro- portion to the exits existing. Where the place of assembly is largely occupied by chair and tables, no greater number of chairs shall be permitted than that for which exits have been provided. Chairs shall include stools or other seating arraggements. 2207. - Exit Doorways. - (a) Every room, gallery, balcony, tier or other space shall have at least two exit doorways. The exit doorways shall be so located that no point in the room or space is more than 100 feet distant from an exit doorway, measured along the line of travel. (b) The aggregate clear width of doorways serving as required exits shall be not less that at the rate of 22 inches for every 100 persons to be accomodated. No exit doorway shall have a clear width of less than 44 inches, corresponding to a nominal 49 incn door, except that doorways , having a clear width of at least 30 inches may be accepted in existing places of public assembI (c) Exit doorways shall be located with proper regard to safety of the occupants and ease of exit. The size and shape of the room or space, the accessibility of streets and open spaces, the ability to use horizontal exits and the desirability of good separation of exit doorways shall be considered. 2209. - Exit Ways. - Every room, gallery, balcony, tier or other space shall have at least two exit ways, and where the capacity is more than 600 per- sons at least three exit wgcys, and where the capacity is more than 1000 persons at least four exit ways. Such required exit ways may use communicating hall- ways, corridors or passageways, and exit ways from two or more separate places of assembly may use common interior stairways, but the required exit ways for any one place of assembly shall not use a common interior stairway. 6.S 2209. - Exit Doors. - (a) All exit doors in rooms and all exit doors in ;xi ways from places of assembly shall be hung to swing in the direction of exit travel, but this requirement shall not be construed to prohibit doors swinging both inwards and outwards. (b) Revolving doors shall not be used in required exit ways except under one or more of the following conditions: (1) Where the place of assembly is in a building of fireproof construction, with no hangings, draperies, or decorations of cloth or paper, other than flame- proofed curtains. (2) Where the place of assembly and the remainder of the building are protected by an automatic sprinkler sys- tem. (3) Where the place of refuge is provided for all occupants of the place of assembly in portions of the building between the exit doors of the place of assembly and the revolving doors, and there is an exit door of the swinging type adjacent to each re- volving door. Such place of refuge may consist of hallways, stairways, or areas separated fromthe place of assembly by fire walls or fire partitions. (c) Revolving doors shall be used in exit ways only at points of egress from the first story above grade. (d) All revolving doors in exit ways shall be of an approved type which will collapse under pressure, and only the width of one leaf shall be considered in figuring exit requirements. Employees shall be in- structed in the method of collapsing revolving doors, and the doors shall be tested by collapsing at least once a month. (e) During the period of occupancy, no exit door shall be locked, bolted, or otherwise fastened so that the door cannot be opened from the inside by the use of the ordinary door knob or by pressure on the door or on a panic release device. In a place of assembly with a permitted capacity in excess of 500, and elsewhere where deemed nedessary, the exit doors shall be provided with approved panic bar release device. (f) Revolving doors shall not be considered as exits in compiling exit space as required for the apacity of the building. 2210. - MArking of Exits. - Required exit doorways shall be plainly marked by approved illuminated signs bearing in red the word "E%IT" in letters at least 4 inches high. Each sign shall be provided with two separate electric light globes, each on separate circuits, one circuit being- separated from any other circuit in the building. All signs shall be illuminated during any time that the building is occupied. (b) Directional signs, as required, shall be placed on walls or otherwise displayed in conspicuous locations to direct occupants to exits. 2211. - LiRhtin of Exits. - (a) Required exit ways shall be kept adequately lighted at all times that the place of assembly served thereby is occupied. (b) The artificial lighting of the room and of exit ways there- from shall be by electricity so arranged and supplied that interruption of supply to any lighting branch circuit will not result in extinguishment of all the lights in the room or all the lights along any exit way. 2212. - Use of Exits. - No part of a stairway, whether interior or exterior, nor of a fire tower, nor of a hallway, corridor, vestibule, balconey, or bridge leading to a stairway or exit of any kind, shall j,- be used in any way that will obstruct its use as an exit or that Will present a hazard of fire. 2213. - Stairways. - (a) Construction. - Where a place of assembly is located above the second story above grade interior exit stairways shall continue to the roof; provided that in case of roofs having a pitch exceeding one in four, such stairways shall not extend through the roof but shall be connected by a communicating hailways in the top story. r,xcept in existing buildings, required interior exit stairways from a place of assembly shall be constructed of non-combustible materials throughout. All stairways shall have solid risers securely fastened in place. When treads or landings are of slate, marble, stone or composition, they shall be suitably supported for their entire length and width. Treads and landings shall be constructed and maintained in a manner to prevent persons from blipping thereon. (b) Enclosures for Stairways. - Every interior stairway constituting part of an exit way from a place of assembly shall be enclosed with partitions having a fire resistance rating of not less than two hours, provided that in existing buildings the enclosures shall have a fire resistance rating of not less than one hours. (c) Width of Stairways and Connecting Passageways. - The aggregate width of exit stairways in any story shall be not less than at the rate of twenty-two inches for every one hundred persons to be accommodated by such stairways. The minimum width shall be 36 inches. The hallway or corridor connecting a stairway with the exit doors leading to the street, or to a court or open space communicating with a street, shall have a clear width of not less than the aggregate required widths of stairways served thereby. (d) Treads and Risers. - Risers shall not exceed seven and three-quarter inches in height, and treads, exclusive of nosing, shall be not less than nine and one-half inches wide. Treads and risers shall be of uniform width and height in any one story. The use of winders is pro- hibited in required stairways. (e) Ramps used as required exit ways shall have a gradient not exceeding one foot in ten. (f) No place of assembly shall be allowed above the second floor in any wood frame building. Where the place of assembly is on the second floor of a wood frame building at least one-half the required exit capacity shall be provided by exterior stairways, or stairways separated from the first floor by fire partitions and extending direct to the street. (g) All exterior stairways shall be constructed bf non-com- bustible material, except that wooden construction may be permitted on existing buildings occupied by places of assembly on the second floor where the stairways extend at right angles to the building wall, or there are no openings below or within ten feet of the stairway. 2214. - Fire A liances. - (a) The Chief of the Fire Department shall survey, or cause to be surveyed, each place of assembly and shall designate suitable fire appliances in and near boiler rooms, kitchens, storage rooms and other occupied areas where such appliances are deemed to be needed. Such fire appliances may consist of automatic alarm systems, automatic sprinklers, standpipe and hose, or portable extinguishers. (b) All fire appliances shall be kept in working condition; all extinguishers and hose and similar appliances shall be visible and handy at all times. It shall be the duty of the owner and the occupant of each building, or part of a building occupied as a place of assembly to properly train sufficient regular employees in the use of fire appliances that such appliances can be quickly put in operation. 6�• • r t 2215. - Inspection by Fire Department. - The Chief of the Fire Department shall inspect, or cause to be inspected, each place of assembly. Such inspection shall be at least monthly and at such times, including time of occupancy and use, as to assure compliance with these regulations and such orders as may be issued in connection with the maintenance of aisle space, the prevention of overcrowding, the use of decorations, the maintenance of exits, collapse of revolving doors, and the maintenance of fire appliances. Where conditions are unsatisfactory written orders for immediate correction shall be given. 2216. - Placard Indicating Capacity. - A placard indicating the capacity of any room in number of occupants, other than employees, shall be displayed in a prominent place in the room. Such placard shall be properly attested by the Chief of the Fire Department. Any persons in excess of this capacity shall hot be provided for through the introduction of additional seats or chairs. CHAPTER XX III PLACES OF OUTDOOR ASSpSMBLY 2301. - Capacity. - (a) The capacity of any structure or enclosure for outdoor assembly shall be the number of fixed seats plus an allowance of one person for each 12 square feet of floor or ground area designated or used as standing space or for movalle seats. A dirt nce of 18 inches along any undivided bench or platform shall contitute one seat in com- puting capacity. The floor area of stairways, ramps, aisles, passageways or spaces within such structures or enclosures need for access or cir- culation shall not be considered in computing the capacity of a place of outdoor assembly, and shall not be used for seats or for standing room. (b) The number of persons admitted to any place of out- door assembly shall not exceed the capacity as computed in accordance with the provisions of this section. 2302. - Accessibility to Public Ways. - All places of outdoor assembly shall have ample and unrestricted access to public ways of approach from at least two points, remote from each other, at all tize s. An available open space approved as an area of refuge may be used in lieu of one means of access to a public way. 2303. - Grandstands. - Location. - No grandstand shall be erected on the roof of any building or structure unless such building or structure is of adequate strength to support such additional loads. 2304. - Aisles. - (a) Aisles in grandstand shall have a clear width of not less than 44 inches except that where not to exceed 60 seats are to be servedby an aisle its width may be not less than 30 inches. Steps shall not be placed in aisles to overcome differences in level unless the gradient shall exceed one foot rise in 10 feet of run. Steps in aisles shall have risers of not more than 7-3/4 inches in height and treads shall be not less than 9 inches wide, exclusive of their overhand or nosing. The tread and risers shall be so proportioned that the sum of two risers and a tread exclusive of its projecting edge, is not less than 24 nor more than 26 inches. The risers of steps in aisles, where practicable, shall be uniform in height for any floor or tier and steps shall extend the full width of the aisle. (b) There shall be not•more than 20 transverse rows of seats unless cross aisles at least 44 inches wide are provided between groups of not more than 20 rows. (c) The line of travel to the nearest exit by any aisle shall be not greater than 150 feet. 2305. - SeatinE. - (a) Grandstands shall be provided with aisles so that rows of seats between aisles shall have not more than 16 seats. Rows of seats opening on to an aisle at one end only shall have not more than 8 seats. (b) The horizontal distance back to back of seats shall be not less than 30 inches for seats having back rests or not less than 22 inches for bleacher type seats. Where the same level is used for both seats and footrests these levels shall be not less than 22 inches in width. There shall be a space of not less than 12 inches between the back of each seat and the front of the seat immediately behind it. All measurements shall be taken between plumb lines. (c) The width of seats and footboards in grandstands shall each be not less than inches. Where the same level is not used for both seat foundation an footreste, ifootrests independent of seats shall be provided. (d) Bleacher type seats and footrest of grandstand$ shall 1,�• be securely supported in such manner that they cannot be displaced inadvert- ently. Footrests which are lapped shall be provided with some positive means to prevent displacement of one pieee on the other. The end overhand of foot- rests and seats shall not exceed 6 inches. (e) Individual seats or chairs shall be permitted only if firmly secured in rows in an approved manner, except that seats if not more than 16 in number and on level floors within railed-in enclosures, such as boxes, need not be fastened. (f) The space under the seats of grandstands of combustible con- struction shall not be used except for protective purposes while the structure is occupied by the public and such space shall be kept clear of paper and other extraneous flammable materials. 2306. - Railings or Guards. - Railings or guards not less than '42 inches high above the aisle surface or platform tread whichever is adjacent, shall be provided along those portions of the backs and ends of all grandstands where the seats are more than four feet above the ground. Where the front footrest of any grandstand is more than two feet above the ground, railings or guards not less than 33 inches high above such front footrests shall be provided. Openings between the top railing or guard and walkway surface below, if more than 18 inches in height, shall be not more than 11 inches wide, Railings or guards shall be capable of sustaining a vertical load of 100 pounds per lineal foot and a horizontal thrust of 50 pounds per lineal foot. When grandstand are used adjacent to a wall or fence, railings or guards may be omitted from those portions where such wall or fence affords equivalent safeguard. 2307. - Sectional Benches. - 'Oectional benches shall conform to the re- quirements for grandstands in the matter of seat size, seat spacing, loads, seating arrangement, width of aisles and exits. 2305. - Movable Seating. - Movable seating shall not be used in permanent or temporary grandstands except as provided in 2305 (e), but may be used in places of outdoor assembly when placed upon the ground, or upon the level floor of a structure which shall be enclosed, railed or otherwise safeguarded. The arrangement of such movalle seating shall conform to 2305, Seating and 2304, Aisles. 2309. - Tents. - Location. - (a) No tent or tents shall be erected to cover more than 75 per cent of the premises; nor shall any tent be erected closer than 10 feet to other structures except as hereinafter provided. Stake lines of adjacent tents shall be sufficiently distant from each other to pro- vide an area to be used as a means of emergency egress. (b) Concession or other tents not occupied by the public need no� be separated from each other and may be erected less than 10 feet from other structures only if the administrative official deems such closer spacing safe from hazard to the public. (c) Tents each not exceeding 1200 square feet in area located on fair grounds or similar open spaces need not be separated from each other pro- vided such safety precautions are taken as are approved by the administrative official. (d) No tent shall be erected without a written permit from the Building Inspector and the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention. (e) No tent shall be erected and used to house any manufacturing concern, retail establishment or warehouse. 2310. - Flame Resistance. - (a) All tents occupied for assembly or in which animals are stabled, or tents located within that portion of the premises used by the public, and all tents in places of outdoor assembly in or about which any devices using fuels are operated, and all netting, decorative material and tarpaulins used in connection therewith, shall meet the requirements for resistance to fire prescribed in the Federal ,v. t Specification for Fire, hater and Weather Resistent Cotton Duck, CCC-D--746, when tested new, or renewed. (b) The administrative official may accept as evidence that the tents (walls, tops and combustible decorations) have proper flame resistance, the approval of a laboratory of recognized standing as being effective for the period for which license has been granted or the administrative official shall make field tests in accordance with methods recommended by the National Fire Protection Association phamplet "Flame- proofing of Textiles." (or see N.F.P.A. Proceedings 1940, p. 407j such tests shall be applied to the tent top or wall or a test lab attached thereto so as to be exposed to wear and weather the same as the tent top. The administrative official may accept the results of a test or tests made by one or more other administrative officials or a recognized testing laboratory. 2311. - Structural Requirements. - (a) All supporting members shall be of sufficient size and strength to support the structure. (b) Tents shall be adecuately guyed, supported and braced to withstand a wind pressure or suction of bO pounds per square foot. The poles, guys, stays, stakes, fastenings, etc. , shall be of sufficient strength and attached so as to resist wind pressure of 20 pounds per square foot of projected area, of the tent. 2312. - Fire Hazards. - (a) Tents shall conform to the general reeuir"ents of 2317 and to the following special requirements. (b) The ground enclosed by any tent used in connection with a place of outdoor assembly and for a reasonably distance but not less than 10 feet outside of such structure or structures shall be cleared of all flammable material or vegetation which will carry fire. This work shall be accomplished to the satisfaction of the administrative official prior to the erection of such structure or structures. The premises shall be kept free from such flammable materials during the period for which the premises are used by the public. (c) No hay, straw, shavings or similar combustible materials other than that necessary for the current feeding and care of amimals shall be permitted within any tent used for public assembly except that sawdust or shavings may be used if kept damp. (d) No smoking, fireworks or unapproved open flame of any kind shall be permitted in any tent while occupied by the public. "No Smoking" signs shall be conspicuously posted in any tent open to the public. (e) Tents shall not be used for the display of motion pictures unless safety film is used. 2313. - Aisles and Passageways., (a) Within any structure used as a place of outdoor assembly where there is not a direct access to exits, safe and continuous aisles, cross aisles, passageways, spaces or corridors leading directly to every exit and so arranged as to be conveniently accessible to every occupant, shall be maintained at all times on all floors, tiers or balconies of such structures. The aggregate width of such aisles, passageways, spaces or corridors leading to any exit shall be at least equal to the recuired width of the exit. Where several passage- ways or spaces lead to an exit each shall have a width suitable for the travel width it may be called on to accommodate, but not less than 36 inches in any case. Aisles and cross aisles in grandstand shall conform to the requirements of 2303, Grandstands. (b) Within any tent aisles and cross aisles from grandstands or other seating arrangements that do not lead directly to an exit shall discharge into an unobstructed space leading directly to one or morxits • r and so arranged as to be conveniently accessible to every occupant, and such space shall have a clear width of not less than the required width of the exit to which it leads but in no case less than 5 feet. 2314. — Egress. - (a) Every structure used as a place of outdoor assembly, and every story, balcony or tier thereof considered separately, shall be provided with at least two exits as remote from each other as practicable and direct to the outside. Iffhere the capadity of such structure or part thereof exceeds 600 there shall be at least three, and if the capacity exceeds 1000 there shall be at least four exits. The line of travel to an exit shall be not greater than 150 feet. (b) The aggregate clear width of exit doorways, spaces, stairways, ramps and passageways serving as required exits from structures used as places of outdoor assembly shall be computed on the Basis of capacity at a rate of not less than one u riiz of 22 inches width for each 100 persons to be accomodated. Required exit doorways and passageways shall be not less than 36 inches wide; required stairways, ramps and spaces shall be not less than 44 inches wide. Doors serving as exits from stairways, ramps and passages shall be of the same number of units of width as the exitways served, except that the net width of such door- ways may be of two inches less width for each unit of the exitway. Escalators may be considered the equivalent of stairways in computing exit capacity. (c) A fenced place of outdoor assembly shall have at least two exits from the enclosure. If more than 6000 persons are to be served by such exits there shall be at least three, and if xsl more than 9000 persons there shall be at least four exits. If the enclosure has an easily accessible open space or spaces which provide refuge, the aggregate clear width of exits shall be not less than half the width as computed by 2314 (b); otherwise, the exits shall be computed in accordance with 2314 (b). Exits shall be distributed as uniformly as practicable for exit purposes. (d) Where required exits from places of outdoor assembly do not discharge directly to a street or open space leading to a street, unobstructed lanes dot less than 20 feet in width shall be maintained from such exits to the street at all times while such places of outdoor assembly are occupied by the public. 2315. - Unobstructed Means of Egress. - No aisle, passageway, stair, door or other way of ingress or egress in any place of outdoor assembly shall be obstructed in any manner while such place of outdoor assembly is occupied by the public. No tent stake, guy wire, or guy rope shall be permitted in any aisle or other way of ingress or egress, nor shall any guy wire or guy rope cross any aisle or other way of ingress or egress at a height of less than 7 feet. Tent stakes adjacent to any way of ingress or egress to any tent open to the public shall be railed off, capped or covered in such manner as not to present a hazard to the public. 2316. - Nxit Lighting and Signs. - (a) Exits, and aisles and passage- ways leading to them, in structures used as places of outdoor assembly shall be kept adequately lighted at all times when such structures are occupied by the public. Artificial light shall be provided whenever natural light is inadequate. (b) Exit doorways in structures used as places of outdoor assembly shall be adequately indicated; and in strucutres having a capacity of 200 persons or more there shall be placed over each doorway or opening to be used for egress a sign with the word EXIT in plainly legible letters not less than 4 inches high and with the principal strokesof such letters not less than inch in width. (c) Exit signs shall be adequately illuminated by a reliable light source at all times when the structure is occupied by the public. (d) where necessary, suitable directional signs shall be displayed in a conspicuous location to indicate the proper direction of egress. 17K� 2317. --Electrical Installations. - (a) Except as otherwise pro- vided by law, ordinance or regulation, electrical installations shall conform to the requirements of the National Electric Code, as approved by the American Standards Association. (b) The electrical system shall be installed, maintained and operated in accordance with the Electrical Code of the City of Fort Worth. (c) The electrical system and equipment shall be isolated from the public by proper elevation or. guarding, and all electric fuses and switches shall be enclosed in approved enclosures. CaUes on the ground in areas traversed by the public shall be placed in trenches or protected by approved covers. 2319. - Storage and Handling of Flammable Liquids and Gases. - Storage and handling of flammable liquids or gases shall be in accordance with recognized safe practices. Compliance with the standards of the National Fire Protection Association shall be considered as evidence of safe practice. No storage or handling of flammable liquids or gases shall be permitted at any location at which it would jeopardize egress fromtthe structure. Refueling of equipment with Class I or Class II liquids shall be permitted only with safety containers of approved type. 2319. - Police and Fire Detail. - Police and fire details if deemed necessary in any place of outdoor assembly, shall be determined by the administrative official. 2320. - Fire Extinguishing Equipment. - (a) Fire extinguishing equipment shall be furnished by the person operating, conducting or pro- moting any place of outdoor assembly in such amount and in such locations as may be directed by the administrative official. Such fire extinguishing equipment shall be maintained in good working order and shall be operated by employees of such place of outdoor assembly who shall be properly trained for the purpose, and who shall be required to exhibit their skill on order of the administrative official. This equipment shall be main- tained in such locations as may be directed by the administrative official, who may also direct the installation of additional such fire extinguishing equipment if he deems it essential. (b) One or more methods of fire alarm and emergency communication shall be arranged by agreement between the owner and the administrative official. 74 t ' r CHAPUR XXIV FIRE EXITS 2401. - No person shall at any time place an encumbrance of any kind whatsoever before or upon any fire escape, balcony or ladder intended for a means of escape from fire. It shall be the duty of every member of the police and fire departments who shall discover any fire escapes encumbered in any manner to forthwith report to the Bureau of Fire Prevention and the said Bureau shall immediately notify the owner and the tenant to re- move such encumbrance. 2402. - It shall be unlawful for any person to place, store or keep, or permit to be placed, stored or kept under or at the bottom of any stairway, inside or outside, elevator or other shaft in any building, any combustible or flammable materials, fluids or compounds, nor shall any such combustible or flammable materials be placed or stored or kept in any place where ignition or burning would obstruct orrender hazardous, egress from a building. 2403. - No obstruction shall be permitted in hallways of tenement houses or apartment houses. 2404. - All doors, aisles and passageways within and leading into or out of places of assembly shall be kept free from easels, signs, standards, campstools, chairs, sodas, benches and any other article that if might obstruct or delay the exit of the audience, gongregation or assemblage during the entire time during which any show, performance, service, exhib- ition, lecture, concert, ball or other assemblage may be held. Clear passage from all exits and on sidewalks must at all times be maintained outside of all places of assembly. No aisle, passageway or stairway in any store shall be obstructed with tables, show cases, or other obstruction during hours said store is open to the public. It shall be the duty of the Chief of the Police Department to render assistance in the enforcement ' of the provisions of this part and to direct and-require police officers to enter all places of assembly for such purposes. 2405. - Marking of Exits. - (a) In rooms accomodating more than seventy-five persons, required exit doorways, other than those normally used for entrance, shall be plainly marked by approved exit signs, sufficiently illuminated when the floor area is occupied, to be readily i distinguished. (b) Directional signs, as required, shall be placed on walls or otherwise displayed in conspicuous locations ato direct occupants to exits. 2406. - Lighting of Exits. - (a) Required exit ways shall be kept adequately lighted at all times that the building served thereby is occupied. ` (b) In any room the artificial lighting of the room and of exit ways therefrom shall be by electricity so arranged and supplied that interruption of supply to any one lighting branch circuit will not result in extinguishment of all the lights in the room or all the lights along any exit way. FIRE ESCAPES 2407. - This paragraph shall be the same as and in compliance with the Provisions of the Texas Fire Escape Law. 44(t f GHAPTER XXV FIRE EXTINGUISHING EQUIPMENT 2501. - All basements, cellars and sub-cellars exceeding 2000 square feet in area within enclosing masonry walls, and used for the storage, sale, manufacture or handling of materials indicated in Section 2502, shall be equipped with a standard wet pipe system of automatic sprinklers and with supply from city water mains or other suitable source of supply. Where adequate heat is not provided, such systems may be omitted in in the opinion of the Chief of the Fire Prevention Bureau, concurred in by the Chief of the Fire Department, the hazard is not severe, provided that such places shall be equipped with a suitable dry sprinkler system with a fire department connection on the buildin[ front, or with suitable cellar flooding, holes properly distributed in the first floor of the building, or with an approved standpipe system, with fire department connection on the street and control devices so located and arranged that streams from nozzles on the standpipe can be controlled from the outside of the building, and also that all such places shall be provided with an approved automatic heat-actuated alarm system connected to an outgoing gong or to the central station of a supervising company. 2502. - Basements, cellars and sub-cellars requiring the above protection are those in connection with: Rag, paper or junk storage; shipping, receiving or storage of furniture, dry goods, toys and other articles involving quantities of excelsior, moss, paper and like materials; manufacture of articles containing or involving highly combustible materials; storage of dangerous chemicals, acids or flammable liquids. 2503. - The Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention shall survey each mercantile and manufacturing establishment, each school, each place of assembly, each hospital or place of detention, and each apartment house or tenement building and shall designate suitable fire appliances in or near boiler rooms, kitchens of restaurants, clubs and like establishments, storage rooms involving considerable amount of combustible material, rooms in which hazardous manufacturing processes are involved, garage sections, and other places of a generally hazardous nature. Such appliances may con- sist of automatic alarm systems, automatic sprinklers, standpipe and hose, fixed, wheeled or portable chemical extinguishers of a type suitable for the probable cl&9 s of fire, or suitable asbestos blankets, manual or automatic covers or the introduction of an inert gas. In specially hazardous pro- cesses or excessive storage appliances of more than one type may be re- quired or special systems installed. 2504. - Failure to install or provide the equipment ordered by the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention, and to maintain it in operative condition at all times, shall be considered a violation punishable as indicated hereinafter in this ordinance. Repaated disregard of such orders shall constitute sufficient basis for the revoking of any permit held. 2505 - Fire Fighting equipment Required in Various Occupancies. - (a) The following regulations shall be conformed to in the respective occupancies: 1. Apartment House, Hotel, Hospitals, One (1) 2j gallon extinguisher Rooming and Lodging Houses. for each one hundrfd (100)lineal feet in each main hall on each floor, with minimum of one (1) such extinguisher to each floor. 2. Wholesale and Retail Mercantile One (1) 2j gallon extinguisher Istablishments located in build- per two thousand (2000) square ings in which higher floors are feet of floor area-or fraction occupied by a factory, hospital, thereof. school, rooming house or place of public assemblage. 3. Factories and Manufacturing Es- One (1) 2J gallon extinguisher tablishments using combustible per two thousand (2000) square or inflammable materials. feet of floor area or fraction thereof. 4. Garages, Public One (1) 21 gallon extinguisher per two thousand (2000) square feet of floor area or fraction thereof. 5. Storage areas used for storage One (1) approved extinguisher of flammable liquids and com- per each two thousand (2000) squar( bustible materials. feet of floor area or fraction t thereof. 6. Kitchens of restaurants, clubs, Two (2) one quart carbontetrchlo- and like establishments. ride extinguishers or their equiv- alent for each two thousand (2000) square feet of floor area or fraction thereof. 7. Parking Areas, Wrecking Yards, a. One (1) 2J gallong foam type Service Stations. extinguisher or its equivalent. b. "No Smoking" and "Stop your Motor" signs. B. Public Halls used for assemb- Two (2) 2' gallon. extinguishers lage, except when located on or equivalent. ground floor. 9. Educational Institutions, Public One (1) 2J gallon. extinguisher Schools, Private Schools, Paro- each one hundred (100) linear chial Schools. feet in each hall. 10. Theatre, Motion Picture Houses, a. One (1) 2J gallon extinguisher Portion of buildings used for per two thousand (2000) feet of public theatrical purposes. floor area or fraction thereof, figuring galleries, auditorium and basement separately, and in addition, one (1) gallong extinguisher on each side of stage b. Two (2) 2J gallon extinguishers in basement or dressing room area. c. One (1) gallon extinguisher at entrance of furnace room. d. One (1) eighteen (18) foot plaster hook on eadh side of stage e. One (1) 2J gallon extin uisher for every two hundred (200� square feet of floor area or fraction j thereof in projection booth. 11. Tank Trucks One (1) 1-quart carbon tetrachlo- ride extinguisher or its equivalen (b) All extinguishers must be of a correct approved type for the several classes of hazards according to the National Board of Fire Under- writers' ratings, to-wit: Class A, B, C and D. (c) All extinguishers must be kept in a serviceable condition at all times. Soda, acid and foam type extinguishers shall be recharged at least once each year and the date of such recharge placed on the attached tag. (d) All fire-fighting equipment shall be located in an accessible and conspicuous place approved by the Chief of the Fire Department and/or Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention. 76 . . t ♦ T F (e) The foregoing provisions shall not apply where there is a sprinkler system or where equivalent protective devices exist. (f) Whenever referred to in this article "Extinguisher" shall mean an approved type extinguisher of 2j gallon capacity or its equivalent. (g) In buildings five (5) stories or higher in height, the con- tractor shall erect standpipe connections which shall be carried up with the building and shall never be less than two (20 stories below the working floor on the building. 2506. - Fire Extinguisher Salesman. - License Required. - It shall be unlawful for any person acting for himself or as an agent or represent- ative, to engage in the business of buying, selling, offering for sale, consigning to be sold, trading, bartering or otherwise dealing in new or second hand fire extinguishers, within the corporate limits of the City of Fort Worth, without first having obtained a license therefor. Such licensee to have passed any examination of fitness the Chief of the Fire Department and/or Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention., may Are- s tribe. 77. CHAPTER ZXVI GAS APPLIANCES AND CONNECTIONS 2601. - Shut-off valves on all Gas Service Pipe. - An outside valve shall be installed on every gas service pipe regardless of size that supplies large stores or factories, or places of public assembly such as churches, theatres, motion picture theatres, schools and hospitals, and on every service pipe 2J inches or larger in diameter. 26021 - Shut-off valves to be Tagged. - Shut-off cocks and valves shall be placed in suitable stop or valve boxes, manholes or vaults, the covers of which shall bear the name of the company to which it belongs and the valves if necessary tagged to properly identify their purpose. 2603. - Gas Burners Protection. - All gas burners shall be placed at least 3 feet below any woodwork or ceiling attached to wooden beams, unless the same is properly protected by a shield, in which case the distance shall be not less than 18 inches. 2604. - Gas Bracket Protection. - No gas bracket on any lath and plaster partition or woodwork shall be less than 6 inches in length measured from the burner to the plaster surface or woodwork. 2605. - Metal Connections for Gas Appliances. - All gas fired appliances, including portable heaters, hot plates, ranges, ovens and water heaters of any type used for heating and/or cooking in factories, asylums, theatres, department stores, workshops, churches, schools (public or parochial) or any building used for commercial occupancy, shall be connected to gas piping with approved, flexible tubing as specified below may be used provided there is a shut-off at the gas line connection. 2606. - It shall be unlawful for any person to use, sell, expose or offer for sale, or to install or fix, any tubular connection of fabric intended for any illuminating gas fixtures, stove, heater or lamp, or other gas appliances, unless such tube connection, hose or similar device shall be approved by the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention in accordance with the following specifications: (a) Gas tubing shall be made up in suitable lengths with end pieces securely attached by the manufacturer. (b) All gas tubing must be made up of a. strong gas-tight metal core with rubber packing and covered with a layer of good quality rubber or other suitable gas-tight material and a braided cloth covering. Such layers or covering or rubber to be put on over the metal core in such a way that it will of itself forma gas-tight wall. (c) Each length of tubing shall be labelled by the man- ufacturer with a tag attached to the tubing or a marking on the end piece, or both. The inscription shall state the manufacturer's name, the length of the tubing or any other information pertinent to the public use of this piece of tubing. (d) Rubber end pieces must be of good quality, must be at least 2 inches long, corrugated inside, and have an outside wall thickness of at least 5/32 inch at the gas appliance end and must be so attached as to stand a pull equal to lifting a weight of 50 pounds. 2607. - All gas stoves or gas plates shall be placed on iron stands at least 6 inches above combustible supports unless the burners are at least 5 inches above the base with ,metal guard plates below the burners. 2608. - Gas burners installed in low pressure steam boilers or hot water boilers or furnaces, used for heating buildings, shall be provided with thermostatic pilot light so constructed and adjusted that no gas can flow through the main burner unless the pilot light is burning, or with some other similar type of safety device serving this same end. The 7 a. t l fe r operation of the safety device which shuts off the main gas supply, shall not depend on the closing of an electric circuit. 79 ` CHAPTER XXVII MISCELLANEOUS 2701. - Combustible waste matters in buildings in Fire Zone No. 1- No persons shall be permitted to place or let remain in any box or barrel or otherwise in any building, basement, street, alleyway or yard within Fire Limit No. 1, longer than six hours, any loose straw, hay, paper, empty boxes, barrels, crates or other combustible refuse in such quantity as to become dangerous, and all owners or occupants of buildings or basements within said limit are hereby required to permit any officer or member of the Fire Department, designated by the Chief of the Fire Department and/or Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention to authorize such inspections. 2702. - Permittinq weeds, Grass, Brush, etc. , to remain on Lots.- It shall hereafter be unlawful for any person or his agent, owning, renting or having under his or their control, any lot or premises whether vacant or improved, to suffer or permit any down timber,brush, old logs, or decaying vegetable matter or any such lot or premises so that any such weeds or grass or other matter herein stated may by reason of fire endanger any adjoining property or that may be reasonably calculated to communicate fire to any adjacent premises. 2703. - Notice to Remove 'Reeds Grass Brush etc.. - Whenever in the opinion of the Chief of the Fire Department and/or Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention any debris, grass, weeds or brush or other plant growth upon any property in the City of Fort Worth constitutes a fire menance, he shall notify the owner, agent, occupant or person having control of such property, to remove within a specified time such debris, grass, weeds, brush or other plant growth. 27C4. - Burning of Uncut Grass or Weeds. - It shall be unlawful for any person, firm or corporation within the corporate limits of the City of Fort Worth, to burn or cause to be burned any grass or weeds on any private, or public property within the City. 2705. - Vacating Tenants to Clean Premises. - Whenever any person now occupying or using or hereafter occupying or using any building or premises in the City of Fort Worth as a place of business or as a residence or for any other purpose, whether such person be the owner, lessee or tenant, or in any other manner occupyinE the same, shall remove from and vacate such building or premises, then it shall be the duty of such person so vacating or removing from such building or premises to immediately remove therefrom all loose paper, rubbish, trash and waste matter of every kind and character, and to place the building so vacated and the premises adjacent thereto or used in connection therewith in a clean condition. Should the Chief of the Fire Department and/or Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention be unable to locate the lash known occupant or vacating tenant, then the owner or agent or person in charge of the vacated building or premises shall immediately, upon written notice from the said Chief of the Fire Department and/or Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention remove or cause to be removed therefrom, said rubbish, trash and waste matter. 2706. - Closing of Vacant Buildings. - Whenever any unoccupied building or structure in the City of Fort Worth is not properly secured or closed, the Chief of the Fire Department and/or Chief of the Bureau of Fire Preven- tion shall notify the owner or person having control of such premises to forthwith secure or close the same, so as to prevent unauthorized persons from gaining access thereto, and the person so receiving said notice, may appeal, in writing, from the order of the said Chief of the Fire Department and/or Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention to the City Manager, who shall determine the appeal. 2707. - Storage of Empty Containers, - The storage of empty packing cases, boxes, barrels or other similar combustible containers is forbidden wilhout a permit except in the opens Provided, however, that no permit shall be required for the storage within a manufacturing or other estab- lishment of sufficient packing cases, boxes, barrels, or other similar �Qa` containers to properly carry on its operations, but such storage shall be orderly and not so located as to endanger exit from the building. Storage in the open of packing cases, boxes, barrels or other similar combustible containers shall not be more than twenty feet in height, and shall be at least fifty feetfrom the nearest building. All such storage shall be in a compact and orderly manner. 2705. - Flammable Decorations Prohibited. - Cotton batting, straw, dry vines, leaves, trees, celluloid or other highly flammable materials shall not be used for decoration purposes in show windows or stores without a permit, provided, however, that nothing in this section shall be held to prohibit the display of saleable goods permitted and offered for sale in the store. Electric light bulbs in stores or public halls shall not be decorated with paper or other combustible materials unless such materials shall first have been rendered flameproof. 2709. - Open Flame Prohibited, - No person shall take into any building, barn, vessel, boat or any other place where highly flammable, combustible or explosive material is kept, an open flame unless such light or flame shall be well secured in a glass glove, wire mesh cage or similar approved device. 2710. - Smoking Unlawful Under Certain Conditions. - (a) It shall be unlawful for any person to smoke, carry or have al ghted pipe, cigar, cigarette or anything which is likely to produce a fire, or to light or strike a match in or an any building, structure or premises in whbh cotton, lumber, gasoline, petroleum products and other volatiles, explosives, chemicals, paint or any inflammable or combustible cbth, liquids or materials are kept, stored, processed, manufactured, displayed or used where there is conspicuously posted on or in such building, structure or premises, a sign: "NO SMOKING" by order of Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention." The words "NO SMOKING" shall be in letters at least four (4) inches in vertical length, and the balance of such signs shall be in letters at least one-half inch in vertical length, all of which shall be in legible words, and upon cardboard, metal or cloth. The said signs shall be not less than 6 inches by 16 inches in size. Two or more of such signs shall be in each room,, or portion of the building or premises which is separated from other portions, and *here the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention, or an inspector serving under him shall have found that a fire hazard would exist unless such notices are posted and complied with. It shall be the duty of the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention and his assistants to notify the owner or person in charge of such building, structure or premises, to post such notices whenever it comes to his attention that a condition exJsts which shall cause a fire hazard if such notices be not posted and complied with. It shall be unlawful for any person in charge of such building, structure or premises to fail to post such sign within three (3) days aftdr having received notice to do so. (b) Smoking may be permitted in any such building, structure or premises in any room or rooms designated for smoking purposes, and which room or rooms have been inspected and approved for smoking purposes by the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention of the City of Fort Worth or his assistants. 2711. - Disposal of Burning materials. - It shall be unlawful for any person to throw or drop or cause to be thrown or dropped, any lighted match, cigar, cigarette, burning tobacco, or other burning material in such manner that such material may possibly fall upon any combustible substance of any nature. 2712. - Disposal of Ashes. - No person shall deposit ashes, smouldering coal or embers, greasy or oily substances or other matters liable to create spontaneous ignition within ten feet of any wooden or plastered wall, partition, fence, floor, sidewalk, hay, lumber, shavings, rubbish or other combustible materials, except in metallic or other non- comoustible receptacles. Such receptacles, unless resting on a non- combustible floor or on the ground fmffi outside the building, must be kept at least two feet away from any combustible wall or partition, P/ i 1 2713. - Chimney and Smokebtadke. - Construction. - All chimneys, smokestacks or similar devices fox conveying smoke or hot gases to the outer air and the stoves, furnaces, fire boxes or boilers to which they are connected shall be constructed and maintained in such a manner as not to endanger adjacent property, and in accordance with the Building Code. 2714. - Smoke Pi es and Spark Arrestors 'Thereon. - Any person or persons operating a stove, oven or barbecue pit, ei her portable, temporary or permanent, shall have same equipped with a smoke pipe, or vent extending not less than three (3) feet above the roof, tent or canopy, and must have said smoke pipe or vent equipped with an approved spark arrestor. 2715. - Open Flame Hating Apparatus Near Combustible or Inflammables. - No heating apparatus with an opefi` ame and no artificial lighting system other than incandescent electric lights shall be used in any warehouse for the storage of rags, excelsior, hair or other flammable or combustible material; nor in any shop or factory used for the manufacture, repair or renovating of mattress or bedding; nor in any establishment for the up- holstery of furniture. 2716. - Trapdoors and Slaftways to be Marked. - All trapdoors, except those which are automatic in their operation, in any factory, building or buildings used for storage shall be closed at the completion of the-business of each day. Every outside window in a building used for manufacutirng purposes or for storage which opens directly on any hoistway or other vertical means of communication between two or more floors in such building, shall be plainly marked with the word".shaftway" in red letters at least six inches high on a white background, such warring sign to be so placed as to be easily discernible from the outside of the bui]ding. Every door or window opening on such shaftway from the interior of the building, unless the construction of the partition surrounding the shaftway is of such distinctive nature as to make its purpose evident at a glance, shall be similarly marked with the warning word "Shaftway" so placed as to be easily Visible to any one approaching theshaftway from the interior of the building. 2717. - Removal of Debris or Partially Burned Building After Fire. ,- (a) The owner or person having under his control Or in his possession upon any premises in the City of Fort Worth, any hay, straw, bales of wool, cotton, paper or other substances which have been rendered useless or unmerchantable by reason of any fire on such premises, or any debris resulting from such fire, must remove the same from such premises within forty-eight (49) hours after notice to do so has been served by the Chief of the Fire Department and/or Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention. (b) Whenever any building or other structure in the City of Fort Worth is partially burned, the owner thereof, or the person in charge or control thereof, shall within ten days after notice from the Chief of the Fire Department and/or Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention and/or Building Inspector so to do, remove all refuse, debris, charred and partiall; burned lumber and material from the ground; and if said building or other structure shall be burned to such an extent that it is rendered incapable of being repaired, as required by this, or any other ordinance, the owner of the property upon which same is located, or person in charge or control thereof, shall, within ten days after notice from the Chief of the Fire Department and/or Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention and/or Building Inspector so to do, remove all of the remaining portion of the building or structure, from the ground. (c) The Chief of the Fire Department and/or Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention and/or Building Inspector may extend the ten- day period of removal of such burned or partially burned buildings, when the insurance adjustment, if any, is still pending. • pa . j t ' • * �. Ak 2718. - Regulation of Storage of Inflammable Substances. - No tenement house, apartment house, hotel, lodging house, rooming house, hall, theatre, or place of amusement or public assembly, nor any part thereof, nor the lot on which such building is situated, shall be used as a place of storage, keeping or handling of any explosive, inflammable oils, hay, straw, excelsior paper stock, feather, rags or acids or any other inflammable substances. This article shall not apply to Drug Stores (retail wherein explosives and inflammable oils or acids are kept and stored in small quantities for medicinal purposes. ) 2719. - Hay or Straw Stacks Must be Protected.-f No person shall - in the City of Fort Worth, have, put or keep any straw or hay in stacks or piles without having the same enclosed or secured so as to protect it from flying sparks of fire. 2720. - Lights in Livery Stables or Barns. = No owner or occupant of a livery stable or .o her stable or building in the City of Fort Worth used for the purpose of housing stock, shall, by himself or those in his employ, use therein or in any place containing hay, straw or other combustible matter, any artificial light other than regular electric lights or electric lanterns. 2721. - Combustible Lam Shades. - It shall be unlawful for any person in the City of Fort Worth to attach to any electric light globe or other lamp or light in such manner as to come in direct contact with said electric globe, lamp or light, paper, cloth or other m mbustible material. 2722. - Carrying Burning Coal or Firebrands Through the Streets. - No person in the City of Fort Worth shall carry or cause to be cars ied, in any street, alley or other thoroughfare, any burning coal or fire- brands, unless the same be shut up in a covered vessel. 2723. - Building Fires on Pavement. - It shall be unlawful for any person, within the City of Fort Worth, to build a fire upon the surface of a paved street, curb or gutter. 2724. - Use of Torches or Open Flame for Thawing Out Pipes or Burning Off Paint.T It shall be unlawful to use any torch, open flame or other flame-producing device for the purpose of thawing out any pipe in or under any house, building or structure or for removing paint from any building. 2725. - Cleaning Chimneys and Burning Flues. - The owner or occupant of any house, shop or other building. in the Oity of Fort Worth shall wause the flues or chimneys thereof to be swept or burnt out as often as may be requisite to keep them clean. In case of burning out a flue, it shall be done in the daytime, and when rain is falling or when the roof of the building is covered with snow or very damp. If any persons shall suffer the flues of a house occupied by him to be burnt at any other time than herein expressed, he shall be liabel to the penalties hereafter described. 2726. - Containers for Combustible Material. - All receptacles for excelsior, waste paper, rags or other substance liable to spontaneous ignition or combustion, or otherwise to cause fire must be made of non- combustible material, and must have non--combustible covers, and if portable must have a clear air space of not less than six inches below the bottom. 2727. - Inflammable Substances. - No person shall boil any pitch, resin, turpentine, varnish or other inflammable substance in the City of Fort Worth, unless the same be done in an open space. At least ten feet distant from any building or to other property that might be injured thereby, or in a fire-proof building, excerpt that the Chief of the Fire Department and/or Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention may grant special permits for the heating of roofing materials where it is not expedient to comply with thisprovision. be maintains Catch Pans for Sidewalk Gratin scotch here shall at q11 times pan, said oa c pan 13 r to extend not less than four (4) inches past and beyond all sides of the grating or gratings, said catch pan to be regularly cleaned and kept free from all accumulations of dirt and refuse. 2729. - Sidewalk Dea�ts. - All sidewalk deadlights shall be kept in good re air, and broken deadlights shall be replaced within twenty-four (24� hours after notice has been served to make necessary repairs. 2730. - Lumber Storage. - No persons, firm or corporation shall, within the limits of the amity of Fort Worth, place, pile or cause to be placed or piled, any lumber or timber to a greater height than twenty-five (25) feet, measured in all cases from the line of the sidewalk or adjoining ground level, to the highest point of the lumber or timber piles. Any old lumber stored or kept upon, or in, any premises in the City of Fort Worth other than a lumber yard, mill yard or premises in which buildings are under construction, must be piled in a neat and orderly pi manner, free from ruboish or other waste material, in piles not to exceed six (6) feet in height. 2731. - Manner of Storing, Goods and Merchandise. - It shall be un- lawful for the owner, tenant or proprietor of any store or building in which any goods, wares or merchandise of any kind are stored or per- mitted to remain, to store, place or permit same to remain within such buildings, in any story thereof, so as to prevent and obstruct free and convenient access in case of fire, into said building, or any story thereof, from any door, window or other opening leading from said building, or any story thereof into any street or alley or to the outside of said building. All merchandise shall be stored at least 19 inches below the ceiling of any room and at least 12 inches below any sprinkler pipe. 2732. - Opeings.in Buildings. - It shall be the duty of the owner, proprietor or tenant of any building to maintain and keep not less than one opening on each street side or frontage of -building and in each story thereof for each fifty (50) feet of frontage, and to keep the same free and unobstructed, so that the Fire Department may, in case of 'fire, have ingress into said building, and in each story thereof. That the size of such openings shall be not less than 30 inches wide and 49 inches high. That said openings shall be marked with red painted circles if, and when, in the opinion of the Chief of the Fire Department and/or Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention, said marks are deemed necessary .for identification purposes. 2733 - Obstruction to Means of Egress. - No obstruction of any kind that would hinder or block access or egress lof occupants or persons, or would interfere with the operation of the Fire Department, shall be per- mitted on any fire escape, or in any hallway, passageway, stairway, window, doorway, alley or driveway in or on any premises in the City of Fort .Worth. 2734. - Emergency Elevators. - In every building in the City of Fort Worth that is equipped with one or more elevators, exceeding three stories in height, at least one elevator shall be kept in readiness for immediate use of the Fire Department, during all hours of the day and night, including Sundays and holidays,, and said elevator must be designated by a sign reading "EMERGENCY" and shall remain at the first floor level at all times when building is not open for business. 2735. - Obstruction of Basement Pipe Inlets. - No goods, wares or merchandise, or any other obstruction of any kind or description shall be stored or placed near or under any basement pipe inlet in such a manner as to interefere with the proper operation of any circulating nozzle or other device used through such basement pipe inlet by the Fire Department, in case of fire. 2736. - Fire Doors and Shutters. - All fire doors or fire stop shutters designed, constructed and installed for the purpose of retarding fire, in the City of Fort Worth, shall at all times be kept shut or closed, r ♦ Y ♦ ♦ unless the same is provided with proper fusible links or other device which will cause such door or shutter to close automatically in case of fire. No hooks, stops, pegs or other devices shall be allowed on such fire doors or shutters, that will interfere in any manner with their automatic operating in case of fire. 2737• - storage of Combustibles Near Furnace Room. - No combustible material shall be stored within ten feet of any furnace room door. 2739. - Furnishing Samples of Flammable Liquids. - Any person having in his possession or offering for sale in the City of Fort 6orth any Class I, II and III flammable liquids shall furnish a sample of same whenever requested to do so by the Chief of the Fire Department and/or Ohief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention for the purpose of testing. 2339. - Tampering with Fire Alarm Signal Boxes* Kegs; Interference with System. - No, person or persons shall open any of the signal boxes connected with the fire alarm telegraph system of the City of Fort Forth for the purpose of giving a b1se alarm, or pull the hooks therein except in case of fire or tamper, meddle or interfere in any way with said boxes, or any part thereof, by cutting, breaking, injuring or defacing the same, or interfere in any way whatsoever with the machinery, apparatus, line, wire, poles or brackets, or in fact, anything connected with any part of said fire alarmtelegraph system. No person entrusted with a key to the signal boxesshall make or cause to be made an impression of said key except by written consent bf the City Manager and Chief of the Fire Depart- ment. No person shall make or use any false key, release key, or any key not regularly issued, by the proper city authorities. No person, persons or corporations shall string wires over or above said fire alarm telegraph system, or attach wires to the poles of said system without the written consent of the City Manager by order of the City Council. 2740. - False Fire Alarm. - I f any person shall falsely or maliciously, by any means whatsoever, give an alarm, of fire when there is no fire, such person shall be fined not more than one hundred ($100.00) dollars. 2741. - Obstruction of Fire Plugs. - It shall hereafter be unlawful for any person, corporation or association of persons to obstruct in whole or in part, or cause to be obstructed in whole or in part, with or by any box car, flat car, lumber, boxes, merchandise or any material, stuff or other substance of any kind, character or description, any fire plug within the limits of the City of Fort Worth. 2742. - Same - Corporations. - In case of any corporation or association, it shall be the duty of the president, secretary, gf)neral manager and local agent of such corporation or association to see that no fire plub within the city of Fort Worth is obstructed by anything which is the property of or under the control of such corporation or association, and such persons shall be responsible for any violation of this article arising out of the act-of such corporation, association or its agents or employees. 2743. - Blocking Street, Alley or Sidewalk. - Permit Required. - It shall be unlawful for any person either for himself or as an agent or representative of another to erect any scaffold, barricade or construction tunnel, which blocks or partially blocks any part of a street, alleyway or sidewalk without first notifying the fire alarm operators of the Signal Alarm Division. ds. CHAPTER XXVIII PENALTIES FOR VIOLATION 2901. - Any person, firm, or corporation who violates any of the provisions of this ordinance, or fails to comply therewith, or who shall violate or fail to comply with any order or regulation made thereunder, or who shall buildin violation of any statement of or plans submitted or approved thereunder, or any certificate or permit issued thereunder shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof shall be punished by fine not exceeding Two Hundred Dollars ($200.00). zvery day during which a violation continues will be a separate offense. In case of a violation of any of the terms or provisions of this ordinance by any corporation, the offl cers or agents actively in charge of such business, or the person actually performing the work for the corporation, shall be responsible for the work herein provided for . 2902. - Validity. - In the event any part, section, subsection, paragraph, sentence, clause, phrase or word of this ordinance shall be declared or adjudged invalid, such adjudication shall not in any manner affect any other parts, sections, subsections, paragraphs, sentences, clauses, phrases or words of this ordinance, but all the rest hereof shall be in full force and effect just as though the part, section, sub- section, paragraph, sentence, clause, phrase, or word so declared or adjudged invalid was not originally a part hereof. 2503. - Conflicting Ordinances Repealed.. - All ordinances and parts of ordinances inconsistent herewith are hereby repealed. 2804. - Date of Effect. - This ordinance shall take effedt and be in force from and after its passage, and publication as provided by law.