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HomeMy WebLinkAboutOrdinance 26963-06-2024ORDINANCE NO.26963-06-2024 AN ORDINANCE ADOPTING THE 2024 STORMWATER CRITERIA MANUAL OF THE CITY OF FORT WORTH; PROVIDING THAT THIS ORDINANCE SHALL BE CUMULATIVE OF ALL PRIOR ORDINANCES AND REPEAL CONFLICTING ORDINANCES; PROVIDING FOR A SEVERABILITY CLAUSE; PROVIDING FOR A SAVINGS CLAUSE; AND PROVIDING AN EFFECTIVE DATE. WHEREAS, the City Council of the City of Fort Worth seeks to provide in the City to ensure the health, safety, welfare, and quality of life of the citizens of Fort Worth; and WHEREAS, Section 212.002 of the Texas Local Government Code provides that after a public hearing, the governing body of a municipality may adopt rules governing plats and subdivision of land within the municipality's jurisdiction to promote the health, safety, morals, or general welfare of the municipality and the safe, orderly, and healthful development of the municipality; and WHEREAS, Section 212.0021 of the Texas Local Government Code provides that the governing body of a municipality, by ordinance and after notice is published in a newspaper of general circulation in the municipality, may adopt, based on the amount and kind of travel over each street or road in a subdivision, reasonable specification s related to the construction of each street or road, and adopt reasonable specifications to provide adequate drainage for each street or road in a subdivision in accordance with standard engineering practice; and WHEREAS, the City of Fort Worth Storm Drainage Criteria and Design Manual was developed in 1967 and over the years was amended and revised with the most recent version being the 2015 edition of the Stormwater Criteria Manual; and WHEREAS, the City Council finds it necessary to revise the Stormwater Criteria Manual to incorporate amendments to the Floodplain Ordinance and the Grading Permit Ordinance, and to clarify the City's requirements, and revise regulations based on new data and information; WHEREAS, the City Council finds this Ordinance to be reasonable and necessary; NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT ORDAINED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF FORT WORTH, TEXAS, THAT: SECTION 1. The Stormwater Criteria Manual of the City of Fort Worth, Texas, which is attached hereto as Exhibit "A" and incorporated herein by reference is adopted in its entirety. SECTION 2. Ordinance No. 26963-06-2024 Page 1 of 2 This ordinance shall be cumulative of all provisions of ordinances and of the Code of the City of Fort Worth, Texas (2015), as amended, except where the provisions of this ordinance are in direct conflict with the provisions of such ordinances and such Code, in which event conflicting provisions of such ordinances and such Code are hereby repealed. SECTION 3. It is hereby declared to be the intention of the City Council that the phrases, clauses, sentences, paragraphs and sections of this ordinance are severable, and, if any phrase, clause, sentence, paragraph or section of this ordinance shall be declared unconstitutional by the valid judgment or decree of any court of competent jurisdiction, such unconstitutionality shall not affect any of the remaining phrases, clauses, sentences, paragraphs and sections of this ordinance, since the same would have been enacted by the City Council without the incorporation in this ordinance of any such unconstitutional phrase, clause, sentence, paragraph or section. SECTION 4. All rights and remedies of the City of Fort Worth, Texas, are expressly saved as to any and all violations of the provisions of the Code of the City of Fort Worth, or any other ordinances of the City, that have accrued at the time of the effective date of this ordinance; and, as to such accrued violations and all pending litigation, both civil and criminal, whether pending in court or not, under such ordinances, same shall not be affected by this ordinance, but may be prosecuted until final disposition by the courts. SECTION 5. This ordinance shall take effect on July 15, 2024. APPROVED AS TO FORM AND LEGALITY -9� RicharQM1,l,CS.If+{IC@11 (Jun 28 . )0 24 16:17 tnn Richard A. McCracken Sr. Assistant City Attorney ADOPTED: June 11, 2024 EFFECTIVE: July 15, 2024 Ordinance No.26963-06-2024 Page 2 of 2 ATTEST: Jannette Goodall City Secretary City of Fort Worth, Texas Mayor and Council Communication DATE: 06/11/24 M&C FILE NUMBER: M&C 24-0484 LOG NAME: 20SW REGULATION UPDATES 2024 SUBJECT (ALL) Conduct Public Hearing and Adopt Ordinance Amending Chapter 7 "Buildings," Article VIII "Floodplain Provisions" of the City Code to Establish and Regulate Critical Flood Risk Areas, Adopt Ordinance Amending Chapter 12.5 "Environment Protection and Compliance" of the City Code to Amend Regulations Governing Grading Permits, and Adopt Ordinance Adopting Revisions to the Stormwater Criteria Manual (PUBLIC HEARING - a. Report of City Staff: Stephen Nichols; b. Public Comment; c. Council Action: Close Public Hearing and Act on M&C) RECOMMENDATION: It is recommended that the City Council: 1. Conduct a public hearing in accordance with Section 212.0021 of the Texas Local Government Code; 2. Adopt the attached ordinance amending Chapter 7 "Buildings," Article Vill "F[oodplain Provisions" of the City Code to establish and regulate critical flood risk areas; 3. Adopt the attached ordinance amending Chapter 12.5 "Environmental Protection and Compliance" of the City Code to amend regulations governing grading permits; and 4. Adopt the attached ordinance adopting revisions to the Stormwater Criteria Manual. DISCUSSION: The purpose of this Mayor and Council Communication (M&C) is to adopt an ordinance establishing and regulating critical flood risk areas, adopt an ordinance amending regulations governing grading permits, and adopt an ordinance adopting updates to the Stormwater Criteria Manual. ,Floodplain Provisions Ordinance: In 2018, the Storrnwater Management Program began an initiative to determine how to communicate non-FEMA flood risk information and how to regulate small sized developments (under 1 acre) in non-FEMA flood prone areas. The initiative was developed due to increasing instances of property owners and developers outside of the FEMA floodplain being surprised by flood events impacting their properties and development plans. The significant, and often undefined risk of flooding outside of FEMA floodplains is a nationwide issue. Since that time, Stormwater staff have held public and community group meetings to discuss and receive feedback on non-FEMA flood risk regulations and worked closely with stakeholder groups, including the Real Estate Guidance Group and stakeholder groups associated with the American Council of Engineering Companies, Floodplain Management Plan, Stormwater Master Plan, and Stormwater Program. The stakeholders consisted of residents, engineers, lenders, appraisers, title lawyers, insurance agents, surveyors, developers, and builders and included the Rea[ Estate Council of Greater Fort Worth, the Greater Fort Worth Association of Realtors, the FortWorth Builders Association, the Development Advisory Committee (DAC), and the Tarrant Appraisal District. The proposed ordinance will establish non-FEMA City Flood Risk Areas (CFRAs). CFRA regulations would regulate all residential and commercial development activity less than one (1) acre that is located in a CFRA. The development activity ranges from fences, accessory structures, room additions, and new construction, up to commercial or mixed -use site development projects on less than one acre. Such development activity would require: • Elevation of structures two (2) feet above the 100-year flood elevation, and; • Submission of a certificate from an engineer to document that the development will not cause increased flood risk to neighboring properties, The City Flood Risk Area regulations shall take effect on July 15, 2024. Grading Permit Ordinance: Coordination and collaboration with development community representatives, started three (3) years ago on the proposed updates to the Grading Permit Ordinance to make the permitting process more efficient and effective. The most significant improvement is that this update will replace the Final integrated Storm Water Management (iSWM) Plan requirement with a grading permit, eliminating one step in the development review process. In addition, the updates will produce the following benefits: • Clarify submission requirements and apply review requirements uniformly across development projects; • Better define Early Grading Permits and clarify requirements for Early Grading Permits; and • Clarify exemptions and simplify review processes for public infrastructure. The amended Grading Permit Ordinance shall take effect on July 15, 2024. Stormwater Criteria Manual In 2019, the Texas State Legislature passed House Bill 3167 which amended Chapter 212 of the Texas Local Government Code. The new law required, in part, for developer construction plans to be approved by the City Plan Commission, to place a "shot clock" on review and approval deadlines for developer construction plans, and for any review comments on construction plans to cite to specific laws, regulations, or design criteria when the construction plans were not approved by the City. During the 88th Texas Legislative Session, the state law was amended to remove these requirements. While no longer mandatory, City staff and development representatives have maintained self-imposed review deadlines and clear regulations that can be cited to during construction plan reviews. To that end, City staff have prepared revisions to the Stormwater Criteria Manual to ensure that the City's requirements are clear and can be easily cited to in construction plan review comments. In addition, staff recommends changes to the Stormwater Criteria Manual based on new data and information, lessons learned from how current regulations are implemented, and to integrate the proposed revisions to the Floodplain Provisions Ordinance and the Grading Permit Ordinance. The revisions will provide clarity to the development community, and help to ensure development and public infrastructure design contribute to a safe and sustainable Fort Worth. Throughout the process, staff engaged with external and internal stakeholders to coordinate and get feedback on document revisions. Draft documents were coordinated with the DAC for review and comment. A summary of the updates to the Stormwater Criteria Manual include: • CFRA guidance and regulations are incorporated; • Final iSWM Plans are no longer required; • Drainage studies are better defined and introduced as a separate submittal to replace iSWM plans; • Use of specific types of polypropylene pipe in lieu of concrete pipe are allowed; • Stormwater detention facility maintenance requirements are defined; • Runoff coefficients for more dense residential developments are updated; • Easement sizing requirements are revised; and • Administrative procedures for processing applications and conducting pre -submittal meetings are revised. The revised Stormwater Criteria Manual shall take effect on July 15, 2024. In accordance with Section 212.0021 of the Texas Local Government Code, notice of the public hearing on the proposed ordinances was published in the Fort Worth Star -Telegram on May 24, 2024. A Form 1295 is not required because: This M&C does not request approval of a contract with a business entity. FISCAL INFORMATION t CERTIFICATION: The Director of Finance certifies that approval of these recommendations will not have no material effect on City funds. Submitted for Cijy Manager's Office b1c Jesica McEachern 5804 Originating Business Unit Head:, Lauren Prieur 6035 Additional Information Contact: Monty Hall 8662 Exhibit A CITY OF FORT WORTH AN iSWM COMMUNITY STORMWATFR CRITERIA MANUAL r � F i June, 2024 FORT WORTH ' Stormwater Table of Contents Foreword.....................................................................................................................................................................6 Acknowledgements.....................................................................................................................................................8 ErrataSheet ................................................................................................................................................................9 Overview of the NCTCOG iSWM Program.............................................................................................................. 10 I Stormwater Goals and Objectives.................................................................................................................... 11 1.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................... 11 1.2 Abbreviations and Definitions........................................................................................................ 12 1.3 Application of Stormwater Criteria................................................................................................. 14 2 Stormwater Development Process................................................................................................................... 16 2.1 Stormwater and Floodplain Submissions...................................................................................... 16 2.2 Stormwater Submission Requirements......................................................................................... 17 2.3 Preparation of Stormwater Submittals........................................................................................... 19 2.4 Floodplain Development & Flood Study........................................................................................ 29 2.5 Non-FEMA City Flood Risk Area Development Requirements..................................................... 30 3 Stormwater Design Criteria.............................................................................................................................. 37 3.1 Design Options..................•............................................................................................. .............. 37 3.2 Design Storms............................................................................................................................... 40 3.3 Design Criteria............................................................................................................................... 40 3.4 Hydrologic Design Criteria............................................................................................................. 42 3.5 Water Quality Protection................................................................................................................ 47 3.6 Streambank Protection.................................................................................................................. 52 3.7 Flood Mitigation.............................................................................................................................. 53 3.8 Stormwater Conveyance Systems................................................................................................. 56 3.9 Stormwater Control Selection...................................................................................................... 108 3.10 General Design Standards.......................................................................................................... 122 3.11 Easements, Plats, and Maintenance Agreements....................................................................... 124 3.12 Plan and Document Preparation Requirements.......................................................................... 130 4 Stormwater Construction Criteria................................................................................................................... 134 4.1 Applicability..................................................................................................................................134 4.2 Introduction.................................................................................................................................. 134 4.3 Criteria for BMPs during Construction......................................................................................... 135 5 References..................................................................................................................................................... 142 Appendix A —Checklists and Forms...................................................................................................................... 143 Appendix B: Stormwater Computer Models.......................................................................................................... 168 B.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................. 168 B.2 Types of Models........................................................................................................................... 168 City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 2 B.3 Summary of Acceptable Models.................................................................................................. 170 Appendix C — City of Fort Worth Miscellaneous Details and Specifications......................................................... 172 CAStraight Drop Spillways................................................................................................................ 172 C.2 Baffled Chutes............................................................................................................................. 174 Appendix D -- Sediment and Erosion Control Guidelines for Small Sites............................................................. 176 Appendix E -- Single Family Residential Lot Drainage.......................................................................................... 178 E.1 Lot Drainage Types...................................................................................................................... 178 E.2 Block Grading Types.................................................................................................................... 179 Appendix F — Stormwater Utility Fee Credit Policy................................................................................................ 182 City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 3 List of Tables Table1.1 One Acre Threshold................................................................................................................................ 14 Table 2.1 Comparison of FEMA SFHA and Non-FEMA CFRA............................................................................... 32 Table 3.1 Zone of Influence and Adequate Outfall Determination.......................................................................... 38 Table 3.2 Summary of Options for Design Focus Areas......................................................................................... 39 Table3.3 Storm Events......................................................................................................... .... 40 Table 3.4 City of Fort Worth Constraints on Using Recommended Hydrologic Methods ....................................... 42 Table3.5 Runoff Coefficients.................................................................................................................................. 44 Table 3.6 Integration of Site Design Practices with Site Development Process ..................................................... 48 Table 3.7 Suitability of Stormwater Controls to Meet integrated Focus Areas ........................................................ 51 Table 3.9 Velocity in Storm Drains.......................................................................................................................... 67 Table 3.10 Minimum Grades for Storm Drains........................................................................................................ 67 Table 3.11 Manning's Coefficients for Storm Drain Conduits.................................................................................. 68 Table 3.12 Junction or Structure Coefficient of Loss............................................................................................... 72 Table 3.13 Head Loss Coefficients Due To Obstructions....................................................................................... 72 Table 3.14 Head Loss Coefficients Due To Sudden Enlargements and Contractions ........................................... 73 Table 3.15 City of Fort Worth Manning's Roughness Coefficients for Design........................................................ 84 Table 3.16 Roughness Coefficients (Manning's n) and Allowable Velocities for Natural Channels ....................... 84 Table 3.17 Maximum Velocities for Vegetative Channel Linings............................................................................ 85 Table 3.18 Classification of Vegetal Covers as to Degrees of Retardance............................................................ 91 Table 3.19 Recommended Loss Coefficients for Bridges....................................................................................... 94 Table 3.20 Rock Riprap Sizing -- Culvert Outfall Protection.................................................................................. 100 Table 3.21 Rock Riprap Sizing - Gregory Method................................................................................................ 101 Table 3.22 Dry Detention Pond Inspection, Maintenance, & Repair..................................................................... 104 Table 3,23 Underground Detention Inspection, Maintenance, & Repairs............................................................. 107 Table 3.24 Stormwater Treatment Suitability........................................................................................................ 111 Table 3.25 Water Quality Performance................................................................................................................. 112 Table 3.26 Site Applicability......................................................................................................... .. 113 Table 3.27 Implementation Considerations.......................................................................................................... 114 Table3.28 Physiographic Factors......................................................................................................................... 116 Table3.29 Soils ......................... ...................................:........................................................................................ 117 Table 3.30 Special Watershed Considerations..................................................................................................... 118 Table 3.31 Location and Permitting Checklist....................................................................................................... 120 Table 3.32 Closed Conduit Easements................................................................................................................. 125 Table 4.1 Requirements for Materials and Wastes............................................................................................... 140 City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 4 List of Figures Figure 1 iSWM Program Support Documents and Tools........................................................................................ 10 Figure 2.1 Example of CFRA, PHWA, and SFHA Mapping ............................... ........ 31 Figure 2.2 Generalized Stormwater Development Review Process....................................................................... 36 Figure 3.1 Sample Calculation Sheet for Runoff Coefficient "C............................................................................... 45 Figure 3.2 Computation Summary Sheet for Hydrology by Unit Hydrograph Method ............................................ 46 Figure 3.3 Grading Requirements Next to Building Foundation.............................................................................. 57 Figure3.4 Type CO-S Inlet...................................................................................................................................... 61 Figure 3.5 Computation Sheet for Curb Opening and Drop Inlets......................................................................... 62 Figure3.6 Type CO-D Inlet........................................................................................................... ... 64 Figure 3.7 Computation Summary Sheet for On Grade Curb Inlets....................................................................... 65 Figure 3.8 Minor Head Losses at Structures (1 of 2).............................................................................................. 74 Figure 3.9 Minor Head Losses at Structures (2 of 2).............................................................................................. 75 Figure 3.10 Computations Sheet for Storm Drains................................................................................................. 79 Figure 3.11 Plan View - Trapezoidal Concrete Lined Channel............................................................................... 86 Figure 3.12 Section View - Trapezoidal Concrete Lined Channel.......................................................................... 87 Figure 3.13 Man View - Trapezoidal Earthen Channel .................. Figure 3.14 Section View - Trapezoidal Earthen Channel...................................................................................... 89 Figure 3.15 Typical Section -- Rural Roadside Ditch............................................................................................... 90 Figure 3.16 Dry Detention Pond Schematic............................................................................................................ 97 Figure 3.17 Dry Detention Pond with Pilot Channel Schematic.............................................................................. 98 Figure 3.18 Typical Detention Pond Exhibit B — Example..................................................................................... 129 City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 5 Foreword Adoption of Manual by City of Fort Worth This Stormwater Criteria Manual ("Manual") is adopted and becomes effective on June 1, 2024. The North Central Texas Council of Government ("NCTCOG") iSWM Technical Manuals are adopted and incorporated herein by reference. To the extent a conflict exists between this Manual and the NCTCOG iSWM Technical Manuals, this Manual shall control. City staff shall develop and implement administrative processes, procedures and documents in order to administer and manage the requirements outlined in this Manual. Relationship to Previous Manuals The original City of Fort Worth (City) Storm Drainage Criteria and Design Manual was developed in 1967 and amended in 1975, 1986, and 1994. In 2006, updated design criteria were developed in conjunction with the first version of the NCTCOG's iSWM ManualT1. In 2012, the manual was revised to incorporate the City's Grading Permit requirements and revised values for impervious cover in hydrologic calculations. The City criteria presented in the 2015 manual are generally consistent with those in the 2012 version. The 2015 revision incorporates local provisions into the document and reflects the development process changes implemented by the City of Fort Worth in 2013 — 2015. This 2024 Manual revision is primarily to adjust the stormwater development review process and clarify criteria and design requirements. This is in response to Texas House Bill 3167 that was passed by the 86th Legislature and became effective September 1, 2019. As in 2012 and 2015 versions, the over -arching motivation for this Manual is to provide efficient guidance for effective mitigation of the impacts of new development and construction on the character of stormwater runoff. Purpose and Limitations of Manual; Waivers This Manual provides requirements for the most commonly encountered stormwater or flood control designs in the City. It shall be used for watershed master plans and for design of remedial measures for existing facilities. This Manual was developed for users with knowledge and experience in the applications of standard engineering principles and practices of stormwater design and management. There will be specific situations not completely addressed or covered by this Manual. Other methods of design or waivers to the criteria shall be requested using the Stormwater Waiver Request Form CFW-7. Any waivers from the requirements of this Manual must have the express approval of the Director of the Department of Transportation and Public Works (TPW) or the Director's designee (Director). For construction plans submitted to the City's Infrastructure Plan Review Center, any waivers from the requirements of this Manual must have the approval of the Director of the Development Services Department, or their designee, who will consult with the Director of TPW before making a determination. Close coordination with the staff of the City is recommended and encouraged during the planning, design and construction of all stormwater facilities. The design procedures as presented herein are based on the historical rainfall records of duration, intensity, and frequency of storms that have occurred in the past in the Fort Worth area. This is the customary and accepted basis for the design of drainage facilities. There is no assurance, however, that rainfall will not occur in the future that will temporarily overload the drainage facilities. The degree of protection afforded by the requirements included herein is considered consistent with good municipal practice in this region. The requirements in this Manual are the minimum standards for stormwater management in the City of Fort Worth and shall be applied to all studies, plans and plats. In addition to the City's requirements, all studies, plans, and plats must comply with all applicable state, federal, and local laws. Please note that all references to iSWM Technical Manuals refer to the 2014 NCTCOG iSWM Technical Manuals, such as Planning, Hydrology, Hydraulics, and Site Development Controls. Goals and Objectives for Stormwater Management A proper understanding of the City's adopted goals and objectives for stormwater management, as summarized in Chapter 1 is essential for the proper application of this Manual. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 6 Contact Information Additional information on the City of Fort Worth's Stormwater Management program and policies can be obtained at www.fortworthtexas.gov/stormwater/ or by contacting the Stormwater Development Services (SDS) Team at SDS@fortworthtexas.gov. For information on the iSWM regional manual and program, contact the NCTCOG at 817-695-9220 or at the website http:/IiSWM.nctcog.org/. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 7 Acknowledgements The City of Fort Worth acknowledges the extensive efforts of the North Central Council of Governments and their consultants in the development of the iSWM regional program and manuals. The City also wishes to acknowledge the significant contribution by consulting engineers, planners, developers, and community leaders in the Fort Worth area who dedicated many hours of meetings, review of policy and criteria, and development of specific recommendations that were incorporated in the previous editions and in the 2024 version: Brian Agbulos Richard Albin Jean-Marie Alexander Don Allen Darrel Andrews Shamsul Arefin Mark Assaad Travis Attanasio Greg Baker Robert Bardo Craig Barnes Terry Barr Joe Barrow Grady Beachum George Behmanesh Curtis Beitel Jonathan Bengfort Robert Bergeron Scott Berman Paul Berry Dana Burghdoff Jeana Booker Paul Bounds Mike Brennan Ray Bromley Lesley Brooks Thad Brundrett Thomas Caffarel Abe Calderon Gary Caldwell Kenny Calhoun Kervin Campbell Amy Cannon Lori Chapin Richard Contreras Clair Davis Ken Davis Jeff Davis Tom Dayton Steve DeFilippo Mike Dellies Jim DeOtte Rich DeOtte Kelly Dillard Glen Dixon Eddie Eckart Cuneyt Erbatur Mark Ernst Steve Eubanks Tom Galbreath Brenda Gasperich Wade Goodman Matt Goodwin James Gossie Allison Gray Alan Greer Jill Griffin Ryan Hague Walter Hardin Jim Harris Michael Hobbs Katie Hogan Josh Hollon David Hosseiny Steve Howard Joe Howell Tom Huffhines Michael James Chris Johnson Dena Johnson Garrett Johnston April Karr Debbie Kearns Jim Keith Kiran Konduru Ann Kovich Brent Lewis Lynn Lovell Thanaa Maksimos Steve Mason Joe Masterson Don McChesney Richard McCracken Daniel McCullough Morgan McDermott Dan McInnis David McLendon Kevin Miller Janie Morels Ronald Morrison Ryan Mortensen Cindy Mosier Mike Moya Vincent Muzidi Osama Neshed Stephen Nichols Erika Nordstrom Jason Oliver Brian O'Neill Justin Oswald Jerry Parche Richard Payne Raul Pena Angela Pereira Joshua Pettijohn Phillip Poole Benjamin Pylant Ron Rackley Ragu Rao Kelly Rattan Jeff Rice Jerry Roberts Cindy Robinson David Rubenkoenig Scott Rutledge Joe Schneider Richard Shaheen Derek Sellers Bryan Sherrieb Tony Sholola Greg Simmons Steve Slater David Speicher Susan Stewart Erin Storey Zubin Sukheswalla Caleb Tandy Gary Teague Audra Valamides Rhonda Visintainer Mike Wayts Jason Weaver Billy Wendland Julie Westerman Tim Whitefield Mathew Williamson Angela Wright Linda Young Halff Associates, Inc. coordinated the development of the 2012 Fort Worth local criteria. Freese and Nichols, Inc. coordinated the revisions to the 2012 criteria that were incorporated into the 2015 manual. City Staff have prepared these 2024 revisions to the Manual. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 8 Errata Sheet City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual Overview of the NCTCOG iSWM Program The iSWM Program for Construction and Development is a cooperative initiative that assists municipalities and counties to achieve their goals of water quality protection, streambank protection, and flood mitigation, while also helping communities meet their construction and post -construction obligations under state stormwater permits. Development and redevelopment by their nature increase the amount of imperviousness in our surrounding environment. This increased imperviousness translates into loss of natural areas, more sources for pollution in runoff, and heightened flooding risks. To help mitigate these impacts, more than 60 local governments are cooperating to proactively create sound stormwater management guidance for the region through the "integrated" Stormwater Management (iSWM) Program. The iSWM Program is comprised of four types of documentation and tools as shown in Figure 1. These are used to complement each other and to support the development process. Figure 1 iSWM Program Support Documents and Tools The four parts of iSWM are: Stormwater Criteria Manual (this Manual) — This Manual provides a description of the development process, utilizing the design concepts and regional criteria adopted as part of the iSWM focus areas. This Manual incorporates locally adopted design criteria as required by the City in conjunction with the iSWM criteria. iSWM Technical Manual — This set of documents provides technical guidance including equations, descriptions of methods, fact sheets, etc. necessary for design. The iSWM Technical Manual includes categories for Planning, Water Quality, Hydrology, Hydraulics, Site Development Controls, Construction Controls and Landscape. The iSWM Technical Manual is referenced in this document. iSWM Tools — This includes web -served training guides, examples, design tools, etc. that could be useful during design. iSWM Program Guidance -- This includes reference documents that guide programmatic planning rather than technical design. The iSWM Technical Manual, Tools, and Program Guidance provide references and additional information that will be helpful in the development of a Drainage Study and Construction Plans which will comply with the City criteria. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 10 I Stormwater Goals and Objectives 1.1 Introduction The purpose of this Manual is to provide design criteria and a framework for incorporating effective and environmentally sustainable stormwater management into the site development and construction processes. The City's primary goal is to manage stormwater so that drainage conditions do not get worse as new areas are developed —while making improvements in the areas of the City that are already developed. This goal can be accomplished by: 1. Developing detailed watershed plans that promote orderly growth and result in an integrated system of public and private stormwater infrastructure. 2. Adopting development policies and standards that prevent flooding, preserve streams and channels, and minimize water pollution without discouraging either new or infill development. 3. Fully complying with regulatory permit requirements. 4. Operating the stormwater system in a more efficient and effective manner. 5. Informing the public about stormwater issues in the community. 6. Securing funding that is adequate for meeting these needs and is recognized by the public as fair and equitable. The City's planning and design objectives described in this manual are to: 1. Regulate the drainage policy and criteria for new development and redevelopment so property development does not increase flooding problems, cause erosion, or pollute downstream water bodies. 2. Facilitate the development of comprehensive watershed planning that promotes orderly growth and results in an integrated system of public and private stormwater infrastructure. 3. Minimize flood risks to citizens and properties, and stabilize or decrease streambank and channel erosion on creeks, channels, and streams. 4. improve stormwater quality in creeks, rivers, and other water bodies, remove pollutants, enhance the environment and mimic the natural drainage system, to the extent practicable, in conformance with the Texas Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (TPDES) permit requirements. 5. Support multi -use functions of stormwater facilities for trails, green space, parks, greenways or corridors, stormwater quality treatment, and other recreational and natural features, provided they are compatible with the primary functions of the stormwater facility. 6. Encourage a more standardized, integrated land development process. The criteria provided in this manual will help to meet sustainable development goals and objectives. There are many ways that sustainable development may be achieved while following these criteria. Chapter Summary The Stormwater Criteria Manual consists of five chapters: Chapter 1 — Stormwater Goals and Objectives Chapter 2 — Stormwater Development Process Chapter 3 — Stormwater Design Criteria Chapter 4 — Stormwater Construction Criteria Chapter 5 -- References City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 11 1.2 Abbreviations and Definitions For convenience, two terms which are used frequently throughout this manual are abbreviated: City — City of Fort Worth TPW — Department of Transportation and Public Works Several stormwater and development terms are used in this manual which have unique or special meanings. They are defined below: Adequate Outtall — Outfall that does not create adverse flooding or erosion conditions downstream (No Adverse Impact) from the development through the downstream end of the zone of Influence. In all cases shall be subject to the approval of the Director of the Transportation and Public Works Department. Refer to Section 3.1, Table 3.1. Adverse Impact Assessment —A determination of the downstream and upstream limit of properties that could be impacted by a development (also see Zone of Influence). BMP or Best Management Practice — A physical, chemical, structural, or managerial practice or device that prevents, reduces, or treats the pollution of stormwater, or reduces or treats erosion, or minimizes runoff. Common Plan of Development (also Common Plan) — Any development or construction activity completed in stages, separate phases, or in combination with other construction activities on land consisting of 1.0 acres or more as determined by the City based upon its evaluation of development plans, applications, or activities. Developer — A person or entity that owns, manages, controls or influences a development or Common Plan of development. A Developer may manage, control, or influence development owned by multiple persons or entities. Development — A contiguous tract of land, regardless of whether easements such as right-of-way, public access easements, drainage easements, or utility easements are located on the land, that is proposed to or has been improved by making a different use of the land or by making alterations or improvements to the land. Drainage Study— Studies of a proposed Development and drainage areas, drainage facilities, and flood risk. A Drainage Study for a Development or Common Plan of Development shall include an Adverse Impact Assessment throughout the Zone of Influence. Early Grading Permit A permit issued by the City for a land disturbance that involves only earthwork in conformance with the Grading Permit Ordinance and this Manual. Engineer or Engineer of Record — The person authorized to practice engineering in Texas who is responsible for preparing engineering plans for a Development. Erosion and Sediment Control (ESC) Plan — A plan and notes indicating the installation and maintenance of BMPs and application of pollution prevention procedures used to control erosion, sediment, construction materials, and waste during the construction phase of improvements in conformance with the criteria contained in this Manual. This plan shall be included within the construction plan set required for Development within the City. The ESC Plan was previously referred to as an iSWM Construction Plan. Flood Study— A hydrologic and hydraulic analysis that complies with all local, state, and federal requirements, guidance, and criteria for FEMA SFHA Flood Study submissions, and complies with all hydrologic and hydraulic modelling best practices as defined by the relevant FEMA, USACE, FHWA and NCTCOG technical publications, guidance and manuals. Floodplain Development Permit — A permit required before any Development activity shall begin within a floodplain or FEMA designated Special Flood Hazard Area (SFHA). This shall require a separate submittal to the City Floodplain Administrator. Fully Developed Conditions — For watershed hydrology, fully developed conditions include all existing developed areas which shall reflect current land use or current zoning, whichever yields the greatest runoff, and all existing undeveloped areas which shall reflect anticipated future land use designated by zoning classification, by the City's Comprehensive Plan, or by an accepted concept plan, or in the ETJ, NCTCOG future land use maps. Grading Permit — A permit issued by the City for a land disturbance in conformance with the Grading Permit Ordinance and this Manual. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 12 Maintenance Plan or Operations and Maintenance Plan — A plan prepared in accordance with this Manual for the purpose of describing maintenance and operational requirements of a structural BMP and interchangeably used with the "City Stormwater Facility Maintenance Plan." Master Drainage Study —A "Drainage Study" that is submitted in support of a concept plan or other multi -phased Development. The Master Drainage Study shall establish baseline hydrologic and hydraulic conditions from which impacts are measured. It shall provide a framework, including hydrologic and hydraulic models, to support future Development phases. Natural Creeks --Those drainageways that are generally unimproved, that often exhibit a meandering course, and which are not proposed to be improved to City standards for earthen channels. Natural creeks are generally not dredged, mowed or otherwise maintained by the City and shall be contained within floodplain easements rather than drainage easements. Offsite Drainage Area — An area which drains to the proposed Development. Private Water— Runoff water which is generated on private property and flowing within the property or from one property to another. Drainage easements and drainage facilities which contain only private water shall not be maintained by the City. Public Water— The concentration of surface water flowing through or from public land or right-of-way. Public water must be contained within a dedicated right-of-way, floodplain or drainage easement. Redevelopment— See Development. Stormwater Fee Credits —An incentive provided bythe City to encourage the voluntary use of BMPs which improve stormwater management. See Appendix F. Stormwater Facility Maintenance Agreement or Maintenance Agreement (SWFMA) — A legal agreement between the City and a property owner, including HOAs and POAs, for perpetual maintenance of a structural BMP. Stormwater Management Plan (SWMP) —A stormwater management plan (SWMP) that conforms to the criteria contained in this Manual (also see Drainage Study). The previous terminology for a SWMP was an integrated Stormwater Management Plan, or iSWM Plan. Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan or SWPPP — The site design, operations, and inspections plan required by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Texas Council on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) for the control of erosion and sediment during construction. Stormwater Pre -Construction Check -- A verification that applicable items and permits were completed and provided before beginning construction, issuing a Grading Permit, or scheduling an 1PRC Pre -Construction meeting. Zone of Influence — A "Zone of Influence" from a proposed Development extends to a point downstream where the discharge from a proposed Development no longer has a significant impact, as defined in Chapter 3, upon the receiving stream or storm drainage system, and downstream properties. The Zone of Influence for any proposed Development must be defined by the development engineer by a Drainage Study that: (1) determines the extent of the downstream drainage route subject to impacts from a proposed Development, and (2) delineates what existing conditions are in place or what proposed mitigation is planned so that "no adverse impacts" from the new Development will occur. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 13 1.3 Application of Stormwater Criteria 1.3.1 Adverse Impact Assessment Threshold The requirement to submit a downstream assessment and no adverse impact analysis to the City for review applies under the following conditions for Development and Redevelopment as illustrated below and in Table 1.1. Note that Developments that fall below this threshold should still follow the downstream assessment and no adverse criteria; however, that information would not be reviewed by the City. table 1.1 One Acre Threshold I Land disturbing activity or platting of 1.0 acre or more XV Land disturbing activity or platting of less than 1.0 acre where the is part of a Common Plan of Development that is 1.0 acre or more. A Common Plan of Development consists of construction activity that is completed in separate stages, separate phases, or in combination with other construction activities. To be considered as a Common Plan of Development for purposes of this policy, a tract must meet one or more of the following characteristics: • Included in a single concept plan submitted to the City, • Included in a single preliminary plat submitted to the City, • Included in a single final plat submitted to the City, • Is comprised of contiguous land (or land separated only by roadway and/or drainage rights -of -way or easements) under the same root ownership or control, • Is encumbered by a single Master Drainage Study, Drainage Study, Flood Study or Plan, • Is encumbered by a single Developer's Agreement, T1F, 380 Agreement or other public/private partnership agreement, • Is overlaid by a common Homeowner's or Property Owner's Association (HOA, POA), or • is owned or managed by a common Developer. The City requires a Grading Permit prior to any land disturbance of 1.0 acre or more, and less than 1.0 acre of disturbance when the construction is a part of a Common Plan. After construction and grading activities are completed and disturbed areas are stabilized, a Grading Certificate must be provided by the Contractor or Engineer which affirms that construction has been completed in substantial compliance with plans accepted by the City and all temporary BMP's have been removed. This manual does not consider Development and Redevelopment separately; rather criteria are applied based on land disturbance and platting activities. If an existing site has been cleared and/or graded within the prior five years of the date of the Developer's initial application submittal, the Developer may consider the land conditions prior to the clearing and grading to be the existing site conditions. New Development or Redevelopment, subject to the applicability requirements shown in Table 1.1, which are located in critical, sensitive, or potentially flood -prone areas, or as identified through a watershed study or plan, are subject to additional performance and regulatory criteria. Furthermore, these sites shall utilize certain structural controls in order to protect a special resource or address certain water quality or drainage problems identified for a drainage area or watershed. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 14 1.3.2 Site Design below One Acre Although a plat or construction plan application might not meet the land distance or platting thresholds in Table 1.1; plat and construction plan applications shall require a Drainage Study to determine the size and type of drainage improvements, easements, and assess and mitigate flood risk. Furthermore, all Developments within the city limits and ETJ shall comply with the City of Fort Worth Subdivision Ordinance and Development permitting requirements, including but not limited to building permits, Floodplain Development Permits, SWPPP, Grading Permits, and urban forestry permits. If Development or Redevelopment activity that is comprised of pieces less than one acre is later shown to be part of a Common Plan, then all pieces shall be required to come into compliance with this Manual. For example, a Common Plan might consist of individual land disturbing activities and plats of less one acre. However, if these pieces were all owned, managed or controlled by a common Developer then the work shall be considered a Common Plan. Refer to Section 2.2.2 for the conditions under which no Drainage Study is needed. 1.3.3 Adoption of Standards For projects which have an accepted Drainage Study and/or iSWM plan, including phased Developments which have some existing constructed phases after the adoption of the iSWM criteria in June 2006, findings in accepted studies will remain valid. The applicability of the current drainage criteria is presented below in the Applicability of the iSWM Standards Adoption Language. Concept, Preliminary and Final iSWM Plans, as well as drainage design calculations accepted by the City of Fort Worth after the adoption of the City's drainage design standards and criteria on June 1, 2006 shall be considered valid when: • The proposed project is a phase of a multi -phase Development that has a valid preliminary plat • The drainage infrastructure of the proposed phase will connect directly to drainage infrastructure of a phase of the same Development with drainage infrastructure designed and constructed based on the standards in previous versions of the City's iSWM manual. All iSWM plans and stormwater design projects submitted after the September 29, 2015 adoption date not meeting the criteria above shall use the current Stormwater Criteria and iSWM standards and will be valid for a period of time that is concurrent with the accepted preliminary or final plat for the project. It a proposed Development maintains or decreases the percent imperviousness onsite, a Drainage Study, Construction Plans and landscape plans shall be required to provide confirmation of maintained or decreased percent imperviousness and show no additional impacts. For Developments for which stormwater criteria is applicable as set forth in Table 1.1, the building permit process shall require a drainage review of the Grading Permit and Construction Plans to ensure that the site runoff is consistent with the accepted Drainage Study, existing runoff patterns and stormwater management has been appropriately addressed. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 15 2 Stormwater Development Process This chapter discusses the submittal process, development paths and subsequent stormwater submissions that are required for a Development or Redevelopment project. 2.1 Stormwater and Floodplain Submissions 2.1.1 Document Management Drainage Studies and Flood Studies shall be submitted to the Stormwater Development Services (SIDS) team of the Development Service Department at the City of Fort Worth. All documents shall be submitted in a digital format. Documents comprised of text or images should be provided as a portable document format'(.PDF) file. All model files shall be provided so that they are executable and the model can be recreated. Although revisions might only require portions of the submission to be updated; a complete submission of project documents shall be provided with each revision/response submission. For information on the procedure for digital submittals, visit the City's website or contact the Stormwater Development Services team at SDS@fortworthtexas.gov 2.1.2 Pre -Submittal Meetings Before submitting a Drainage Study or Flood Study, the applicant shall meet with SIDS and Floodplain Management staff to gather information, build consensus, and determine the scope of the studies. Contact staff at SDS@fortworthtexas.gov to schedule a Pre -Submittal meeting. The meeting request form shall be completed and returned with attachments to SIDS before a meeting can be scheduled. 2.1.3 Application Fee The City Council has adopted a fee structure for the review of stormwater and floodplain submissions. The City Council may amend the fee structure in the future. Fees are due at the time of application submission. The application shall be considered incomplete, and the review shall not proceed, until the fee is paid in full. 2.1.4 Completeness Checks Upon receiving stormwater or floodplain submissions for review, the submittal package shall initially be reviewed for completeness. Incomplete submissions, and incomplete revisions or responses, shall not be accepted for review and the applicant notified of the deficiencies and incomplete items. Review shall not proceed until a complete application, revision and response is received. 2.1.5 Checklists Application checklists shall be furnished by the City and the applicant shall provide the applicable checklist with each application submission. Checklists shall be provided in a digital format and may be obtained from the City's website or by contacting the SIDS team at SDS@fortworthtexas.gov These checklists are intended as a guide, not an exhaustive list, to help the applicant include the most commonly required items in the submission. The checklists may be refined and updated by City staff. Applicants shall complete and provide the latest checklist available at the time of submitting an application. 2.1.6 Review and Acceptance City staff, or a contractor, shall review application submissions for general compliance with this Manual. An acceptance (or approval) does not relieve the owner, Developer, engineer, or designer from responsibility for ensuring that the calculations, plans, specifications, construction and record drawings are in compliance with this Manual and all other applicable local, state and federal requirements, and will accomplish the necessary or desired drainage, floodplain or stormwater management outcomes. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 16 An accepted Drainage Study is one that was submitted, reviewed, revised to correct all deficiencies, and was found to be in conformance with all applicable design criteria and standards. If errors or omissions are later identified in the Drainage Study, then they shall be corrected and subsequent Development applications revised to conform to the corrected study. Information that is not required to be submitted for review shall not be reviewed by the City. If a Drainage Study for a Development less than one acre and not part of Common Plan of Development was submitted then it may be rejected for review; or only the relevant and required parts of the study would receive a review. For example, a Drainage Study for a 0.6 acre Development would be reviewed for easement and infrastructure requirements, but not reviewed for adverse impacts resulting from additional impervious cover. 2.2 'Stormwater Submission Requirements 2.2.1 Overview The requirements of each Stormwater submission is dependent on the Development path underway, as shown in Figure 2.1 at the end of this chapter. The process diagram provided in Figure 2.1 is for Stormwater Development reviews only and does not include additional reviews required by other City of Fort Worth Departments. It shall be the applicant's responsibility to inquire regarding pertinent permitting and review submittals required for their project. The scope of drainage analysis and review is dependent on the type of Development application and area of land disturbance. Stormwater reviews including Drainage Studies are required for Grading Permits, Construction Plans, Concept Plans, and all types of Plats. A Drainage Study Acceptance letter (DSAL.) form shall be provided with the Development application to confirm that a Drainage Study was submitted, reviewed and accepted as meeting City criteria for the specific type of Development application. Drainage studies shall be submitted in support of concept plans, preliminary plats, public infrastructure plans, final plats, and Grading Permit applications. The necessary hydrologic and hydraulic analyses to clearly demonstrate that the limits of the Zone of Influence have been identified shall be included. Drainage studies shall include all required models, exhibits, analysis and supporting analysis and information. Refer to the relevant chapters of this Manual for more details. A Drainage Study shall include an analysis of existing, proposed, and fully developed watershed conditions for each design storm. The Drainage Study is necessary to determine infrastructure and easement needs, and perform an Adverse impact Assessment to determine the zone of Influence and required mitigation. The Drainage Study shall provide an analysis to determine onsite controls and to establish adequate downstream capacity throughout the Zone of Influence to support future development of the project. A Drainage Study shall contain volume and location information when detention is to be utilized. Detailed design calculations for detention requirements shall be required for submission of public infrastructure construction documents, Grading Permits, preliminary plats and final plats. The Drainage Study must include the necessary hydrologic and hydraulic analysis to clearly demonstrate that the limits of the Zone of Influence have been identified, and that along the drainage route to that location, the parameters listed in Table 3.1 and Section 3.7.3 of this Manual are met. Furthermore, drainage studies shall demonstrate that proposed public infrastructure conforms to the relevant design criteria in Section 3.8. Drainage studies shall be signed and sealed bythe engineer, including the initial submission. All Drainage Study submissions, including revisions, shall be submitted as a combined report document. 2.2.2 Concept Plan A concept plan is intended for multi -phase Developments and is required by the City Subdivision Ordinance when: Preliminary plats are proposed to be presented in phases; or Total land area of contiguous parcels under the same ownership and control is greater than one square mile (640 acres), An acceptable Drainage Study is required before submitting a Concept Plan application. The limit of the Zone of Influence shall be based on the concept plan area. All subsequent Development applications and studies within the bounds of the concept plan shall conform to ensure that the Development of the concept plan as a whole does not cause an adverse impact. Additional information regarding the required Drainage Study in support of a concept plan is provided below and in Section 2.3, Step 2. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 17 2.2.3 Platting An accepted Drainage Study is required before applying for a preliminary plat. Drainage Studies are also required before making application for a final plat, minor plat, short form final plat, re -plat or any other type of plat. A Drainage Study is not required when all of the following conditions are met: 1. The plat area and anticipated total onsite and offsite land disturbance are both less than 1 acre (a land disturbance plan or site plan shall be required to verify land disturbance area); 2. The Development is not a part of a Common Plan of Development; 3. There are no offsite drainage areas, or existing or proposed public or private drainage facilities, that drain to or through the project limits; and 4. There is no known, adjacent, suspected or regulated flood risks that potentially impact the project. Note that a Drainage Study, Flood Study, Floodplain Development Permit, or other City requirements shall apply at later stages in the Development process as applicable. 2.2.4 Grading Permit Application After acceptance of a Drainage Study, if a proposed Development of 1.0 acre or more, or a Common Plan of Development requires earthwork only, an Early Grading Permit application may be submitted. A Grading Permit shall be required for any other construction activities and shall be applied for by making a second Grading Permit application. During the Grading Permit application, staff will perform a detailed review of the construction plans for compliance with the Drainage Study, City standards and criteria. Additional information regarding the application for a Grading Permit is provided in Section 2.3, Step 4. Grading Permit applicants shall refer to the City of Fort Worth website for more information and detailed application and review checklists.. All items on the documents and checklists published on the City's website shall be required before a Grading Permit can be issued. These checklists may be updated by City staff in order to improve guidance for the applicant. The applicant shall use the latest checklist available at the time of application submission. 2.2.5 Stormwater Pre -Construction Check Before issuance of a Grading Permit, scheduling an IPRC Pre -Construction Meeting, or otherwise proceeding to construction, other stormwater and Floodplain approvals related to and applicable to the work shall be in place. These include: • Accepted Drainage Study and Flood Study that meets all City criteria • Issued Floodplain Development Permit, Grading Permit, Parkway Permit • Submitted SWFMA • Executed or recorded encroachment agreements, future improvement agreements, and easements • Other Agency approvals, such as: o State permits from TxDOT and TCEQ o FEMA approved CLOMR, o Clean Water Act related permits and approvals (e.g. 404 (individual & NWP), 408, etc.) o Park conversion, and TRWD permits 2.2.6 Additional Development Information Proposed Developments may require an urban forestry permit, SWPPP, and Water department review. Questions regarding external requirements shall be directed to the responsible City department. Prior to a Certificate of Occupancy being issued, a Final Grading Certificate prepared by a licensed Professional Engineer or the contractor shall be submitted. The Final Grading Certificate shall state that the site grading and drainage improvements are constructed in substantial compliance with the accepted plans. If the improvements were not constructed in substantial compliance with the plans, appropriate documentation shall be provided to substantiate changes and compliance with Stormwater criteria and other applicable City requirements. If changes were made to public facilities, the City shall require an engineer to document field changes by submitting: certified City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 18 as -built plans and documenting changed calculations and proposed corrective actions. The final grading certificate, building permit, and certificate of occupancy are administered by the Development Services Department. 2.2.7 Construction Plans Construction of public infrastructure shall require submittal of construction plans for review through the Infrastructure Plan Review Center (IPRC). These plans will be reviewed for conformance with the City stormwater criteria and consistency with the accepted Drainage Study. 2.3 Preparation of Stormwater Submittals This Section describes the required contents and general procedure for preparing a Drainage Study, final construction plans, an Erosion and Sediment Control (ESC) Plan. The level of detail involved in each submittal will depend on the project size and the individual site and development characteristics. Detailed criteria for the calculations required in the Drainage Study and construction plans are covered in Chapter 3 of this Manual. Stormwater master plans are an important tool used to assess and prioritize both existing and potential future stormwater problems and to consider alternative stormwater management solutions. The City may have individual watershed plans, or several Developers may choose to work cooperatively to develop a unified approach to watershed planning, development controls, permit compliance, multi -objective use of floodplain and other areas, and property protection. The City Stormwater staff shall be consulted on any regional approaches considered. There are five steps defined in the preparation of Stormwater Development review submittals. In general, each of the following steps builds on the previous step to result in the Drainage Study, Construction Plans and ESC Plan. Step 1 — Baseline Data Collection and Analysis Step 2 —Conceptual Stormwater Design and Planning Step 3 — Prepare Drainage Study Step 4 -- Prepare Drainage Study Updates, Construction Drawings, and Stormwater Facilities Maintenance Agreement (SWFMA) Step 5 -- Prepare Grading Permit Application 2.3.1 Preparation Overview Step 1 —Baseline Data Collection and Analysis The site Developer shall become familiar with the City stormwater management, Development requirements and design criteria that apply to the site. These requirements include: City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 19 • Stormwater Criteria Manual (this manual) • Available online iSWM Program documents, which include: • iSWM Technical Manual • iSWM Tools • iSWM Program Guidance • State and Federal Regulatory Requirements • Other City Ordinances and Criteria (Not regulated by the Stormwater Division) n Platting Procedures o Zoning Requirements o Development Codes and Procedures o Tree and Landscape Requirements o Special Use Permits o Drainage Master Plans and Watershed Plans o Erosion Control Plans o `Floodplain Development Ordinance o Grading Plan Ordinance o Construction/Building Permit Notifications and Requirements o Urban Forestry Requirements Information regarding the above items can be obtained from this Manual, at a pre- Development conference with the City, or from the relevant state and federal agencies. A critical part of any project involves the proposed Developer working closely with various departments within the City. Integrating the stormwater management practices with other regulatory requirements will promote a sustainable -Development. Opportunities for special types of Development (e.g., clustering) orspecial land use opportunities (e.g., conservation easements or tax incentives) should be investigated. In addition, there may be an ability to partner with the local community for the development of greenways or other riparian corridor or open space developments. All applicable state and federal regulatory requirements must also be met. In addition to understanding all applicable regulations and ordinances, it is also necessary to collect and review information on the existing site conditions and map the following site features: • Topography • Drainage patterns and basins' • Intermittent and perennial streams on - site and off -site waters that will receive discharges from the proposed Development • Soil types and their susceptibility to erosion • Ground cover and vegetation, particularly unique or sensitive vegetation areas to be protected during Development. • Existing Development • Existing Stormwater facilities on -site and off -site facilities that will be receive discharges from the proposed Development Property lines, adjacent areas and easements • Wetlands and critical habitat areas • Boundaries of wooded areas and tree clusters • Floodplain boundaries • Steep slopes • Required buffers and setbacks along water bodies • Proposed stream crossing locations • Other required protection areas Upon completion of the baseline data collection and analysis, it is recommended and encouraged to schedule a Stormwater Pre -Development Conference with the Stormwater Development Services staff. This meeting will allow a dialogue to begin between the Developer and the City regarding the site conditions and potential areas of concern prior to work being done for the Development. To schedule a pre- Development conference with the Stormwater staff, please send an email to sds@fortworthtexas.gov. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 20 The site analysis shall be summarized in the relevant Stormwater review submission along with any other supporting documents. The data collected and analyzed during this step of the Development process shall be used as the starting point for preparing the Drainage Study, Construction Plans and the ESC Plan. Step 2 —Conceptual Stormwater Design and Planning If a concept plan is not required or submitted, proceed to Step 3. For larger master plan Developments with multiple phases of Development, a concept plan may be required. The concept plan allows the design engineer to propose a potential site layout and gives the Developer and City a "first look" at the stormwater management system for the proposed Development. Specific requirements for the concept plan shall be obtained through the City Development Services Department. If a concept plan is required, an accepted Drainage Study will be required before filing an application. The following conceptual stormwater design and planning practices shall be followed in analyzing the drainage conditions, especially for concept plans: 1. Use integrated Site Design Practices. Note: integrated Site Design Practices are encouraged but not required within the City. Examples include: • Preserving the natural feature conservation areas defined in the site analysis • Fitting the Development to the terrain and minimizing land disturbance • Reducing impervious surface area through various techniques • Preserving and utilizing the natural drainage system wherever possible 2. Determine the credits for integrated Site Design (Appendix F) and water quality volume reduction (Appendix F) as applicable, to be accounted for in the design of structural and non-structural stormwater controls on the site. 3. Calculate conceptual estimates of the design requirements for streambank protection and flood mitigation based on the conceptual plan site layout. 4. Perform screening and conceptual selection of appropriate temporary and permanent structural stormwater controls and identification of potential site locations. The stormwater planning and design concepts in this step become the foundation for developing the Drainage Study. Step 3 — Prepare Drainage Study The Drainage Study ensures that requirements and criteria are complied with and opportunities are taken to minimize adverse impacts from the Development. An accepted Drainage Study is a prerequisite of all preliminary plat, construction plan and final plat applications. This step builds on the data compiled in Step 1 by developing the existing and proposed runoff calculations and identifying proposed stormwater controls as well as the Zone of Influence associated with the Development. The Drainage Study Checklist outlines the data that shall be included in the Drainage Study. At a minimum the information listed in this Manual and the Drainage Study Checklist shall be required. The study shall include an Adverse Impact Assessment of properties that could be impacted by the Development. These studies shall include the hydrologic analysis to determine the existing, proposed, and fully -developed runoff for the watershed and drainage areas that is affected by the proposed Development. Existing and proposed hydrologic conditions shall assume existing land use for offsite conditions. The study shall include a hydraulic analysis that defines the Adequate Outfall as defined in Table 3.1. It shall include a capacity analysis of all existing constraint points such as pipes, culverts/bridges, or channels from the point of stormwater discharge from the Development (edge condition) downstream through the Zone of Influence. For Development projects involving properties 100 acres or less, the Adverse Impact Assessment may be limited to the Zone of Influence as determined by either the Drainage Study (analysis extends further downstream than 10% rule) or established as the point where the property being developed comprises less than 10% of the total drainage area (see the iSWM Hydrology Technical Manual, Section 2.4). Consideration of critical infrastructure and logical analysis end points (i.e. bridges, road crossings, and creek or river confluences) shall be required when City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 21 using the 10% rule. The Adverse Impact Assessment shall extend beyond the 10% point and include critical downstream infrastructure. Also see Section 3.7 for more information. For Development projects involving properties more than 100 acres in size, the limit of the Zone of Influence shall be defined by the hydrologic and hydraulic analyses. The limit of the Zone of Influence shall not be less than what would have been required by the 10% rule. If a Development proposes to detain to pre -developed flows at the Development property boundary, then hydrologic and hydraulic analysis shall extend downstream to a logical stopping point, typically the next major tributary confluence beyond the point defined by the 10% rule. If a project does not detain to pre -developed flows, then hydrologic and hydraulic analysis shall extend downstream, beyond the next tributary confluence after the 10% point, and extend to where the hydrologic analysis shows pre - Development and post- Development flows are the same. It shall be noted that acceptance of the Drainage Study does not imply acceptance of any subsequent Development or stormwater applications. Those submissions will be required and reviewed as Development proceeds. Step 4 — Prepare Drainage Study Updates, Construction Drawings, and Stormwater Facilities Maintenance Agreement An updated Drainage Study (if applicable) and Construction Plans shall be prepared and submitted to the City for review and approval priorto final plat application or any construction activities on the Development site. An updated Drainage Study shall be required before Construction Plan or Grading Permit application to reflect changes that occurred as the detailed drainage and grading design progressed. When public infrastructure will be constructed, submittals also must conform to the Infrastructure Plan Review Center (IPRC) requirements. Changes identified during IPRC or Grading Permit Plan Review which result in changes to the Drainage Study shall require a resubmittal of the Drainage Study for review. The constructions plan submitted to IPRC or with a Grading Permit shall include an ESC Plan. If applicable, then a stormwater facility maintenance agreement (SWFMA) shall be required to be submitted or recorded. Refer to Section 2.2.5 and Section 3.11.3.2 for specific process details of when a SWFMA must only be submitted or must be recorded. Step 5 — Prepare Grading Permit Application If required by the Grading Permit Ordinance, then a Grading Permit must be obtained for grading a Development, of 1.0 acre or more, or for a Common Plan of Development. Early Grading Permits are available for only earthwork such as clearing, grubbing, and grading, with no construction allowed. A Grading Permit is required even if an Early Grading Permit is obtained. An approved Grading Permit is required prior to infrastructure and building construction. The Grading Permit application is provided on the City's website. All single-family residential grading plans must conform to Section 3.8.2 (Subdivision Drainage Site Grading) and Appendix E (Single Family Residential Lot Drainage Types). Proposed lot grading that does not comply shall submit an individual lot grading plan sheet for each lot that does not comply. Changes in existing drainage divides shall be identified and data shall be required to document that capacity is available in the existing system to carry the additional flow to the system. Grading permit applications shall be submitted through the City Permit Center or via the online Accela Citizen Access portal. A completed Grading Permit application form, administrative fee, signed/sealed plan sheet(s) and a digital copy of the executed SWPPP is required to be submitted with the application for a Grading Permit. The Early Grading Permit is for earthwork only and will be at the risk of the owner/ Developer. A Drainage Study accepted by the City will be required for the issuance of an Early Grading Permit or a Grading Permit. An approved Floodplain Development Permit (FDP) is required before any Grading Permits will be issued for work within 50 feet of a SFHA (floodplain). For projects with stormwater detention facilities (or other facilities requiring a maintenance agreement), a SWFMA shall be required to be submitted before issuance of a Grading Permit. All applicable local, state, and federal permits shall be obtained before beginning site construction activity. Please note: City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 22 1. Drainage calculations presented on the construction plans must conform to calculations and analysis submitted in the Drainage Study. Where City approval of construction plans is not required, the above information required for the Drainage Study and permit approval, as well as construction plans for any drainage improvements shall be submitted. 2. If a stormwater facility is provided which qualifies for a Stormwater Utility Fee Credit, the engineer must submit an application to the City along with supporting documentation which shows compliance with the Stormwater Utility Fee Credit Policy and iSWM standards for water quality treatment. Refer to Appendix F — Stormwater Utility Fee Credit Policy. 3. A Grading Permit and accepted Drainage Study will be required prior to the issuance of a commercial building permit associated with a project causing 1.0 acre or more land disturbance, or smaller sites that are part of a Common Plan of Development. See the Grading Permit Application Form for submittal information. A Grading Permit will be required, even if an Early Grading Permit was obtained at an earlier stage. 4. Construction phase requirements shall comply with IPRC requirements. A Stormwater Facility Maintenance Agreement (SWFMA) is required for each stormwater control that will not be wholly maintained by the City. This agreement must outline both preventive maintenance tasks as well as major repairs, identify the schedule for each task, assign clear roles to effected parties, and provide a maintenance checklist to guide future owners including an annual self -inspection to be provided to the City. Please refer to the Stormwater Facility Maintenance Agreement Checklist. A customized facility specific Operations and Maintenance Plan shall be developed in accordance with City Stormwater Criteria Manual and NCTCOG iSWM Technical Manuals, and shall be included with the SWFMA. It shall clearly state which entity has responsibility for operation and maintenance of temporary and permanent stormwater controls and drainage facilities to ensure they function properly from the time they are first installed. The Operations and Maintenance Plan shall include: • Responsible party for all tasks in the plan • Inspection and maintenance requirements • Maintenance of permanent stormwater controls and drainage facilities during construction • Cleaning and repair of permanent stormwater controls and drainage facilities before transfer of ownership • Frequency of inspections for the life of the permanent structures • Description of maintenance tasks and frequency of maintenance • Access and safety issues • Maintenance easements • Reviewed and accepted maintenance agreements Guidance for development of Operation and Maintenance Plans has been provided with each temporary and permanent Best Management Practice (BMP) included in the iSWM Technical Manual. 2.3.2 Drainage Study The Drainage Study shall demonstrate that the overall Development plan (e.g. concept plan) does not cause an adverse impact. Subsequent drainage studies shall demonstrate how the new phase (e.g. preliminary plat) ensures that the overall Development plan does not cause adverse impacts. Impacts shall be measured from the baseline pre- Development conditions at time of the original Drainage Study submitted in support of the overall Development plan (e.g. concept plan). All maps and exhibits provided with the Drainage Study shall include, at a minimum, all of the features noted below. Features shall be delineated, labeled and described on the exhibit or map. A Drainage Study submission shall include, but not be limited to, the following: 1. A completed copy of the latest Drainage Study checklist furnished by the City. 2. Project summary information (Name, location, description, land use, sitelplat area, disturbance area, etc.) 3. Contact information for the owner and engineer: City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 23 a. Owners name, company name, phone number, email, and address. b. Engineers name, firm name, phone number, email, and address. 4. The purpose of the Drainage Study, and specifically which type of Development application the study would support. Note that a Drainage Study that was reviewed and accepted for a concept plan or preliminary plat only, would not support an application for a final plat, Grading Permit or infrastructure (IPRC) application. 5. A report or technical memo that is signed and sealed by a professional engineer licensed in the State of Texas, that includes: a. Description of the design methods, key assumptions and unusual conditions or site constraints b. Description and results of the Adverse Impact Assessment and Zone of Influence c. Response to specific questions or issued raised during the pre -submittal meeting d. Summary of results and comparison of pre- Development and post- Development condition. e. Results based confirmation that Development impacts do not meet or exceed the no adverse impact thresholds. f. Description and summary results for the impact mitigation plan and provision of an Adequate Outfall. Note this would include detention pond sizing and proposed storm drain extensions. g. Response to review comments, clearly describing how the comments were addressed and what changes were made to plans and models. h. Detailed description and explanation of all model input parameter changes. 6. Document, include and describe specific planning concerns and data sources. These items include but are not limited to: a. List and reference previous drainage studies, iSWM Plans or watershed plans that considered the project area. b. Note the source and date of contour or topography information. Note that LiDAR contours are freely available from the City G!S website. c. Known or suspected flooding or erosion downstream of the project. d. Known or suspected downstream constrictions, such as undersized culverts or storm drains. e. FEMA floodplains that require a Flood Study, CLOMR, LOMR, etc. If yes, list and reference any existing studies. f. Known or suspected wetland areas, mitigation areas, waters of the US, or other natural habitat features that may require consideration, 404 permit, nationwide permit, or state or federal permit. g. Existing impoundments or dams that could be, or become, subject to TCEQ permitting. h. Environmental concerns that would require special treatment or design consideration (e.g. fuel station, vehicle maintenance, auto recycling, illegal dump sites, industrial facilities, etc.). 7. Description of how Low impact design (LID) principles were applied to the project, such as the following: a. Preserved floodplains, streams, drainage patterns, natural storage, or steep slopes? b. Preserved trees, natural vegetation, wetlands, or other natural features? c. Drained runoff to pervious or vegetated areas? d. Utilized natural drainage systems (without erosion) instead of storm drain systems. e. Reduced pavement, minimize impervious cover or use alternative materials such as porous pavement 8. Pre -Development conditions map to document baseline pre -Development conditions, including. a. Project boundaries b. Aerial photo representing pre -Development conditions (imagery captured within 5 years of submission and before land disturbance started) c. Label and identify perennial and intermittent streams d. Delineate effective FEMA floodplains and label with zone, panel number, and effective date e. Delineate and label wetlands and natural habitat areas f. Label, delineate and identify location of dams and impoundments g. Label and identify existing roads, buildings and other impervious features City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 24 h. Label and identify existing major utilities, pipelines and easements i. Label, delineate and identify existing stormwater conveyance systems, including: overland flow, storm drains, inlets, catch basins, channels, swales, culverts, and bridges. Include plan number reference and facility size. 9. Post -Development map and site plan, including: a. Limits of clearing and grading b. Proposed street and lot layout c. Site plan elements (buildings, facilities, parking lot, etc.) d. Construction phasing plan e. Location and size of proposed storm drains and other stormwater controls (e.g. ponds) f. Location and size of existing storm drains, including plan reference number. g. Proposed dams or ponds subject to TCEQ requirements h. Proposed FEMA floodplain limits 10. Pre -Development Drainage Area Map a. Project boundaries b. Existing topography (1 or 2 foot contour interval, 5 or 10 foot for areas more than one square mile) c. USDA hydrologic soil types (or separate soils maps) d. Perennial or intermittent stream centerlines e. Delineate FEMA floodplains, studied floodplains, floodplain easements and open channels f. Location of wetlands, dams and impoundments g. Existing roads, buildings and other impervious areas h. Locations and size major utility lines and easements i. Location, size, and City File Number for existing stormwater conveyance systems such as storm drains, inlets, catch basins, channels, swales, and areas of overland flow j. Locations and dimensions of channels, bridges, or culvert crossings k. Delineation of watershed or drainage area boundaries, with correctly orientated flow arrows I. Delineate offsite drainage areas (1 or 2 foot contour interval, 5 or 10 foot for areas more than one square mile) m. Contours extend beyond project limits and offsite drainage areas to ensure the entire watershed has been delineated n. Delineate longest flow path each drainage area o. Provide time of concentration calculations for each area and lag time calculations for hydrograph methods. p. Computation table showing drainage areas, runoff coefficients or curve numbers, time of concentration or lag times, rainfall intensities and peak discharges for the 1, 5, and 100 year storms. Include a column to identify the collection point for each drainage area. q. Location of all site outfalls or where runoff leaves the site r. Delineate entire Zone of Influence and identify analysis points. s. Existing zoning and land use t. Composite calculations for runoff coefficients or curve numbers u. Drainage area and analysis point labels consistent with hydrologic and hydraulic calculations tables 11. Post -development Drainage Area Map a. Project boundaries b. Existing and proposed topography (1 or 2 foot contour interval, 5 or 10 foot for areas more than one square mile) c. USDA hydrologic soil types (or separate soils maps) d. Perennial or intermittent stream centerlines e. Delineate FEMA floodplains, studied floodplains, floodplain easements and open channels City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 25 f. Location of wetlands, dams and impoundments g. Roads, buildings and other impervious areas h. Locations and sizes of major utility lines and easements i. Location, size, and City File Number for existing stormwater conveyance systems such as storm drains, inlets, catch basins, channels, swales, and areas of overland flow j. Locations and dimensions of channels, bridges, or culvert crossings k. Delineation of watershed or drainage area boundaries, with flow arrows 1. Delineate offsite drainage areas (1 or 2 foot contour interval, 5 or 10 foot for areas more than one square mile) m. Contours extend beyond project limits and offsite drainage areas to ensure the entire watershed has been delineated n. Delineate longest flow path for each drainage area o. Provide time of concentration calculations for each area and lag time calculations for hydrograph methods. p. Computation table showing drainage areas, runoff coefficients or curve numbers, time of concentration or lag times, rainfall intensities and peak discharges for the 1, 5, and 100 year storms, for existing, proposed and ultimate conditions. Include a column to identify the collection point for each drainage area. q. Location of all site outfalfs or where runoff leaves the site, including labels with pre/postlultimate discharges. r. Proposed and ultimate zoning and land use s. Identify changes to watershed boundaries t. Composite calculations for runoff coefficients or curve numbers u. Delineate entire Zone of Influence and identify analysis points. v. Show downstream constrictions with runoff controls w. When the Development is a multi -phase project provide an overall drainage area map with all phases labeled. x. Proposed stormwater facilities with private maintenance (includes private storm drains, if detention is proposed, provide volume required) y. Drainage area and analysis point labels consistent- with hydrologic and hydraulic calculations tables. 12. Ultimate Development Drainage Area Map shall illustrate the full guild out and final condition of the overall Development that future phase shall adhere too. The map shall include all of the features noted above for a post Development drainage area map. 13. Hydrologic analysis and models shall adhere to all of the criteria listed throughout this Manual, as well as the following: a. Analysis methodology and inputs conform to Section 3.4 and relevant sections of the NCTCOG iSWM Technical Manuals. b. Selected hydrologic methods per Table 3.4 c. Runoff coefficient and curve numbers per Table 3.5 d. On site existing conditions per actual land use, not zoning e. Offsite conditions modelled as existing land use for comparison of pre- and post -development conditions f. Entire watershed (onsite and offsite areas) modelled per zoning or land use, which ever yields the highest peak discharge, for ultimate conditions hydrology. g. Ultimate conditions hydrology used for easement and stormwater facility sizing h. Unit hydrograph analysis performed using acceptable software package and model files provided. i. Modified Rational Method, if selected, was calculated using the equations described in the NCTCOG Hydrology Technical Manual, and not using a software package. j. The hydrologic analysis and Adverse Impact Assessment is carried to, or beyond, the zone of City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 26 Influence based on the 10% rule of thumb. This is required even when detention is provided (except for the specific small site waiver). k. Hydrologic work map was provided and shows model basins and routing 1. Junctions or calculation nodes provided at critical analysis points (e.g. at outfalls, culvert crossings, ponds, etc.) m. Reach modelling approaches applied per this Manual and standard modelling conventions n. Pre- and post -development modelling include onsite storage (e.g. upstream of a road culvert) and floodplain storage to determine impacts of any watershed storage loss that result from the Development o. Where a project discharges to more than one outfall, provide a corresponding analysis and Adverse Impact Assessment for each outfall p. Include mitigation design and analysis. q. Provide all applicable hydrologic condition analyses, including but not limited to: existing, proposed, proposed with mitigation if applicable, and ultimate. A multi -phased Development would include an additional condition for each phase. r. Rainfall depths per NCTCOG iSWM Hydrology Technical Manual. s. A summary results and comparison table was provided, and includes all junctions and design storms. t. Analysis for a zone A floodplain includes all applicable design storms and complies with FEMA guidelines. u. Land use maps for existing pre -development condition, proposed condition and ultimate (greater intensity of zoning and comprehensive plan) v. Soils maps provided w. Adverse Impact Assessment —see Chapter 3 14. Hydraulic analysis and models a. Analysis methodology and inputs conform to Section 3.8 and other relevant sections of the Stormwater Criteria Manual, the NCTCOG iSWM Technical Manuals, and applicable references (e.g. HEC-RAS manual). b. Standard modelling conventions are adhered to (e.g. ineffective flow areas at culverts, cross - sections perpendicular to flow, bank stations contained well inside the floodplain, etc.) c. For 1 D analysis, Manning's n per Table 3.15, Table 3.16 and other relevant technical references. d. Proposed multi -barrel culverts designed with one of the barrel flow lines at the stream centerline, and other barrels set higher to establish a single low flow drainage path e. Provide a hydraulic work map including, but not limited to: aerial imagery, cross sections, inundation limits, stream centerline, structures, flow change locations, labels, proposed easement limits, etc. f. Provide a summary table that correlates cross -sections to hydrologic nodes or add hydrologic nodes to RAS workmap g. Analysis considers appropriate tail water and effect of coincidental peaks h. Analysis sizes all driveway culverts and demonstrates that roadside ditch design meets design .standards. i. Mixed flow regime analysis is included if Froude number(§) is 0.9 or above (supercritical flow check). j. Analysis shows compliance with all applicable design criteria in Section 3.8. k. Analysis shows compliance with all No Adverse Impact criteria throughout the entire Zone of Influence I. Results summaries for all design storms and watershed conditions are tabulated. m. Summary tables include a comparison of pre- and post -development conditions at all cross sections and critical locations. n. Culvert and bridge hydraulics checklists are completed and attached for all proposed hydraulic structures. o. Where a project discharges to more than one outfall, provide a corresponding analysis for each City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 27 outfall. p. A dam breach analysis was performed and the results, dam maintenance plan and EAP are attached q. Drainage structure sizes and easement delineations (ultimate conditions 100-year flow) r. Flood elevations and corresponding minimum finished floor elevations for all potentially affect and proposed lots (ultimate conditions 100-year flow) are shown. s. Any other information pertinent to the preparation and review of project documents, including plat and construction plans are provided. 15. Detention pond checklist — attach a completed checklist for each stormwater detention facility 16. Culvert hydraulics checklist — attach a completed checklist (or equivalent) for each roadway culvert 17. Bridge hydraulics checklist -- attach a completed checklist (or equivalent) for each bridge crossing 18. Dam Maintenance and Emergency Action Plan — attach a completed checklist and plan for each facility subject to the requirement 19. Record Drawings — List the referenced record drawings and provide a copy of all record drawings used in the design; include only the relevant sheets necessary to document compliance with past drainage design, capacity and existing drainage facilities. Highlight pertinent information on the sheets provided. 20. Previous Stormwater Management Plans — list the referenced plans and describe how the content was used. If a model was used then note the source of the model in the report I memo discussion. If the plans or models were prepared by another engineer but for the basis of your design then affirm that you have reviewed and agreed with the findings. Include relevant plan sheets to illustrate how the past studies support your project. 21. Identifies future permitting, regulatory and documentation needs: a. Maintenance b. Easements c. Grading Permit d. FDP, CDC, CLOMR and LOMR e. Public infrastructure and CFA f. Park Conversion g. USACE permits (nationwide, 404, etc.) h. TCEQ Water Rights i. TxDOT permit — required when project outfali includes connection to a TxDOT storm drain, inlet, open channel, ditch or other TxDOT drainage infrastructure j. Future improvements agreement k. TRWD Permit — required when connecting to a TRWD facility 1. Adjacent property letters m. Encroachment Agreement n. Parkway Permit 2.3.3 Construction Plans Construction plans shall incorporate and utilize the latest standard details that are promulgated by the City. Plans shall adhere to all requirements listed in this Manual and other criteria documents or ordinances. Grading Permit Plans shall provide all items listed on the Grading Permit checklist furnished by the City. Driveway Culvert plans shall adhere to all requirements of this Manual for constructions plans. Plan and profile sheets, stationing, and survey shall extend to the nearest upstream and downstream culvert. Minimum roadside ditch slopes shall be maintained between all driveway culverts and other drainage structures. if there are no nearby driveway culverts or drainage structures then the plan, profile and survey shall extend a minimum of 500 feet upstream and 500 feet downstream of the proposed driveway culvert. Connection to the back of inlet of a private storm drain shall require review and acceptance of engineering plans that meet the requirements for constructions plans. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 28 Sidewalk flumes shall meet the design described in this Manual and standards for construction plans. 2.4 Floodplain Development & Flood Study 2.4.1 Introduction As an active participant in the National Flood Insurance Program (NF1P), the City maintains and enforces a floodplain management program consistent with Federal requirements (Title 44, Code of Federal Regulations) through implementation of standards outlined in Chapter 7, Article Vlll of the Fort Worth City Code. Under these regulations, the City is responsible for the review and approval of all proposed floodplain Development projects and ensuring that permits required by Federal, State, and Local laws have been received. Approval of the Floodplain Development Permit is contingent upon approval of the Floodplain Development Study. The City is also responsible for submitting all revised flood hazard information and data to FEMA in order to update affected Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) panels to reflect the present condition of flood risk in all FEMA basins within City limits. The City has adopted some standards that are higher that the requirements in the NF1P. The City's specific higher standards include the following: A regulatory design storm defined as the 1.0% annual chance event occurring on ultimate development land use conditions within drainage basins shall be used. Finish floor elevations shall be 2.0 feet above the water surface resulting from the regulatory design storm. Critical facilities as defined by the floodplain ordinance shall have a minimum finished floor above the 0.2% annual chance event. Proposed Developments shall not increase flood elevations during the regulatory design storm unless contained within a dedicated floodplain easement, and all other applicable criteria are met. The City also participates in the regional Corridor Development Certificate (CDC) program managed by the North Central Texas Council of Governments (NCTCOG), and reviewed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE). Projects located in or affecting the floodplains of the West Fork Trinity River and Clear Fork Trinity River are within the Trinity River Regulatory Zone and must meet CDC criteria in addition to City & FEMA floodplain development criteria. 2.4.2 Flood Study The Flood Study is a key component to the City's review and approval process for any proposed Development project in a FEMA floodplain. This study allows the applicant to clearly document that all proposed floodplain Development activities comply with local, state, and federal (FEMA) floodplain regulations. The Flood Study is a stand-alone document that is different from the Drainage Study report for a proposed project or activity. More specifically, the Flood Study demonstrates compliance with federal requirements, not just municipal requirements. All Flood Study reports must be submitted for review through the SDS electronic submittal process. • Due to the complexity and frequently -changing nature of regulatory models available across the City, a pre -submittal meeting is required prior to submitting a floodplain study for review. • The City reserves the right to reject any submittals delivered without a pre -submittal meeting. Based on the varying complexity of floodplain Development projects submitted annually, the City reserves the right to request additional information and/or technical analyses beyond that which is outlined in this Manual at any time during the review if determined necessary. A CLOMR, LOMR, or Flood Study shall be required by the City for any of the following activities within an effective FEMA- or other City -regulated floodplain: • Proposed Development within a designated floodway; • Proposed Development resulting in any change to the floodplain and/or floodway boundaries or base flood elevation; Proposed activities that alter a natural floodplain, stream channel, or natural protective barriers (e.g. riparian zones) or result in a waterway alteration or change of watercourse location; FEMA Conditional Letter of Map Revision (CLOMR) and Letter of Map Revision (LOMR) submittals for areas previously studied under detailed and approximate methods, or; City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 29 Other unique special hazard projects. 2.4.3 Floodplain Development Permits A Floodplain Development Permit is required before performing any construction activity, or causing physical alterations to property, within the FEMA SFHA (Floodplain). Refer to the City's Floodplain Ordinance for more information. Floodplain Development Permit (FDP) application fees were categorized into three tiers and differentiated by the scope of work to be performed in the FEMA Floodplain. 1. Basic. Limited to: storm drain outfall(s), underground utility crossings, at grade improvements that have no effect on floodplain hydraulic conditions and do not require a Flood Study, single family improvements that do not require an Elevation Certificate (EC) and do not require a Substantial Damage / Substantial Improvement (SD/SI) evaluation. 2. Fill. Includes: cut or fill in the FEMA floodplain, or any activity within the CDC area. Work that would typically cause a physical change to floodplain delineation or inundation limits. 3. Single Family Lot. Includes one (1) single family lot that requires a pre -construction or post construction EC, or SD/SI evaluation. For example: pre-LOMR new construction or significant work performed on existing or damaged houses. Note that FDP application fees are separate and in addition to Flood Study, CLOMR, and LOMR application fees. 2.5 Non-FEMA City Flood Risk Area Development Requirements 2.5.1 Introduction Where it rains, it can flood. Between 2014 and 2018, more than 40 percent of flood insurance claims in the U.S. came from outside the FEMA floodplains. The Floodplain Provisions Ordinance has proven to be very successful in reducing flood damages in or near the FEMA/City regulatory floodplains, but it does not address flood risks in areas outside of the FEMA regulatory floodplains. The City Flood Risk Area Policy has been created to build upon the successes of the Floodplain Provisions Ordinance to reduce the flood risk in areas outside the FEMA/City regulatory floodplains by establishing consistent Development guidelines managed with local resources. The three key components to reducing flood damages in City Flood Risk Areas (CFRA) are mapping the risk areas, communicating the risk to end users, and regulating how Development occurs in risk -prone areas. This section explains the difference between the different flood risk areas within the city and outlines the requirements for developing within a designated CFRA. The City Floodplain Provisions Ordinance and the Stormwater Criteria Manual specify the requirements and prohibitions that apply to a particular property. The City ordinances can be found at https://www.amlegal.com/codes/client/fort-worth tx/. Specific questions or comments about these CFRA Development requirements can be directed to Stormwater Development Services (SDSCa�fortworthtexas.gov). 2.5.2 Flood Risk Area Definitions The City utilizes three different flood risk areas to determine the level of flood risk for properties. It is important to note that these flood risk areas do not overlap. See Figure 1 for examples. FEMA Special Flood Hazard Area (SFHA)/City Regulatory Floodplain — Typically areas of riverine flooding that are flooded by a storm that has a 1% chance of equaling or exceeding that intensity in any given year. The FEMA floodplain is mapped using existing land use conditions, while the City has implemented higher standards and requires that fully -developed basin conditions be considered. Development in the basin is assumed to be the maximum allowable under the adopted zoning for the land. These floodplains are adopted and enforced in order to participate in the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP). All Development within this area requires a Floodplain Development Permit (FDP). City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 30 City Flood Risk Area (CFRA) — Areas located generally upstream of the FEMAICity regulatory floodplains, where detailed engineering studies prepared for specific basins indicate where stormwater runoff accumulates. The CFRA is regulated by the City, but not FEMA. Potential High Water Area (PHWA) — Areas located generally upstream of the FEMAICity regulatory floodplains and created for advisory purposes and planning efforts, which indicates that stormwater runoff accumulates to a depth of six (6) inches or greater due to concentration of flow and obstructions based on topography. The PHWA is also used to aid in the review of Drainage Studies submitted to Stormwater Development Services (SDS) for projects not in CFRA that will disturb greater than 1 acre of land as well as to inform Developers of projects under 1 acre of the flood risks. Figure 2.1 Example of CFRA, PHWA, and SFHA Mapping City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 31 2.5.3 Where to Find the Flood Risk Information The City's Flood Risk Viewer website located at Flood Risk Viewer (fortworth texas. gov) provides the location and extents of SFHAs, CFRAs and PHWAs. This information is also made available to residents, Developers, and engineers using the zoning map tool found on the Zoning Website located at https://www.fortworthtexas.gov/departments/development-services/zoning. Additionally, the One Address tool located at https://oneaddress.fortworthtexas.gov, includes basic information for both CFRAs and PHWAs along with to the FEMA flood risk areas. Property owners or Developers should use this information as a starting point to determine actual flood risks at a specific location. Future evaluations prepared for Stormwater Management Program planning purposes or in support of individual Development projects will be used to update the City Flood Risk Area and Potential High Water Area extents. 2.5.4 Comparison of NFIP and CFRA Since CFRAs are regulated by the City and not by FEMA, the City with Stakeholder assistance created provisions to minimize public and private losses due to flood conditions within the identified CFRA that were not addressed by the NFIP regulations. The following table provides a comparison of notable differences between the two. Table 2.1 Comparison of FEMA SFHA and Non-FEMA CFRA SFHAs CFRAs 3 Critical Facilities- Federally -funded facilities must be Critical Facilities- If outside the FEMA 500-year located outside the 500-year floodplain. (Hospitals, floodplain, could be located in CFRAs if adequately nursing homes, childcare facilities, emergency protected from flooding. (1)(3) responder, etc.) State licensing requires location outside 100-year floodplain. Renovations / Remodels- "Substantial Damage or Improvements" regulations require that the entire structure be brought into compliance with current codes if repairing damage or constructing improvements that cumulatively equal or exceed 50% of the existing structure's value. Basements- New construction of residential basements not allowed in FEMA floodplains unless properly elevated above the flood elevation. Commercial basements must be properly floodproofed. Waivers & Appeals- The waiver and appeals process for FEMA floodplain permitting may require action by the construction & fire prevention board of appeals and the City Plan Commission. Flood Insurance- Flood insurance is required by Federal regulations for any Federally -backed loan or mortgage. Some Federal grant funds also require the purchase of flood insurance. Cash transactions do not require flood insurance, and the flood insurance requirement expires upon the full payment of a Federally -backed loan. Flood Protection- Lowest floor elevations for residential projects in FEMA floodplains must be elevated 2.0 feet above the 100-year fully developed flood elevation. Commercial projects may provide wet or dry floodproofing certification to the same elevation. (2) Renovations / Remodels- "Substantial Damage or Improvements" regulations are not required outside the FEMA 100-year floodplain, so cumulative improvements would not need to be tracked. Basements- New construction of residential or commercial basements allowed in CFRAs if properly floodproofed. (2) Waivers and Appeals- The waiver and appeals process for CFRAs may be handled administratively by Stormwater Development Services and Floodplain Management staff. Flood Insurance- Since all CFRAs are located outside the FEMA floodplains, flood insurance is not a mandatory part of any loan or grant. However, flood insurance is available to anyone in the City, and any lender could require flood insurance as a condition of their loan. Flood Protection- Because CFRAs are managed by the City, elevation is not mandatory for residential projects in CFRAs. A variety of flood protection options could be considered as long as the necessary flood protection is provided. Commercial projects may use wet or dry floodproofing techniques to achieve the necessary flood protection. (2) City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 32 Flood Map Revisions Due to Projects- Map changes Flood Map Revisions Due to Projects- City - are submitted to FEMA after project construction managed floodplain maps can be quickly and easily through the letter Of Map Revision (LOMR) process. updated using digital files prepared for the project plat Approval time is typically 9-18 months depending on and plans. A compliance certificate can also be the project. provided as needed to ensure finance needs are met on schedule. FEMA Map Corrections Due to Inaccuracies- FEMA CFRA Map Corrections Due to Inaccuracies- CFRA floodplain maps are corrected through the official maps are easier to correct more quickly because the LOMRILOMA process. Certified existing conditions are maps are maintained locally. Evidence of correct submitted to FEMA for approval. This process elevations (4) can be provided at any time to show averages 3-9 months and may take longer for accurate CFRA limits. significant errors. 0) Texas Health & Human Services Commission (2) F000dproofing and Flood Protection — FEMA flood damage reduction and floodproofing guidelines (3) Adequate Flood Protection — Lowest floor elevation or floodproofing to an elevation of at least 2.0 feet above the 100- year ultimate development flood elevation. (4) Elevation Certificate or survey 2.5.5 CFRA Development Requirements For the purposes of CFRA regulation, Development activities include but are not limited to the construction or alteration of buildings or other structures (i.e. residential structures, non-residential structures, fences, sheds, garages, and retaining walls), filling, grading, paving, excavation, drilling operations or storage of equipment or materials. A CFRA Certificate of Compliance is required for proposed projects with less than one acre of disturbance to ensure compliance with the provisions of the Floodplain Provisions in Chapter 7 Article 8 Division 7 of the City Code, For Development activities with areas of disturbance one acre or more, the CFRA Certificate of Compliance will not be required but submission and approval Stormwater Drainage Study will be required. If the proposed Development is considered to be part of a Common Plan of Development then the criteria for sites with area of disturbance of one acre or more will apply. For all structures mitigated via elevation, a post -construction elevation certificate must be submitted to the city within 60 days of completion of construction. The certificate must be completed by a registered public land surveyor or licensed professional engineer and include the elevation in relation to mean sea level of the lowest floor including basement, finished garage and lowest elevation of machinery or equipment servicing the building. For all structures mitigated via floodproofing, the floodproofing method must be shown on the construction plans. The structure and attendant utility and sanitary facilities must be floodproofed to or above the DFE. All wet or dry floodproofing shall be completed in accordance to FEMA floodproofing guidance. The City will not approve any Development activity in the CFRA until either the CFRA Certificate of Compliance or the Stormwater Drainage Study have been reviewed and approved by the City. This means no building permits or other permits will be issued for a property within the CFRA until either the CFRA Certificate of Compliance or Stormwater Drainage Study is approved. The only exceptions to this will be in the cases of either a minor project or waiver both of which require prior approval from the Floodplain Administrator or designee. 2.5.6 CFRA Development Procedures 1. Is the Proposed Development Located in a CFRA? First, the owner or representative of any proposed public or private Development located in the vicinity of a CFRA shall determine if the proposed work is located within the CFRA using the City's websites before submitting a building permit. Continue to the next step only if the proposed Development is located within the CFRA. 2. How large is the Proposed Development? Proposed Developments inside a CFRA with a land disturbance of one acre or greater will need to adhere to the established SDS Drainage Study submittal and review process and will not follow the steps for a CFRA Certificate City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 33 of Compliance. Models used to produce the CFRA can be utilized by Developers/engineers in the drainage studies for projects greater than one acre. Proposed Development inside a CFRA with a land disturbance of less than one acre will require a CFRA Certificate of Compliance to ensure compliance with the City of Fort Worth Floodplain Provisions Ordinance. This certificate must be stamped by a licensed professional engineer registered with the State of Texas who certifies that the proposed structure is safe from flood risk and that the proposed project will not cause any adverse impacts to flood risk on adjacent properties. A Flood Study and/or Drainage Study will not be required to be submitted to the City for review. Continue to next step. 3. Complete CFRA Certificate of Compliance For proposed Development requiring submittal of a CFRA Certificate of Compliance, the form may be requested from the Stormwater Development Services group at sdsCc-)fortworthtexas.gov or downloaded from the city website. This certificate must be completed, signed and sealed by a licensed professional engineer registered with the State of Texas. All sections of the Project Information section must be filled out except for the surveyor information if no surveyor was required. The Property Owner Name should not be the same as the Engineer unless said Engineer owns the property. The DFE for the property and how it was determined must be included within the CFRA Information section on the certificate. The DFE can be a single elevation or a range of elevations for those areas with steeper inclines. This information can be determined from either a City provided engineering study (available on request) or an independent engineering evaluation performed following guidance from the Stormwater Criteria Manual. In those instances where an independent engineering study is used, additional information may be requested by the City in support of the review. It must be noted on the certificate if the proposed structure is to be mitigated against flood risk by either elevating to DFE, floodproofing (wet or dry), or some other means. While an engineering study is not required to be submitted for City review for projects disturbing less than one acre, the engineer of record shall describe on the certificate how potential adverse impacts were considered. See Texas Water Code, Chapter 11, Subchapter B for more information on the State law prohibiting Development on a property from creating adverse drainage impacts on others. The following are considerations when addressing potential impacts: • Estimated flood depth or velocity • Potential change or block of existing drainage patterns • Potential to increase flooding on, or otherwise adversely impact, adjacent properties • Potential to adversely impact public Right of Way (ROW) or facilities All submittals must also include a Project Boundary Map which shows the proposed Development activities in relation to the CFRA. If the property owner feels a waiver from the CFRA Certificate of Compliance is justified or that the proposed work meets the definition of a minor project, then contact the SIDS team for discussion and review. Waiver requests will be submitted on the Stormwater Waiver Form and reviewed following the Stormwater Waiver process. 4. Pre -Submittal Meeting (Optional for CFRA) Before submitting a CFRA Certificate of Compliance, the property owner or engineer can request a meeting with SIDS and Floodplain Management staff to discuss the proposed project and Development requirements. Contact staff at sds _ fortworthtexas.gov to schedule the pre -submittal meeting. The meeting request form shall be completed and returned with attachments to SIDS before a meeting can be scheduled. 5. Submittal of CFRA Certificate of Compliance The completed and sealed CFRA Certificate of Compliance along with any supporting documentation must be submitted with the associated building permit application for review. For information on the procedure for digital submittals, visit the City's website or contact the Stormwater Development Services team at sds@fortworthtexas.gov. 6. Review and Acceptance City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 34 Upon receiving a CFRA Certificate of Compliance, the submittal will be initially reviewed for completeness. If found to be incomplete then the submission will be rejected for review and the applicant notified of deficiencies. Review will not proceed until a complete submittal is received. City staff, or a contractor, will review the CFRA Certificate of Compliance submissions for general compliance with the Stormwater Criteria Manual and the Floodplain Provisions ordinance. Acceptance of the certificate does not relieve the property owner or engineer from responsibility ensuring the proposed project is in compliance with the Stormwater Criteria Manual and all other applicable local, state and federal requirements, and will accomplish the goal of CFRA management. 7. Post Construction Requirements For all structures mitigated via elevation, a post -construction elevation certificate must be submitted to the city within 60 days of completion of construction. The certificate must be completed by a registered public land surveyor or licensed professional engineer and submitted to sds(ZDfortworthtexas.gov. 2.5.7 Guidance for CFRA Models For those projects located within the CFRA with a land disturbance of one acre or more, the CFRA models can be provided for use in the SIDS Drainage Study submittal. These models are two-dimensional (2D) and as such require advanced software, an understanding of 2D modeling principles and model parameters, and experience and expertise in advanced hydrologic and hydraulic modeling. The following best practice guidelines are provided for Developers/engineers choosing to develop a model or use one of the City's CFRA models: • Schedule a Stormwater PDC to discuss and fully document the proposed modeling approach • For modifying the CFRA model: o Compare pre- and post -development conditions to current CFRA models o Limit model modifications (such as model parameters, re -meshing, roughness polygon n-values, etc.) to those relevant to the proposed site changes o Use the Fact Sheets made available with specific guidance (such as standard assumptions, boundary conditions, hydrology methods, meshing, limitations, etc.) • Model Alternatives: Depending on specific site location and conditions, alternative software models may be allowed, based on City staff concurrence o Drainage Study submittal must document alternate model approach circumstances and comparisons to the current CFRA model • Tolerances and 2D unconfined flow models: a Due to software methodologies and technology, some variations or tolerances can be considered when comparing model results o A comparison of model output for pre- and post -project conditions should document any changes that result from software version or model assumptions. o Spatially varied impacts may be tolerated in circumstances that do not adversely impact (i.e. increase depth or velocity) Drainage study submittal: o Document in the technical memo what software was used, all model changes and include tables comparing existing and proposed conditions model results. o Include an exhibit showing the model structure link -node diagram for existing and proposed condition models comparison. a Include an exhibit correlating model link -node elements to site layout and design plans for existing and proposed conditions. NOTE: This package is intended to be an informational guide to the CFRA Development review process. There may be additional information and documentation required based on individual circumstances. HAVE QUESTIONS? To address questions concerning your project contact the Stormwater Development Services Team at sd�fortworthtexas.aov or call 817-392-1234, City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 35 SDS Pre - submittal Meeting Drainage No Pub. Study & Infra. LFi-, *Flood 7 Study Yes Yes (final short plat) r concept P F Flood Study & Platting Drainage Plan & I Drainage I Study Preliminary I Study I Yes plat I Updates I (concept plan or — ^ —' —, preliminary plat) No (grading permit) Fy. Drainage Pub. Study & Infra. 'Flood 7 ------------------ =Grading ; Stormwater Building Pre -Con Permit ' Check *FDP ! I SWFMA I '--------- ---- IPRC Construction Drawings r--------------- Grading radin Permit No Stormwater Building —Pre-Can Check Permit "FDP IE SWFMA 1 ; Figure 2.2 Generalized Stormwater Development Review Process City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 36 IPRC and CFA documents ----------------' Final Plat Grading I ' I Permit 1 Stormwater IPRC M Pre Can Pre -Can Check Meeting i r--jr— —1, I *FDP II SWFMA 1 I IE I� ----------------' * FEMA floodplain compliance (as applicable) - ; If applicable 3 Stormwater Design Criteria This chapter presents an integrated approach for meeting stormwater runoff quality and quantity management goals by addressing the key adverse impacts of Development on stormwater runoff. Its framework consists of three focus areas, each with options in terms of how the focus area is applied. Design Focus Areas The stormwater management focus areas and goals are: • Water Quality Protection: Remove pollutants in stormwater runoff to protect water quality. Note: Water quality protection is encouraged and incentivized, but not a mandatory requirement in the City. • Streambank Protection: Regulate discharge from the site to minimize downstream bank and channel erosion. Flood Mitigation and Conveyance: Control runoff within and from the site to minimize flood risk to people and properties for the conveyance storm as well as the flood mitigation storm. Water quality design criteria are voluntary in City of Fort Worth. The controls may be used, however, to obtain Stormwater Fee Credits, in which case iSWM standards are applicable. Information on Stormwater Utility Fee Credits is contained in Appendix F of this manual. While water quality protection is encouraged but not required in the City, steps for water quality protection are beneficial to sustainable Development and are recommended in the Development process. Each of the Design Focus Areas shall be used in conjunction with the others to.address the overall stormwater impacts from a Development site. When used as a set, the Design Focus Areas are intended to control the entire range of hydrologic events, from the smallest runoff -producing rainfalls up to the 100- year, 24-hour storm. 3.1 Design Options There are multiple options provided to meet the criteria for water quality protection, streambank protection, conveyance, and flood mitigation. These design options are summarized in Table 3.2 and described in additional detail in Section 3.7.2. Design criteria for streambank protection and flood mitigation are primarily based on an Adverse Impact Assessment. The purpose of the downstream assessment Adverse Impact Assessment is to protect downstream properties and channels from increased flooding and erosion potential due to upstream Development. An Adverse Impact Assessment is required to determine the zone of Influence and the extent of improvements necessary for streambank protection and flood mitigation. An Adverse Impact Assessment shall be performed for streambank protection, conveyance, and flood mitigation storm events as described in Table 3.1, Table 3.3 and Section 3.7.3. Note that Developments that demonstrate no increase in impervious cover and sites proposing detention storage, with a total land disturbance of less than 5 acres and a contributing drainage area of less than 25 acres at outfall will not require a Adverse Impact Assessment. In cases where detention is proposed to waive Adverse Impact Assessment, detention volume must adequately address the increase in discharge due to the proposed Development. If calculations indicate that a Development causes no adverse impacts to existing conditions, then it is possible that mitigation would not be required. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 37 able 3.1 Zone of Influence and Adequate Outfall Determination Item Parameter Requirements • No new or increased flooding (0.00 feet) of existing insurable (FEMA) structures Habitable 1 Structures (habitable buildings). • No increase greater than 0.1 feet in 1-, 5-, and 100-year flood elevations over Flood existing roadways. No increase greater than 0.1 feet and 100-year flood 2 Elevations elevations, unless contained in existing public channel, roadway, drainage easement and/or R.O.W. ` Where provisions of the City's floodplain ordinance may be more restrictive, the 3 F000dplain floodplain ordinance shall have authority over the above provisions. Ordinance • ;proposed channel velocities for 1-, 5-, and 100-year storms cannot exceed the applicable maximum permissible velocity shown in Table 3.16 and Table 3.17 of this manual. Exceptions to these criteria will require certified geotechnical Channel /geomorphologic studies that provide documentation that the higher velocities will 4 Velocities not create additional erosion. If existing channel velocities exceed maximum permissible velocities shown in Table 3.16 and Table 3.17, no more than a 5% increase in velocities will be allowed. No increase in downstream discharges caused by the proposed Development 5 Downstream that, in combination with existing discharges, exceeds the existing capacity of the Discharges downstream storm drainage system or existing right -of- way. • A Development of 5 acres or less, with proposed detention and draining a watershed less than or equal to 25 acres, a Adverse Impact Assessment is not required. The detention volume must adequately address the increase in discharge due to the proposed Development. • For watersheds of one hundred (100 ac) acres or less at any proposed outfall, the Adverse Impact Assessment may use the 10% rule of thumb when detention is Adverse proposed (as delineated in Section 2A of the Hydrology Technical Manual) or a 6 Impact detailed study (no detention) in order to determine the Zone of Influence (where Assessment pre -development and post -development flows are the same). • For all other watersheds, the Zone of Influence will be defined by a detailed hydrologic and hydraulic analysis (see Section 3.7 for more details). • In all cases, Adverse Impact Assessment shall always extend to or beyond the 10% point. • A Adverse Impact Assessment exemption may be acquired for small infill Developments which meet the specific criteria outlined in Section 3.7.2. `Section 2.0 of the Hydrology Technical Manual provides additional information on calculating discharges and velocities, as welf as determining the downstream extent of the assessment. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 38 Table 3.2 Summary of Options for Design Focus Areas D&sighF6difs.-Area'',AdVbtse, mpact Assessmehl' - :­bbsiqn, Options Water Quality Protection Option 1: Use integrated Site Design Practices for conserving natural features, reducing impervious cover, and using the natural drainage systems Option 2: Treat the Water Quality- Protection Volume (WQV) by reducing total suspended solids from the Development site for runoff resulting from rainfalls of up to 1.5 inches (85th percentile storm) (Not currently required by the City) Please note, water quality protection No may be required by TRWD or other Option 3: Assist in implementing off -site community stormwater pollution agencies, prevention programsiactivities as designated in an accepted stormwatet master plan or TPDES Stormwater permit Option 1: Reinforcelstabilize downstream conditions Option 2: Install stormwater controls to maintain or improve existing downstream conditions Streambank Protection Yes Option 3: Provide on -site controlled release of the 1- year, 24-,hour storm event over a period of 24 hours (Streambank Protection Volume, SPV) Flood Mitigation (3.7) Option 1: Provide adequate downstream conveyance systems (Requires a Adverse Impact Assessment or application of the Simplified Finding of No Significant Impact as presented in Section 3.7.2) Option 2: Install stormwater controls on -site to maintain or improve existirig downstream conditions. A Adverse Impact Assessment is no required for on -site controls in the form of detention when proposed site has less than 5 acres of land disturbance and is draining less than 25 acres at the outlet of the basin. Detention must completely mitigate the Flood Mitigation and increase in peak discharge due to proposed Development. Conveyance Yes/No - Option 3: In lieu of a Adverse Impact Assessment, mimic existing on -site runoff conditions (Does not require a Adverse Impact Assessment) Option 4: If downstream impacts are limited to a single adjacent property ,notarized and involve only private runoff, then the Developer may obtain letter of permission from the affected property ownei acknowledging the impacts from the subjected property in lieu ol mitigation. The letter is not an option when public runoff is involved. Conveyance (3.8) Minimize localized site flooding of streets, sidewalks, and properties by a combination of on -site stormwater controls and conveyance systems City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 39 3.2 Design Storms The City requires the following storm events to be used in the integrated stormwater design. Throughout the manual the storms will be primarily referred to by their storm event names. Table 3.3 Storm Events Storm Event Name Storm Event Descri tioh '_.' Desi n,Standard 2 "Water Quality" Criteria based on a volume of 1.5 inches of rainfall, not a storm frequency Streambank Protection" 1-year return period • Low flow channels and velocity check "Conveyance" 5-year return period . Secondary check for street inundation and open travel lanes "Flood Mitigation" 100-year return period . Open channels • Primary standard for street and storm drain in conjunction 9 Currently encouraged and incentivized but not required in the City 2 See Section 3.8 for specific design criteria 3.3 Design Criteria The Design requirements for the City are: 1. All Development within the City Limits or its Extra -territorial Jurisdiction (ETJ) shall include planning, design, and construction of storm drainage systems in accordance with this Stormwater Criteria Manual, the Subdivision Ordinance, City's design manuals, and the CFA Ordinance_ Please see definition of Development and project size limitations for specific design requirements under "Abbreviations and Definitions" in Section 1.2. 2. All drainage related plans and studies shall be prepared and sealed by a Licensed Professional Engineer with a valid license and a valid registered Firm number from the State of Texas. The engineer shall attest that the design was conducted in accordance with this Manual. 3. For currently developed areas within the City with planned Redevelopment, stormwater discharges and velocities from the project shall not exceed discharges and velocities from the existing developed conditions. Alternatively, a notarized letter of permission may be obtained from the affected property owner, acknowledging the proposed impact, as shown in Table 3.2, Option 4 under Flood Mitigation. The letter option is only available for private runoff, this option is not available when public runoff is involved. For public runoff, easements shall be obtained by the Developer. 4. All drainage analyses and design plans shall be formulated and based upon fully developed watershed or drainage area runoff conditions from the upstream area. Where detention is in place with a valid SWFMA or a master plan has been adopted, a Development may plan to receive less than fully developed flow from upstream. The rainfall frequency criteria for stormwater facilities, as enumerated within this Criteria Manual, shall be utilized for all drainage studies and design plans. 5. Stormwater must be carried to an "adequate or acceptable outfall". An Adequate Outfall is one that does not create or increase flooding or erosion conditions downstream and is in all cases subject to the approval of the TPW. See additional clarification in Table 3.1 and Section 3.7.3. An Adequate Outfall typically consists of a public storm drain, inlet, channel, culvert, creek or other public drainage facility that can be analyzed to determine adequate capacity or no adverse impact. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 40 6. Proposed stormwater discharge rates and velocities from a Development shall not exceed the rates and velocities from existing conditions, unless a detailed study is prepared that demonstrates that no adverse impacts will be created, as defined in Table 3.1 and Section 3.7.3. 7. If a proposed Development drains into an improved channel or stormwater drainage system designed under a previous City drainage policy (Prior to 2006), then the hydraulic capacities of downstream facilities must be checked to verify that increased flows, caused by the new Development, will not exceed the capacity of the existing system or cause increased downstream structure flooding. If there is not sufficient capacity to prevent exceedance of existing rights of way or increased downstream flooding, then detention or other acceptable measures must be adopted to accommodate the increase in runoff due to the proposed Development. For projects which have an accepted Drainage Study and/or iSWM plan, including phased Developments which have some existing constructed phases after the adoption of the iSWM criteria in June 2006, findings in accepted studies will remain valid. 8. Stormwater runoff may be stored in detention and retention basins to mitigate potential downstream impacts caused by a proposed Development. Proposed detention or retention basins shall be analyzed both individually and as a part of the watershed system, to assure compatibility with one another and with the City's overall Stormwater Management Master Plan for that watershed (if available). Storage of stormwater runoff, near to the points of rainfall occurrence, such as the use of parking lots, ball fields, property line swales, parks, road embankments, borrow pits and on -site ponds is desirable and encouraged. 9. When detention is used to attenuate peak discharge from a proposed Development, runoff must be controlled for the applicable storms listed in Table 3.3 so that detained proposed peak discharges do not adversely impact downstream flooding and stream bank conditions, as described in Design Guidelines 5 and 6, above. Where detention is used to completely offset the impact of the Development, the proposed site is 5.0 acres or less and the contributing basin has a drainage area less than 25 acres at outlet, a Adverse Impact Assessment is not required. 10. Alternatives to detention or retention, for mitigation of potential downstream impacts caused by proposed Development, include: acquisition of expanded drainage easements, ROW, or letter of consent; downstream channel and/or roadway drainage system improvements or stream bank erosion protection. These alternatives will be considered, as presented by the Developer, by the Director of the Development Services Department, on a case -by -case basis. 11. Stream bank stabilization and protection features to reduce or prevent erosion and sedimentation for creeks, streams, and channels shall be required, as specified in this Manual, and to ensure the intent of Design Guidelines 5 and 6, above. 12. All proposed Developments within the City Limits or Extra -territorial Jurisdiction (ETJ) shall comply with all local, county, state and federal regulations; whichever is more stringent. All required permits or approvals shall be obtained by the Developer from the governing jurisdiction. 13. The policy of the City is to avoid substantial or significant transfer of stormwater drainage runoff from one basin to another and to maintain historical drainage paths whenever possible. However, the transfer of stormwater drainage from basin to basin may be necessary in certain instances and will be reviewed and a waiver shall be requested using the Stormwater Waiver Request Form CFW-7. 14. All studies, design, construction plans, analysis, hydrology, hydraulics, exhibits and documents that are submitted to the City for review shall comply with this Manual. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 41 3.4 Hydrologic Design Criteria 3.4. 1 Types of Hydrologic Methods There are a number of empirical hydrologic methods available to estimate runoff characteristics for a site or drainage sub basin. However, the following methods are authorized by the City to be used to support hydrologic site analysis for the design methods and procedures included in this manual subject to the limitations on their use included in this Manual: • Rational and Modified Rational Method • SCS Unit Hydrograph Method • Snyder's Unit Hydrograph Method • USGS & TXDOT Regression Equations • iSWM Water Quality Protection Volume Calculation • Water Balance Calculations Table 3.4 provides the City limitations on the use of several accepted hydrologic methods Table 3.4 City of Fort Worth Constraints on Using Recommended Hydrologic Methods 'Method Ske,Liibitations' Comments Rational' 0 — 200 acres Method authorized for estimating peak flows and the design of small site or subdivision storm sewers stems. Method can be used for final design in single basins up to 25 acres. Modified Rational',2.3 0 — 25 acres However, modified rational method is not allowed for basins in series or when drainage area is diverted from pre -development outfalls. Unit Hydrograph (SCS) Any Size Method can be used for estimating peak flows and hydrographs for all design applications. Unit Hydrograph 100 acres and Method can be used for estimating peak flows and hydrographs for all (Snyder's) larger design applications. TXDOT Regression 10 to 100 mi2 Method can be used for estimating peak flows for rural design Equations applications. USGS Regression Equations 3 — 40 mi2 Method can be used for comparison with other methods I Note: Calculations previously accepted by the City using "C" coefficients from the 2006 manual shall be acceptable. 2 MRM Methodology shall be as defined in Section 1.5.2 of the iSWM Hydrology Technical Manual. 3 A City provided Modified Rational Method too[ is available and its use is encouraged. Please contact SIDS staff at SDS@fortworthtexas.gov. • The City requires that the "C" coefficients presented in Table 3.5 be used in all Rational and modified Rational Method computations. Calculations previously accepted by the City using "C" coefficients from the June 2006 Manual shall be acceptable, as described in Section 1.3. Where existing land use does not correspond to Table 3.5, a composite "C" value may be calculated using 0.9 for impervious areas and 0.3 for pervious areas. • For existing Development site conditions, a composite calculation shall be provided, and used as the baseline for comparing impacts. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 42 • Rainfall distribution for the SCS Unit Hydrograph shall be based on the Frequency Rainfall Data provided in Section 5 0 of the Hydrology Technical Manual centered at the midpoint of the rainstorm (12th hour of a 24-hour storm). • The percent impervious values presented in Table 3.5 shall be used in the SCS Unit Hydrograph calculations. • The "Frequency Factors" referenced in Section 1.2.3 of the Hydrology Technical Manual are not required by the City. • Figure 3.1 presents a sample computation summary sheet for the presentation of unit hydrograph method results. This form shall be completed even if the computations are performed on an acceptable computer program such as HEC-1 or HEC-HMS. Refer to Appendix B for acceptable modeling programs. • An alternative method to determine Snyder's Lag is to determine the time of concentration (travel time) by the methodology described in Section 1.3.6 of the Hydrology Technical Manual and multiply this time of concentration by O.B. • The TxDOT and USGS Regression methods shall only be used for comparison of the reasonableness of other accepted determinations, not for final results or design iSWM Water Quality Protection Volume (WQv) calculation method is not required by the City. • Fully Developed Conditions — For watershed hydrology, fully developed conditions include: o All existing developed areas shall reflect current land use, current zoning, or future land use per City's Comprehensive Plan, whichever yields the greatest runoff. o All existing undeveloped areas shall reflect anticipated future land use designated by zoning classification, by the City's Comprehensive Plan, or by an approved concept plan; whichever yields the greatest runoff. • If the anticipated offsite future Development is unknown (not zoned or included in a comprehensive plan or other land plan), a minimum weighted runoff coefficient of 0.75 or equivalent SCS Curve Number with 75% impervious cover shall be used. • The 100 year inundation limits in a detention pond shall be considered to be impervious cover (C=0.9, CN=98). • Reach routing methods: lag routing is acceptable for pipes only, modified puls routing shall be used when a HEC-RAS model is available. • Proposed rural residential subdivisions comprised of lots sizes 2 acres (net) or greater shall be considered to have no less than 20% impervious cover for proposed conditions (C=0.42). Table 3.5 presents the Rational Method Runoff "C" Coefficients for the City. The basis of these coefficients is the standard zoning classification used by the City ("A-5, "A-21", etc.) An example of the determination of these coefficients is presented in Figure 3.2. 3.4.2 Rainfall Estimation Rainfall intensities are provided in Section 5.0 of the Hydrology Technical Manual for the sixteen (16) counties within the North Central Texas Council of Governments. The intensities are based on a combination of data from Hydra-35 and USGS. These intensities, or those sourced from Atlas 14, shall be used for all hydrologic analysis within the applicable county. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 43 Table 3.5 Runoff Coefficients �Runoff'Cdefficient Desdfiption oftand Use % Impervious ..C„ Single Family Residential "A-43" one -acre lots (1) (2) 35 0.51 Residential "A-21" half -acre lots 37 0.52 Residential "A-10" 10,000 SF lots 49 0.59 Residential "A-7.5" 55 0.63 Residential "A-5" 61 0.67 Residential "MI -I", "A-R", "B", 65 0.69 Multi Family "CR" 65 0.69 I.C. 79 0.77 "D" 93 0.86 Commercial, Industrial, House of Worship, School, Planned Development, Urban Residential (3) 4% Open Space (Default if no site plan) 96 0.88 10% Open Space (Site plan required) 90 0.84 20% Open Space (Site plan required) 80 0.78 Parks, Cemeteries 7 0.34 Railroad Yard Areas 29 0.47 Streets & ROW: Asphalt, Concrete, or Brick 100 0.90 Drives, Walks, Roofs, Detention Ponds (4) 100 0.90 Gravel Areas 43 0.56 unim roves Areas U U.Ju Assumptions: (1) For Residential Calculations: - Current City Development standards for minimum lot size and maximum lot coverage (structure) for each classification - Assumed 10.5' Parkway and 18' driveway - Assumed 29' B-B street dimension - Calculated by applying 90% runoff from impervious areas and 30% runoff from pervious areas (2) Calculated from designated set -backs (3) Includes R-1, R-2, UR and similarly intensive uses 4 100 year inundation limits City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 44 m ---_—__m F-_-_-._..------ rL RESIDENTIAL STREET ----- a1 N 0.5 so, uiu+r. I 20, MIN. i 3 I FRONT = YARD c ExIlTO' L1iN. MAX FLOOR AREA■ 2.500 S.F. ra% LOT -9M WIL LOT AREAo SAW S.F. R.O.W. REAR YARD APPROX. USE OF LOT AREA= 5,000 S.F. + R.O.W. (2S'xS0') Q 6,260 S.F. MAX. C USE A MAX. CA 0.9 STREET(14.5x150) 725 652.6 0.9 DRIVEWAYAIID SIDEWALK 677 609.3 0.9 ROOF 21500 2,250.0 0.3 LAUDSCAPE AREA 2.348 704.4 TO TAL CA 4,216.2 CALC. -MA 0.67 PROMMATIOII OF RUII OFF COEFFICIEIIT r0.67 Figure 3.1 Sample Calculation Sheet for Runoff Coefficient "C" City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 45 D DATE °ICDt DATE: LOSS RATE METHOD COMPUTATION SUMMARY -SHEET SHEET 1 °� SUBWA"fI=RSHED WATERSHED MAJOR JDBlFILE LEN°.: N STREAM ROUTING HYDROLOGY BY UNIT,HYDROGRAPH METHOD ANALYSIS POINT SUBWATERSHED AREA -(AC) WATERSHED AREA (AC) UNITAYDROGRAPH COEFFICIENTS PEAK DISCHARGES (GFSJ COMMENTS SCS METHOD, SNYDER'S METHOD CN Lag HR C P Ty HR Q, as Imo 1 2 3 4 5 8 7 8 9 11 12 REMARKS, SKETCHES AND COMPUTATIONS Figure 3.2 Computation Summary Sheet for Hydrology by Unit Hydrograph Method City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 46 3.5 Water Quality Protection 3.5. 1 Introduction iSWM requires the use of integrated Site Design Practices as the primary means to protect the water quality of our streams, lakes, and rivers from the negative impacts of stormwater runoff from Development. The integrated Site Design Practices shall be designed as part of the Drainage Studies and Construction Plans. In addition to the integrated Site Design Practices, required water quality protection can be achieved by two additional options: (1) by treating the water quality protection volume and (2) assisting with off -site pollution prevention activities. These three approaches are described below. The City has currently opted to implement the streambank protection and flood mitigation and conveyance goals, but not the water quality protection component The City does not require water quality protection for Development but strongly encourages this to be done. The City provides a stormwater fee credit (reduction) as an incentive for voluntary compliance with this component of stormwater management See Appendix F for more information regarding fee credits. 3.5.2 Option 1: integrated Site Design Practices and Credits The integrated Site Design Practices are methods of Development that reduce the "environmental footprint" of a site. They feature conservation of natural features, reduced imperviousness, and the use of the natural drainage system. In this option, points are awarded for the use of different Site Design Practices. A minimum number of points are needed to meet the iSWM requirements for Water Quality. Additional points can be gained to qualify for Development incentives. See Appendix F for additional details. 3.5.2.1 List of integrated Site Design Practices and Techniques Twenty integrated Site Design Practices are grouped into four categories listed below. Not all practices are applicable to every site. • Conservation of Natural Features and Resources 1. Preserve.Undisturbed Natural Areas 2. Preserve Riparian Buffers 3. Avoid Floodplains 4. Avoid Steep Slopes 5. Minimize Siting on Porous or Erodible Soils • Lower Impact Site Design Techniques 1. Fit Design to the Terrain 2. Locate Development in Less Sensitive Areas 3. Reduce Limits of Clearing and Grading 4. Utilize Open Space Development 5. Consider Creative Designs • Reduction of Impervious Cover 1. Reduce Roadway Lengths and Widths 2. Reduce Building Footprints 3. Reduce the Parking Footprint 4. Reduce Setbacks and Frontages 5. Use Fewer or Alternative Cul-de-Sacs City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 47 6. Create Parking Lot Stormwater "Islands" • Utilization of Natural Features for Stormwater Management 1. Use Buffers and Undisturbed Areas 2. Use Natural Drainageways Instead of Storm Sewers 3. Use Vegetated Swale Instead of Curb and Gutter 4. Drain Rooftop Runoff to Pervious Areas More detail on each site design practice is provided in the integrated Site Design Practice Summary Sheets in Section 2.2 of the Planning Technical Manual. 3.5.2.2 Integration of Site Design Practices into Site Development Process During the site planning process described in Section 2.3, Step 1, there are several steps involved in site layout and design, each more clearly defining the location and function of the various components of the stormwater management system. To be more effective and easier to incorporate, integrated Site Design Practices shall be part of this overall Development process as outlined in Table 3.6. Table 3.6 Integration of Site Design Practices with Site Development Process Site Development Phase Site Design Practice Activity • Identify and delineate natural feature conservation areas (natural areas and stream buffers) Site Analysis • Perform site reconnaissance to identify potential areas for and types of credits • Determine stormwater management requirements • Preserve natural areas and stream buffers during site layout • Reduce impervious surface area through various techniques Conceptual Plan Identify locations for use of vegetated channels and groundwater recharge • Look for areas to disconnect impervious surfaces • Document the use of site design practices • Perform layout and design of credit areas — integrating them into treatment trains Preliminary and Final Plan Ensure integrated Focus Areas are satisfied • Ensure appropriate documentation of site design credits according to local requirements City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 48 Table 3.6 Integration of Site Design Practices with Site Development Process Site Development Phase Site Design Practice Activity • Ensure protection of key areas Ensure correct final construction of areas needed for credits Construction Inspect and maintain implementation of BMPs during construction • Develop maintenance requirements and documents Final Inspection • Ensure long term protection and maintenance • Ensure credit areas are identified on final plan and plat if applicable 3.5.3 Option 2: Treat the Water Quality Protection Volume Treat the Water Quality Protection Volume by reducing total suspended solids from the Development site for runoff resulting from rainfall of 1.5 inches (85th percentile storm). Stormwater runoff equal to the Water Quality Protection Volume generated from sites may be treated using a variety of on -site structural and nonstructural techniques with the goal of removing a target percentage of the average annual total suspended solids A system has been developed by which the Water Quality Protection Volume can be reduced, thus requiring less structural control. This is accomplished through the use of certain reduction methods, where affected areas are deducted from the site area, thereby reducing the amount of runoff to be treated. For more information on the Water Quality Volume Reduction Methods see Section 1.3 of the Water Quality Technical Manual. 3.5.3.1 Water Quality Protection Volume The Water Quality Protection Volume (WQv) is the runoff from the first 1.5 inches of rainfall. Thus, a stormwater management system designed for the WQv will treat the runoff from all storm events of 1.5 inches or less, as well as a portion of the runoff for all larger storm events. For methods to determine the WQv, see Section 1.3 of the Water Quality Technical Manual. Water Quality requirements are encouraged but not required by the City. Information is included for reference if the Developer chooses to pursue such alternatives. 3.5.3.2 Recommended Stormwater Control Practices Below is a list of recommended structural stormwater control practices. While these stormwater control practices are not mandatory in the City, they are highly recommended for sustainable Development. This information is provided for reference if the Developer chooses to pursue such an option. These structural controls are recommended for use in a wide variety of applications and have differing abilities to remove various kinds of pollutants. It may take more than one control to achieve a certain pollution reduction level. A detailed discussion of each of the controls, as well as design criteria and procedures, can be found in the Site Development Controls Technical Manual. Refer to Table 3.7 for details regarding primary and secondary controls. • Bioretention • Enhanced swales (dry, wet, wetland) • Alum treatment • Detention • Filter strips • Sand filters, filter boxes, etc. • Infiltration wells and trenches • Ponds • Porous surfaces • Proprietary systems • Green roofs • Rainwater harvesting • Wetlands • Submerged gravel City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 49 3.5.3.3 Using Other or New Structural Stormwater Controls Innovative technologies are encouraged and will be reviewed for applicability. Any such system will be required to provide sufficient documentation as to its effectiveness and reliability. Third party proof of performance, maintenance, application requirements, and limitations will be required prior to approval of innovative new technology. More specifically, new structural stormwater control designs will not be accepted until independent performance data shows that the structural control conforms to local and/or state criteria for treatment, conveyance, maintenance, and environmental impact. 3.5.3.4 Suitability of Stormwater Controls to Meet Stormwater Management Goals The stormwater control practices recommended in this manual vary in their applicability and ability to meet stormwater management goals: Primary Controls Primary structural stormwater controls have the ability to fully address ore or more of the steps in the integrated focus areas if designed appropriately. Structural controls are recommended for use with a wide variety of land uses and Development types. These structural controls have a demonstrated ability to effectively treat the Water Quality Volume (WQv) and have been shown to be able to remove 70% to 80% of the annual average total suspended solids (TSS) load in typical proposed urban runoff when designed, constructed, and maintained in accordance with recommended specifications. Several of these structural controls can also be designed to provide primary control for downstream streambank protection (SPv) and flood mitigation. These structural controls are recommended stormwater management facilities for a site wherever feasible and practical. Secondary Controls A number of structural controls are recommended only for limited use or for special site or design conditions. Generally, these practices either: (1) do not have the ability on their own to fully address one or more of the Steps in the integrated Focus Areas, (2) are intended to address hotspot or specific land use constraints or conditions, and/or (3) may have high or special maintenance requirements that may preclude their use. These types of structural controls are typically used for water quality treatment only. Some of these controls can be used as pretreatment measures or in series with other structural controls to meet pollutant removal goals. Such structural controls are not recommended for residential Developments. Table 3.7 summarizes the stormwater management suitability of the various stormwater controls in addressing the integrated Focus Areas. The Site Development Controls Technical Manual provides guidance on the use of stormwater controls as well as how to calculate the pollutant removal efficiency for stormwater controls in series. The Site Development Controls Technical Manual also provides guidance for choosing the appropriate stormwater control(s) for a site as well as the basic considerations and limitations on the use of a particular stormwater control. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 50 Table 3.7 Suitability of Stormwater Controls to Meet integrated Focus Areas Category integrated Stormwater Controls TSSI Sediment Removal` Rate Water Quality -Protection Streambank ' 'Protection On -Site Flood -Cohtrol Downstream . Flood Control, Bioretention Areas Bioretention Areas 80% P S S - Channels Enhanced Swales 80% P S S S Channels, Grass 50% S S P S Channels, Open - - - P S Chemical Treatment Alum Treatment System 90% P - - - Culverts - - - P P Conveyance System Components Energy Dissipation - - P S S Inlets/Street Gutters - - - P - Pipe Systems - - P P P Detention, Dry 65% S P P P Detention, Extended Dry 65% S P P P Detention Detention, Multi -purpose Areas - _ P P P Detention, Underground - - P P P Filter Strips 50% S - - - Organic Filters 80% P - - - Filtration Planter Boxes 80% P - - - Sand Filters, Surface/Perimeter 80% P S - - Sand Filters, Underground 80% P - - - Hydrodynamic Devices Gravity (Oil -Grit) Separator 40% S - - - Infiltration Downspout Drywell 80% P - - - Infiltration Trenches 80% P S - - Soakage Trenches 80% P S Wet Pond 80% P P P P Ponds Wet ED Pond 80% P P P P Micropool ED Pond 80% P P P P Multiple Ponds 80% P P P P Porous Surfaces Green Roof 85% P S - - Modular Porous Paver Systems z S S - - Porous Concrete 2 S S - - Proprietary Systems Proprietary Systems' I SIP S S S Re -Use Rain Barrels - P - - - Wetlands, Stormwater 80% P P P P Wetlands Wetlands, Submerged Grave! 80% P P S - City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 51 P = Primary Control: Able to meet design criterion if properly designed, constructed and maintained. S = Secondary Control: May partially meet design criteria. Designated as a Secondary control due to considerations such as maintenance concerns. For Water Quality Protection, recommended for limited use in accepted community -designated areas. = Not typically used or able to meet design criterion. = The application and performance of proprietary commercial devices and systems must be provided by the manufacturer and should be verified by independent third -party sources and data, if used as a primary control. Third -party sources could include Technology Acceptance Reciprocity Partnership, Technology Assessment Protocol — Ecology, or others. 2 = Porous surfaces provide water quality benefits by reducing the effective impervious area. 3.5.4 Option 3: Assist with Off -Site Pollution Prevention Programs and Activities The City does not currently require off -site pollution prevention activities; however, some communities have implemented pollution prevention programs/activities in certain areas to remove pollutants from the runoff after it has been discharged from the site. This may be especially true in intensely urbanized areas facing site Redevelopment where many of the BMP criteria would be difficult to apply. 3.6 Streambank Protection The second focus area is in Streambank protection. There are three options by which a Developer can provide adequate streambank protection downstream of a proposed Development. The first step is to perform the required downstream assessment as described in Table 3.1, Table 3.2 and Section 3.7.3. If it is determined that the proposed project does not exceed acceptable downstream velocities or the downstream conditions are improved to adequately handle the increased velocity through the limits of the Zone of Influence, then no additional streambank protection is required. If on -site or downstream improvements are required for streambank protection, easements will need to be obtained in accordance with Section 3.11. If the downstream assessment shows that the velocities are within acceptable limits, then no streambank protection is required. Acceptable limits for velocity control are contained in Table 3.16 and Table 3.17, 3.6.1.1 Option 1: Reinforce/Stabilize Downstream Conditions If the increased velocities are greater than the allowable velocity of the downstream receiving system, then the Developer must reinforce/stabilize the downstream conveyance system. The proposed modifications must be designed so that the downstream system is protected from the proposed velocities. The Developer must provide supporting calculations and/or documentation that the downstream velocities do not exceed the allowable range once the downstream modifications are installed. Allowable bank protection methods include stone riprap and bio-engineered methods. Section 3.8.4 of this manual and Sections 3.2 and 4.0 of the Hydraulics Technical Manual provide design requirements g for open channels, culvert outfall protection, riprap aprons for erosion protection at outfalls, and riprap basins for energy dissipation. 3.6.1.2 Option 2: Install Stormwater Controls to Maintain Existing Downstream Conditions The Developer may use on -site controls to keep downstream proposed discharges at or below allowable velocity limits. The Developer must provide supporting calculations and/or documentation that the on -site controls will be designed such that downstream velocities for the three storm events (Streambank Protection, Conveyance, and Flood Mitigation) are within an allowable range once the controls are installed. 3.6.1.3 Option 3: Control the Release of the 1-yr, 24-hour Storm Event Twenty-four hours of extended detention may be provided for on -site, post -developed runoff generated by the 1- year, 24-hour rainfall event to protect downstream channels. The required volume for extended detention is referred City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 52 to as the Streambank Protection Volume (denoted SPv). The reduction in the frequency and duration of bankfull flows through the controlled release provided by extended detention of the SPv will reduce the bank scour rate and severity. To determine the SPv refer to Section 3.0 of the Hydrology Technical Manual, A 10% stormwater fee credit is available as an incentive for using this option. See Appendix F for more information. 3.7 Flood Mitigation 3.7.1 Introduction Flood analysis is based on the design storm events as defined in Section 3.2, Table 3.3 for the conveyance storm and the flood mitigation storm. The intent of the flood mitigation criteria is to provide for public safety; to minimize on -site and downstream flood impacts from the three storm events; to maintain the boundaries of the mapped 100-year floodplain; and to protect the physical integrity of the on -site stormwater controls and the downstream stormwater and flood mitigation facilities. Flood mitigation must be provided for on -site conveyance systems, as well as downstream outfalls as described in the following sections. 3.7.2 Flood Mitigation Design Options There are four options by which a Developer may address downstream flood mitigation. These options closely follow the four options for Streambank Protection. When on -site or downstream modifications are required for downstream flood mitigation, easements will need to be obtained in accordance with Section 3.11. The Developer will provide all supporting calculations and/or documentation to show that the existing downstream conveyance system has capacity (Qf) to safely pass the fully developed flood mitigation storm discharge, including any increase due to the proposed Development, or demonstrate no adverse impact. Flood mitigation criteria are intended to protect public safety by ensuring minimal upstream, on -site and downstream flood impacts. Table 3.2 of this Criteria Manual provides four options for Flood Mitigation in the City. - Option 1 — Confirm Adequate Downstream Conveyance Systems (Adverse Impact Assessment) Option 2 — Provide On -Site Stormwater Controls (Detention) Option 3 — Mimic Existing On -Site Runoff Conditions (Low Impact Design) Option 4 — Obtain letter from impacted downstream property owner (limited to impacts of private runoff on one single adjacent property). 3.7.2.1 Option 1 - Provide Adequate Downstream Conveyance Systems Provide calculations for analysis of the downstream conveyance system to confirm adequate capacity is available to convey the increased runoff, due to Development, within a drainage structure, easement, or right-of-way. This Adverse Impact Assessment can include any available existing conveyances systems (existing drainage pipes, channels, natural creeks and streams, easements or right-of-ways specified for drainage use). If the existing drainage systems do not have capacity to convey the increased runoff from the Development, additional stormwater controls will be necessary to safely discharge runoff without: 1. Causing new or increased flooding upstream of the Development 2. Causing new or increased flooding on the Development site 3. Causing new or increased flooding downstream of the Development The Developer may provide additional conveyance by providing and/or modifying the off -site, downstream conveyance system through construction of additional drainage capacity or acquisition of drainage easements to contain impacts. The design and analysis of such systems will be required to show that the proposed systems safely City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 53 convey the required design storm events. Systems are required to be analyzed to an Adequate Outfall, (i.e. a Adverse Impact Assessment is required) as defined in Table 3.1 and Section 3.7.3. If the Adverse Impact Assessment shows that all above runoff conditions have been met as defined in Table 3.1 and Section 3.7.3 of this manual, no on -site drainage controls are required to mitigate for increased runoff from the site due to the proposed Development. Simplified Finding of No Significant Impact For small infill Developments that meet specific criteria below, the Adverse Impact Assessment shall not be required. Requirements: 1. The proposed Development is less than 5 acres of disturbed land; 2. The site developed drains directly to an existing public roadway, not an alley, and does not redirect drainage area from one street or watershed to another; 3. The receiving roadway has a longitudinal slope of at least 1%; 4. The site area is less than 10% of the existing offsite area drainage to the same receiving roadway; 5. The existing offsite area (excluding the site to be developed) has a rational C value of at least 0.6; 6. The ROW drainage capacity is not already exceeded in the flood mitigation storm event; and 7. The Development is not subject to existing flooding conditions, or overland flow generated from a 100-yr storm, and would not result in diversion or impoundment of existing offsite runoff. Submittal of calculations to confirm these conditions will be required with the Drainage Study submission. Once reviewed and accepted by the City SIDS, the site Development can be considered as having no significant impact and no mitigation is required. 3.7.2.2 Option 2 - Provide On -Site Stormwater Controls (Detention) In the event that downstream conveyance systems, including receiving streams, do not have sufficient capacity, on -site stormwater controls may be proposed to mitigate the impact of increased discharges from the site to a level that meets the requirements of Table 3.1 and Section 3.7.3. An Adverse Impact Assessment is not required for Developments that meet all three of the following conditions: 1. Sites proposing detention when the total site disturbance is less than 5.0 acres. 2. Detention facilities are designed to detain to pre -development peak discharge. 3. Proposing a stormwater detention facility with a contributing drainage area of less than 25 acres at detention outfall; In cases where detention is proposed which will not require a Adverse Impact Assessment, detention volume must completely mitigate the increase in discharge due to the proposed Development. In all other cases, Adverse Impact Assessment shall conform to this Manual and the iSWM Hydrology Technical Manual. Note that pre -development conditions onsite and offsite shall be the existing watershed condition, not fully developed conditions. 3.7.2.3 Option 3 -- Mimic Existing On -Site Runoff Conditions A Adverse Impact Assessment is not required. This option only requires that on -site improvements are provided to maintain/mimic existing runoff conditions. This option requires reduced percent imperviousness using integrated Site Design practices to mimic the existing runoff conditions (discharge, velocity, and concentration). No Adverse Impact Assessment is required in this option, however, a Adverse Impact Assessment may reduce the amount of on -site detention required. Calculations shall be submitted to substantiate the proposed discharges. Stormwater controls for this option include the various types of structural and non-structural controls as described in this manual (Chapter 3) and listed below. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 54 1. Stormwater Facilities 2. Integrated Site Design Practices 3. Regional Approaches 4. Erosion Control BMPs 3.7.2.4 Option 4 — Obtain Letter From Impacted Downstream Property Owner When downstream impacts are limited to a single adjacent property and consist of only private Stormwater contributions, the Developer may obtain a notarized letter of permission from the affected property owner acknowledging the specific and quantified impacts in lieu of mitigation. This option is not available for situations where public runoff or public infrastructure is or would be involved. For situations involving public runoff or future public runoff, easements would need to be acquired by the Developer. Easements would need to be sized per this Manual. 3.7.3 Acceptable Downstream Conditions As part of the Drainage Study, the downstream impacts of Development must be carefully evaluated for the two focus areas of Streambank Protection and Flood Mitigation. The purpose of the Adverse Impact Assessment is to protect downstream (and upstream) properties from increased flooding and downstream channels from increased erosion potential due to upstream Development. The importance of the Adverse Impact Assessment is particularly evident for larger sites or Developments that have the potential to dramatically impact downstream areas. The cumulative effect of smaller sites, however, can be just as dramatic and, as such, following the integrated Focus Areas is just as important for the smaller sites as it is for the larger sites. The assessment, defined by the Development engineer, shall extend from the outfall of a proposed Development to a point downstream where the discharge from a proposed Development no longer has a significant impact, as defined in Table 3.1, on the receiving stream or storm drainage system. The City shall be consulted to obtain studies, records and maps related to the National Flood Insurance Program and the availability of Flood Insurance Studies and Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRMs) which may be helpful in this assessment. The assessment of upstream and downstream impacts shall be a part of the Drainage Study for all Development that are platting one acre or cause one (1) acre or more land disturbance. Items to be included in the Drainage Study can be found in the Drainage Study Checklist. • Detailed Drainage Study and calculations for existing, proposed, and fully developed conditions (include digital submittal of hydrologic and hydraulic models, if utilized) • Pre- and post -project conditions drainage area maps. Drainage area maps shall be of same scale and limits for both pre- and post -project conditions. Drainage area maps must clearly delineate all contributing areas draining to or through the entire site. Drainage area maps shall have topographic contour intervals no greater than two (2) feet, and show flow paths for each area. • Discharges at critical downstream design points, including structures, ROW, inlets, storm drains, culverts, swales, channels, creeks, floodplains, and at locations where the conveyance cross section or slope change. • Separate analysis for each outfall from the proposed Development Delineation of the Zone of Influence and determination of Adequate Outfall s. • Final hydrology and hydraulics with all calculations and models, required mitigation and final stormwater controls identified with sizes with the structural details and specifications. • Written narrative supporting methodology and conclusions of analysis. Include a description of how the items discussed in the Pre -Submittal meeting were addressed. • Analysis must confirm that conditions regarding an acceptable outfall, as defined in Table 3.1, are met at each outfall location. • Adequate Outfali shall be a public drainage system, or a creek (flow line) draining more than ten times the Development area. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 55 • Discharging runoff from Development to residential properties downstream of the development is not allowed. Downstream public drainage facilities shall be designed and constructed to provide an Adequate Outfall if none exist. • Provide a summary of results confirming compliance. Include Land Use maps and Soil Type maps (unit hydrograph method). Section 2.0 of the Hydrology Technical Manual provides additional information on calculating the discharges and velocities, as well as determining the extent of the Adverse Impact Assessment. Provide applicable and relevant record drawings to support analysis assumptions. • Adverse Impact Assessment shall extend to the limit of the Zone of Influence. • Provide hydrologic and hydraulic work maps to document and illustrate the analysis and relevant information. This shall include model cross sections with stationing that match the HEC-RAS model, pre/post outfall and junction flows, stations, inundation limits for existing, proposed and ultimate conditions, a legend, a scale, and 1 ft contours. • If modelling includes reservoirs or stormwater detention facilities, then stage -storage discharge tables and assumed outlet control structure dimensions must be included. 3.8 Stormwater Conveyance Systems 3.8.1 Introduction Stormwater system design is an integral component of both site and overall stormwater management design. Good drainage design must strive to maintain compatibility and minimize interference with existing drainage patterns; control flooding of property, structures, and roadways for design flood events; and minimize potential environmental impacts on stormwater runoff. Stormwater collection systems must be designed to provide adequate surface drainage while at the same time meeting other stormwater management goals such as water quality, streambank protection, habitat protection, and flood mitigation. 3.8.1.1 Design Unless regional detention is in place with a recorded SWFMA, or a master plan has been completed which indicates a plan for reduced discharges which shall be constructed within 12 months of the Development beginning construction; fully developed watershed conditions shall be used for determining runoff for the conveyance storm and the flood mitigation storm. Only those drainage facilities with criteria described by this manual, and its reference manuals, are allowed. 3.8.2 Subdivision Drainage Site Grading An engineered overall site grading plan shall be submitted with the subdivision's paving and drainage plans. The plan shall be consistent with the drainage area map included in the Drainage Study and Construction Plans. The plan shall include flow arrows and Type A, 8, or C drainage for each lot within the subdivision as described in Federal Housing Administration (FHA) Land Planning Bulletin No. 3, as amended (see Appendix E). Type 1 or 2 block grading as shown in the FHA information is preferred. Type 1 or Type 2 is required for lots proposing a rear lot wall adjacent to a right of way or HOA draining to a right of way. Type 3 and block 4 grading is allowed only if: a swale, flume or channel is constructed at the rear of the lot to intercept runoff; and runoff from 3 or more lots is collected and conveyed within an underground drainage system, swale, flume or channel contained within a dedicated easement. The engineer may utilize berms and swales to redirect flows. Grass swales shall have a minimum slope of 2% except where contained within a drainage easement, in which case a 1 % minimum slope is allowed. The engineer shall provide more detailed information in addition to the lot grading type (A, B, or C) by indicating spot elevations City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 56 on each lot. For Type B lots, side -yard swales shall extend from 5 ft (minimum) behind the rear building line to the street, in order to collect runoff from the roof. Roof drains, if used along the rear building line of these lots, shall use splash blocks to direct the runoff into the side swales. The finished floor elevation and surrounding grading must conform to current building codes adopted by the City and provide a minimum height of the finished floor of twelve (12) inches above the surrounding ground. Areas within 10' of the foundation shall be sloped to drain away from the foundation. Minimum slopes of 2% for structural improvements and 5% for non-structural elements, respectively, must be maintained away from the footing. See Figure 3.3. If the site is complex and an overall site grading plan cannot be developed in accordance with the HUD standards, an individual grading plan for each lot shall be submitted by an engineer prior to issuing the Building Permit. The individual grading plans shall be coordinated with surrounding lots. For these complex plans, an "as -built" letter shall be submitted prior to final inspection. Subdivision phasing, design and construction shall be executed in such a way that downstream existing or occupied SFR lots (e.g. Type A) do not receive runoff from upstream lots under construction (e.g. Type C). Where subdivision boundaries or phase boundaries bisect a block, only block grading Type 1 and 2 shall be used. The requirement to provide rear lot drainage facility for block grading type 3 is not required when all of the following conditions are adhered to: 1. The swale shall be continuous and upstream side yard swales shall align (offset shall not exceed 1 foot) with downstream side yard swales (this requires alignment of lot lines); 2. The swale extending between rear building lines does not exceed 5% slope and retaining walls are not proposed; 3. The swale cross section shall minimize erosion potential; 4. The design shall include safeguards that ensure runoff is not lost to neighboring side lots and runoff is directed to the rear swale as intended. For example more pronounced high points (6 inches minimum); 5. The swale through the backyard shall not be less than 3 inches in depth; 6. The vertical distance between the side yard swale flowline and finished floor elevation shall be no less than 9 inches at the upstream end of the swale on the upstream (type C) lot. Everywhere else, including on the downstream lot (type A), the finished floor elevation shall have a minimum freeboard above the swale flow line of 12 inches; and 7. The design engineer shall provide standard swale details for each subdivision at a cross section that represents a worst case scenario for flow depth. Four (4) inches of topsoil shall be provided for all disturbed areas not protected by impervious cover, in order to sustain vegetation after construction has been completed. s' I: al KiG�,T Cr PLCOR APO ADJAC NT G:70 r L004 ELEVATION ,.T,$. Figure 3.3 Grading Requirements Next to Building Foundation City of For: Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 57 3.8.3 Hydraulic Design Criteria for Streets and Closed Conduits 3.8.3.1 Introduction This section is intended to provide criteria and guidance for the design of on -site flood mitigation system components including: • Street and roadway gutters • Stormwater inlets • Parking lot sheet flow • Storm drain pipe systems 3.8.3.2 Streets and Stormwater Inlets Design Frequency • Streets and roadway gutters: conveyance storm event • Low points: flood mitigation storm event • Inlets on -grade: conveyance storm event • Combined Street ROW and storm drain • Parking lots: conveyance storm event pipe systems: flood mitigation storm event • Storm drain pipe systems: conveyance storm event • Drainage and floodplain easements: and flood mitigation storm event. flood mitigation storm event Design Criteria The iSWM Inlet Design Methodology (iSWM Hydraulics Technical Manual) is adopted as part of this Manual and incorporated herein by reference. Under the City classification system, inlets have been classified into two major groups namely; Inlets in Sumps and Inlets on Grade with Gutter Depression. The only curb inlets that are allowed by the City are those in sumps and depressed inlets on grade. Grate inlets and combination inlets are not allowed. Figures presented in the following sections shall be used to document all closed conduit calculations even if calculations are performed on an acceptable computer program u. A "rooftop" section shall be used for concrete streets and a parabolic section for asphalt streets. Note that the nomograph in Figure 1.2 of the iSWM Hydraulics Technical Manual does not completely address cases where the crown elevation is lower than the top of curb elevation. For those cases a combination of Figure 1.2 and 1.3 in the iSWM Hydraulics Technical Manual can be used or a standard hydraulics program such as HEC-RAS or FlowMaster can be applied. The design storms required by the City are as follows: Storm Sewer System The design storm is the fully developed land use conditions for the flood mitigation storm for the combination of the closed conduit and surface drainage system, to the limits of ROW. Runoff from the fully developed conveyance storm must be contained within the permissible spread of water in the gutter. The flood mitigation storm flow must be contained within the ROW. Adequate inlet capacity shall be provided to intercept surface flows before the ROW capacity is exceeded. Note: the capacity of the underground system may be required to exceed the conveyance storm in order to satisfy the flood mitigation storm criteria. The 5-year closed conduit Hydraulic Grade Line (HGL) must be equal to or below the gutter line for pipe systems and one (1) foot or more below the curb line at inlets. For sump conditions without an existing structural overflow, the 100-year HGL must be one (1) foot below the curb at the inlet. For situations where no ROW exists, the 100- year HGL must be below finished ground. The 100-year HGL will be tracked carefully throughout the system and described in the hydraulic calculations tables provided herein and on the construction drawings. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 58 Inlets in Sumps Curb opening inlets in sumps (Type CO-S) are addressed in Section 1.2.7 of the Hydraulics Technical Manual. Drop inlets in sumps (Y Inlet) are addressed in Section 1.2.9 of the Hydraulics Technical Manual. In sag or sump conditions, the storm drain and sump inlets shall be sized to intercept and convey a minimum of the 25-year storm and a positive structural overflow is required to provide for the remainder of the flood mitigation storm. The positive overflow structure must be concrete or other acceptable non -earthen structure with a minimum bottom width of four (4) feet extending from the sump inlet to the storm sewer outfall. It must be designed to pass at least 20 cfs with one (1) foot of freeboard from the top of curb to the adjacent finish floor elevations (minimum finish floor elevations for all lots adjacent to said overflows must be shown on the plat). All flumes that pass through sidewalks shall have a bolted -down, rust -proof, 3/8-inch (min.) steel plate with a pedestrian -rated walking surface. The plate shall be recessed into the concrete sidewalk from face of curb to the property line. The plate must be secured to the concrete with bolts and flush with the top of sidewalk. A center support shall be added if the width of the flume exceeds two (2) feet. For wider flumes, additional supports shall be added so that no span exceeds two (2) feet. Structural overflow for inlets in sumps, shall be a concrete flume. Fences must be kept behind the curb line of the flume and the flume placed in a drainage easement on a HOA lot. Where a structural overflow is not feasible, a waiver must be requested. If no structural overflow is constructed, the sump inlets must be designed with a 50% clogging factor (assume 50% of inlet opening is clogged). In a cul-de-sac where no structural overflow is feasible, additional on -grade inlet capacity may be provided upstream of the sump in lieu of additional sump inlets. An explanation of the Inlets in Sumps Calculation Sheet is included in is included in the following sections. The calculations shall be included in construction plans and be consistent with Figure 3.5. Inlets on Grade with Gutter Depression (Type CO-D, Figure 3.6) The hydraulic efficiency of storm -water inlets varies with gutter flow, street grade, street crown, and with the geometry of the inlet depression. The design flow into any inlet can be greatly increased if a small amount (5% to 10%) of gutter flow is allowed to flow past the inlet. When designing inlets, prevention of clogging or from interference with traffic often takes precedence over hydraulic considerations. The computation sheet for Type CO- D Inlet in Table 3.7 shall be used for calculations and included in the construction plans. The depression of the gutter at a curb opening inlet (See Figure 3.6) below the normal level of the gutter increases the cross -flow towards the opening, thereby increasing the inlet capacity. Also, the downstream transition out of the depression causes backwater which further increases the amount of water captured. Depressed inlets shall be used on all public streets and alleys. Recessed depressed inlets shall be used on all arterials. The capacity of a depressed curb inlet on grade will be based on the methodology presented in Section 1.2.7 of the iSWM Hydraulics Technical Manual. Drop Inlets (Area Drains) 1. Drop inlets serving a drainage area of 10 to 25 acres will be designed with a 50% clogging factor. 2. Grading plans to direct flow into drop inlets will be included in the construction plans. Where earthen swales or other means of collecting and directing runoff into drop inlets are needed, they shall be contained in appropriately sized drainage easements. 3. Consideration shall be given to a structural overflow in the same manner as described for sump inlets. 4. Drop inlets shall be contained and centered in a 20 ft x 20 ft easement and located where they can be easily accessed for inspection and maintenance by the City. Headwalls 1, A headwall will be used to collect a drainage area of twenty-five (25 ac) acres or more flowing to one spot. 2. Areas that have been channelized or discharged from a storm drain system will use a headwall to reintroduce the flow to a new storm drain system. These provisions do not apply to special multi -stage outlet structures draining detention facilities. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 59 3.8.3.3 Stormwater Inlets Computation Sheets Explanation of the Inlets in Sumps Computation Sheet (Type CO-S), Figure 3.4 In order to facilitate the computations required in determining the various hydraulic properties for curb opening inlets and Y Inlets (drop inlets) in sumps, the Computation Sheet for Curb Opening and Drop Inlets shown in Figure 3.5 See Figure 3.4 for an illustration of a curb opening inlet. Table Column Description: Column 1 Inlet number and designation. Column 2 Slope of gutter in ft. per ft. Column 3 Crown slope of pavement in ft. per ft. For parabolic crowns enter type of street section. Column 4 Total gutter flow in cfs. For inlets other than the first inlet in a system, gutter flow is the sum of runoff from contributing area plus carry-over flow from inlet or inlets upstream. Column 5 Depth of gutter flow in feet from the spread of water calculations in Figure 1.2 (iSWM Hydraulics Technical Manual), Section 1.2.4 orfrom direct solution of Manning's equation for triangular gutters. Column 6 Depth of gutter depression in ft. (0.33 ft for a standard recessed curb inlet) Column 7 Depth of water at inlet opening in ft. Column 5 plus Column 6. Column 8 Capacity of curb opening inlet or drop inlet in cfs per ft. of length of opening or perimeter around inlet from Figures 1.10, 1.12 or 1.14 in the iSWM Hydraulics Technical Manual or by direct solution. Column 9 Assumed length of inlet opening or perimeter in feet. Column 10 Capacity of inlet in cfs. Column 8 times Column 9. Column 11 Carry -Over flow passing inlet (into overflow swale) in cfs. Column 4 minus Column 10. Column 12 Percent of flow captured by inlet. Column 10 divided by Column 4 times 100. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 60 wi OF CURS GUTTER LINE - - - - - e- - - - - - - - =1= . 4. -- a - ---- SECTION C-C 3'-0 CURB OPENING INLET IN SUMP (TYPE CO-S) Figure 3.4 Type CO-S Inlet 9--0.416 t'. . STD, SECTION A -A _ G6 - Ya SECTION B-B City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 61 SUMMARY SHEET COMPUTATION CAPACTIY OF a „�,•, ,woo FOR DETERMINING DROP INLETS IN S�J/M t dd Z�rnr c+r� CURB OPENING INLET AND abed av�d� ». W.` e n.w 10rry Tan1 lily id GIMN'O^ eti iehl trill pnYrgr�m miriH141 dF"r°►n pop n. full hilP 6yQ,1a�r far7rK►n' lkW Mh1 Itts> 11 IkA1 . _ fesleeAM I/f1� w. iairl �� _ r6 11 T7 Include gyear depth of tlow and spread a! Ilow !or Inlets located along [t) lh cakulailon9 i! carrya+of into oyertlox. t2) include 25year flux and dep City a For, Worth Storrnwater Criteria Manual or Figure 3.5 Computation Sheet for Curb Opening and prop Inlets 62 Explanation of the Inlets On Grade with Gutter Depression (Type CO-D, Figure 3.6) Computation Sheet In order to facilitate the computations required in determining the various hydraulic properties for Curb Opening Inlets Type CO-D on grade (depressed), Figure 3.7, the Computation Sheet for On Grade Curb Inlets has been prepared. Table Column Description: Column 1 Design Point for Inlet Column 2 Inlet number(s) Column 3 Location of inlet by storm drain station number Column 4 Drainage area designation for incremental area Column 5 Drainage area size (acres) Column 6 Runoff coefficient "C" provided in Table 3.5 located in Section 3.4.1 under "Types of Hydrologic Methods" Column 7 Time of concentration (minutes) Column 8 Longitudinal slope (ft/ft) Column 9 Cross slope of the pavement (ft/ft) Column 10 Cross slope of the gutter measured from the cross slope of the pavements. The cross slope is equal to the gutter depression (in) divided by the width of the depressed gutter (in) Column 11 Depth of gutter flow "yo" in approach gutter from spread of water determinations in the iSWM Hydraulics Technical Manual, Figure 1.3, or from direct solution of Manning's equation for triangular gutters: yo = 1.245 Qo3/8 (n3/8/So3/16) (1/z)3/8. When the crown is overtopped, a composite analysis will be required. Column 12 Spread of flow is calculated using Figure 1.2 in the iSWM Hydraulics Technical Manual or from direct solution of Manning's Equation Column 13 Equivalent cross slope is computed by using Figure 1.3 and 1.4 in the iSWM Hydraulics Technical Manual to determine the ratio of flow in the depressed gutter section to the total flow Column 14 Street crown section type (straight crown ["rooftop"] or parabolic) Column 15 Manning's roughness coefficient (n) for pavement values located in Section 1.2.4 of the iSWM Hydrologic Technical Manual Table 1.2 Column 16 5-year rainfall intensity (in/hr), From Section 5.0 in the iSWM Hydrology Technical Manual Tarrant County Rainfall Table Column 17 5-year runoff, Q=CAi (cfs) Column 18 5-year carryover flow from upstream inlet (cfs) Column 19 5-year total gutter flow (Column 17 + Column 18) (cfs) Column 20 100-year rainfall intensity (in/hr), from Section 5.0 in the iSWM Hydrology Technical Manual Tarrant County Rainfall Table Column 21 100-year runoff, Q =CAi (cfs) Column 22 100-year carryover flow from upstream inlet (cfs) Column 23 100-year total gutter flow (Column 20 + Column 21) (cfs) Column 24 Total right-of-way capacity (normally 2.5" over top of curb) (cfs) Column 25 This indicates the controlling storm for inlet spacing, depending on which criteria (5-year in street or 100-year in ROW) may be exceeded. This indicates whether the inlet is sized for the 5-year or 100-year flows City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 63 Column 26 Length required for total interception of the design storm determination in Figure 1.8 of the iSWM Hydraulics Technical Manual or by direct solution of Manning's Equation. Please note that the example in Figure 1.8 does not consider inlet depression (slope). Column 27 Actual length (L) in feet of the inlet which is to be provided (10', 15', or 20') Column 28 Ratio of the length of inlet provided (L) to the length of the inlet required for 100% interception (LT). Column 26 divided by Column 29 Column 29 The efficiency of the provided inlet determined by Figure 1.9 in the iSWM Hydraulics Technical Manual. Column 30 Discharge (Qi) in cubic feet per second in which the inlet in question actually intercepts in the design storm. Column 19 or23 multiplied by Column 27 Column 31 Carry-over flow (q) is the amount of water which passes the inlet in a conveyance storm. A substantial portion of the 5-year flow shall be picked up by the inlet. The carry-over flow shall be accounted for in further downstream inlets. Column 32 Carry-over flow (q) is the amount of water which passes the inlet in a flood mitigation storm. The carry-over flow shall be accounted for in further downstream inlets and shall be reflected in the inlet bypass flow (Column 17) in the Storm Drain Hydraulics Table, Figure 3.10 (minor variances may occur due to travel time routing in the Hydraulics Table). Column 33 Label of the upstream inlet from where the bypass flow originated. Column 34 Include notes. PLAN a PROJECTED GUTTER LINE M! kE�l. r. UPSTREAM SECTION B-B DOWIIlS1REAM SECTION A -A Y• SEc,,, ON C-C INLETS ON GRADE WITH GUTTER DEPRESSION (TYPE CO-D) Figure 3.6 Type CO-D Inlet City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 64 lenwevi ePel�� Jele��o�S �oM�°� 10 ��� 59 3.8.3.4 Streets and ROW Depth in the street shall not exceed top of curb or exceed maximum spread of water limits for the fully developed conveyance storm. Limiting the spread of water allows one or more lanes to remain dry during the conveyance storm and helps prevent hydroplaning of vehicles. The fully developed flood mitigation storm shall be contained within the right-of-ways or easements. Parking Lots Parking lots shall be designed for the conveyance storm not to exceed top of curb, with maximum ponding at low points of one (1) foot. The flood mitigation storm shall be contained on -site or within dedicated easements. Spread of Water Limits Inlets shall be placed at intersections, low points of grade (sag), and spaced so that the spread of water in the street for the conveyance storm shall not exceed the guidelines provided below. For all applications, the engineer/ Developer must use roadway sections as approved by the City. Road pavement sections shall not be altered, super elevated or warped at intersections to avoid a sag condition. Sag conditions at intersections (including minor/residential streets) shall be drained using an inlet. If a roadway or thoroughfare is identified on a Master Thoroughfare Plan (MTP) then the following thoroughfare spread width criteria shall apply. The following spread of water values shall be used for the various types of streets. Thoroughfare (Divided) 1. Permissible Spread of Water -The permissible spread of water in gutters of major divided thoroughfares shall be limited so that one traffic lane on each side remains clear during the conveyance storm. Gutter flow shall be based on maximum storm duration of 15 minutes. The flood mitigation storm shall be contained within the ROW. 2. Conditions - Inlets shall be located at street intersections, at low points of grade, and where the gutter flow exceeds the permissible spread of water criteria. Inlets shall be located, when possible, on side streets when grades permit. In no cases shall the gutter depression at inlets exceed the standard. In super -elevated sections, inlets placed against the center medians shall have no gutter depression. Inlets shall be placed to intercept flow before it can cross the street. Thoroughfares (Not Divided) 1. Permissible Spread of Water - The permissible spread of water in gutters of major undivided thoroughfares shall be limited so that one traffic lane in each direction will remain clear during the conveyance storm. 2. Conditions - Inlets shall be located at street intersections, low points of grades, and where the gutter flow exceeds the permissible spread of water criteria. Inlets shall be located on the side streets. In no case shall the gutter depression at inlets exceed the standard. 3. Super -elevated Sections - Intercept gutter flow at the point of zero crossfall to prevent flow from crossing the thoroughfare. Stormwater will not be allowed to cross major thoroughfares on the surface in valley gutters or otherwise. Collector Streets 1. Permissible Spread of Water - The permissible spread of water in gutters of collector streets shall be limited so that one standard lane of traffic will remain clear during the conveyance storm. 1. Conditions - Inlets shall preferably be located at street intersections, low points of grade, and where the gutter flow exceeds the permissible spread of water criteria. Inlets shall be located, when at all possible, on the side streets when grade permits. In no case shall the gutter depression at inlets exceed the standard Minor Streets (Residential) City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 66 1. Permissible Spread of Water -The permissible spread of water in gutters for minor streets shall be limited by the height of the curb for the conveyance storm. The flood mitigation storm shall be contained within the R.O.W. 2. Conditions - Inlets shall be located at street intersections, low points of grade, and where the gutter flow exceeds the permissible spread of water criteria, In no case shall the gutter depression at inlets exceed the standard. Superelevation is not permitted on minor residential streets. 3.8.3.5 Storm Drain Pipe Design This Section replaces the Closed Conduit System sections 1.2.9, most of 1.2.10, and 1.2.11 of the iSWM Hydraulics Technical Manual. Storm Drain Outfalls located within section 1.2.10 (page HA-49) of the iSWM Hydraulics Technical Manual are adopted and incorporated by reference into this Manual. Although, use of Table 1.10 may be substituted by a detailed hydrologic and hydraulic study, it is the purpose of this Section of the manual to consider the significance of the hydraulic elements of storm drains and their appurtenances to the storm drainage system. This Section is generally excerpted from the 1967 City Design Criteria Manual. Design Criteria Design Frequency Flood Mitigation storm, less any gutter, roadway, ROW, and flume flows. Velocities and Grades All storm drains shall be free draining and have a positive slope. Adverse slopes are not allowed. Velocities in sewers are important because of the possibilities of excessive erosion on the storm drain inverts. Table 3.9 shows the maximum velocities for most storm drainage design. Supercritical flow in main lines shall not be allowed for the conveyance and flood mitigation design storms. Storm drains in partial flow shall provide partial flow depth and velocity calculations. The maximum hydraulic gradient shall not produce a velocity that exceeds 20 feet per second (fps). Table 3.9 shows the maximum velocities for most storm drainage design. Storm drains shall be designed to have a minimum mean velocity flowing full at 2.5 fps. A main is defined as any pipe connected to two or more inlets. Table 3.9 Velocity in Storm Drains i]escripton - ° ?Maximum Allowable Velocity Culverts (All types) 15 fps Storm Drains (Inlet laterals) 25 fps Storm Drains (Mains) 20 fps Storm drains shall operate with velocities of flow sufficient to prevent excessive deposits of solid materials, otherwise objectionable clogging may result. The controlling velocity is near the bottom of the conduit and considerably less than the mean velocity of the sewer. Storm drains shall be designed to have a minimum velocity of 2.5 fps. Table 3.10, Minimum Grades for Storm Drains, indicates the minimum grades for concrete pipe (n = 0.013), flowing at 2.5 fps. The maximum slope for a lateral shall be 30%. Table 3.10 Minimum Grades for Storm Drains !Pipe Size,(Inches) Coricrete'Pipe:(Slope•.ftlft):`% 21 0.0015 24 0.0013 City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 67 27 0.0011 30-96 0.0010 Materials Reinforced concrete pipe (RCP): Only RCP is allowed under pavement for public storm drains in the City. For pipe materials, other than RCP, only products on the Stormwater Approved Products List shall be used. Polypropylene (PP) pipe products on the Stormwater Approved Products List may be used (up to a diameter of 60 inches) are allowed under pavement for public storm drains. Profile -wall thermoplastic pipe (corrugated exterior with smooth interior), including High- Density Polyethylene (HDPE) pipe and Corrugated PVC (CPVC), may be used in the following specific situations: • Profile -wall thermoplastic pipe is permitted for use in driveway culverts (i.e. across roadside ditches). Minimum allowable size shall be fifteen (15) inch internal diameter. Driveway permits will be required from the TPW Street Management office. • Profile -wall thermoplastic pipe may be allowed for certain off -pavement applications (using Request for Waiver Form CFW-7). • A request for waiver (Form CFW-7) shall be required for profile wall HDPE pipe up to thirty-six (36) inch in diameter under publicly maintained concrete pavement in residential streets. No exceptions to this rule will be considered for installation of HDPEICPVC pipe under other publicly maintained street sections. • Profile -wall thermoplastic pipe used as storm drain shall be installed in accordance with the appropriate City Standard Detail, and with all manufacturer's specifications, and shall meet or exceed ASTM D- 2321, Standard Practice for Underground Installation of Thermoplastic Pipe for Sewers and Other Gravity -Flow Applications. Note that Class I aggregate (City Standard Construction Specification Documents -- Section 330510 (Old TPW Item 402.2) or NCTCOG Aggregate Grade 4) shall be required for pipe embedment. All contractors shall be trained and certified by the manufacturer prior to installing PPIHDPEICPVC pipe. A copy of the training certification and proof of insurance shall be provided to the City before any work shall commence. Roughness Coefficients In selecting roughness coefficients for concrete pipe, consideration will be given to the average conditions at the site during the useful life of the structure. Then' value of 0.015 for concrete pipe shall be used primarily in analyzing existing sewers where alignment is poor and joints have become rough. For example, concrete pipe is being designed at a location where it is considered suitable and there is reason to believe that the roughness would increase through erosion or corrosion of the interior surface, slight displacement of joints or entrance of foreign materials. A roughness coefficient will be selected which in the judgment of the designer, will represent the average condition. For the design of new public storm drain and culvert infrastructure, the "design n" value noted in Table 3.11 shall be applied. Calculations for new public concrete or polypropylene pipe shall use a Manning's n of 0.013 and new public concrete boxes shall use a Manning's n of 0.015. Table 3.11 Manning's Coefficients for Storm Drain Conduits type'ofStorm Drain s ' Manning's n Concrete and Polypropylene Pipe (Design n = 0.013) 0.012 — 0.015 Concrete Boxes (Design n = 0.015) 0.012 — 0.015 City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 68 Corrugated Metal Pipe (CMP), Pipe -Arch and Box (Annular or Helical Corrugations - see Table 1.8 in iSWM Hydraulics Technical Manual. 0.022-0.037" NOTE: CITY OF FORT WORTH DOES NOT ALLOW CMP FOR NEW CONSTRUCTION Profile Wall Thermoplastic High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) or Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC). (Design n = 0.013) 0.010-0.013 NOTE: Actual field values for conduits may vary depending on the effect of abrasion, corrosion, deflection, and joint Ic onditions. "Note: analysis of existing conditions may require a different value than the stated design coefficients. Manholes Manholes shall be located at intervals not to exceed 550 feet on mains and laterals. Manholes must be installed at the upstream end of a storm drain main line, and where a storm drain leaves the pavement, unless the outfall is within fifty (50) feet of the roadway and directly accessible via an obstacle free path and slopes less than 6%. Manholes shall be located at street intersections, sewer junctions, changes of grade and changes of alignment. When the storm drain is a concrete box instead of an RCP, four (4) foot diameter manhole risers may be installed instead of vaults to provide access. In all cases, steps or ranges shall be installed from the ground surface to the flowline of the pipe. Manholes shall not exceed 20 feet from rim elevation to flow line. Full or Part Full Flow in Storm Drains All storm drains shall be designed by the application of the Continuity Equation and Manning's Equation either through the appropriate charts or nomographs or by direct solutions of the equations as follows: Q = AV, and 1.486 z 1 Q = n A r3 $f, where A = Cross -sectional area of pipe or channel. V = Velocity of flow. n = Coefficient of roughness of pipe or channel. r = Hydraulic radius = AiP Sf = friction slope in feet per foot in pipe or channel. P = Wetted perimeter. The size of pipe required to transport a known -quantity of storm runoff is obtained by substituting known values in the formula. In practice, the formula is best utilized in the preparation of a pipe flow chart which interrelates values of runoff, velocity, slope, and pipe geometry. With two of these variables known or assumed, the other two are quickly obtained from the chart. A pipe flow nomograph for circular conduits flowing full graph is shown in iSWM Hydraulics Technical Manual Figure 1.17. Equations for flow in conduits with other cross -sections are available in the TxDOT Hydraulic Design Manual, dated October 2011, Chapter 6, and Section 2. For circular conduits flowing partially full, graphs are presented in iSWM Hydraulics Technical Manual Figure 1.19a. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 69 Hydraulic Gradient and Profile of Storm Drain In storm drain systems flowing full (or partially full as discussed above), all losses of energy through resistance with flow in pipes, by changes of momentum, or by interference with flow patterns at junctions, must be accounted for by accumulative head losses along the system from its initial upstream inlet to its outlet. The purpose of accurate determinations of head losses at junctions is to include these values in a progressive calculation of the hydraulic gradient along the storm drain system. In this way, it is possible to determine the water surface elevation which will exist at each structure. The rate of loss of energy through the storm drain system shall be represented by the hydraulic grade line, which measures the pressure head available at any given point within the system. The HGL shall be established for all storm drainage design in which the system operates under a head. The HGL is often controlled by the conditions of the sewer outfall; therefore, the elevation of the tailwater must be known. The hydraulic gradient is calculated upstream from the downstream end, taking into account all of the head losses that may occur along the line. The iSWM Hydraulics Technical Manual Table 1.10 provides a table of coincident design frequencies to assist with tailwater determination. The hydraulic gradient shall begin at the higher of the tailwater or depth of flow in the pipe at the downstream end. An alternative to the use of Table 1.10 is the performance of a detailed hydrologic and hydraulic study to determine coincident tailwater. All head losses shall be calculated if the storm drain system is in a subcritical flow regime whether the system is flowing partially full or surcharged. Hydraulic calculations shall reflect partially full pipe where flow conditions would not surcharge the pipe. Supercritical flow is not allowed in main lines for design flow rate. If the. system is in supercritical regime the section shall be marked "SUPERCRITICAL FLOW." The presence of supercritical regime shall be confirmed by analyzing from downstream as well as upstream. The friction head loss shall be determined by direct application of Manning's Equation or by appropriate nomographs or charts as discussed in the first paragraph of this Section. Minor losses due to turbulence at structures shall be determined by the procedure of last section of this chapter ("Minor Head Losses at Structures) or in the iSWM Hydraulics Technical Manual. All HGL calculations will be carried upstream to the inlet. The HGL shall in no case be above the surface of the ground or street gutter for the conveyance storm. Allowance of head must also be provided for future extensions of the storm drainage system. In all cases the maximum HGL must be twelve (12) inches below top of curb at any inlet for the conveyance storm. Minor Head Losses at Structures Detailed information on the calculation of minor head losses at structures is provided in the proceeding section. Figure 3.8 and Figure 3.9 provide details of minor losses for manholes, wye branches, and bends in the design of closed conduits. Minimum head loss used at any structure shall be 0.10 foot. Hydrologic Methodology with MWH 1nf6W6rks/SWMM Programs InfoWorks SD by MWH Soft and the Stormwater Management Model (SWMM) family of programs have been applied to several complex storm sewer systems in the City. These programs include several hydrologic subarea runoff procedures. In addition to the hydrologic methods described in Section 3.4.1, the City accepts the following procedures when applying these programs: • With case -by -case approval by TPW, the SWMM Method in which the flow is routed using a single linear reservoir, whose routing coefficient depends on surface roughness (Manning's n), surface area, ground slope and catchment width. • A version of the Unit Hydrograph Method in which a triangular unit hydrograph is developed using the time to peak (time of concentration times 0.6), total runoff time (time to peak times 2.67) and the peak of the unit hydrograph (2 divided by total runoff time). Refer to Appendix B, Stormwater computer models for more information. Minor Head Losses at Structures Calculations The following head losses at structures shall be determined for manholes, wye branches or bends in the design of closed conduits. See Figure 3.8 and Figure 3.9 for details of each case. Minimum head loss used at any structure shall be one -tenth (0.10) foot. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 70 Except as otherwise provided herein, the basic equation that shall be used, where there are both upstream and downstream velocity, is set forth below with the various conditions of the coefficient "Kj" shown in Table 3.12. Vi R29-) hj = r29! K1 Where: hj = Junction or structure head loss in feet. Vi = Velocity in upstream pipe in fps. Vz = Velocity in downstream pipe in fps. Kj = Junction or structure coefficient of loss. In the case where the manhole is at the very beginning of a line or the line is laid with bends or on a curve, the equation used shall be the following without any velocity of approach. VZ h1 = Kj Zg 60' Bend - 85%; 45' Bend - 70%; 22-112° Bend - 40% The values of the coefficient "Kj" for determining the loss of head due to obstructions in pipes are shown in Table 3.13 and the coefficients are used in the following equation to calculate the head loss at the obstruction: v2 H1 = K, 22 City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 71 Table 3.12 Junction or Structure Coefficient of Loss Case No. Reference Description of Condition' Coefficient Kj Figdre 1 3.8 Inlet on Main Line 0.50 II 3.8 Inlet on Main Line with Branch Lateral 0.25 III 3.8 Manhole on Main Line with 451 Branch lateral 0.50 IV 3.8 Manhole on Main Line with 901 Branch Lateral 0.25 V 3.8 Manhole on Main Line with no Branch 1.0 VI 3.9 451 Wye Connection or cut -in 0.75 VII 3.9 Inlet or Manhole at Beginning of Line 1.25 Conduit on Curves for 901 Vlll 3.9 Curve radius = diameter 0.50 Curve radius = 2 to 8 diam. 0.25 Curve radius = 8 to 20 diam. 0.10 Bends where radius is equal to diameter: 0.50 901 Bend 0.43 600 Bend 450 Bend 0.35 IX 3.9 22-112' Bend 0.20 Manhole on line with 600 Lateral 0.35 Manhole on line with 22111211 Lateral 0.75 • Where bends other than 90° are used, the 90* bend coefficient can be used with the following percentage factor applied: 60°- 85%, 45° -- 70%, 22.5° - 40% Table 3.13 Head Loss Coefficients Due to Obstructions A/Ao* Kj AIAo* Kj 1.05 0.10 3.0 15.0 1.1 0.21 4.0 27.3 1.2 0.50 5.0 42.0 1.4 1.16 6.0 57.0 1.6 2.40 7.0 72.5 1.8 4.00 8.0 88.0 2.0 5.55 9.0 104.0 2.2 7.05 10.0 121.0 2.5 9.70 A/Ao = Ratio of area of pipe to area of opening at obstruction. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 72 The values of the coefficient "K�" for determining the loss of head due to sudden enlargements and sudden contractions in pipes are shown in Table 3.14, and the coefficients shall be used with the following equation to calculate the head loss at the change in section: Hj = Kj zy , where, V = Velocity in smaller pipe Table 3.14 Head Loss Coefficients Due to Sudden Enlargements and Contractions D- i. Sudden Enlargements K, ' ',� °;S.Oden Contractions K, 1.2 0.10 0.08 1.4 0.23 0.18 1.6 0.35 0.25 1.8 0.44 0.33 2.0 0.52 0.36 2.5 0.65 0.40 3.0 0.72 0.42 4.0 0.80 0.44 5.0 0.84 0.45 10.0 0.89 0.46 0.91 0.47 D21D9 = Ratio of larger to smaller diameter City of Fort Worth 5tormwater Criteria Manual 73 NOTE: For Any Type of Inlet p (STREET) • CURB PLAN V�2 v; e CURB J 2 q r 2 A CUR8 GUTTER 43 CURB BUTTER gv� SECTION CASE INLET ON MAIN LINE L PLAN — 2 a25 Vi 2 ea•T.wrd h�� 2� -- p p 22ire iftrw hJ' s2 -a25Y1 o a SECTION CASE III MANHOLE ON MAINLINE WITH 450 BRANCH LATERAL — 03 V1 29 V �9 � a (STREE) CURB PLAN v 2 am v2 hT 3 — � 9 2g Q4 RB �CpEmfia C SECTION CASE 11 INLET ON MAIN LINE WITH BRANCH LATERAL PLAN SECTION CASE IV MANHOLE ON MAINLINE WITH OW BRANCH LATERAL MINOR HEAD LOSSES DUE TO TURBULENCE AT STRUCTURES Figure 3.8 Minor Head Losses at Structures (1 of 2) `2-- 02' %. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 74 �J (STREET) CURB Q2' V2 �O --------0 N --- I a2-Dw -s ! PLAN v2 a2sv ----�hr«��20 s g Q I 3 SECTION CASE V 450 WYE CONNECTION OR CUT IN CASE VII CONDUIT ON 90° CURVES NOTE: Head loss Bpplled at P.C. for "TV ofeurve. V`1 Radius=Dia.of Pipe hd=a5029 Z Radius = (2-8) DIa of Pipe h�- 025 2g 2 Radius - (8-20) Dta. of Pips hd- 0.10 IL 29 Radius = Greabr than 20 Di& of PiPa h a 0 ' When curves otherthan 80° are used, apply the fc llaw q factors to 90' curves. 80' curve 85% 45' curve7O% 02.V2 ---s 2 PLAN CURB Q CURB GUTTER OPENING 1.25 V,2 Q _2' V2 g� SECTION CASE VI INLET OR MANHOLE AT BEGINNING OF LINE or / �GN �ry s CASE VIII BENDS WHERE RADIUS IS EQUAL TO DIAMETER OF PIPE NOTE: Head lass applied at � ginmg of bend ST Bend bj-0.5�0 29 V 2 W Bend )=DA3 2 45• Bend hf 0.35 2Q V 2 22 IV Bend h j�.20 V2 MINOR HEAD LOSSES DUE TO TURBULENCE AT STRUCTURES Figure 3.9 Minor Head Losses at Structures (2 of 2) City of Fart Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 75 Storm Drain Design Examples All storm drains shall be designed by the application of the Manning Equation either directly or through appropriate charts or nomographs. In the preparation of hydraulic designs, a thorough investigation shall be made of all existing structures and their performance on the waterway in question. An example of using the method used in the manual for the design of a storm drainage system is outlined below and shown on Figure 3.10, Computations Sheet for Storm Drains. The design theory has been presented in the preceding chapters with their corresponding tables and graphs of information. Preliminary Design Considerations • Prepare a drainage map of the entire area to be drained by proposed improvements. The scale of the map shall not be less than 1 inch = 200 feet for project area although smaller scale maps for large offsite drainage areas may be used. A maximum contour interval of 2 feet shall be provided. • Prepare a layout of the proposed storm drainage system, locating all inlets, manholes, mains, laterals, ditches, culverts, etc. • Outline the drainage area for each inlet in accordance with present and future street Development. • Indicate on each drainage area the code identification number and the direction of surface runoff by small arrows. Provide a runoff table showing area, "C factor for each portion and composite "e", Tc, 15, Q5, 1100 and Q100. Provide zoning classifications or land use data. • Show all existing underground utilities. • Establish design rainfall frequency. • Establish minimum inlet time of concentration. • Establish the typical cross section of each street. • Establish permissible spread of water on all streets within the drainage area. Plot profile of existing natural ground along the center line of the proposed storm drain. • Extend downstream plan and profile beyond the end of the pipe to a point of acceptable outfall. The flowline or invert of proposed outlet shall be equal to or slightly higher (<1 foot) than receiving stream. Runoff Computations Storm drain hydraulics are shown on the computation sheet provided on Figure 3.10. The first 18 columns of the computation sheet cover the tabulation for runoff calculations: Table Column Description Column 1 Enter the downstream storm drain station number. Column 2 Enter the upstream storm drain station number. This is the design point. Design shall start at the farthest upstream point. Column 3 Enter the distance (in feet) between the storm drain stations. Column 4 Enter the designation of the drainage area(s) at the design point in Column 2 corresponding to the designations shown on the drainage area map. Column 5 Enter the area in acres for the drainage area identified in Column 4. Column 6 Enter the total drainage area in acres within the system corresponding to storm drain station shown in Column 2. Column 7 Enter the runoff coefficient "C for the drainage area shown in Column 5. Column 8 Multiply Column 5 by Column 7 for each area. Column 9 Determine the total "CA" for the drainage system corresponding to the inlet or manhole shown in Column 2. Column 10 Determine inlet time of concentration (See Section 1.2.4 iSWM Hydrology Technical Manual). Column 11 Determine flow time in the storm drain in minutes. The flow time is equal to the distance in Column 3 divided by 60 times the velocity of flow through the storm drain in ftlsec. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 76 Column 12 Total time of concentration in minutes. Column 10 plus Column 11. Note that time of concentration only changes at a downstream junction with another drainage area(s), It remains the same from an inlet or junction to the next inlet or junction picking up additional drainage areas. The junction of two paired inlets with each other is not a downstream junction. Column 13 The intensity of rainfall in inches per hour for the conveyance storm frequency from the appropriate county rainfall table in the iSWM Hydrology Technical Manual. Column 14 The intensity of rainfall in inches per hour for the flood mitigation storm frequency from the appropriate county rainfall table in the iSWM Hydrology Technical Manual. Column 15 The conveyance storm runoff in cfs. Column 9 times Column 13. Column 16 The flood mitigation storm runoff in cfs. Column 9 times Column 14. Column 17 The proposed inlet bypass during a flood mitigation storm. This shall correspond to the carry-over flow "q" in Column 31 of the On -Grade Inlet Capacity Calculations Table (minor variances may occur due to travel time routing in the Hydraulics Table). Column 18 Design Discharge for the storm drain system ("Qpipe") in cfs. This shall be the greater of a substantial portion of Q5 (Column 15) or Q100-Qbypass (Column 16 minus Column 17). Hydraulic Design After the computation of the quantity of storm runoff entering each inlet, the size and gradient of pipe required to carry the design storm are determined. Any number of computer programs are available to provide design assistance for pipe sizing to the engineer. However, storm drain hydraulics must be converted and reported in Figure 3.10, Computation Sheet for Storm Drains. The hydraulic grade line (HGL) must be calculated for all storm drain mains and laterals using appropriate head loss equations. In all cases, the storm drain HGL must remain below grade and must be at least one (1) foot below top of curb at any inlet for the conveyance storm. In partial flow conditions, the HGL represents the actual water surface within the pipe. Note that for partial flow conditions, the velocity of the flow shall be calculated based on actual area of flow, not the full flow area of the pipe or box. Although the table is presented from upstream to downstream, the calculations are normally performed from the outfall upstream to each inlet. Unless partial flow conditions exist, the beginning hydraulic gradient (Column 22 of the last downstream section) must begin at either the top of pipe or at the hydraulic gradient of the receiving stream at the coincident frequency provided in Table 1.10 of the Hydraulic Technical Manual, whichever is higher. It is also acceptable to perform a detailed hydrologic and hydraulic study of the watershed of the receiving stream to determine the connected outfall hydraulic gradient. Table Column Description Column 19 Enter the selected pipe size. Column 20 Enter the appropriate Manning's roughness coefficient "n" from Table 3.18 Column 21 Enter the required slope of the frictional gradient (hydraulic gradient) determined by Manning's equation. The pipe shall be designed on a grade such that the inside crown of the pipe coincides or is below the HGL when flowing full. In a partial flow condition, the friction slope is the slope of the water surface and shall follow the slope of the pipe. Column 22 This is the beginning hydraulic gradient of the line. It is equal to the Design HGL (Column 31) for the next downstream segment, or the beginning HGL of the system as described above. Column 23 This is the upstream HGL before the structure and is calculated as Column 22 plus the friction loss (Column 3 times Column 21). Column 24 Velocity of flow in incoming pipe (main line) at the junction, inlet or manhole at the design point identified in Column 2. Column 25 Velocity of flow in outgoing pipe (i.e. the pipe segment being analyzed) at junction, inlet or manhole at design point identified in Column 2. Column 26 Velocity head of the velocity in Column 24. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 77 Column 27 Velocity head of the velocity in Column 25. Column 28 Head loss coefficient "Kj", at junction, inlet or manhole at design point from Table 3.12, Table 3.13, or Table 3.14, or from Figure 3.8 and Figure 3.9. Column 29 Multiply Column 26 by Column 28. Column 30 Head Loss at Structure. At a junction or change in pipe size, this is Column 27 minus Column 29. At a bend or inlet, this is Column 27 times Column 28. In all cases this is 0.10' minimum. EXCEPTION. In a supercritical flow regime with partial flow conditions, head losses are not generated at upstream junctions. These may be designated as "SUPERCRITICAL PARTIAL FLOW" in the head loss calculations, but must be supported by Froude Number in the comments column. Any other proposed deviations from standard head loss calculations due to other unusual flow regimes must be accepted by TPW on a case -by- case basis. Column 31 Design HGL at the design point identified in Column 2. Column 23 plus Column 30. This is the beginning HGL (Column 22) for any upstream pipe discharging into that junction. Column 32 Invert elevation for the pipe being analyzed at the downstream storm drain station in Column 1. Column 33 Invert elevation for the pipe being analyzed at the design point (upstream storm drain station) in Column 2. Column 34 Top of curb elevation at the design point in Column 2. The above procedure is followed for each section of the storm drain. At the outfall, the hydraulic gradient of the line must be at the same elevation or above the gradient of the conduit or channel receiving the storm runoff discharge. See Sections 1.2.10 iSWM Hydraulics Technical Manual for guidance on outfall hydraulic gradients. In lieu of the guidance in the Sections 1.2.10 iSWM Hydraulics Technical Manual it is acceptable to perform a detailed hydrologic and hydraulic study of the watershed of the receiving stream to determine the connected outfall hydraulic gradient. With the hydraulic gradient established for a particular line, considerable latitude is available for the physical placement of the pipe flow line elevations. The inside top of the pipe must be on or below the hydraulic gradient, thus allowing the pipe to be lowered where necessary to maintain proper cover and to minimize grade conflicts with existing utilities. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 78 a2 , i E a _S Mel 2 �: I I 5 1 1,91�A 1 '921 1 R1m ��� �:H'�g Eg '�$ ao r � 3� I I P - fl-8i ti �xEl a .vvo9S 6 G G 6 G G rvFF6 d o4R o 0 o Roo xtv R o 0 0 0 0� O 6 1.1666 6 GO C 6 C6 J d1i 6 6 d SEE P66 ^ar3WS3O6 d otl0 P G G[]x,Ti .sm�RQ 1 cQ cq'm, ary v:i(, pR o; FM1 3SEES. .. SeooB$oCO G . C d G G O O O P OG G C! CO 00 OGC O 6 oGd6 0 a O S 6 O O S SSE o 0 O CO o P PQ S S 00 00 O M09S 00 � ear 8 W ry ry N N hhcAl F+ GG6m6 M mtiL MY n nn n rv8Yw�S$._ d P*101"of oocg�smmml WW* p� Wsm I aqmv.I I H�� h0H$HZeV ui 41 r... 000 m5i In a8SH ssH EEE asagggs 9aa '^'^ E^Lin�����i'��i'C�.6 ,ti0 ��q m 0 mi'Oi 6b.-.- rn q[[gh3 99R o R RW ~ q mW CtW nPcSF �1., mio in�r' m `� '�'m O O 6 6 ti orv�N `o�G ���!ao6O.60 0 0 o be nMmti'a222jj � mm�m� m m E $19 Fib ❑R — .S o$6 w ro�$��E.i�irvNd wa$�� ao ao avm mmw w B$qm u. n 3.8.4 Hydraulic Design Criteria for Channels, Culverts, Bridges and Detention Structures 3.8.4.1 Introduction This Section is intended to provide design criteria and guidance on several on -site flood mitigation system components, including,culverts, bridges, vegetated and lined open channels, storage design, outlet structures, and energy dissipation devices for outlet protection. 3.8.4.2 Open Channels Design Frequency The City requires that open channels are designed for the flood mitigation storm for fully developed watershed conditions. Channels may be designed with multiple stages (e.g., a "low -flow" or "pilot" channel section for common recurring flows, and a high flow section that contains the design discharge). The "low- flow" or "pilot" channel shall convey 2% of the design flood mitigation storm discharge. General Criteria • If relocation of a stream channel is unavoidable, the cross -sectional shape, meander, pattern, roughness, sediment transport, and slope shall conform to the existing conditions. Energy dissipation will be necessary when existing conditions cannot be duplicated. • Streambank stabilization shall be provided, as a result of any stream disturbance such as encroachment and shall include both upstream and downstream banks as well as the local site. • HEC-RAS or a hydraulic software program listed in Appendix B, Table B.1, Stormwater Modeling Programs and Design Tools shall be used to confirm the water surface profiles in open channels. • The final design of artificial open channels shall be consistent with the velocity limitations for the selected channel lining. Maximum velocity values for selected lining categories are presented in Table 3.16 and Table 3. 17. • Seeding and mulch shall only be used when the design value does not exceed the allowable value for bare soil. Velocity limitations for vegetative linings are reported in Table 3.17. Vegetative lining calculations and stone riprap procedures are presented in this Chapter and in Section 3.2 of the Hydraulics Technical Manual. • The design of stable rock riprap lining depends on the intersection of the velocity (local boundary shear) and the size and gradation of the riprap material. More information on calculating acceptable riprap velocity limits is available in Section 3.2.7 of the Hydraulics Technical Manual. The Gregory Method shall be used for riprap design in the City. Normal Depth (Uniform Flow) For uniform flow calculations, the theoretical channel dimensions, computed by the slope -area methods outlined in this manual, are to be used only for an initial dimension in the design of an improved channel. Exceptions will be for small outfall channels when the following conditions are true: • Completely contained on the private Development site for on -site drainage • Where no off -site drainage easement is required (i.e. not crossing or adjacent to another property that could be flooded if design storm occurs); No nearby downstream restrictions that would produce a backwater affect at the design location; and Where peak discharge is 10 cfs or less. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 80 Backwater Profile (Gradually Varied Flow) The City requires a hand computed or HEC-RAS backwater/frontwater analysis on any proposed open channel to determine the actual tailwater elevations, channel capacity and freeboard, and impacts on adjacent floodplains. If a stream or creek has an effective FEMA model, the engineer will be required to use a computer program for the analysis. If the current effective FEMA model for the stream is a HEC-2 model, the engineer has the option to either use that model, or convert to HEC-RAS for analysis of proposed conditions. Supercritical Flow Regime Supercritical flow will not be allowed. However, for lined channels, the hand computed frontwater or HEC-RAS analysis shall include a mixed -flow regime analysis, to confirm no supercritical flow occurs. The City requires that the computed flow depths in designed channels be outside of the range of instability, i.e. depth of flow shall be at least 1.1 times critical depth. Channel Transitions or Energy Dissipation Structures or Small Dams A HEC-RAS model or complete hand computed backwater analysis is a standard requirement for design of channel transitions (upstream and downstream), energy dissipation structures, and small dams. A backwater analysis will be required by the City, either hand computed or HEC-RAS, to determine accurate tailwater elevation, head losses, headwater elevations and floodplains affected by the proposed transition into and out of an improved channel, any on -stream energy dissipating structures, and small dams (less than six (6) feet). If the current effective FEMA model for the stream is a HEC-2 model, the engineer has the option to either use that model, or convert to HEC-RAS for analysis of proposed conditions. For larger dams, a hydrologic routing will be required, as well as hydraulic analysis, to determine impacts of the proposed structure on existing floodplains and adjacent properties. Lined Channels 1. Channels shall be trapezoidal in shape and lined with reinforced concrete in accordance with City Standards and Specifications with side slopes not steeper than two (2) feet horizontal to one (1) foot vertical. The lining shall extend to and include the water surface elevation of the 100-year design storm plus one (1) foot of freeboard for the fully developed flood mitigation storm. 2. The channel bottom must be a minimum of eight (8) feet in width. (Overflow structures for storm sewer system sumps may have a minimum bottom width of six (6) feet.) 3. The maximum water flow velocity in a lined channel shall be fifteen (15) feet per second except that the water flow shall not be supercritical in an area from 100 feet upstream of a bridge to twenty-five (25) feet downstream of a bridge. Hydraulic jumps shall not be allowed from the face of a culvert to fifty (50) feet upstream from that culvert. In general, channels having supercritical flow conditions are discouraged. 4. Whenever flow changes from supercritical to subcritical, channel protection shall be provided to protect from the hydraulic jump that is anticipated (see comment in Item 3, above). 5. The design of the channel lining shall take into account the super elevation of the water surface around curves and other changes in direction. 6. A chain link fence six (6) feet in height shall be constructed on each side of the concrete or gabion channel lining. 7. TPW may require a geotechnical study and/or an underground drainage system design for concrete lined channels. 8. See City Standard Details for concrete lined channel section. Earthen Channels 1. An earthen channel shall have a trapezoidal shape with side slopes not steeper than a 4:1 (horizontal and vertical) ratio and a channel bottom at least twelve (12) feet in width. 2. One (1) foot of freeboard above the flood mitigation frequency fully developed water surface elevation must be provided within all designed channels at all locations along the channel. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 81 3. The side slopes and bottom of an earthen channel shall be smooth, free of rocks, and contain a minimum of six (6) inches of topsoil. The side slopes and channel bottom shall be re -vegetated with grass. No channel shall be accepted for maintenance by the City until a uniform (e.g., evenly distributed, without large bare areas) vegetative cover with a density of 70% has been established. 4. Each reach of a channel must have a ramp for maintenance access. Ramps shall be at least ten (10) feet wide and have 15% maximum grade. Twelve (12) feet width is required if the ramp is bounded by vertical walls. 5. Minimum channel slope is 0.0020 ft/ft (0.20%). 6. Erosion protection shall be provided at outfall to the receiving stream. The outfall of the earthen channel shall meet the flowline of the receiving stream or a drop structure shall be provided. 7. Channel shall be designed for subcritical flow regime; supercritical flow must be contained in flow transition armored channel sections Roadside Ditches (Figure 3.15) 1. A roadside ditch ('rural") street section is not permissible, except when the City Plan Commission approves a waiver to the Master Thoroughfare Plan standard street sections No median ditches are allowed. 2. The design storm for roadside ditches shall be the fully developed conditions for the flood mitigation storm. The flood mitigation storm shall not exceed the right-of-way capacity defined as the natural ground at the right- of-way line or top of roadside ditch, unless contained within a designated drainage easement. Design Considerations 1. For grass lined sections, the maximum design velocity shall be as defined in Table 3.17 for the flood mitigation design storm (Higher velocities are allowed if justified by a sealed geotechnical study). 2. A grass lined or unimproved roadside ditch shall have minimum two (2) feet bottom width and side slopes no steeper than four horizontal to one vertical (4:1). There shall be a four (4) foot strip at maximum 2% cross slope between the edge of pavement and the beginning of the ditch. 3. Minimum grades for roadside ditches shall be 0.0040 ft/ft (0.40%). 4. Manning's roughness coefficient for analysis and design of roadside ditches are presented in Table 3.15, Table 3.16, and Table 3.17 and in Section 3.2.3 in the iSWM Hydraulics Technical Manual. 5. Maximum depth will not exceed four (4) feet from center -line of pavement (highest elevation in pavement section). 6. If the ditch extends beyond the right-of-way line, ' an additional drainage easement shall be dedicated extending at least two (2) feet beyond the top of bank. Utility easements must be separate and beyond any drainage easements. 7. Hydraulic analysis of roadside ditches will require a HEC-RAS analysis for discharges greater than 10 cfs or where conditions other than normal depth are anticipated. Culverts in Roadside Ditches 1. Culverts will be placed at all driveway, roadway crossings, and pedestrian crossings. 2. Erosion protection will be provided at the upstream and downstream ends of all culverts. 3. The size of culvert used shall not create a head loss of more than two -tenths (0.20) foot greater than the normal water surface profile without the culvert unless one (1) foot of freeboard within the roadside ditch is provided. 4. Roadside ditch culverts will be no smaller than twenty-four (24) inches inside diameter or equivalent for roadway crossings and fifteen (16) inches for driveway culverts. 5. A driveway culvert schedule shall be included on the face of the plat. It shall include, for each lot, culvert flowline depth below top of pavement, number and size of pipe required, and horizontal distance from edge of pavement to center of culvert (based on horizontal control requirements above). City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 82 Transitions between urban and rural street drainage 1. Runoff from a curb and gutter street shall be collected in an inlet and discharged to downstream channel or ditches via a storm drain pipe and headwall. 2. Runoff from a roadside ditch shall be collected using a headwall or Y-inlet, and connected into the urban storm drain system. Channel Velocity Limitations Maximum allowable: Lined Channels — Maximum velocities equal to fifteen (15 fps) feet per second. Grass Lined Channels — Maximum velocities refer to Table 3.17. Higher values are allowed if they are justified by a sealed geotechnical studylanalysis of soil type and conditions. Critical Flow Calculations Section 3.2.5 Critical Flow Calculations of the iSWM Hydraulics Technical Manual is for reference only. Vegetative Design Section 3.2.6 Vegetative Design of the iSWM Hydraulics Technical Manual is for reference only. Stone Riprap Design Riprap design is to be by Method #2 (Gregory Method) described in Section 3.2.7 of the iSWM Hydraulics Technical Manual. A properly designed geotextile material is required under the granular bedding. The City standard specifications identify the type of geotextile to be used. Regardless of computed thickness, the minimum allowable riprap thickness is twelve (12) inches. Section 3.2.7 of the iSWM Hydraulics Technical Manual, Stone Riprap Design Method #1: Maynard and Reese is for reference only. Grouted Riprap The City will allow grouted stone riprap as an erosion control feature. However, the design thickness of the stone lining will not be reduced by the use of grout. See the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers' design manual ETL 1110-2- 334 on design and construction of grouted riprap. The Gregory Method shall be utilized. Table 3.20 shall be used to report results of the rip rap design utilizing the Gregory method. Uniform Flow — Example Problems Section 3.2.9 Uniform Flow — Example Problems in the iSWM Hydraulics Technical Manual is for reference only. Rectangular, Triangular, and Trapezoidal Open Channel Design Section 3.2.11 Rectangular, Triangular, and Trapezoidal Open Channel Design — Example Problems in the iSWM Hydraulics Technical Manual are for reference only. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 83 Table 3.15 City of Fort Worth Manning's Roughness Coefficients for Design Lining Type - -Manning's n* Comments Grass Lined 0.035 0.050 Use for velocity check Use for channel capacity check (freeboard check) Concrete Lined 0.015 Rock Riprap 0.040 n = 0.0395d501/6 where d50 is the stone size of which 50% of the ample is smaller Grouted Riprap 0.028 FHWA (Federal Highway Administration) Note: For analysis, Manning's coefficients in chart above shall be used. Table 3.16 Roughness Coefficients (Manning's n) and Allowable Velocities for Natural Channels Max. Permissible Channel Description " .e :Maiining's n Channel, Velocity, MINOR NATURAL STREAMS Fairly regular section: 1. Some grass and weeds, little or no brush 0.030 3.0 to 6.0 2. Dense growth of weeds, depth of flow materially greater than weed 0.035 3.0 to 6.0 height 3. Some weeds, light brush on banks 0.035 3.0 to 6.0 4. Some weeds, heavy brush on banks 0.050 3.0 to 6.0 5. Some weeds, dense willows on banks 0.060 3.0 to 6.0 For trees within channels with branches submerged at high stage, 0.010 increase above values by Irregular section with pools, slight channel meander, increase above 0.010 values by Floodplain -- Pasture 1. Short grass 0.030 3.0 to 6.0 2. Tall grass 0.035 3.0 to 6.0 Floodplain - Cultivated Areas 1. No crop 0.030 3.0 to 6.0 2. Mature row crops 0.035 3.0 to 6.0 3. Mature field crops 0.040 3.0 to 6.0 Floodplain -- Uncleared 1. Heavy weeds scattered brush 0.050 3.0 to 6.0 2. Wooded 0.120 3.0 to 6.0 MAJOR NATURAL STREAMS Roughness coefficient is usually less than for minor streams of similar Range from description on account of less effective resistance offered by irregular 0.028 to 0.060 3.0 to 6.0 banks or vegetation on banks. Values of "n" for larger streams of mostly regular sections, with no boulders or brush UNLINED VEGETATED CHANNELS Clays (Bermuda Grass) 0.035 5.0 to 6.0 Sandy and Silty Soils (Bermuda Grass) 0.035 3.0 to 5.0 City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 84 Table 3.16 Roughness Coefficients (Manning's n) and Allowable Velocities for Natural Channels Max. Permissible Channel Description Manning's n Channel Velocity (ftls) UNLINED NON -VEGETATED CHANNELS Sandy Soils 0.030 1.5 to 2.5 Silts 0.030 0.7 to 1.5 Sandy Silts 0.030 2.5 to 3.0 Clays 0.030 3.0 to 5.0 Coarse Gravels 0.030 5.0 to 6.0 Shale 0.030 6.0 to 10.0 Rock 0.025 15.0 For natural channels with specific vegetation type, refer to Table 3.17 for more detailed velocity control. Table 3.17 Maximum Velocities for Vegetative Channel Linings Vegetation Type Slope Rarige.(% )1 Maximum Velocity2 (ftls) Bermuda grass 0-5 6.0 Bahia 4.0 Tall fescue grass mixtures3 0-10 4.0 Kentucky bluegrass 0-5 6.0 Buffalo grass 5-10 5.0 >10 4.0 Grass mixture 0-5' 4.0 5-10 3.0 Sericea lespedeza, Weeping 0-5 4 lovegrass, Alfalfa 3.0 nnuals5 0-5 3.0 Sod 4.0 Lapped sod 5.0 Do not use on slopes steeper than 10% except for side -slope in combination channel. Use velocities exceeding 5 ft/s only where good stands can be maintained. Mixtures of Tall Fescue, Bahia, and/or Bermuda Do not use on slopes steeper than 5% except for side -slope in combination channel. Annuals - used on mild slopes or as temporary protection until permanent covers are established. Source: Manual for Erosion and Sediment Control in Georgia, 1996. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 85 Drainage Easement Channel Width See Fig. 3.12 > See Fig. 3.12 for Section i for Section I x' a I ate Z . Z x o o m 0 N m LL u, LL u_ CL o i o 0 X 10'-00 8'-0. ,(Min.) (Min.) Varies - i X 2.0% 2 V 1 2H:1 V X w (Max.) (Max.) (Max) v W �1! LL Z ] Z Z Z U U 0 1 1 Z0,, x � x Jr� 1 � x "12'-09 (Min.) ramp width is required if hound by vertical wails. Figure 3.11 Plan View - Trapezoidal Concrete Lined Channel City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 86 6..CvwRLINK, FENGE.Cirf P•)- n.-minacle Easevyrt� . 7ra ezoidal Concrete tined Cannel Figure 3.12 $ection View P Gity of FortWarih Starmwater Criteria Mane'! 87 Drainage }� 1 See Fig. 3.14 I lEasement Channel IMdth See Fig. 3.14 for Section i I for Section m a m O i a ;Y 0 Im I co 0 0 co 0 10 I . w I o a I W o 10 i I 12'-0° (Min.) i -Varies „ 2 0% 4H:1V I 12H:1V 112H:1V 4H:1V I (Max.) (Max.) (Mir:.) i (Min.) (Max:) u�tl i 1u�3 [ 1 , I . 1 1 oz 1 I I I I i I � `12'-W (Min.) ramp width is required if bound by vertical'walls. Figure 3.13 Plan View -Trapezoidal Earthen Channel City of Fort Worth 5tormwater Criteria Manual 88 nilk ,e..ejmGlt 'r of V:Te000lta j, cvva�jjel View ITT 4 sect, an f-more C�wl of -Togo' 'ph.) veto m z �I � 4 �-` (Max.) 1 IAA -0q Varies {rffin Rural ftoadwaY praina91 f, ry U+ Eesemen � t thin 4' � T08 OYrsves pin . 4y Tor. Tu,j TeetnfOrCe�mA�tjier�*r as TeC T-W IC(On.) $ e d►tah = p aa°lo• itudinai s1aF ht of-waY line - NOW Minimu►►► lan9 and then$ 'Easement oniY required if d� extends t eY i section —'Rural goads �da Ditch Figure 3.'i TYF�ca G►ty of fort worth Stormwater caen Manual .2 Vegetative Design A two-part procedure is required for final design of temporary and vegetative channel linings. o Part 1: the design stability component, involves determining channel dimensions for low vegetative retardance conditions, using Class D as defined in Table 3.18, o Part 2: the design capacity component, involves determining the depth increase necessary to maintain capacity for higher vegetative retardance conditions, using Class C as defined in Table 3.18. If temporary lining is to be used during construction, vegetative retardance Class E shall be used for the design stability calculations. If the channel slope exceeds 10%, or a combination of channel linings will be used, additional procedures not presented below are required. References include HEC-15 (USDOT, FHWA, 1986) and HEC-14 (USDOT, FHWA, 1983). Table 3.18 Classification of Vegetal Covers as to Degrees of Retardance Retardance Cover f Condition AWeeping Lovegrass Excellent stand, tall (average 30") Yellow Bluestem Ischaemum Excellent stand, tall (average 36") Kudzu Very dense growth, uncut Bermuda grass Good stand, tall (average 12") Native grass mixture Little bluestem, bluestem, blue gamma other short and long stem Midwest grasses Good stand, unmowed B Weeping lovegrass Good stand, tall (average 24") Laspedeza sericea Good stand, not woody, tall (average 19") Alfalfa Good stand, uncut (average 11 ") Weeping lovegrass Good stand, unmowed (average 13") Kudzu Dense growth, uncut Blue gamma Good stand, uncut (average 13") Crabgrass Fair stand, uncut (10 — 48") Bermuda grass Good stand, mowed (average 6") Common lespedeza Good stand, uncut (average 11") C Grass -legume mixture: summer (orchard grass redtop, Italian ryegrass, and common lespedeza) Good stand, uncut (6 — 8") Centipede grass Very dense cover (average 6") Kentucky bluegrass Good stand, headed (6 —12") Bermuda grass Good stand, cut to 2.5" D Common lespedeza Excellent stand, uncut (average 4.5") Buffalo grass Good stand, uncut (3 — 6") D Grass -legume mixture: all, spring (orchard grass, redtop, Italian ryegrass, and common lespedeza) Good stand, uncut (4 — 5") Lespedeza sericea After cutting to 2" (very good before cutting) E Bermuda grass Good stand, cut to 1.5" Bermuda grass Burned stubble Note: Covers classified have been tested in experimental channels. Covers were green and generally uniform. Source: HEC-15, 1988, City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 91 3.8.4.3 Culverts Design Frequency Culverts are cross drainage facilities that transport runoff under roadways or other improved areas. Culverts shall be designed for the fully developed conditions flood mitigation storm or in accordance with TxDOT requirements, if in the TXDOT right of way. Consideration when designing culverts includes: roadway height, tailwater or depth of flow, structures and property subject to flooding, emergency access, and road replacement costs. The flood mitigation storm shall be routed through all culverts to confirm building structures (e.g., houses, commercial buildings) are not flooded or increased damage does not occur to the roadway or adjacent property for this design event. For multiple barrel culverts the City requires the placement of one of the barrels at the flowline of the stream with the other barrels at a higher elevation to create a single flow path for lower flow and reduce sediment and debris accumulation. The low -flow portion of the low barrel(s) shall convey at least 2% of the design 1 DO -year discharge. Velocity Limitations The maximum velocity shall be consistent with channel stability requirements at the culvert outlet. Refer to Table 3.9 for maximum allowable velocities for reinforced concrete pipe. Outlet protection shall be provided where discharge velocities will cause erosive conditions. To ensure self-cleaning during partial depth flow, a minimum velocity of two and a half (2.5 fps) feet per second is required for the streambank protection storm when the culvert is flowing partially full. Length and Slope The maximum slope using concrete pipe is 10% before pipe -restraining methods must be taken. Maximum vertical distance from throat of intake to flowline in a drainage structure is ten (10) feet. Drops greater than four (4) feet will require additional structural design. Headwater Limitations The allowable headwater is the depth of water that can be ponded at the upstream end of the culvert during the design flood, which will be limited by one or more of the following constraints or conditions: o Headwater will be non -damaging to upstream property. o Culvert headwater plus twelve (12) inches of freeboard shall not exceed top of curb or pavement for low point of road over culvert, whichever is lower. o Ponding depth will be no greater than the elevation where flow diverts around the culvert. o Elevations will be established to delineate floodplain zoning. Either the headwater shall be set to produce acceptable velocities or stabilization/energy dissipation shall be provided where these velocities are exceeded. The constraint that gives the lowest allowable headwater elevation establishes the criteria for the hydraulic calculations. Tailwater Considerations If the culvert outlet is operating with a free outfall, the critical depth and equivalent hydraulic grade line shall be determined. For culverts that discharge to an open channel, the stage -discharge curve for the channel must be determined. See Section 2. 1.4 of the Hydraulics Technical Manual on methods to determine a stage - discharge curve. If an upstream culvert outlet is located near a downstream culvert inlet, the headwater elevation of the downstream culvert will establish the design tailwater depth for the upstream culvert. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 92 If the culvert discharges to a lake, pond, or other major water body, the expected high water elevation of the particular water body will establish the culvert tailwater. Other Criteria • In designing debris control structures, the Hydraulic Engineering Circular No. 9 entitled Debris Control Structures is adopted and shall be used. • If storage is being assumed or will occur upstream of the culvert, refer to Section 2.0 of the Hydraulics Technical Manual regarding storage routing as part of the culvert design. • Culvert skews shall not exceed 45 degrees as measured from a line perpendicular to the roadway centerline without approval. • The minimum allowable pipe diameter for a roadway culvert shall be twenty-four (24) inches. A minimum diameter of fifteen (15) inches may be used for driveway culverts. Erosion, sediment control, and velocity dissipation shall be designed in accordance with Section 4.0 of the Hydraulics Technical Manual. The City requires a backwater analysis using HEC-RAS to evaluate the proposed structure for final design. Corrugated Metal Pipe Culvert Corrugated Metal Pipe (CMP) is not allowed in the City and shall not be used for any public storm drain or culvert. Nomographs Nomographs are not allowed by City for final sizing of culverts. The reference for nomographs is FHWA HDS-5. A backwater analysis using HEC-RAS is required. Culvert Design Example Section 3.3.5 Culvert Design Example of the iSWM Hydraulics Technical Manual is adopted by reference with the following modification: the nomograph procedure is acceptable for preliminary sizing only. Design Procedures for Beveled -Edged Inlets Section 3.3.6 Design Procedures for Beveled -Edged Inlets of the iSWM Hydraulics Technical Manual is adopted by reference with the following modification: the nomograph procedure is acceptable for preliminary sizing only. Flood Routing and Culvert Design Refer to Section 3.3.7 Flood Routing and Culvert Design of the iSWM Hydraulics Technical Manual. Erosion, Sediment Control, Velocity Dissipation Section 3.2.7 iSWM Hydraulics Technical Manual Gregory Method is adopted by reference for culvert outfall protection for riprap sizing, gradation, and bedding. Use Section 4.0 of that manual for spatial dimensions of riprap and other energy dissipation design. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 93 3.8.4.4 Bridges Design Frequency Bridges are cross drainage facilities with a span of twenty (20) feet or larger. Bridges shall be designed for the flood mitigation storm for fully developed watershed conditions. Design Criteria A backwater analysis using HEC-RAS is used for final design of the proposed structure. For bridges up to 100 feet long, measured from abutment to abutment, two (2) feet of freeboard is required from design water surface elevation to low chord. For a bridge greater than one hundred (>100) feet long, one (1) foot of freeboard is required. The Bridge Hydraulics Documentation Checklist must be completed and submitted to the City with the Drainage Study and construction plans. Backwater analysis will be required using HEC-RAS, for any proposed bridge, to determine accurate tailwater elevations, velocities, head losses, headwater elevations, profiles and floodplains affected by the proposed structure. If the current effective FEMA model is a HEC-2 model, the engineer has the option to either use that model, or convert to HEC-RAS for analysis of proposed conditions. The contraction and expansion of water through the bridge opening creates hydraulic losses. These losses are accounted for through the use of loss coefficients. Table 3.19 gives required values for the Contraction (Kc) and Expansion (Ke) Coefficients for the most commonly encountered design situations. Additional design information is located in Section 3.4 of the Hydraulics Technical Manual. Table 3.19 Recommended Loss Coefficients for Bridges Transition Type Contraction (Kc) Expansion (Ke) No losses computed 0.0 0.0 Gradual transition 0.1 0.3 Typical bridge 0.3 0.6 Severe transition 0.6 0.8 3.8.4.5 Detention Structures Design Frequency The streambank protection, conveyance, and flood mitigation storms for the 24-hour storm duration shall be used for design of detention structures. Analysis shall consider both the existing watershed plus developed site conditions and fully developed watershed conditions. Design Criteria Stormwater detention shall be provided to mitigate increased peak flows in the City waterways in specific circumstances as defined below. The purpose of the mitigation is to mitigate downstream flooding impacts from upstream Development. In some instances, detention may be shown to exacerbate potential flooding conditions downstream. Therefore, the Zone of Influence criteria shall be applied in addition to these criteria. Design data for dams will be submitted to the City on Form CFW-5, Preliminary and Final Dam Maintenance Emergency Action Plan, 1. Detention Basins shall be required when downstream facilities within the Zone of Influence are not adequately sized to convey a design storm based on current City criteria for hydraulic capacity. 2. Proposed stormwater discharge from a site shall not exceed the calculated discharges from existing conditions, unless sufficient downstream capacity above existing discharge conditions is available. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 94 3. The Modified Rational Method (see Section 1.5.2 in the iSWM Hydrology Technical Manual) is allowed for planning and conceptual design for watersheds of 200 acres and less. For final design purposes the Modified Rational Method is allowed only for watersheds of 25 acres and less. Modified Rational Method is not acceptable for basins in series. Note that the only Modified Rational Method allowed is defined in Section 1.5 in the iSWM Hydrology Technical Manual. The purpose of the preliminary plat is to denote future improvements that shall be required. Sizing is not exact and may result in undersized detention/retention pond requirements. 4. Detention Basins draining watersheds over 25 acres shall be designed using a detailed unit hydrograph method acceptable to the City of Fort Worth. The acceptable methods are Snyder's Unit Hydrograph (greater than one hundred (>100) acres) and SCS Dimensionless Unit Hydrograph (any size). The SCS method is also allowed for basins with watersheds less than 25 acres (see Table 1.2 in the iSWM Hydrologic Technical Manual). 5. Detention Basins shall be designed for the Stream bank Protection, Conveyance, and Flood Mitigation storms for the 24-hour storm duration. 6. Detention basin embankments shall have a ten (10) foot crown width. A minimum 10' easement shall be provided from the outside top of bank. For access to the pond bottom, provide a maintenance ramp of at least ten (10) feet wide with a maximum slope of 15%. Twelve (12) feet width is required next to vertical walls. Trees shall not be planted on the crown. 7. Detention Basins shall be designed with at least one ten (10) foot wide maintenance access location, with a 15% maximum grade. Trees shall not be planted with the 10' access. 8. A freeboard of one (1) foot is required for all detention ponds. 9. Grassed side slopes shall be 4:1 or flatter and less than twenty (20) feet in height. Slopes protected with concrete riprap shall be no steeper than 2:1. A detailed geotechnical investigation and slope stability analysis is required for grass and concrete slope pavement slopes greater than twelve (12) feet in height. See final stabilization requirements in Section 4.3.1. Trees shall not be planted on pond side slopes. 10. A calculation summary shall be provided on construction plans. For detailed calculations of unit hydrograph studies, a separate report shall be provided to the City for review and referenced with date, engineer and title on the construction plans. Stage -storage -discharge values shall be tabulated and flow calculations for discharge structures shall be shown on the construction plans. 11. An emergency spillway shall be provided at the 100-year maximum storage elevation with sufficient capacity to convey the fully urbanized flood mitigation storm assuming blockage of the closed conduit portion outlet works with six (6) inches of freeboard. Spillway requirements must also meet all appropriate state and federal criteria. Design calculations will be added for all spillways. 12. All detention basins shall be stabilized against significant erosion and shall include a maintenance plan. 13. A landscape plan shall be provided for all detention ponds. 14. Stormwater Facility Maintenance Agreement (SWFMA) is required for all detention and retention facilities. 15. Detention basin outlet structures shall be designed to minimize the likeliness of clogging and shall include features to prevent activation of the emergency spillway if such activation would create an uncontrolled discharge. The use of orifice plates or non-standard structures is not allowed. 16. Dry detention basins are sized to temporarily store the volume of runoff required to provide flood protection up to the flood mitigation storm. Dry detention basin design shall consider multiple uses such as recreation. Pilot channels shall follow the edges of the basin to the extent practical. The bottom of the basin shall have a minimum grade of 1% per Figure 3.17, although swales may have minimum grades of 0.5%. Concrete flumes shall be provided for slopes less than 0.5% and may have slopes as shallow as 0.2%. They shall be at least six (6) feet wide. Trees shall not be planted along swales or pilot channels. A minimum of 10' distance between the swale/channel flow line to trees is required. 17. Extended detention dry basins are sized to provide extended detention of the streambank protection volume over 24 hours and can also provide additional storage volume for normal detention (peak flow reduction) of the flood mitigation storm event. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 95 18. Routing calculations must be used to demonstrate that the storage volume and outlet structure configuration are adequate. See Section 2.0 of the Hydraulics Technical Manual for requirements on the design of detention storage. 19. Stormwater lift stations are not allowed. 20. Underground detention ponds are not allowed for public runoff. 21. State TCEQ rules and regulations regarding impoundments shall be followed. According to current (2009) guidelines, dams fall under the jurisdiction of the TCEQ Dam Safety Program if they meet one or more of the following criteria (See NCTCOG iSWM Program Guidance -- Dam Safety and Water Rights): • they have a height greater than or equal to 25-feet and a maximum storage capacity greater than or equal to fifteen (15) acre-feet; • they have a height greater than six (6) feet and a maximum storage capacity greater than or equal to fifty (50) acre-feet; • they are a high or significant hazard dam as defined in the regulations (relating to Hazard Classification Criteria), regardless of height or maximum storage capacity; or • they are used as a pumped storage or terminal storage facility. 22. In accordance with Texas Water Code §11.142, all permanent surface impoundments not used solely for domestic or livestock purposes must obtain a water rights permit from the TCEQ. A completed permit for the proposed use, or written documentation stating that a permit is not required, must be obtained. 23. Underground stormwater detention facilities shall: Not be allowed for conveyance of public runoff; • Comply with guidance in the NCTCOG iSWM Technical Manuals; • Provide adequate access to allow for required cleaning, maintenance and inspection; and • Be constructed of RCP, PP, CMP, or HDPE and allow for cleaning by a jetter hose. Items 7, 10, 12, 13, 24 and 25 also apply to amenity ponds. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 96 (Min.) I I B 1!2 A 4H:1V V 4 iH V _ --Now (Mqx.) 2V .(Mq.) (Min.) SttrructN-_ IN EmerOency-- Spii _ , Y 4H:1V (Max.) ! � Outfai[ ! l Strudure Erosion Protection (Min.) ramp width B as Necessary is required rf bound p VfEW by-vertical walls: N.T.S. •101-0" 10'-0" (Min.) (Min.) 100 Yr. WSEL (Min.) 4H:1 V (Max) 1.4'l0 {Min.) 4H:1V , (Max.) SECTION A A K.T.S. 1' of Freeboard (Min.) 100 Yr. WSiFL 4 naL AAir►.� knnax.) SECTION B-B N.T.S: Figure 3.16 Dry Detention Pond Schematic (15.00W Max.) City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 97 Min(Min. ° B (.) {rQi Er A o A �L Concrete Pi[ot Channel m 4H:1V 61-00 (0.20% Min.) o c Z (Max) (Min.) .. m � G 11 Retaining Wail (Variance Required) Emergancy I i 10'-0° Crown Spillway Width'(Min.) i }� S ctulne Erosion Protection '1Z4" (Mln.) ramp width B *—j as Neoessary Is required If bound PLAN VIEW by vertical wails. N.T.S. w 1 " (Min) Foln.) ef 100 Yr. WSEL (Mi-0) 1.0% (Min.)_ 41­1:1V (Malt.) (Max.) SECTION A A RetainingWall N.T.S. (Variance Rquired) 10'-0" (Min.) 1' of FneeboOd (Min.) 100 Yr. WSEL Emergency 'SpUFway = 1.0% (Min.) �4H:1V 4H:1V (Max.) (Max.) Retain[ngg Wall SECTION B-B (Variance Required) N.T.S. (15.04o Max.) City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 98 Outlet Structures Extended detention (ED) orifice sizing is required in design applications that provide extended detention for downstream streambank protection or the ED portion of the water quality protection volume. The release rate for both the WQv and SPv shall discharge the ED volume in a period of 24 hours or longer. In both cases an extended detention orifice or reverse slope pipe must be used for the outlet. For a structural control facility providing both WQv extended detention and SPv control (wet ED pond, micropool ED pond, and shallow ED wetland), there will be a need to design two outlet orifices — one for the water quality control outlet and one for the streambank protection drawdown. Design Frequency • Water quality storm • Streambank protection storm • Conveyance storm • Flood mitigation storm Design Criteria • Estimate the required storage volumes for streambank protection, conveyance storm, and flood mitigation. • Design extended detention outlets for each storm event. • Outlet velocities shall be within the maximum allowable range based on channel material as shown in Table 3.16 and Table 3.17. Design necessary outlet protection and energy dissipation facilities to avoid erosion downstream from outlet devices and emergency spillway(s). • Perform buoyancy calculations for the outlet structure and footing. Flotation will occur when the weight of the structure is less than or equal to the buoyant force exerted by the water. Additional design requirements are located in Section 2.2 of the Hydraulics Technical Manual. Energy Dissipation Design Frequency All drainage system outlets, whether for closed conduits, culverts, bridges, open channels, or storage facilities, shall provide energy dissipation to protect the receiving drainage element from erosion, • Conveyance storm • Flood mitigation storm (100-year) • Assume fully developed watershed conditions Design Criteria • Energy dissipaters are engineered devices such as rip -rap aprons or concrete baffles placed at the outlet of stormwater conveyance systems for the purpose of reducing the velocity, energy and turbulence of the discharged flow. • Erosion at culvert, pipe and engineered channel outlets are common. Determination of the flow conditions, scour potential, and channel erosion resistance shall be standard procedure for all designs. All culvert and pipe outfalls, and channel transitions shall be provided with energy dissipation and erosion control. • Energy dissipaters shall be employed at all concentrated outfalls no matter the velocity. • Energy dissipation devices or controls shall also be employed in downstream channels whenever the velocity of flows leaving a stormwater management facility exceeds the erosion velocity of the downstream area channel system. • Energy dissipater designs will vary based on discharge specifics and tailwater conditions. • Outlet structures shall provide uniform redistribution or spreading of the flow without excessive separation and turbulence. • Energy dissipaters are a required component of the iSWM Construction Plan. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 99 Recommended Energy Dissipaters for outlet protection include the following: • Riprap apron Riprap outlet basins • Baffled outlets • Grade Control Structures Refer to Section 4.0 of the Hydraulics Technical Manual and the Federal Highway Administration Hydraulic Engineering Circular No. 14 entitled. Hydraulic Design of Energy Dissipaters for Culverts and Channels, for the design procedures of other energy dissipaters. Channel Transitions, Energy Dissipation Structures, or Small Dams A backwater analysis is required by the City, using HEC-RAS or the computer programs listed in Appendix B. The backwater analysis shall determine accurate tailwater elevation and velocities, head losses, headwater elevations, velocities and floodplains affected by the proposed transition into and out of: 1) an improved channel; 2) any on - stream energy dissipating structures; and 3) small dams (less than six (6) feet). If the current effective FEMA model for the stream is a HEC-2 model, the engineer has the option to either use that model, or convert to HEC-RAS for analysis of proposed conditions. For larger dams, a hydrologic routing will be required, as well as hydraulic analysis, to determine impacts of the proposed structure on existing floodplains and adjacent properties. Examples of Open Channel Transition Structures Examples of open channel transition structures are included in the drawings in Appendix C — City of Fort Worth Miscellaneous Details and Specifications Straight Drop Structure, Bureau of Reclamation Baffled Chute (Basin IX). The computer program associated with FHWA Hydraulic Engineering Circular No. 14 (HEC-14) is "HY8" dated March 2012. This program provides the engineer a tool to aid in the design, selection, and sizing of a broad range of energy dissipaters including some of those listed in Section 4.0 of the iSWM Hydraulics Technical Manual. Channel transition structures and "drop" structures shall be designed in accordance with the iSWM Hydraulics Technical Manual and HEC-14. Stone Rip Rap Design — Gregory Method Results Table Table 3.21 Rock Rip Rap Sizing — Gregory Method shall be used to report results of the Gregory channel riprap design method. Table 3.20 shall be used to report the results of the Gregory Culvert Outfall Protection Method. A properly designed bedding layer is required under the granular bedding. Table 3.20 Rock Riprap Sizing — Culvert Outfall Protection From Section 3.2.7 iSWM Hydraulics Technical Manual Se tember 2014 Determine DSO size of riprap stone (size at which 50% of the gradation is Units Size by Frequency Select Lar est) finer weight): 100- ear 5-year 1- ear = outfall velocity ftlsec y5 = saturated surface dry (SSD) specific weight of stone (150-175 Iblft') Iblft' V SO = YW 11/2 1.8[2y(YsYW )] Where: yW = 62.4 Ib/ft', and g = 32.2 fls2 feet If ys is 160 Ib/ft3 or greater, then the equation may reduce to: DSO = �Tvl Maximum d50 (controlling size) inches City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 100 Table 3.21 Rock Riprap Sizing — Gregory Method From Section 3.2.7 iSWM Hydraulics Technical Manual. September 2014 Step 1: Calculate Boundary Shear: Units Size bv re uenc(Select 100-year 5-year 1-year Q = peak discharge cfs b = bottom width of channel feet = depth of peak flow feet S = specific weight of stone (150-175 Ib/ft') Ib/ft3 = cross -sectional area of flow ft2 P = wetted perimeter feet R = hydraulic radius of channel = AIWP feet S = slope of energy gradient ft o = average tractive stress on channel bottom = yw*R`S (yw = 62.4 Iblft3) lblftz (P = Angle of side slope (140 for 4:1 slopes) degrees O = Angle of repose of rock, usually 40') degrees o' = average tractive stress on channel side slopes = To[1-(Sin20/Sin2O)]1/2 lblft' Step 2; Determine the tractive stress in a bend in the channel: = the greater of To or To' from above Ib/ftz r = centerline radius of bend (10000' if straight) feet = water surface width at upstream end of bend feet b = local tractive stress in bend = 3.15T(r/w)-112 Ibift2 Step 3: Determine D50 size of riprap stone (size at which 50% of the gradation is finer weight): = Design shear stress (greatest of To, To' or Tb) Iblft2 D50 = required average stone size = T10.04F]s-Fw) feet Maximum d50 (controlling size) inches Step 4: Select minimum riprap thickness from grain size curves (Fig. 3.12 to 3.17 iSWM Hydraulic Technical Manua!). D50 (max)= (Select from smaller side of band at 50% fine gradation) Ib/ft2 Riprap Size = (min thickness is 12") inches Step 5: Select riprap gradations table (Fig. 3.18 to 3.19 iSWM Hydraulics Technical Manual Riprap Gradation Figure based on riprap thickness in Step 4 Figure Step 6: Select bedding thickness from grain size curves (Fig. 3.12 to 3.17 iSWM Hydraulics Technica Bedding Gradation Figure Figure Note: See steps 7-10 in the Section 3.2.7 for iSWM Hydraulics Technical Manual additional guidance. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 101 3.8.5 Stormwater Detention Facility Maintenance 3.8.5.1 Dry Detention Ponds Note: Modifications affecting the storage capacity and/or outlet structure of a detention facility will require a SWFMA amendment. An O & M manual revision may be required. Revised configuration and calculations must be approved by Stormwater Development Services. The following shall be included in a checklist and on the plans: • Pond Bottom Elevation: • Depth of pond (ft): • Pond side slopes (lV:?H): • Length and width of pond at top bank • Length and width of pond at pond bottom • Width (ft) and slope of maintenance access road/pad: • Fully developed ultimate 100-year WSEL in pond: • Pond volume at ultimate 100-year WSEL (ft3): • Depth of sediment requiring removal (10% of pond volume elevation): • Pond orifice diameter and orifice flowline: • (if there are multiple orifices/weirs, write the parameters of all) • Pre-developed/existing 100 Year condition (cfs) generated by site: • Pond release rate (cfs) at fully developed Ultimate 100 yr WSEL: • Pond Freeboard Elevation: • Bottom Width of Emergency Spillway: • Pond emergency spillway bottom elevation: • Emergency spillway 100 yr flow elevation: • Freeboard elevation of Emergency Spillway • (6" above spillway 100 yr elevation): Capacity of emergency Spillway (cfs): • Pond inlet pipe diameter(s), if any: • Pond outlet pipe diameter(s) and slope: • Inlet flowline of Pond Outlet Pipe: Bottom width (min 6') and slope of pilot channel: Dry Detention Facility A dry detention pond/basin is a storage basin designed to provide water quantity control through detention of Stormwater runoff. The purpose of detention is to allow some of the water to exfiltrate into the ground and the remainder of the water to release slowly over a period of time to reduce downstream water quantity impacts. Dry detention basins are designed to completely drain following a storm event and are normally dry between rain events. They provide limited pollutant removal benefits and are not intended for water quality treatment alone. Scope and Responsibilities All Stormwater Facilities that serve a land Development shall be privately constructed and owned, and maintenance shall be the responsibility of the Owner, except as specifically approved in writing by the Director of Transportation and Public Works. The "Landowner" or "Association" listed on the Stormwater Facility Maintenance Agreement is responsible for facility operation and maintenance. The facility operation requires funding for future monitoring and maintenance costs so the facility functions as designed though the life of the facility. The total annual cost for facility maintenance is estimated to be about 2% City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 102 to 5% of the construction cost of the facility, associated structures, and landscape. The "Landowner" or "Association" are solely responsible for funding all monitoring and maintenance costs. The City will inspect facilities to enforce compliance with the Stormwater Facility Maintenance Agreement, but the City will not be responsible for operation and maintenance of the Facility. Reporting and Record Retention A written report shall be kept of maintenance actions and inspections. At a minimum the report shall document the condition of the entire Stormwater Facility, its berms, outlet structure, pond areas, access roads, and ancillary components. Components of the Stormwater Facility which need maintenance or replacement to perform their design function shall be noted in the inspection report along with the corrective actions taken. The written reports shall be maintained by the "Landowner" or "Association" and submitted yearly to the City. Annual reports shall be submitted to: City of Fort Worth Stormwater Management 200 Texas Street Fort Worth, TX 76102 Written records regarding the facility operation and maintenance shall be maintained in proper order and available for the City review at any time. Upon or prior to the transfer of the ownership of a Stormwater Facility by any method other than heirship, Owner shall transfer a copy of monthly logs to new Owner. Facility Construction, Maintenance, and Inspection When City staff finds deficiency in the operation and maintenance of the facility, the city, its authorized agents and employees, may, with written mailed or hand delivered notice to the Owner, enter the property on which the Stormwater Facility is located to inspect the Stormwater Facility. The City shall provide the Owner with a copy of the inspection findings and a directive to commence with any repairs, if necessary. Noted deficiencies that are not corrected within the times specified in the City directive will result in fines. In the event the owner fails to commence with repairs or provide adequate maintenance of the Stormwater Facility the city, its authorized agents and employees, may, but has no obligation to, enter upon the Stormwater Facility and (i) take whatever steps necessary to correct deficiencies identified in the inspection report and (ii) make necessary repairs or perform necessary maintenance. The city shall charge the costs of such repairs to the owner. In the event that the owner fails to pay the city the amount demanded by the city, the city shall impress a lien for the costs of such work upon the property owned by Owner. General Maintenance Procedures The structural and functional integrity of the Facility shall be maintained at all times by removing and preventing drainage interference, obstructions, blockages, or other adverse effects into, through, or out of the system. Routine maintenance should be performed on dry detention basins to ensure that the facility is properly functioning. In the event of snow, check to make sure that the materials used to de-ice the surrounding areas stay out of the practice to avoid clogging and further pollution. Note that it might take longer for the water to infiltrate into the ground during the winter months and early spring. If the dry detention basin is not draining properly, check for clogging of the outflow/outlet structures. Typical inspection activities and repair/removal schedule are list below. The items listed below may require more frequent inspection and maintenance during the first year of facility service. A maintenance checklist is included in Exhibit D. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 103 Table 3.22 dry Detention Pond Inspection, Maintenance, & Repair Activity Inspection Schedule Removal/Repair Schedule Remove litter, debris, and Inspect facility for nuisance items Remove nuisance items promptly either unwanted vegetation from facility weekly and after storm events during inspection or before next rainfall equal to or greater than 0.5". event. Monitor standing water and Inspect facility for standing water Determine and address cause of mosquito activity weekly and after storm events standing water. Remove standing water equal to or greater than 0.5". promptly either during inspection or within 24-48 hours of inspection. Mow side slopes to limit unwanted Mow monthly between April to Remove clippings immediately after vegetation -- REMOVE October or when vegetation mowing. CLIPPINGS FROM FACILITY exceeds 12" in height. Monitor and remove sediment Monitor sediment monthly and Sediment depth should be noted on buildup after storm events equal to or monthly inspection checklist. When greater than 0.5". Remove removal depth is reached, remove sediment at depth specified by buildup promptly, prior to next inspection Engineer in Exhibit B cycle or before next rainfall event, whichever will come first. Remove litter, debris, and Inspect contributing basin for Remove nuisance items promptly either unwanted vegetation from nuisance items weekly and after during inspection or before next rainfall contributing basin to minimize storm events producing 0.5" or event. outlet clogging and improve greater. aesthetics Repair and revegetate undercut Inspect for undercut/eroded areas Repair promptly, prior to next inspection and/or eroded areas. monthly and after storm events cycle or before next rainfall event, equal to or greater than 0.5". whichever will come first. Seed or sod to restore dead or Inspect for dead/damaged ground Repair promptly, prior to next inspection damaged ground cover cover monthly and after storm cycle 'or before next rainfall event, events equal to or greater than whichever will come first. Inspect for damage to the Inspect monthly and after storm Repair promptly, prior to next inspection embankments, berm, access event equal to or greaterthan 0.5". cycle or before next rainfall event, ramp, outlet control whichever will come first. Perform structural repairs to inlets Inspect inlets and outlets for Repair promptly, prior to next inspection and outlets structural defects monthly and cycle or before next rainfall event, after storm events equal to or whichever will come first. reater than 0.5". Ensure that inlet and outlet Inspect weekly and after storm Repair promptly, prior to next inspection devices are free of debris and events equal to or greater than cycle or before next rainfall event. o erational. 0.511. Storm drain inspection Yearly visual inspection at joints, Repair storm drain when sink holes form, CCTV every 15 years to confirm when sagging, cracks, leaks, corrosion, system integrity or blocksa impact storm drain function City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 104 3.8.5.2 Underground Stormwater Detention Facilities: Mote: Modifications affecting the storage capacity and/or outlet structure of a detention facility will require a SWFMA amendment. An O & M manual revision may be required. Revised configuration and calculations must be approved by Stormwater Development Services. The following items shall be on the checklist and construction plans: • Facility Bottom Elevation: Depth of facility (ft) • Depth of base stone (ft) • Depth of top stone (ft) • Length and width of facility • Fully developed ultimate 100-year WSEL in pond: • Pond volume at ultimate 100-year WSEL (ft3): • Depth of sediment requiring removal Facility orifice diameter and orifice flowline: • (if there are multiple orifices/weirs, write the parameters of all) Facility outlet pipe diameter(s) and slope: • Pre-developedlexisting 100 Year condition (cfs) generated by site: • Facility release rate (cfs) at fully developed Ultimate 100 yr WSEL: • Facility Freeboard Elevation: Overflow/Emergency Outlet elevation: • Capacity of emergency Overflow/Emergency outlet (cfs): • Facility inlet pipe diameter(s) Underground Facility Underground detention is detention storage located in underground tanks or vaults designed to provide water quantity control through temporary storage of stormwater runoff. In addition they can improve water quality by removing heavy amounts of sediment. Scope and Responsibilities All Stormwater Facilities that serve a land Development shall be privately constructed and owned, and maintenance shall be the responsibility of the Owner, except as specifically approved in writing by the Director of Transportation and Public Works. The "Landowner" or "Association" listed on the Stormwater Facility Maintenance Agreement is responsible for facility operation and maintenance. The facility operation requires funding for future monitoring and maintenance costs so the facility functions as designed though the life of the facility. The total annual cost for facility maintenance is estimated to be between $1,000 and $1,500 depending on the size of the facility. The "Landowner" or "Association" are solely responsible for funding. The City will inspect facilities to enforce compliance with the Stormwater Facility Maintenance Agreement, but the City will not be responsible for operation and maintenance of the Facility. Reporting and Record Retention A written monthly report shall be kept of maintenance actions and inspections. At a minimum the report shall document the condition of the entire Stormwater Facility, its berms, outlet structure, pond areas, access roads, and ancillary components. Components of the Stormwater Facility which need maintenance or replacement to perform their design function shall be noted in the inspection report along with the corrective actions taken. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 105 The written monthly reports shall be maintained by the "Landowner" or "Association" and submitted yearly to the City. Annual reports shall be submitted to: City of Fort Worth Stormwater Management 200 Texas Street Fort Worth, TX 76102 Written records regarding the facility operation and maintenance shall be maintained in proper order and available for the City review at any time. Upon or prior to the transfer of the ownership of a Stormwater Facility by any method other than heirship, Owner shall transfer a copy of monthly logs to new Owner. Facility Construction, Maintenance, and Inspection When City staff finds deficiency in the operation and maintenance of the facility, the city, its authorized agents and employees, may, with written mailed or hand delivered notice to the Owner, enter the property on which the Stormwater Facility is located to inspect the Stormwater Facility. The City shall provide the Owner with a copy of the inspection findings and a directive to commence with any repairs, if necessary. Noted deficiencies that are not corrected within the times specified in the City directive will result in fines. In the event the owner fails to commence with repairs or provide adequate maintenance of the Stormwater Facility the city, its authorized agents and employees, may, but has no obligation to, enter upon the Stormwater Facility and (i) take whatever steps necessary to correct deficiencies identified in the inspection report and (ii) make necessary repairs or perform necessary maintenance. The city shall charge the costs of such repairs to the owner. In the event that the owner fails to pay the city the amount demanded by the city, the city shall impress a lien for the costs of such work upon the property owned by Owner. General Maintenance Procedures The structural and functional integrity of the Facility shall be maintained at all times by removing and preventing drainage interference, obstructions, blockages, or other adverse effects into, through, or out of the system. Routine maintenance should be performed on the underground detention facilities to ensure that the facility is properly functioning. Routine maintenance includes the removal of debris from inlet and outlet structures and cleaning sediment built up inside the structure. Inspection and maintenance may be difficult for an underground system, but generally these underground systems can be inspected by looking in an access opening. Sometimes maintenance requires an individual who is certified in OSHA confined space entry. In a situation where safety concerns arises, the inspection should stop and the safety concern addressed. Once the concern is addressed, the inspection can continue. Once site construction is complete the underground facility must be thoroughly cleaned and inspected prior to service. Facility inspection and maintenance should follow manufacturers guidelines and develop/adjust a site specific O&M plan for the underground detention once in normal service. Typical inspection activities and repair/removal schedule are list below. The items listed below may require more frequent inspection and maintenance during the first year of facility service. A maintenance checklist is included in Exhibit D. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 106 Table 3.23 Underground Detention Inspection, Maintenance, & Repairs Activity Inspection Schedule Removal/Repair Schedule Remove litter, debris, and Inspect contributing basin for Remove nuisance items promptly unwanted vegetation from nuisance items weekly and after either during inspection or before contributing basin to minimize storm events producing 0.5" or next rainfall event. outlet clogging and improve greater. aesthetics Remove any trash/debris in the Inspect semi-annually for Remove nuisance items in the underground trash racks, vaults or trash/debris in the facility (min 2x facility promptly either during tanks. per year) inspection or before next rainfall event. Clean underground detention if Treat hazardous or foreign hazardous or foreign substances substances spills per OSHA are spilled in the contributing guidelines. Clean facility per drainage area Manufacturer guidelines. Contaminated material must be disposed of per OSHA guidelines and shall not be discharged into the receiving system Perform structural repairs to inlet Inspect inlets and outlets for Repair promptly, prior to next and outlets. structural defects monthly and inspection cycle or before next after storm events equal to or rainfall event, whichever will come reater than 0.5". first. Monitor sediment buildup Monitor sediment monthly and Sediment depth should be noted after storm events equal to or on monthly inspection checklist. greater than 0.5". Remove When removal depth is reached, sediment when depth of sediment remove buildup promptly, prior to measures 3" next inspection cycle or before next rainfall event, whichever will come first. Clean out underground detentions Monitor sediment monthly and Vacuum maintenance is with vacuum or boom trucks. after storm events equal to or recommended if sediment has greater than 0.5". Remove been collected to an average sediment when depth of sediment depth of 3" measures 3" Ensure that inlet and outlet Inspect weekly and after storm Repair promptly, prior to next devices are free of debris and events equal to or greater than inspection cycle or before next operational. 0.5". rainfall event. Storm drain inspection Yearly visual inspection at joints, Repair storm drain when sink CCTV every 15 years to confirm holes form, when sagging, cracks, system integrity leaks, corrosion, or blockage impact storm drain function City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 107 3.9 Stormwater Control Selection 3.9.1 Control Screening Process Outlined below is a screening process for structural stormwater controls that can effectively treat the water quality volume, as well as provide water quantity control. This process is intended to assist the site designer and design engineer in the selection of the most appropriate structural controls for a Development site and to provide guidance on factors to consider in their location. This information is also contained in the iSWM Technical Manual — Site Development Controls section. The following four criteria shall be evaluated in order to select the appropriate structural control(s) or group of controls for a Development: • Stormwater treatment suitability • Water quality performance • Site applicability • Implementation considerations In addition, the following factors shall be considered for a given site and any specific design criteria or restrictions need to be evaluated: Physiographic factors Soils Special watershed or stream considerations Finally, environmental regulations shall be considered as they may influence the location of a structural control on site or may require a permit. The following steps provide a selection process for comparing and evaluating various structural stormwater controls using a screening matrix and a list of location and permitting factors. These tools are provided to assist the design engineer in selecting the subset of structural controls that will meet the stormwater management and design objectives for a Development site or project. Step 1 Overall Applicability The following are the details of the various screening categories and individual characteristics used to evaluate the structural controls. Table 3.24 - Stormwater Management Suitability The first category in the matrix examines the capability of each structural control option to provide water quality treatment, downstream streambank protection, and flood control. A blank entry means that the structural control cannot or is not typically used to meet an integrated Focus Area. This does not necessarily mean that it should be eliminated from consideration, but rather it is a reminder that more than one structural control may be needed at a site (e.g., a bioretention area used in conjunction with dry detention storage). Ability to treat the Water Quality Volume (WQv): This indicates whether a structural control provides treatment of the water quality volume (WQv). The presence of "P" or "S" indicates whether the control is a Primary or Secondary control, respectively, for meeting the TSS reduction goal. Ability to provide Streambank Protection (SPv): This indicates whether the structural control can be used to provide the extended detention of the streambank protection volume (SPv). The presence of a "P" indicates that the structural control can be used to meet SPv requirements. An "S indicates that the structural control may be sized to provide streambank protection in certain situations, for instance on small sites. Ability to provide Flood Control (00) This indicates whether a structural control can be used to meet the flood control criteria. The presence of a "P" indicates that the structural control can be used to provide peak reduction of the flood mitigation storm event. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 108 Table 3.25 - Relative Water Quality Performance The second category of the matrix provides an overview of the pollutant removal performance for each structural control option when designed, constructed, and maintained according to the criteria and specifications in this manual. • Ability to provide TSS and Sediment Removal: This column indicates the capability of a structural control to remove sediment in runoff. All of the Primary structural controls are presumed to remove 70% to 80% of the average annual TSS load in typical urban proposed runoff (and a proportional removal of other pollutants). • Ability to provide Nutrient Treatment This column indicates the capability of a structural control to remove the nutrients nitrogen and phosphorus in runoff, which may be of particular concern with certain downstream receiving waters. • Ability to provide Bacteria Removal: This column indicates the capability of a structural control to remove bacteria in runoff. This capability may be of particular concern when meeting regulatory water quality criteria under the Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) program. • Ability to accept Hotspot Runoff: This last column indicates the capability of a structural control to treat runoff from designated hotspots. Hotspots are land uses or activities that produce higher concentrations of trace metals, hydrocarbons, or other priority pollutants. Examples of hotspots might include: gas stations, convenience stores, marinas, public works storage areas, garbage transfer facilities, material storage sites, vehicle service and maintenance areas, commercial nurseries, vehicle washing/steam cleaning, landfills, construction sites, industrial sites, industrial rooftops, and auto salvage or recycling facilities. A check mark indicates that the structural control may be used on hotspot site. However, it may have specific design restrictions. Please see the specific design criteria of the structural control for more details in the Site Development Controls Technical Manual. Local jurisdictions may have other site uses that they designate as hotspots. Therefore, their criteria shall be checked by the design engineer as well. Table 3.26 - Site Applicability The third category of the matrix provides an overview of the specific site conditions or criteria that must be met for a particular structural control to be suitable. In some cases, these values are recommended values or limits and can be exceeded or reduced with proper design or depending on specific circumstances. Please see the specific criteria section of the structural control for more details. • Drainage Area: This column indicates the approximate minimum or maximum drainage area considered suitable for the structural control practice. If the drainage area present at a site is slightly greater than the maximum allowable drainage area for a practice, some leeway can be permitted if more than one practice can be installed. The minimum drainage areas indicated for ponds and wetlands shall not be considered inflexible limits and may be increased or decreased depending on water availability (baseflow or groundwater), the mechanisms employed to prevent outlet clogging, or design variations used to maintain a permanent pool (e.g., liners). • Space Required (Space Consumed): This comparative index expresses how much space a structural control typically consumes at a site in terms of the approximate area required as a percentage of the impervious area draining to the control. • Slope: This column evaluates the effect of slope on the structural control practice. Specifically, the slope restrictions refer to how fiat the area where the facility is installed must be and/or how steep the contributing drainage area or flow length can be. • Minimum Head: This column provides an estimate of the minimum elevation difference needed at a site (from the inflow to the outflow) to allow for gravity operation within the structural control. • Water Table: This column indicates the minimum depth to the seasonally high water table from the bottom or floor of a structural control. Table 3.27 - Implementation Considerations The fourth category in the matrix provides additional considerations for the applicability of each structural control option. Residential Subdivision Use: This column identifies whether or not a structural control is suitable for single family residential subdivision development (not including high -density or ultra -urban areas). City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 109 Ultra -Urban: This column identifies those structural controls appropriate for use in very high -density (ultra -urban) areas, or areas where space is a premium. Construction Cost. The structural controls are ranked according to their relative construction cost per impervious acre treated, as determined from cost surveys. Maintenance: This column assesses the relative maintenance effort needed for a structural stormwater control, in terms of three criteria: frequency of scheduled maintenance, chronic maintenance problems (such as clogging), and reported failure rates. All structural controls require routine inspection and maintenance by the property owner. The Site Development Controls iSWM Technical Manual contains an exhaustive discussion and detailed examples of stormwater controls that can be implemented in land Development to meet the goals of protecting water quality, minimizing streambank erosion, and reducing flood volumes. It is an excellent planning and design resource document and has valuable design examples that the City encourages local Developers to consider in their site planning. Although it is primarily oriented toward water quality issues, these stormwater controls bring additional and valuable benefits for flood control and streambank protection. Many of the listed stormwater control features and techniques enhance the aesthetics and value of land Developments, as well as providing a drainage function. The City of Fort Worth is currently requiring streambank protection, conveyance and flood control components of the integrated stormwater management approach. However, the Stormwater Control Selection (Section 3.9) of applicable features may be applied in local Developments and Redevelopments. The City does not mandate the use of any of these stormwater controls, but recognizes the inherent values of their application in overall stormwater management. Therefore, the City adopts for design guidance and technical reference sections of the iSWM Technical Manual. There are, however, no City requirements for achieving Stormwater Quality (WQv) or Channel Protection (SPv) volumes. Stormwater utility fee credits may be available for design practices meeting these standards. See Appendix F for detailed information. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 110 Table 3.24 Stormwater Treatment Suitability Category integrated Stormwater°Controls " 'Stormwater Treatment Suitabili Water Quality, ., Protection , Streambank •protection On -Site Flvod Control Downstream FIood Control' Bioretention Areas Bioretention Areas P S S - Channels Enhanced Swales P S S S Channels, Grass S S P S Channels, Open - - P S Chemical Treatment Alum Treatment System P - - - Conveyance System Components Culverts - - P P Energy Dissipation - P S S Inlets/Street Gutters - - P - Pipe Systems - P P P Detention Detention, Dry S P P P Detention, Extended Dry S P P P Detention, Multi -purpose Areas - P P P Detention, Underground - P P P Filtration Filter Strips S - - - Organic Filters P - - - Planter Boxes P - - - Sand Filters, SurfacelPerimeter P S - - Sand Filters, Underground P - - - Hydrodynamic Devices Gravity (Oil -Grit) Separator S - - - infiltration Downspout Drywell P - - - Infiltration Trenches P S - - Soakage Trenches P S - - Ponds Wet Pond P P P P Wet ED Pond P P P P Micropool ED Pond P P P P Multiple Ponds P P P P Porous Surfaces Green Roof P S - - Modular Porous Paver Systems S S - - Porous Concrete S S - - Proprietary Systems Proprietary Systems' SIP S S S Re -Use Rain Barrels P - - - Wetlands Wetlands, Stormwater P P P P Wetlands, Submerged Gravel P P S - P = Primary Control: Able to meet design criterion if properly designed, constructed and maintained. S = Secondary Control: May partially meet design criteria. May be a Primary Control but designated as a Secondary due to other considerations. For Water Quality Protection, recommended for limited use in accepted community -designated areas. = Not typically used or able to meet design criterion, 1 = The application and performance of propriety commercial devices and systems must be provided by the manufacturer and shall be verified by independent third -party sources and data if used as a primary control. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual ill Table 3.26 Water Quality Performance Category integrated Stormwater Controls Water Quality -Performance` ` TSSI Sediment Removal -Rate Nutrient Removal Rate (TPITN) Bacteria Removal Rate Hotspot Application Bioretention Areas Bioretention Areas 80% 60%/50% - ❑ Enhanced Swales 80% 25%140% - ❑ Channels Channels, Grass 50% 25%/20% - Channels, Open - - - Chemical Treatment Alum Treatment System 90% 80%160% 90% ❑ Culverts - - - Conveyance System Components Energy Dissipation - - - Inlets/Street Gutters - - - Pipe Systems - - - Detention, Dry 66% 50%130% 70% ❑ Detention, Extended Dry 65% 50%/30% 70% ❑ Detention Detention, Mu[ti-purpose Areas - - - Detention, Underground - - - Filter Strips 50% 20%120% - Filtration Organic Filters 80% 60%140% 50% ❑ Planter Boxes 80% 60%/40% - Sand Filters, Surface/Perimeter 80% 50%/25% 40% ❑ Sand Filters, Underground 80% 50%/25% 40% ❑ Hydrodynamic Devices Gravity (Oil -Grit) Separator 40% 5%15% - Infiltration Downspout Drywell 80% 60%160% 90% Infiltration Trenches 80% 60%/60% 90% Soakage Trenches 80% 60%/60% 90% Ponds Wet Pond 80% 50%130% 70% ❑ Wet ED Pond 80% 50%130% 70% ❑ Micropool ED Pond 80% 50%/30% 70% ❑ Multiple Ponds 80% 50%130% 70% ❑ Green Roof 85% 95%/16% - ❑ Porous Surfaces Modular Porous Paver Systems 2 80%180% - Porous Concrete 2 50%/650o - Proprietary Systems Proprietary Systems 1 1 1 1 Re -Use Rain Barrels - - - Wetlands, Stormwater 80% 40%130% 70% ❑ Wetlands Wetlands, Submerged Gravel 80% 40%/30% 70% ❑ ❑ = Meets suitability criteria. - = Not typically used or able to meet design criterion. i = The application and performance of proprietary commercial devices and systems must be provided by the manufacturer and shall be verified by independent third -party sources and data if used as a primary control. 2 = Porous surfaces provide water quality benefits by reducing the effective impervious area. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 112 Table 3.26 Site Applicability Site Applicability Drainage Space ReWd,' o { /o of ;Minimum Head` Depth to ' Cate o integrated 'Stormwater, 9 ry Controls Area (acres) tributary imp. Site Slope Required Water Table Bioretention Areas Bioretention Areas 5 max3 5-7% 6% max 5 ft 2 ft Enhanced Swales 1 ft Below WT Channels Channels, Grass 5 max 10-20% 4% max Channels Open Chemical Alum Treatment System 25 min None Culverts Conveyance Energy Dissipation System Components Inlets/Street Gutters Pipe Systems Detention, Dry 2-3% 15%pond across 6 to 8 ft 2 ft Detention, Extended Dry 2-3% 15% across pon1% 6 to 8 ft 2 ft Detention for Parking Detention, Multi -purpose Lot; Areas 200 max 0.25 in/ft for Roofto Detention, Underground 200 max Filter Strips 2 max3 20-25% 2-6% Organic Filters 10 max3 2-3% 5 to 8 ft Planter Boxes 6% Filtration Sand Filters, 10 max3 1 2-3% 6% max 5 ft per 2-3 ft 2 ft Surface/Perimeter 2 max3 Sand Filters, 5 max None Hydrodynamic Gravity (Oil -Grit) 1 max3 None Devices Separator Downspout Drywell Infiltration Trenches 5 max 2-3% 6% max 1 ft O ft Infiltration Soakage Trenches 5 max 27 ft per 1000 6% max 1 ft 4 ft ft2 imp. area Wet Pond 2 ft, if Wet ED Pond 25 min3 2-3% 15% max 6 t 8 ft hotspot or Ponds Micropool ED Pond 10 min3 aquifer Multiple Ponds 25 min3 Green Roof Porous Modular Porous Paver 5 max Varies Surfaces Systems Porous Concrete 5 max Varies Proprietary Systems Proprietary Systems 1 1 1 Re -Use I Rain Barrels City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 113 3to5ft 2ft,if Wetlands, Stormwater 25 min (shallow) 6hotspot or Wetlands 3-5% 8% max to g ft (pond) aquifer Wetlands, Submerged 5 min 2 to 3 ft Below WT Gravel - = Not typically used or able to meet design criterion. 1 = The application and performance of proprietary commercial devices and systems must be provided by the manufacturer and shall be verified by independent third -party sources and data if used as a primary control. 2 = Porous surfaces provide water quality benefits by reducing the effective impervious area. 3 = Drainage area can be larger in some instances. Table 3.27 Implementation Considerations Category integrated Stormwater Controls Implemertation Considerations Residential Subdivision High Density/Ultra Capital Cost Maintenance Burden Bioretention Bioretention Areas ❑ ❑ Moderate Low Enhanced Swales ❑ High Low Channels Channels, Grass ❑ Low Moderate Channels, Open ❑ Low Low Chemical Alum Treatment System ❑ ❑ High High Conveyance System Culverts ❑ ❑ Low Low Energy Dissipation ❑ ❑ Low Low Components Inlets/Street Gutters ❑ ❑ Low Low Pipe Systems ❑ ❑ Low Low Detention Detention, Dry ❑ Low Moderate to High Detention, Extended Dry ❑ Low Moderate to High Detention, Multi-purpos Areas ❑ ❑ Low Low Detention Underground ❑ Moderate Filter Strips ❑ —High Low Moderate Organic Filters ❑ High High Filtration Planter Boxes ❑ Low Moderate Sand Filters, ❑ High High Sand Filters, Underground ❑ High High Hydrodynamic Devices Gravity (Oil -Grit) Separator ❑ High High Downspout Drywell ❑ ❑ Low Moderate Infiltration Infiltration Trenches ❑ ❑ High High Soakage Trenches ❑ ❑ High High Ponds Wet Pond ❑ Low Low Wet ED Pond ❑ Low Low Micropool ED Pond ❑ Low Moderate Multiple Ponds ❑ Low Low Green Roof ❑ High High lsystprns Modular Porous Paver ❑ Moderate High City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 114 Porous Porous Concrete ❑ High Proprietary Proprietary Systems 1 1 -High ❑ High High Re -Use Rain Barrels ❑ ❑ Low High etlands Wetlands, Stormwater ❑ Moderate Moderate etlands, Submerged❑ Gravel ❑ Moderate High I ❑ = Meets suitability criteria = Not typically used or able to meet design criterion. 1 = The application and performance of proprietary commercial devices and systems must be provided by the manufacturer and shall be verified by independent third -party sources and data if used as a primary control. Step 2 Specific Criteria The last three categories in the Structural Control Screening matrix provide an overview of various specific design criteria and specifications, or exclusions for a structural control that may be present due to a site's general physiographic character, soils, or location in a watershed with special water resources considerations. Table 3.28 - Physiographic Factors Three key factors to consider are low -relief, high -relief, and karst terrain. In North Central Texas, low relief (very flat) areas are primarily located east of the Dallas metropolitan area. High relief (steep and hilly) areas are primarily located west of the Fort Worth metropolitan area. Karst and major carbonaceous rock areas are limited to portions of Palo Pinto, Erath, Hood, Johnson, and Somervell counties. Special geotechnical testing requirements may be needed in karst areas. The local reviewing authority shall be consulted to determine if a project is subject to terrain constraints. Low relief areas need special consideration because many structural controls require a hydraulic head to move stormwater runoff through the facility. High relief may limit the use of some structural controls that need flat or gently sloping areas to settle out sediment or to reduce velocities. In other cases, high relief may impact dam heights to the point that a structural control becomes infeasible. Karst terrain can limit the use of some structural controls as the infiltration of polluted waters directly into underground streams found in karst areas may be prohibited. In addition, ponding areas may not reliably hold water in karst areas. Table 3.29 - Soils The key evaluation factors are based on an initial investigation of the NRCS hydrologic soils groups at the site. Note that more detailed geotechnical tests are usually required for infiltration feasibility and during design to confirm permeability and other factors. The design of structural stormwater controls is fundamentally influenced by the nature of the downstream water body that will be receiving the stormwater discharge. In addition, the designer shall consult with the appropriate review authority to determine if their Development project is subject to additional structural control criteria as a result of an adopted local watershed plan or special provision. In some cases, higher pollutant removal or environmental performance is needed to fully protect aquatic resources and/or human health and safety within a particular watershed or receiving water. Therefore, special design criteria for a particular structural control or the exclusion of one or more controls may need to be considered within these watersheds or areas. Examples of important watershed factors to consider include: Table 3.30 - Special Watershed or Stream Considerations Nigh Quality Streams (Streams with a watershed impervious cover less than approximately 15%). These streams may also possess high quality cool water or warm water aquatic resources or endangered species. The design objectives are to maintain habitat quality through the same techniques used for cold -water streams, with the exception that stream warming is not as severe of a design constraint. These streams may also be specially designated by local authorities. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 115 Wellhead Protection: Areas that recharge existing public water supply wells present a unique management challenge. The key design constraint is to prevent possible groundwater contamination by preventing infiltration of hotspot runoff. At the same time, recharge of unpolluted stormwater is encouraged to maintain flow in streams and wells during dry weather. Reservoir or Drinking Water Protection: Watersheds that deliver surface runoff to a public water supply reservoir or impoundment are a special concern. Depending on the available treatment, a greater level of pollutant removal may be necessary for the pollutants of concern, such as bacteria pathogens, nutrients, sediment, or metals. One particular management concern for reservoirs is ensuring stormwater hotspots are adequately treated so they do not contaminate drinking water. 3.9.1.1 Step 3 Location and Permitting Considerations In the last step, a site designer assesses the physical and environmental features atthe site to determine the optimal location for the selected structural control or group of controls. Table 3.29 provides a condensed summary of current restrictions as they relate to common site features that may be regulated under local, state, or federal law. These restrictions fail into one of three general categories: Locating a structural control within an area when expressly prohibited by law Locating a structural control within an area that is strongly discouraged, and is only allowed on a case by case basis. Local, state, and/or federal permits shall be obtained, and the applicant will need to supply additional documentation to justify locating the stormwater control within the regulated area. Structural stormwater controls must be setback a fixed distance from a site feature. This checklist is only intended as a general guide to location and permitting requirements as they relate to siting of stormwater structural controls. Consultation with the appropriate regulatory agency is the best strategy. Table 3.28 Physiographic Factors Category integrated Stormwate controls Physiographic Factors Low Relief High Relief Karst Bioretention Areas Bioretention Areas Several design ariations will likely be limited by low Use poly -linear o impermeable membrane to sea Channels Enhanced Swales Generally feasible. However, slope <1% may lead t standing water in drygreater Often infeasible i slopes are 4% o Channels, Grass Channels, Open Chemical atmpnt Alum Treatment System Culverts Conveyance System Energy Dissipation Components Inlets/Street Gutters Pipe Systems Detention Detention, Dry Embankment heights restricted Require poly or clay liner, Max ponding depth, Geotechnica Detention, Extended Dry Detention, Multi -purpose Arpas Detention, Underground NOT ALLOWED Filter Strips Organic Filters City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 116 Planter Boxes Several design Use poly -linear o Filtration Sand Filters, variations will likely impermeable Surface/Perimeter be limited by low membrane to seal Sand Filters, Underaround Table 3.26 Physiographic Factors Category. integrated Stormwater COnftls Physiographic Factors` L.ow-Relief i High7Relief Karst Hydrodynamic Devices Gravity (Oil -Grit) Separator Infiltration Downspout Drywell Minimum distance to water table of 4 ft NOT ALLOWED Infiltration Trenches Minimum distance t water table of 2 ft Maximum slope of %; trenches must NOT ALLOWED Soakage Trenches Minimum distance to water table of 4 ft Maximum slope o %; trenches must NOT ALLOWED Ponds Wet Pond Limit maximum normal pool depth to about 4 ft (dugout) Providing pond drainheights can be problematic Embankment restricted Require poly or clay line Max ponding depth Geotechnical tests Net ED Pond Micropool ED Pond Multiple Ponds Porous Surfaces Green Roof Modular Porous Pave svqtpmq Porous Concrete Proprietary Proprietary Systems 1 Re -Else Rain Barrels Wetlands Wetlands, Stormwater Embankment heights restricted Require poly -line Geotechnical tests Wetlands, Submerged Gravel 1 = The application and performance of proprietary commercial devices and systems must be provided by the manufacturer and shall be verified by independent third -party sources and data if used as a primary control. Table 3.29 Soils Category, integrated Stormwater.Controls Soils Bioretention Areas Bioretention Areas Clay or silty soils may require pretreatment Enhanced Swales Channels Channels, Grass Channels, Open Chemical Trentmpnt Alum Treatment System Culverts Energy Dissipation City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 117 Conveyance Inlets/Street Gutters System Pipe Systems Detention Detention, Dry Underlying soils of hydrologic group "C" or "D" shall b adequate to maintain a permanent pool. Most group "A soils and some group "B" soils will require a pond liner. Detention, Extended Dry Table 3.29 Soils Category integrated Stormwater Controls Soils Detention, Multi -purpose Areas Detention, Underground Filter Strips Organic Filters Filtration Planter Boxes Type A or B Sand Filters, Surface/Perimeter Clay or silty soils may require pretreatment Sand Filters, Underground Hydrodynamic Devices Gravity (Oil -Grit) Separator Downspout Drywell Infiltration rate > 0.5 inchlhr Infiltration Infiltration Trenches Infiltration rate > 0.5 inchlhr Soakage Trenches Infiltration rate > 0.5 inchlhr Ponds Wet Pond `A" soils may require pond liner "B" soils may require infiltration testing Wet ED Pond Micropool ED Pond Multiple Ponds Porous Surfaces Green Roof Modular Porous Paver Systems Infiltration rate > 0.5 inchlhr Porous Concrete Proprietary Proprietary Systems 1 Re -Use Rain Barrels Wetlands Wetlands, Stormwater A" soils may require pond liner Wetlands, Submerged Gravel 1 = The application and performance of proprietary commercial devices and systems must be provided by the manufacturer and shall be verified by independent third -party sources and data if used as a primary control. Table 3.30 Special Watershed Considerations Category =- integrated Stormwate Controls pecia[`Watershed Considerations High Qualify Stream quiferProtection Reservoir Protection Bioretention Areas Bioretention Areas Evaluate fo stream warming Needs to be designed with no exfiltration (le. Enhanced Swales Hotspot runoff must b Hotspot runoff mus City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 118 Channels Channels, Grass Channels, Open Chemical Treatment lum Treatment System Conveyance Culverts System Components Energy Dissipation Inlets/Street Gutters Table 3.30 Special Watershed Considerations Category integrated Stormwater Contio[s SpecialaWatershed Considerations High Qual.1tyAquifer Stream Protection Reservoir,Protection Pipe Systems Detention Detention, Dry Detention, Extended Dry Detention, Multi -purpose Arpns Detention, Underground Filter Strips Organic Filters Filtration Planter Boxes Sand Filters, Surface/Perimeter Evaluate fo stream warming Needs to be designed with no exfiltration (ie. Sand Filters, Underground Hydrodynamic Devices Gravity (Oil -Grit) Separator Downspout Drywell Infiltration Infiltration Trenches Maintain safe distance from wells and waterfrorn able. No hotspot runoff Maintain safe distant bedrock and water table. Pretreat Soakage Trenches Ponds Wet Pond Evaluate forsoils stream warming May require liner if "A" are present Pretreat hotspots to 4 ft separation distance from water Wet ED Pond Micropool ED Pond Multiple Ponds Porous Surfaces Green Roof Modular Porous Pave Porous Concrete Proprietary Proprietary Systems 1 Re -Use Rain Barrels Wetlands Wetlands, Stormwater Evaluate folsoils stream warming May require liner if "A" are present Pretreat hotspots 2 to 4 ft separation istance from water Wetlands, Submerged Gravel City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 119 able 3.31 Location and Permitting Checklist Site Feature 'Location and Permitting Guidance, ' • Jurisdictional wetlands must be delineated prior to siting structural control. • Use of natural wetlands for stormwater quality treatment is contrary to the goals of the Clean Water Act and shall not be allowed. • Stormwater shall be treated prior to discharge into a natural wetland. urisdictional Wetland • Structural controls may also be restricted in local buffer zones. Buffer (Waters of the U.S) zones may be utilized as a non-structural filter strip (i.e., accept sheet U.S. Army flow). Corps of Engineers Regulatory • Shall justify that no practical upland treatment alternatives exist. Permit . Where practical, excess Stormwater flows shall be conveyed away from jurisdictional wetlands. • All Waters of the U.S. (streams, ponds, lakes, etc.) shall be delineated prior to design. • Use of any Waters of the U.S. for stormwater quality treatment is contrary to the goals of the Clean Water Act and shall be avoided. • Stormwater shall be treated prior to discharge into Waters of the U.S. Stream Channel • In -stream ponds for stormwater quality treatment are high) (Waters of the U.S) discouraged. U.S. Army 0 Must justify that no practical upland treatment alternatives exist. Corps of Engineers Section 404 . Temporary runoff storage preferred over permanent pools. Permit • Implement measures that reduce downstream warming. Conserve, preserve, protect, recharge, and prevent waste o Texas Commission on groundwater resources through Groundwater Conservation Districts Environmental Quality • Groundwater Conservation District pending for Middle Trinity. Groundwater Management . Detailed mapping available from Texas Alliance of Groundwater Areas Districts. • Specific stream and reservoir buffer requirements. • May be imperviousness limitations Texas Commission on • May be specific structural control requirements. Environmental Quality • TCEQ provides water quality certification — in conjunction with 40 Surface Water Quality permit Standards • Mitigation will be required for imparts to existing aquatic and terrestrial habitat. Table 3.31 Location and Permitting Checklist Site Feature Location and, Permittin ,Guidance City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 120 • Grading and fill for structural control construction is general) discouraged within the 100-year floodplain, as delineated by FEM flood insurance rate maps, FEMA flood boundary and floodway maps, 100-year Floodplain or more stringent local floodplain maps. Local Stormwater review • Floodplain fill cannot raise the floodplain water surface elevation b Authority more than limits set by the appropriate jurisdiction. Stream Buffer • Consult local authority for stormwater policy. Check with appropriate review • Structural controls are discouraged in the streamside zone (within 25 authority whether stream feet or more of streambank, depending on the specific regulations). Call appropriate agency to locate existing utilities prior to design. Utilities . Note the location of proposed utilities to serve Development. Local Review Authority • Structural controls are discouraged within utility easements or rights o way for public or private utilities. Consult TxDOT for any setback requirement from local roads. Roads Consult DOT for setbacks from State maintained roads. xDOT or DPW Approval must also be obtained for any stormwater discharges to a local or state-owned conveyance channel. • Consult local review authority for structural control setbacks from Structures structures. Local Review Authority Recommended setbacks for each structural control group are provided in the performance criteria in this manual. Consult local health authority. Septic Drain fields Recommended setback is a minimum of 50 feet from drain field edge or spray area. ater Wells 'I00-foot setback for stormwater infiltration. Local Health Authority 50-foot setback for all other structural controls. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 121 3.10 General Design Standards 3.10.1 Utilities General — In the design of a storm drainage system, the engineer is frequently confronted with the problem of crossings between the proposed storm drain and existing or proposed utilities such as water, gas and sanitary sewer lines. A minimum of two (2) feet of vertical clearance, and five (5) feet horizontal clearance, shall be provided between storm drain pipes and other public and private utilities. Clearance shall be measured outside of pipe to outside of pipe or conduit. If the utility separation required by another utility policy is greater, then the larger separation is required. Water Lines —AII existing water lines in the immediate vicinity of the proposed storm drains shall be clearly indicated on both the plan and profile sheets. When design indicates that an intersection of the storm drain line and the water main exists and the proposed storm drain cannot be economically relocated, then the existing water line shall be adjusted per Water Department specifications. A minimum of 2 feet vertical clearance shall be maintained, measured outside of pipe to outside of pipe. Sanitary Sewers —All existing or proposed sanitary sewers in the immediate vicinity of the proposed storm drains shall be clearly indicated on both plan and profile sheets. When design indicates an intersection of the storm drain line and the sanitary sewer, then either line shall be adjusted by relocation. If neither line can be economically relocated, then an alternative design may be considered, provided it is supported by hydraulic calculations and accepted by DSD and the Water Department. The alternative design may include a box section in the storm drain to go over or under the sanitary sewer, or a sanitary sewer crossing through the storm drain. If the latter is chosen, the crossing must be installed in a manhole or vault to provide both access and additional capacity. In either alternative, the sanitary sewer must be ductile iron pipe or other material accepted by the Water Department. All Other Utilities —All other utilities in the immediate vicinity of the proposed storm drain shall be clearly indicated on both the plan and profile sheets. Gas lines and other utilities not controlled by elevation shall be adjusted when the design indicates that an intersection of the storm drain line and the utility exists and the proposed storm drain cannot be economically relocated. 3.10.2 Headwalls, Culverts, and Other Structures For headwalls, culverts and other structures, standard details adopted by the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) shall be used. The appropriate detail sheets shall be included in any construction plans. Existing City standard headwalls may be used, provided that all slopes are modified to 4:1 or flatter. All headwalls and culverts shall be extended to or beyond the street right-of-way. TxDOT-accepted pedestrian rail shall be used for any headwall within ten (10) feet of a sidewalk or other normal pedestrian area. 3.10.3 Minimum Pipe Sizes Minimum pipe sizes are twenty-four (24) inch diameter for mains and twenty-one (21) inch diameter for inlet leads (laterals). Minimum sizes of conduits of other shapes shall have equivalent cross -sectional areas. Any storm drain line with two or more inlets shall be considered a main line. Reinforced concrete box (RCB) sections shall have a height to width ratio no greater than 1:1.5 for RCB that are 4 feet or less in height. For RCB with a height of 5 feet or greater, any industry standard RCB size height to width ratio is acceptable. For roadway cross drainage structures (culverts) that are less than 200 feet in length, RCB that is 4 feet high or greater does not have a height to width ratio requirement. 3.10.4 Pipe Size Changes Pipe collars or pre -fabricated transition sections shall be provided for all concrete pipe size changes. For polypropylene pipe, prefabricated transition sections or manholes shall be provided at pipe size changes. Pipe invert elevations shall be maintained at pipe size change locations. Manholes shall be provided at pipe size changes when invert elevation is not maintained. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 122 3.10.5 Pipe Connections and Curved Alignment Prefabricated wye and tee connections and other unusual configurations can usually be fabricated by the pipe manufacturer. Radial pipe can also be fabricated by the pipe manufacturer and shall be used through all curved alignments. When field connections or field radii must be used, all joints and gaps must be fully grouted to prevent voids and cave-ins caused by material washout into the storm drain. The City requires the installation of junction boxes at locations where new storm drain pipes are proposed to connect directly to existing storm drain pipes between existing access points, or at angles of greater than 600. 3.10.6 Inlets Inlets shall be used to drainage all curb and gutter streets (flumes are not allowed). All new curb inlets shall be ten (10), fifteen (15) or twenty (20) feet in length and shall have depressed openings. Recessed inlets shall be provided on roadways and thoroughfares that are identified on a MTP, and other four lane (two each direction) divided or undivided roadways. Locate inlets to avoid conflicts between the inlet and driveway by providing minimum of one (1) foot between the driveway return and inlet gutter transition. Standard inlet depth is 4.5 feet at the lateral line and 4.0 feet at the opposite end, with the bottom sloped to drain to the lateral line. Manhole steps shall be installed for any inlet over five (5) feet deep. Lateral lines shall be plumbed into the inlet at a manhole opening to expedite mechanical cleaning and inspection. Standard, or standard recessed inlets, are required. Type 2 inlets (box under pavement), or type 2 recessed inlets, shall only be used when there are existing utilities that cannot be relocated and conflict with the necessary location of a standard inlet. Drop inlets shall be minimum four (4) foot square and shall have manhole access and steps. Due to excessive clogging, grate inlets are not allowed on any public storm drain. Inlets shall be constructed per the standard details. 3.10.7 Streets To minimize standing water, the minimum street grade shall be 0.50%. Along a curve, this grade shall be measured along the outer gutter line. The minimum grade along a cul-de-sac or elbow gutter centerline shall be 0.70%. Elbows may be designed with a valley gutter along the normal outer gutter line, with 2% cross slope from curb to the valley gutter. The minimum grade for any valley gutter shall be 0.50%. Where a crest or sag on a residential street, a PVI shall be used instead of a vertical curve where the total gradient change is no more than 1.5% (A 5 1.5%) for a residential or collector street and no more than 1 % for an arterial street. 3.10.8 Flow in Driveways and Intersections At any intersection, only one street shall be crossed with surface drainage and this street shall be the lower classified street. Where an alley or street intersects a street, inlets shall be placed in the intersecting alley or street whenever the combination of flow down the alley or intersecting street would cause the capacity of the downstream street to be exceeded. Inlets shall be placed upstream from an intersection whenever possible. Surface drainage from a 5- year flood may not cross any street classified as a thoroughfare or collector. Not more than three (3.0 cfs) cubic feet per second in a conveyance storm may be discharged per driveway at a business, commercial, industrial, manufacturing, or school site. Where flume/curb cuts are used to meet the driveway discharge criteria, they shall not discharge more than 0.5 cfs per linear foot of flume width. Flumes shall not exceed 4 feet in width and be spaced no closer than the allowable driveway separation for the given street/roadway classification. In all cases, the downstream storm drainage system shall be adequate to collect and convey the flow, and inlets provide as required. The cumulative flows from existing driveways shall be considered and inlets provided as necessary where the flow exceeds the specified design capacity of the street. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 123 3.11 Easements, Plats, and Maintenance Agreements 3. 1 1. 1 Easements Easements are required for all drainage systems that convey stormwater runoff across a Development and must include sufficient area for operation and maintenance of the drainage system. Types of easements to be used include: • Drainage easements shall be required for both on -site and off -site public stormwater drainage improvements, including standard engineered channels, storm drain systems, detention and retention facilities and other stormwater controls (Public Water). The Developer shall obtain downstream drainage easements until Adequate Outfall is determined. Drainage easements shall include a five (5) foot margin on both sides beyond actual top of bank for improved earthen channels. Retaining walls are not permitted within or adjacent to a drainage or floodplain easement in a residential area in order to reduce the easement width. Retaining walls adjacent to the channel are allowed in non-residential areas only if the property owner provides an agreement for private maintenance. • Easement encroachments that may interfere with maintenance or operation of a facility are not allowed. Structures are not allowed to encroach in an easement or the air space above. An executed encroachment agreement is required for any private improvements that encroach on a drainage easement, such as trees, fences, and private utility crossings and connections. • Retaining walls are not permitted to cross a drainage easement. If a drainage easement is bounded longitudinally by a retaining wall then a minimum five (5) additional feet of easement width shall be provided. Retaining walls shall be designed to allow for excavation and replacement of the storm drain facility without causing structural instability of the wall; documentation sealed by a structural engineer shall be provided. • Floodplain easements shall be provided on sites along natural or improved drainageways (other than standard engineered channels to be maintained by the City) to encompass the fully developed 100- year floodplain plus a ten (10) foot buffer on both sides. The buffer shall be part of the floodplain easement itself and not a separate easement. Floodplain easements are not routinely maintained by the City. Retaining walls are not permitted within or adjacent to a floodplain easement in order to reduce the easement width. • Natural creeks shall have a dedicated floodplain easement containing the inundation area of a 100- year frequency storm based on fully developed conditions, plus a ten (10) foot buffer horizontally adjacent to the inundation area (both sides of creek). The minimum finished floor elevation for lots impacted by natural creeks shall be a minimum of two (2) feet above the 100-year fully developed water surface elevation. In addition, a riparian area along the creek may be placed in a drainage easement for perpetual, limited maintenance by the City, subject to the approval of the City and an agreement to preserve natural conditions and habitat within the riparian area. • Concrete -Lined Channels and Gabion-Lined Channels shall have drainage easements dedicated to meet the requirements of the width of the channel, the one (1) foot freeboard, access easement and the fence. • Temporary drainage easements are not accepted in the City. • Private drainage easements, not dedicated to the City, are required for private stormwater drainage improvements (no public runoff), including private detention ponds and storm drains that drain runoff from more than one lot or for stormwater controls on a property. No Development shall prevent another from draining to an outfall, or storm drain system, that was intended to serve upstream Development. Private storm drain facilities, including private drainage easements, shall be extended to ensure that all existing and planned areas may drain to the intended outfall (defined by design plans or drains studies). Private drainage easements shall be sized using the same criteria as public drainage easements. • Access easements small be provided for access to public stormwater drainage improvements where necessary for maintenance. • Dam easements shall be provided to encompass any proposed dams (including any dams already existing) and spillway structures. The 100-year water surface of any impounded lake shall be covered by a floodplain easement as described above. Dams and spillways shall comply with applicable City policy and state regulations. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 124 • No construction shall be allowed within a floodplain easement without the written approval (floodplain permit) of the City of Fort Worth flood plain administrator or designee, and then only after detailed engineering plans and studies,show that no increased flooding will result, and that no obstruction to the natural flow of water will result. • In certain circumstances where detention is in place or a master drainage plan has been adopted, a Development may plan to receive less than fully developed flow conditions from upstream with the approval of the DSD. • Any parallel utility easements must be separate and outside of drainage easements for channels, detention ponds and roadside ditches. • Easements for stormwater controls, including detention basins, sediment traps and retention ponds, shall 'be negotiated between the City and the Property Owner, but will normally include essential access to all embankment areas and inlet and outlet controls. Essential access is defined as access in at least one location. • The entire reach or each section of any drainage facility must be readily accessible to maintenance equipment. Additional easement(s) shall be required at the access point(s) and the access points shall be appropriately designed to restrict access by the public (including motorcycles). • Drainage easements for structural overflows, swales, or berms shall be of sufficient width to encompass the structure or graded area and shall not be less than 15 feet in width. • Easement Encroachments from structures shall be limited to: awnings and similar overhang architectural features that can be quickly and easily removed and elevated at 22 feet above the ground. Minimum easement width requirements for storm drain pipe are shown in Table 3.30 and shall be as follows: Drainages easements shall be centered on storm drain pipe. The outside face of the proposed storm drain line shall be placed a minimum of five (5) feet off either edge of the storm drain easement. The proposed centerline of overflow swales should coincide with the centerline of the easement. • A minimum of five (5) additional feet shall be dedicated when shared with other City owned utilities. Utility easements for franchise utilities shall be separate and outside of drainage easements. • Box culvert minimum easement width shall be determined using Table 3.30 based on an equivalent box culvert width to pipe diameter. • For parallel storm drain systems with a combined width greater than eight (8) feet the minimum easement shall be equal to the width of the parallel storm drain system plus twenty (20) additional feet. • Drainage easements shall extend at least twenty-five (25) feet past an outfall headwall to provide an area for maintenance operations. Drainage easements along a required outfall channel or ditch shall be provided until the flowline reaches an Adequate Outfall. Storm drain centerline shall not be on property line, and shall be aligned so that the easement is not divided by a property line. Table 3.32 Closed Conduit Easements 'Pipe Size Minimum Easement Width Required 39" and under 15 Feet 42" through 54" 20 Feet 60" through 66" 25 Feet 72" through 102" 30 Feet Box culverts and arch pipes shall have an easement width equal to the width of the box or arch plus twenty (20) additional feet. The edge of the box shall be located five (5) feet from either edge of the easement. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 125 Drainage easements shall encompass .the entire width of an overflow flume plus five (5) feet on each side. For an easement containing both a concrete flume and a storm drain, the wider of the two easement criteria shall control. • Alternatively, a drainage right -of way or HOA lot (not part of any adjacent lot) may be dedicated for the width of the flume provided that an additional easement is dedicated for any storm drain pipe to meet the total width requirements specified above. • Drainage easements in a Single -Family Residential subdivision shall be located within an HOA open space lot. • Additional easement width shall be provided when the top of the pipe is more than 5 feet below the existing or proposed top of ground (whichever is higher). The easement shall be a minimum 2 feet wider for each additional foot of depth beyond 5 feet. 3.11.2 Plats All platting shall follow established Development standards for the City. Plats shall include information such as drainage easement width and location and minimum finish floor elevations that will be filed with the plat. A final plat shall include, but not be limited to, the following items: 1. All existing and proposed public and private drainage easements, including those recorded by separate instrument 2. Easements to be recorded by separate instrument shall be documented on the plat, labelled, and include a recorded document number. 3. Minimum finished floor elevations shall be 2' above the 100 yearfully developed condition and shall be shown on plat. 4. Labelled with the100 year fully developed inundation limits referencing the accepted study. 5. All floodplain easements 6. City Flood Risk Areas (CFRA) shall be delineated on plats. An easement would not be required for mapped and adopted CFRA. 7. FEMA SFHA delineation effective at the time of plat submission to the City 8. Legal disclosure for drainage provisions upon sale or transfer of property 9. Documentation of maintenance responsibilities and agreements including transfer of responsibility upon sale of the property 10. Floodplain easements and drainage easements that contain an open channel shall be platted as either parks or HOA open space lots to assure long term maintenance. 11. Drainage easements shall be platted within an open space lot, designated as a X lot, and maintained by a home owners association or property owners association. 12. Preliminary and final plats shall incorporate adjacent floodplain, open channel, drainage easement, creeks, or natural flow paths. These features shall not be "out platted". The plat area shall extend to at least the centerline of the flow path, and may extend beyond to incorporate the entire feature or planned open space lot. 13. Standard notes and reference to accepted Drainage Study and Flood Study. 14. Driveway culvert table (if the subdivision has a rural street section), see driveway culvert criteria for more details. Where plat notes reference a requirement to provide a Preliminary SWMP and Final SWMP, then the project shall require an accepted Drainage Study and issued Grading Permit before issuance of a building permit. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 126 3.11.3 Maintenance Agreements All drainage improvements constructed within a Development and any existing or natural drainage systems to remain in use shall require a maintenance agreement that identifies responsible parties for maintenance. Both private and public maintenance responsibility shall be defined and documented in the agreement. The maintenance agreement shall be written such that it remains in force upon sale or transfer of the property. A Stormwater Facility Maintenance Agreement (SWFMA) must be prepared by the engineer for each stormwater control that will not be wholly maintained by the City, as part of the Operations and Maintenance Plan submittal. This agreement must outline both preventive maintenance tasks as well as major repairs, identify the schedule for each task, assign clear roles to affected parties, and provide a maintenance checklist to guide future owners, including an annual self -inspection to be provided to the City. Multiple stormwater controls may be contained within a single Stormwater Facility Maintenance Agreement. When areas are identified for detention also serve the Development as a parking lot, truck court or loading dock then the requirement for a SWFMA may be waived. Redevelopment of such a design shall provide equivalent detention and detain back to an undeveloped peak discharge. 3.11.3.1 City Maintenance The City will provide for perpetual maintenance, in accordance with adopted city maintenance standards, of all public drainage facilities located within dedicated easements, and designed and constructed to the City standards. In addition, limited perpetual maintenance may be provided by the City for riparian areas placed in a drainage or other types of easement preserved in their natural state, subject to the approval of the City. Access shall be provided and dedicated by the Developer to all public stormwater facilities in Developments for maintenance and inspection by the City. All facilities shall be provided with access that meets the needs of the equipment used to perform maintenance activities. 3.11.3.2 Private Maintenance (SWFMA Required) • Private drainage facilities include those drainage improvements which are located on private property and which handle only private water. • Private drainage facilities may also include detention or retention ponds, dams, retaining walls adjacent to channels in nonresidential areas, and other stormwater controls which collect public water, as well as drainageways not constructed to City standards but which convey public water. Such facilities must be designed in accordance with sound engineering practices and reviewed and inspected by the City. • An agreement for perpetual maintenance of private drainage facilities serving public or private water shall be executed with the City and recorded with the County. This agreement shall run with the land and can be tied to commercial or non single family residential property, or to an owner's association, but not to individual single family residential lots. • Access shall be provided by the Developer /owner to all private drainage facilities. • A SWFMA shall be required for all mitigation and water quality devices; including those water quality devices and facilities required as a condition of Tarrant Regional Water District (TRWD) approval. • A SWFMA shall be recorded before approval of a final plat for single family residential developments. A SWFMA shall be recorded before issuance of a building permit (all development types). 3.11.3.3 Maintenance Agreement Requirements Details of the agreement must be set forth in a series of exhibits: 1. Exhibit Legal Description -This includes the Metes and Bounds, a Surveyor's Drawing of the area occupied by the facility, and a copy of the preliminary or final plat containing the facility. 2. Exhibit B Design Plan and Specifications -these are summary documents intended for the use of future owners in conducting routine maintenance, inspections and repairs. a. Design Data and Calculations -This can be in the form of a letter or statement from the engineer which summarizes critical design calculations related to the functionality of the facility such as storage volume or TSS removal, and attest to the facility conforming to applicable City Stormwater Criteria or iSWM standards. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 127 b. Schematic Plan -This shall be prepared by the engineer from construction drawings to show the general layout of the facility. Major features requiring regular or special maintenance shall be shown and labeled in general terms understandable to a layman. A profile shall be given showing critical elevations that control the function and capacity of the facility, and one or more cross -sections shall be provided to indicate the general grading of the facility. A typical example of a schematic plan for a simple detention basin is shown in Figure 3.18. c. Details — detail drawings shall be provided for the outlet control structure(s), flumes, weirs, and all other structures associated with the facility. d. Landscaping -Vegetation shall be shown consistent with the accepted Landscape Plan, either on the Schematic Plan or as a separate drawing. 3. Exhibit C Operations and Maintenance Plan -Specific maintenance tasks shall be defined for each element of the facility. Maintenance tasks specific to the facility shall be described in simple terms consistent with nomenclature contained in the Schematic and Landscape plans. An inspection and maintenance frequency shall be established for each task. 4. Exhibit D Maintenance Checklist -A checklist consistent with the Operations and Maintenance Plan shall be provided for the use of future owners in performing routine and special maintenance tasks. This list shall describe work required and frequency in language that is easy to understand and specific for the facility to be maintained. This form will be completed by the Owner and submitted to the City annually as part of a regular self -inspection program. See Inspection Checklist for Simple Detention Basin Form CFW-6 for an example checklist for a simple detention basin. In some cases, this example checklist can be used as is and included in Exhibit D. Additional guidance for facility maintenance is provided in the iSWM Technical Manual, for several types of stormwater controls. The engineer must certify that the construction has been completed in accordance with the general plans and Schematic Plan. After approval of construction by the City, an engineer is expected to provide guidance to the owner's representative in implementing the accepted maintenance program and to co-sign the first annual inspection after the construction. A checklist for preparing a Stormwater Facility Maintenance Agreement is provided by the City and shall be completed and submitted with the SWFMA application. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 128 EL. = 700 B 7a0 E c6— 698 fist A I 6ss Q�C0 q t � � co � � CR EL. = 696 695.5 � L. = 695,9 N 10.0' 16.0.` 66.5' 16:0' 20A' 696 698 697 EL. = 699 E I I 699 •- II � 700 OaQ CD10.0' i I—jMQ 700 I I�•N 699 698 697 EL. = 698.8 696 695 EL. = 695.32 EL.. = 695.28 B .PLAN VIEW N.T.S. 101-0° i 0'-00 EL. = 700 100 Yr. WSEL = 699.0 EL. = 700 1 4 1.0% 1 1 4 EL. = 696 EL. = 696 EL. = 695.9 SECTION A A- EL. = 695.6 EL. = 695 N.T.S. 90`-00 EL = 700 EL = 698.8 EL. = 699 100 Yr. WSEL=,699.0 1 4 — 1.0% - 1 EL = 700 3S LF CF L. = 695.5 EL. = 696 24° RCP SD EL = 695 @ o.fi__; SECTION B-B EL. = 695.8 N.T.S. Figure 3.18 Typical Detention Pond Exhibit B — Example City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 129 3.12 Plan and Document Preparation Requirements Plans and documents submitted for review by the Infrastructure Plan Review Center or for a Grading Permit shall include, but not be limited to, the following: Cover sheet, Genera[ Requirements and Drafting Standards: • All cover sheets for Developer projects shall comply with the current version of the cover sheet template promulgated by the City's Infrastructure Plan Review Center (IPRC). • For Developer projects, the current version of the title block promulgated by the City's Infrastructure Plan Review Center (IPRC) shall be used. • Full size drawings shall be submitted on 22" x 34" for both paper and electronic submissions. • A copy of the recorded (or proposed) Final Plat or Draft Horizontal Control Plan of the project area must be included in the construction plans for Developer projects. • Contact Information -- Contact information for the City Project Manager; DigTess electric, gas, and communication utilities shall be included in the City Standard General Notes as set forth in the City's Standard Construction Specifications and Details. Telephone numbers for any other entities affected by the project, including but not limited to the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) or a railroad company must be included in the General Notes. • Fort Worth standard symbols and abbreviations must be used in construction plans. Refer to Section 8.3 (Water and Wastewater Main Plan and Profile Sheet Requirements) and Section 8.4 (Standard Abbreviations) for standard abbreviation and drafting symbols. • All construction plans shall be submitted in black ink. Colored construction plans are not allowed. General Plan View, Design & Layout: • All construction plans shall be sealed by a Professional Engineer licensed by the State of Texas • Label existing, proposed, and future utilities and/or provide line type legend • Existing contours and existing features shall be dashed or other utility line type and shaded back • Proposed contours and proposed features shall be of a solid or other utility line type and bold • Existing contours must extend a minimum of 20' outside project boundary or to an appropriate tie-in • Provide and label existing file numbers for existing storm drain infrastructure. File numbers to be obtained from existing infrastructure plans. • Show and label proposed drainage infrastructure in plan and profile view consistent with calculations • Retaining walls are not permitted in public right of way, drainage easements (unless approved via an encroachment agreement), or floodplain easements • Retaining walls adjacent to public facilities (ROW, easements) must be designed to TX DOT standard and included in the IRPC or private plan set • Add relevant notes as supplied by staff based on submitted plans such as erosion control notes or return to existing grade notes. Grading and Drainage Plan & Profile: • Show and label temporary or interim controls needed for phasing of storm drain systems for phased subdivisions such as temporary outfall channels, temporary headwalls, and temporary drop inlets. • Storm line mains/channels must be presented in plan and profile view on the same sheet • Storm laterals can be presented on one overall sheet • Plan view horizontal scale must be 1"=40', vertical scale V=4' • When water or sewer mains or laterals cross storm drains, a minimum clearance of 2 feet as measured from the outside diameter of each pipe shall be maintained. • Water and sanitary laterals may not be located directly under inlet or junction boxes. A minimum of two (2) feet of horizontal clearance is required between laterals and outer edge of boxrunction • All easements for a channel must include the entire depth of the channel and 5' beyond top of bank on both sides City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 130 • Private storm infrastructure must be labeled or otherwise denoted as private • Pipe profiles shall include pipe size, length, slope, flow line elevations, and 100-year HGL shown and labeled, headwater and tailwater shown and labeled for culverts, design frequency, headwall/end section callout, flow rate and velocity specified • Channel profiles shall include lining type, existing and proposed centerline, proposed right and left top of bank, slope and 100-year water surface elevation, design flow, and velocity. Outfall details, drop structures, and energy dissipaters, shall be labeled and construction details shall be provided. The source of starting tailwater shall be stated on hydraulic tables. Hydraulic grade lines for plans, profiles and tables must be consistent at all locations. • Upstream and offslte bypass for the current phase of Development shall be accounted for in the bypass column of hydraulic tables. • Channel cross section(s) must be provided to show compliance with minimum channel requirements per Section 3.8.4 • Provide cross section for roads and alleys with relevant calculations (flow, velocity, depth, n, etc.) • Grade to drain callouts are not acceptable Label top of curb elevations along street and around cul-de-sacs/elbows • Finish pad elevations must be shown to document minimum finish floor elevation compliance with section 3.11 (min 2' above 100 year fully developed water surface) • Show directional flow arrow on lots • Label each lot grading type on the lot or provide a chart indicating the lot grading type • Lot grading type detail(s) shall be provided • Phased lot grading must be designed such that new construction will not increase runoff to existing homes • Superelevation or pavement warping may not be used in lieu of inlets at low points. • Flumes in lieu of inlets are not permitted, inlets shall be used to drain streets. Floodplain, Easements, & Labels: Delineate and label floodplain and floodplain easement on all civil plan sheets. Floodplain label shall include a reference to the Floodplain Development permit number, Flood study number for FEMA floodplains, or SWM number for non -regulatory floodplains. Finish pad elevations must be shown to document minimum finish floor elevation compliance with Section 3.11 (min 2' above 100 year fully developed water surface) Retaining walls are not permitted in public right of way, drainage easements (unless a waiver is approved in conjunction with an encroachment agreement), or floodplain easements. Erosion & Sediment Control Plan: • Existing and proposed contours with labels and flow arrows must be shown on the erosion control plan • Existing and proposed storm infrastructure must be shown on Erosion Control Plans • City genera[ Erosion Control Notes shall be added to the City Notes sheet • A legend showing Erosion and Sediment Control measures must be provided • The SWPPP location near the construction exit must be shown and labeled. • A silt fence must be located at the toe of graded slopes • Limits of disturbance, including off -site areas that will be disturbed and natural features to be protected within the disturbed areas, must be shown on the plan sheet • Location, details, and notes for erosion controls must be provided • Location, details, and notes for waste controls (toilets, demolition material, and other potential sources of pollution) must be shown on the plan sheet. • BMP Design Calculations for erosion, sediment, and waste controls must be shown on the plan sheet • Inspection and maintenance notes must be provided on the plan sheet. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manua[ 131 Sequence of BMP installation based on sequence of construction phases must be provided on the plan sheet. • Schedule and phasing of temporary and permanent stabilization on different area of the site must be shown on the plan sheet. • Temporary structures that will be converted into permanent stormwater controls must be shown on the plan sheet. • Sites draining 10 or more acres must use sediment traps or ponds • Top soils must be banked on site. If top soils are not banked on site, then comments describing the provisions being made for soil amendments must be included on the plan sheet. • All plan sheets must be prepared by an engineer • All erosion and sediment control plans must comply with Chapter 4 of this Manual Drainage Area Maps: • Project boundaries must be shown. • Topography must be shown with 1 or 2 foot contour intervals. For areas more than one square mile, 5 or 10 foot contour intervals must be used. • The map must be labeled with USDA hydrologic soil types or a separate soils map must be provided • Perennial or intermittent stream centerlines must be shown. • FEMA floodplains, studied floodplains, floodp[ain easements and open channels must be delineated on the map. • Locations of wetlands, damns and impoundments must be shown. • Roads, buildings and other impervious areas must be shown on the map. • Locations and size major utility lines and easements must be shown on the map. • Location, size, and City File Number for existing stormwater conveyance systems such as storm drains, inlets, catch basins, channels, swales, and areas of overland flow must be shown on the map. • Locations and dimensions of channels, bridges, or culvert crossings must be shown on the map. • Delineation of watershed boundaries with flow arrows must be shown on the map. • Offsite drainage areas must be delineated on the map. • Time of concentration calculations for each area and lag time calculations for hydrograph methods must be shown on the map. • The longest flow path for each drainage area must be shown on the map. • A computation table showing drainage areas, runoff coefficients or curve numbers, time of concentration or lag times, rainfall intensities and peak discharges for the 1, 5, and 100-year storms, for existing, proposed and ultimate conditions must be shown. The collection design point for each drainage area must also be shown • The location of all site outfalls or where runoff leaves the site must be shown • Zoning and land use must be shown on the map. • Changes to watershed boundaries must be identified on the map. • Composite calculations for runoff coefficients or curve numbers must be shown on the map. • The entire Zone of Influence must be delineated. • Downstream constrictions with runoff controls must be shown. • Drainage area maps for existing, proposed and ultimate conditions must be provided. When the project is a multi -phase project, an overall drainage area map with all phases labeled must be provided. • Proposed stormwater facilities with private maintenance (including private storm drains) must be provided. If detention is proposed, the volume required must be shown • Drainage area map basin labels shall be consistent with hydrologic and hydraulic calculations tables • Basins must be identified using an icon with the ID code and Area (flow rate may also be included) City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 132 to — ARLA DRAINAGE AREA la I.00 ice'ACRES Construction Details • All detail sheets provided in the construction plan set shall be comprised of at least one detail and a maximum of eight details to ensure that the details are not too small and all details are legible. This is dependent on the orientation and size of each detail. • Provide only applicable details in accordance with the City Standard Construction Details related to the project. • A backfill, embedment and surface detail assembly for all storm drain mains and laterals to be constructed shall be provided on the construction plans. Provide a customized and engineered (sealed) construction detail for any non-standard installations such as specialized junction structures, or otherfeatures that the City does not provide a standard detail for. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 133 4 Stormwater Construction Criteria This chapter presents an integrated approach for reducing the impact of stormwater runoff from construction activities on downstream natural resources and properties. The purpose is to provide design criteria for temporary controls during construction that protect water quality by: Preventing soil erosion; Capturing sediment on -site when preventing erosion is not feasible due to construction activities; and Controlling construction materials and wastes to prevent contamination of stormwater. Temporary controls to protect water quality are known as Best Management Practices (BMPs). The design of the BMPs is to be coordinated with and done at the same time as the Drainage Study and Construction Plans. Construction BMPs complement and work with the site grading and drainage infrastructure. Erosion Control BMPs are designed to minimize the area of land disturbance and to protect disturbed soils from erosion. Protection can be accomplished by diverting stormwater away from the disturbed area or by stabilizing the disturbed soil. Erosion control BMPs are most important on disturbed slopes and channels where the potential for erosion is greatest. The design of erosion control BMPs must be coordinated with related grading, drainage and landscaping elements. (e.g. channel armoring, velocity dissipaters, etc.) Sediment Control BMPs are temporary structures or devices that capture soil transported by stormwater. The BMPs are designed to function effectively with the site drainage patterns and infrastructure. An effective design ensures that the sediment control BMPs do not divert flow or flood adjacent properties and structures. Some types of permanent drainage structures, such as retention basins, can also be designed to function as a sediment control BMP during construction. Material and Waste Control BMPs prevent construction materials and wastes from coming into contact with and being transported by stormwater. These BMPs consist of a combination of notes to direct contractors and temporary construction controls. The iSWM Construction Criteria are the minimum requirements for temporary controls during construction and are adopted and incorporated herein by reference. The state permit and requirements for stormwater discharges associated with construction activities must also be followed. More information on state requirements is provided in Section 4.2, 4.1 Applicability The City has established requirements for controlling construction runoff for all land disturbance activities, even where there is less than 1.0 acre of disturbed surface. Construction activities shall comply with the SWPPP requirements in the effective TPDES General permit relating to Stormwater Discharges from Construction Activities, of the Stormwater Pollution Control Ordinance and the appropriate federal (Environmental Protection Agency) and state (Texas Commission on Environmental Quality) regulations. When the ordinance and applicable regulations are in conflict, the most stringent requirements shall apply. See Appendix D (Sediment and Erosion Control Guidelines for Small Sites). 4.2 Introduction The City requires the use of temporary controls during construction to prevent or reduce the discharge of sediment and other pollutants from the construction site. The temporary controls are known as Best Management Practices (BMPs). BMPs may be activities, prohibitions, maintenance procedures, structural controls, operating procedures and other measures to prevent erosion and control the discharge of sediment and other pollutants. Construction BMPs fall into three general categories: Erosion Control, Sediment Control, and Material and Waste Control. The first category prevents erosion, and the second catches soil from erosion that does occur. It is generally more effective and less expensive to prevent erosion than to treat turbid runoff. Material and waste controls are for other sources of stormwater pollutants on a construction site. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 134 The following priorities shall be applied to the selection of construction BMPs: • Retain native topsoil and natural vegetation in an undisturbed state by incorporating natural drainage features and buffer areas into the site design. Limit the area of disturbance and vehicle access to the site. • Limit the extent of clearing operations and phase construction operations to minimize the area disturbed at any one time. • Stabilize disturbed areas as soon as possible (not at the end of construction), particularly in channels and on cuttfill slopes. • Minimize the disturbance of steep slopes during construction, and minimize slope length and steepness. • Coordinate stream crossings and minimize the construction of temporary stream crossings. • Provide sediment controls, including but not limited to perimeter controls, where stormwater discharges will occur from disturbed areas. • Prevent tracking of sediment off -site through the establishment of stabilized construction entrances and exits. • Control sediment and other contaminants from dewatering activities. • Control discharges of construction materials and wastes. 4.2.1.1 State Requirements In addition to the City requirements outlined in this chapter, land disturbing activities must comply with the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) requirements under General Permit Number TXR150000, commonly referred to as the "Construction General Permit." This permit contains requirements for a Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP), state and local notifications, and installation, maintenance, and inspection of best management practices on construction sites. The Water Quality Technical Manual contains information for preparing a SWPPP. However, compliance with the Construction General Permit is beyond the scope of this Manual and is the sole responsibility of the construction site operator(s). 4.3 Criteria for BMPs during Construction The Erosion Control Plan shall include the following: • Topography. • Limits of all areas to be disturbed by construction activity, including off -site staging areas, utility lines, batch plants, and spoil/borrow areas. • Location and types of erosion control, sediment control, and material and waste control BMPs; • Construction details and notes for erosion control, sediment control, and material and waste control BMPs. • Inspections and maintenance notes. • All items listed in Section 3.12 BMPs and notes shall be provided for all the elements listed in this Section, unless site conditions render an element not applicable. BMPs shall be selected and designed according to the technical criteria in the Construction Controls Technical Manual. Site data gathered and analyzed in Step 1 of the integrated Development Process shall be the basis for selecting BMPs. The minimum design storm for temporary BMPs is the 2-year, 24-hour duration storm event. Design calculations for all BMPs shall be included in the construction plans. Plans for temporary BMPs shall be prepared by a Certified Professional in Erosion and Sediment Control (CPESC), a licensed Professional Engineer or registered Landscape Architect in the State of Texas who has documented experience in hydrology and hydraulics and erosion and sediment control. It is the responsibility of the engineer to design appropriate BMP's for each site. If the most appropriate BMP is not in the NCTCOG BMP Manual, the engineer shall submit calculations and references for design of the BMP to City. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 135 4.3.1 Erosion Controls Erosion control is first line of defense and the primary means of preventing stormwater pollution. They shall be designed to retain soil in place and to minimize the amount of sediment that has to be removed from stormwater runoff by other types of BMPs. Fact Sheets for different types of Erosion Control BMPs are in the iSWM Technical Manual. 4.3.1.1 Limits of Disturbance On the iSWM Construction Plans, clearly show the limits of the area to be disturbed and the area in acres draining to each outfall. Design Criteria: • Minimize the disturbance of steep slopes. • Constrain the disturbed area to the minimum necessary to construct the project. + Include the contractor's staging area, borrow/spoil area, utilities and any other areas on or off site that will be disturbed in support of the construction activity. • Specify construction fencing or similar protective measures to prevent disturbance of natural drainage features, trees, vegetative buffers and other existing features to be preserved. 4.3.1.2 Slope Protection Slope protection shall be provided for disturbed or cut/fill slopes that are one vertical on three horizontal (3H:1V) or steeper, fifty (50) feet in length or longer, or on highly erodible soils. Show the location and type of BMPs to be used on the plans. Design Criteria: • Where feasible, add notes that prohibit disturbing the slope until final site grading. • Where a stabilized discharge point is available, provide temporary berms or swales to direct stormwater away from the slope until the slope is stabilized. • Check dams shall be used within swales that are cut down a slope. • Temporary terraces, vegetated strips or equivalent linear controls shall be specified at regular intervals to break-up slopes longer than fifty (50) feet until the slope is stabilized. • Specify final stabilization measures to be initiated within 14 days of completing work on the slope. • Hydromulch is prohibited for slope stabilization unless the slope is one vertical on five horizontal (5H:1V) or less. 4.3.1.3 Channel Protection Show the location and type of BMPs used to prevent the erosion of channels, drainage ways, streambanks, and outfalls until permanent structures and final stabilization measures are installed. Design Criteria: • Provide temporary energy dissipaters at discharge points. • If final channel stabilization consists of vegetation, anchored erosion control blankets, turf reinforcement mats, or an equivalent BMP that is resistant to channel flow shall be installed until the vegetation is established. • If the BMPs include check dams, velocity dissipaters or other structures that extend into the channel, the BMPs shall be designed by a licensed engineer to function under the flow conditions produced by the design storm. The engineer shall verify that the BMPs will not divert flow or cause flooding of adjacent properties and structures. • Specify final stabilization measures to be initiated within 14 days of completing work on the channel. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 136 4.3.1.4 Temporary Stabilization Portions of a site that have been disturbed but where no work will occur for more than 21 days shall be temporarily stabilized as soon as possible, and no later than 14 days from cessation of work, except when precluded by seasonal and conditions or prolonged drought. Temporary stabilization shall consist of providing a protective cover, without large bare areas, that is designed to reduce erosion on disturbed areas. Temporary stabilization may be achieved using the following BMP's: temporary seeding, soil retention blankets, fibrous mulches, hydra -mulches and other techniques that cover 100% of the disturbed areas until final stabilization can be achieved or until further construction activities take place. Design Criteria: • Stabilization measures shall be appropriate for the time of year, site conditions, and estimated duration of use. • Stabilization BMPs shall be provided for soil stockpiles. 4.3.1.5 Final Stabilization Final stabilization practices shall be specified for disturbed areas that are not covered by buildings, pavement or other permanent structures upon completion of construction. Final stabilization measures shall be coordinated with the site's landscaping plan. Design Criteria: • Final stabilization shall be specified to start within fourteen days of completing soil disturbing activities. • if space is available, top soil shall be stockpiled during construction and distributed onto the surface of disturbed areas prior to final stabilization. • If top soil has not been stockpiled, soil amendments (compost, fertilizer, etc.) shall be specified with the final stabilization measures. • Final stabilization measures must provide a perennial vegetative cover with a uniform density of 70% of the native background vegetative cover or equivalent permanent measures (riprap, gabion, or geotextiles). • Hydra -mulch will not be allowed in vegetated swales, channels or other drainage ways. BMPs may remain in place during stabilization; however, BMPs shall be removed after stabilization is achieved. The plan for final stabilization shall be coordinated with the permanent BMPs in the SWPPP and with the landscaping plan, if applicable. • Include notes requiring temporary BMPs be removed within 30 days of establishing final stabilization. • A Notice of Termination (NOT) must be filed in accordance with the TCEQ TPDBS General Permit TXR15000, usually within 30 days after final stabilization of operational control. All parties that submitted a NO[ shall submit a NOT within 30 days after final stabilization is established. When the owner of a residential subdivision transfers ownership of individual lots to builders before final stabilization is achieved, the SWPPP shall include controls for each individual lot in lieu of final stabilization. These controls shall consist of stabilization of the right-of-way and placement of structural BMPs at the low point of each individual lot or equivalent measures to retain soil on each lot during construction. Additionally, the builder must submit a valid NOI before or NOT can be submitted by the owner. 4.3.2 Sediment Controls Sediment control BMPs shall be designed to capture sediment on the site when preventing erosion is not feasible due to on -going construction activity. Sediment control BMPs and their locations shall be designed to change with the different phases of construction as site conditions and drainage patterns change. Sediment controls for the initial phase of construction shall be installed before any site disturbing activities begin. Fact Sheets for different types of Sediment Control BMPs are in Section 3.0 of the Construction Controls Technical Manual. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 137 4.3.2.1 Sediment Barriers Sediment barriers may be linear controls (silt fence, compost socks, sediment logs, wattles, etc.), check dams, berms, sediment basins, sediment traps, active treatment systems and other structural BMPs designed to capture sediment suspended in stormwater. Design Criteria: • Sediment barriers shall be designed to treat the volume of runoff from the design storm. • Sediment barriers are not required for areas of the site that are undisturbed. • If linear controls are used as the only sediment barrier for a project, the linear control shall be provided at a rate of 100 linearfeet per quarter -acre of disturbed area. A series of linear controls may be needed throughout the site and are not limited to the perimeter. • Linear controls shall not be used across areas of concentrated flow, such as drainage ditches, swales and outfalls. • A sediment basin shall be provided where stormwater runoff from 10 acres or more of disturbed area flows to a common drainage location, unless a basin is infeasible due to site conditions or public safety. The basin shall be designed for the volume of runoff from the total area contributing (on -site and off - site) to the common drainage location, not just the volume from the disturbed portion of the contributing area. Stormwater diversion BMPs may be used to divert stormwater from upslope areas away from and around the disturbed area to minimize the design volume of the sediment basin. • Both existing topography and graded topography shall be evaluated when determining if 10 acres or more discharges to a common location. • if a sediment basin is infeasible on a site of 10 acres or more, a series of smaller sediment traps and/or linear controls shall be provided throughout the site to provide an equivalent level of protection. • Permanent detention and retention basins may be used as a sediment basin during construction if all sediment is removed upon completion of construction. 4.3.2.2 Perimeter Controls A linear BMP shall be provided at all down slope boundaries of the construction activity and side slope boundaries where stormwater runoff may leave the site. Linear sediment barriers may be used to satisfy the requirement for perimeter controls. 4.3.2.3 Storm Drain Inlet Protection Storm drain inlet protection shall not be used as a primary sediment control BMP unless all other primary controls are infeasible due to site configuration or the type of construction activity. Inlet protection is intended to be a last line of defense in the event of a temporary failure of other sediment controls. Design Criteria: • The operator will be expected to diligently monitor storm conditions and to remove inlet protection when there is a risk of flooding. • Inlet protection shall only be specified for low point inlets where positive overflow is provided. • Drainage patterns shall be evaluated to ensure inlet protection will not divert flow or flood the roadway or adjacent properties and structures. 4.3.2.4 Construction Access Controls BMPs shall be provided to prevent off -site vehicle tracking of soil and pollutants. Design Criteria: Limit site access to one route during construction, two routes are allowed for linear projects. Design the access point(s) to be at the upslope side of the construction site. Do not place the construction access at the lowest point on the construction site. Specify rock stabilization or an equivalent BMP for all access points. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 138 Include notes requiring soil tracked onto public roads be removed at a frequency that minimizes site impacts and prior to the next rain event, if feasible. Using water to wash sediment from streets is prohibited. 4.3.2.5 Dewatering Controls Water pumped from foundations, vaults, trenches and other low areas shall be discharged through a BMP ortreated to remove suspended soil and other pollutants before the water leaves the site. The plans shall include notes that prohibit discharging the water directly into flumes, storm drains, creeks or other drainage ways. Where state or local discharge permit requirements exist for the pollutant(s) suspected of being in the water, the plan shall include the discharge permit conditions. 4.3.3 Material and Waste Controls Notes shall be placed on the iSWM Construction Plan for the proper handling and storage of materials and wastes that can be transported by stormwater. At a minimum, notes shall be provided for the materials and wastes in Table 4.1. Additional notes and BMPs shall be provided if other potential pollutants are expected to be on -site. Construction details shall be provided when necessary to ensure proper installation of a material or waste BMP. All material and waste sources shall be located a minimum of fifty (50) feet away from inlets, swales, drainage ways, channels and waters of the U.S., if the site configuration provides sufficient space to do so. In no case shall material and waste sources be closer than twenty (20) feet from inlets, swales, drainage ways, channels and waters of the U.S. City of Port Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 139 Table 4.1 Requirements for Materials and Wastes Material or Requireritents Waste Sanitary Sanitary facilities shall be provided on the site, and their location shall be shown on the iSWM Facilities Construction Plan. The facilities shall be regularly serviced at the frequency recommended by the supplier for the number of people using the facility. Trash and Show the location of trash and debris storage on the iSWM Construction Plan. Store all trash Debris and debris in covered bins or other enclosures. Trash and debris shall be removed from the site at regular intervals. Containers shall not be allowed to overflow. The amount of chemicals and hazardous materials stored on -site shall be minimized and limited to the materials necessary for the current phase of construction. Chemicals and hazardous materials shall be stored in their original, manufacturer's containers inside of a Chemicals shelter that prevents contact with rainfall and runoff. Hazardous material storage shall be in and accordance with all Federal, state and local laws and regulations. Storage locations shall have Hazardous appropriate placards and secondary containment equivalent to 110% of the largest container Materials in storage. If an earthen pit or berm is used for secondary containment, it shall be lined with plastic. Containers shall be kept closed except when materials are added or removed. Materials shall be dispensed using drip pans or within a lined, bermed area or using other spillloverflow protection measures. On -site fuel tanks shall be provided with a secondary enclosure equivalent to 110% of the Fuel Tanks tank's volume. If the enclosure is an earthen pit or berm, the area shall be lined with plastic. Show the location of fuel tanks and their secondary containment on the iSWM Construction Plan. An area shall be designated on the iSWM Construction Plan for concrete wash -out. A pit or Concrete bermed area, lined with plastic, or an equivalent containment measure shall be provided for Wash -out concrete wash -out water. The containment shall be a minimum of 6 C>= for every 10 CY of Water concrete placed plus a one (1) foot freeboard. The discharge of wash -out water to drainage ways or storm drain infrastructure shall be prohibited. Hyper -chlorinated water shall not be discharged to the environment unless the chlorine Hyper- concentration is reduced to 4 ppm or less by chemically treating to dechlorinate or by on- site chlorinated retention until natural attenuation occurs. Natural attenuation may be aided by aeration. Water Water from with measurable chlorine concentration of less than 4 ppm is prohibited from being discharged Water Line directly to surface water. It shall be discharged onto vegetation or through a conveyance Disinfection system for further attenuation of the chlorine before it reaches surface water. Alternatively, permission from the sanitary sewer operator may be obtained to discharge directly to the sanitary sewer. Vehicle/Equip Vehicle and equipment washing is prohibited on the site unless a lined basin is provided to ment Wash capture 100% of the wash water. The wash water may be allowed to evaporate or hauled -off Water for disposal. Lime or other chemical stabilizers shall be limited to the amount that can be mixed and Soil compacted by the end of each working day. Stabilizers shall be applied at rates that result in Stabilizers no runoff. Stabilization shall not occur immediately before and during rainfall events. Soil stabilizers stored on -site shall be considered a hazardous material and shall meet all the requirements for chemicals and hazardous materials. Concrete Slurry from concrete cutting shall be vacuumed or otherwise recovered and not be allowed to Saw -cutting discharge from the site. If the pavement to be cut is near a storm drain inlet, the inlet shall be Water protected by sandbags or equivalent temporary measures to prevent the slurry from entering the inlet. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 140 4.3.4 Installation, Inspection and Maintenance The iSWM Construction Plan shall include details and notes that specify the proper installation, inspection and maintenance procedures for BMPs. The BMPs for the initial phase of construction must be implemented before starting any activities that result in soil disturbance, including land clearing. Notes shall indicate the sequence of BMP installation for subsequent phases of construction. Notes on the iSWM Construction Plan shall indicate the frequency of inspections and the areas to be inspected. Inspections shall include: • Inspecting erosion and sediment controls to ensure that they are operating correctly; • Inspecting locations where vehicles enter or exit the site for evidence of off -site tracking; • Inspecting material and waste controls to ensure they are effective; and • Inspecting the perimeter of disturbed areas and discharge points for evidence of sediment or other pollutants that may have been discharged. Erosion, sediment, and material and waste controls shall be repaired, replaced, modified and/or added if inspections reveal the controls were not installed correctly, are damaged, or are inadequate or ineffective in controlling their targeted pollutant. Notes for maintenance of BMPs shall require the removal of sediment from BMPs when the sediment reaches half of the BMP's capacity or more frequently. Sediment discharged from the site shall be removed prior to the next rain event, where feasible, and in no case later than seven days after it is discovered. Upon completion of construction, sediment shall be removed from all storm drain infrastructure and permanent BMPs before the temporary BMPs are removed from the site. Refer to Section 3.11 for further information on maintenance agreements. City of Port Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 141 5 References City of Fort Worth Public Works Department, Storm Water Management Design Manual, March 2006 Fort Worth, Texas. City of Fort Worth Public Works Department, Storm Drainage Criteria and Design Manual, December 10, 1967, amended June 1, 1975, December 17, 1986, and September 20, 1994, Fort Worth, Texas. Harris County Flood Control District, October 2009, Policy, Criteria and Procedure Manual for Approval and Acceptance of Infrastructure, Houston, Texas. Integrated Stormwater Management Criteria Manual for Site Development and Construction, December 2009, NCTCOG, Arlington, TX integrated Stormwater Management Planning Technical Manual, 2010 Edition, Revised September 2014. NCTCOG, Arlington, TX. integrated Stormwater Management Program Guidance: Dam Safety and Water Rights, 2010 Edition, Revised April 2010. NCTCOG, Arlington, TX. integrated Stormwater Management Water Quality Technical Manual, 2010 Edition, Revised September 2014. NCTCOG, Arlington, TX. integrated Stormwater Management Hydrology Technical Manual, 2010 Edition, Revised September 2014. NCTCOG, Arlington, TX. integrated Stormwater Management Hydraulics Technical Manual, 2010 Edition, Revised September 2014. NCTCOG, Arlington, TX. integrated Stormwater Management Site Development Controls Technical Manual, 2010 Edition, Revised September 2014. NCTCOG, Arlington, TX. integrated Stormwater Management Construction Controls Technical Manual, 2010 Edition, Revised September 2014. NCTCOG, Arlington, TX. integrated Storm Water Management Landscape Technical Manual, 2010 Edition, Revised September 2014. NCTCOG, Arlington, TX. Texas Department of Transportation, October 2011, Hydraulic Design Manual, Austin, Texas. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, August, 1992, Design and Construction of Grouted Riprap, ETL 1110-2- 334. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, July 19911June 1994, Hydraulic Design of Flood Control Channels, EM 1110-2- 1601. U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Reclamation , Hydraulic Design of Stilling Basins and Energy Dissipaters, March 1978, Engineering Monograph No. 25 City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 142 Appendix A - Checklists and Forms The checklists and forms provided in Appendix A are intended as examples and a starting point. The latest checklists and forms shall instead be downloaded from the City's website or obtained from the SIDS team by emailing your request to SDS(a)fortworthtexas.gov The checklists and forms shall be periodically updated by City staff to provide better guidance to applicants or other refinements. Applicants shall use the most recent version of checklists and forms. Checklists and forms shall be used as described with the manual and submitted with the corresponding applications. Appendix A includes the following example forms: Form CFW-1 Drainage Study Checklist Form CFW-2 Flood Study Checklist Form CFW-3 Culvert Hydraulics Documentation Checklist Form CFW-4 Bridge Hydraulics Documentation Checklist Form CFW-5 Preliminary and Final Dam Maintenance and Emergency Action Plan Form CFW-6 Inspection Checklist for Simple Detention Basin Form CFW-7 Request for Waiver from City of Fort Worth - Stormwater Form CFW-8 Engineer's Checklist for Stormwater Facility Maintenance Agreement Form CFW-9 Grading Permit Application Form CFW-10 Final Grading Certificate Form CFW-11 Certificate of Compliance City Flood Risk Areas City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 143 FORT WORTH: DRAINAGE STUDY CHECKLIST DEVELOPMENT SERVICES INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT STORAhVATER DEVELOPMENT SERVICES (SDS) SDS(dfortworthtexas.ctov 200 Texas St, Fort Worth, TX 76102 Project Information: Name: Submittal Date: Location: Site ! Plat Area (ac): Description: Disturbance Area (ac): Land Use: Construction Start Date Owner Information: Engineer Information: Name: Name: PE No.: Company: Firm: Firm No.: Phone: Phone: Additional Design Contact: Email: Email: Name: Address: Address: Phone: Email: This Drainage Study Is submitted for the purpose of supporting the following development applications (check all that apply): Single -Phase Preliminary Plat Multi -Phase Preliminary Plat Concept Plan (Multi -Phase) Infrastructure Plan Review IDGrading Permit ❑ Final Plat ❑ Zone A (only) Flood Study ❑ Update To Previous Study —20 —0 Attachments: Sealed Report or Technical Memo Drainage Area Maps El Hydrologic Analysis Hydrologic Model Files Pre & Post Project Maps El Offsite Drainage Area Map Land Use Maps Soils Maps Downstream Assessment El Hydraulic Analysis Hydraulic Model Files Hydraulic Work Maps Detention Pond Checklist El Culvert Hydraulics Checklist Bridge Hydraulics Checklist Dam Maintenance & FAP Record Drawings El Previous Applicable SWMP Other (list): y�ljraii City of Fort Worth Storrnwater Criteria Manual 144 Gt.QOR anp$veloP�r't � 404Perrrirt 5tru'cLion' � pion S before 5tattii►9 Con pest SxDG� penrnt e ttjetOUaVAng wem �e Easements 4 Natiorrwrde 4 Utility Reiocairons $ roledt W°ryld te9uU A9 ement 1� pn Gra'Thperry' er re R'Orded Mairrtenan� pad Water Rr,�hts Ad1ar entProP sett mature plans � 'tG� � Usti'. 1� Gther prlbirc ins cement � ,�Wpermit p �mmu^r,� pacilrt�es P9 4 �ements F�9re`;rnent paricwaY permit utum imPr a FEncroao0. hment A9te�erd ances' engine er in Nowing to 18nd jter e °r Mari Citi(S St°rtt! ctt� iba an to as a dratnag �u IaantY htyd� rlef pest xin8 ►lute c and sneer In Pn of a subs lying hVdrolagr deyetop ers en9 nis and rs ence appt caption intended toas Ie�a�stthv U e f,nOfft resa s °r Aen ,�ts� �iari�►oa'tians Od Qes ch tst Is Rust is °tan th¢� re mme ,.This eeid ecRu n �uats, o pisalairrrethe ch c dY-c}rnicaI M titA drat ISM +des N° pniptes. ie Pr°l) item 'DesctiA'�o ema gat Sim?�- tA _ / in9 ReP°tt t?edhni 21 ed isle as / �^ i. fin9tneer and seated by PE% vved s i a. �tr,14 9`I usual condttian of tnfiuen� / sumPtrotream assessm�roug�sa7.°Ptpost d Yej � o cesuits andm ct Ger`a �, .✓ Burn dime imPa a OeaU e' cot�r�ons aU no a of a ade4uat �,R,piiac�wrttr n 1 f d royision 145 9 Negation P�°n an P W o�h gtofrcr��et Gr�t�ria Ctfw 01 f Olt Item Description Yes No NIA Comments, Clarifications and Description 2. Planning and Data Collection a. List and reference previous drainage studies, iSWM Plans or watershed plans that considered the project area. b. Note the source and date of contour or topography information (2015 UDAR contours freely available from the CFW GIS website). c. Is there known or suspected flooding or erosion downstream of the project? (If yes, describe and identify) d. Are.there any known or suspected downstream constrictions such as undersized culverts? e. Are there any FEMA floodplains that require a flood study, CLOMR, LOMR, etc. If yes, list and reference any existing studies. f. Are there any known or suspected wetland areas, mitigation areas, waters of the US, or other natural habitat features that may require consideration, 404 permit, - nationwide permit, or state or federal permit? g. Are there any existing impoundments or dams that could be, or become, subject to TCEQ permitting? h. Are there any existing environmental concerns that would require special treatment or design consideration (e.g. fuel station, vehicle maintenance, auto recycling, illegal dump sites, industrialfacilities, etc.)? 3. Does this project provide opportunities,for Low Impact Design? If yes, then describe. a. Preserve floodplains, streams, drainage patters, natural storage, or steep slopes? b. Preserve trees, natural vegetation, wetlands, or other natural features? c. Drain runoff to pervious or vegetated areas? d. Utilize natural drainage systems (without erosion) Instead of storm drain systems. e. Reduce pavement, minimize impervious cover or use alternative materials 4. Pre -Development Conditions Map a. Project boundaries b. Aerial photo representing existing conditions (imagery captured within 5 years of submission) CFW-1 City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 146 Item Description c. Perennial and intermittent streams d. Delineate effective FEMA floodplains e. Delineate wetlands and natural habitat areas f. Location of dams and impoundments g. Existing roads, buildings and other impervious features h. Existing major utilities, pipelines and easements I. Existing stormwater conveyance systems, including: overland flow, storm drains, inlets, catch basins, channels, swales, culverts, bridges S. Post -Development Map a. Limits of clearing and grading b. Proposed street and lot layout (SFR) c. Site plan (buildings, facilities, parking lot, etc.) d. Construction phasing plan e. Location and size of proposed storm drains and other stormwater controls (e.g. ponds) f. Proposed dams or ponds subject to TCEQ requirements g. Proposed FEMA floodplain limits S. Pre -Development Drainage Area Maps shall include: a. Project boundaries b. Existing topography (1 or 2 foot contour Interval, 5 or 10 foot for areas more than one square mile) c. USDA hydrologic soil types (or separate soils maps) d. Perennial or intermittent stream centerlines e. Delineate FEMA floodplains, studied floodplains, floodplain easements and open channels f. Location of wetlands, dams and Impoundments g. Existing roads, buildings and other impervious areas h. Locations and size major utility lines and easements Yes No NIA Comments, Clarifications and Description CFW-1 City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 147 Item Description Yes No NIA Comments, Clarifications and Description 1. Location, size, and City File Number for existing stormwater conveyance systems such as storm drains, Inlets, catch basins, channels, swales, and areas of overland flow J. Locations and dimensions of channels, bridges, or culvert crossings k Delineation of watershed or drainage area boundaries, with correctly orientated flow arrows I. Delineate offsite drainage areas (1 or 2 foot contour interval, 5 or 10 foot for areas more than one square mile) m. Contours extend.beyond project limits and offsite drainage areas to ensure the entire watershed has been delineated n. Delineate longest flow path each drainage area o. Provide time of concentration calculations for each area and lag time calculations for hydrograph methods. p. Computation table showing drainage areas, runoff coefficients or curve numbers, time of concentration or lag times, rainfall intensities and peak discharges for the 1, 5, and 100 year storms. include a column to identify the collection point for each drainage area. q. Location of all site outfalls or where runoff leaves the site r. Delineate entire zone of influence and identify analysis points. s. Existing zoning and land use t. Composite calculations for runoff coefficients or curve numbers u. Drainage area and analysis point labels consistent with hydrologic and hydraulic calculations tables 7.. Post -Development Drainage Area Maps shall include: a. Project boundaries .b. Existing and proposed topography (1 or 2 foot contour Interval, 5 or 10 foot for areas more than one square mile) c. USDA hydrologic soil types (or separate soils maps) d. Perennial or intermittent stream centerlines e. Delineate FEMA floodplains, studied floedplains, floodplain easements and open channels CFW-1 City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 148 Item Description f. Location of wetlands, dams and impoundments g. Roads, buildings and other impervious areas h. Locations and size major utility lines and easements I. Location, size, and City File Number for existing storrnwater conveyance systems such as storm drains, inlets, catch basins, channels, swales, and areas of overland flow J. Locations and dimensions of channels, bridges, or culvert crossings k Delineation of watershed or drainage area boundaries, with flow arrows I. Delineate offsite drainage areas (1 or 2 foot contour interval, 5 or 10 foot for areas more than one square mile) m. Contours extend beyond project limits and offsite drainage areas to ensure the entire watershed has been delineated n. Delineate longest flow path each drainage area o. Provide time of concentration calculations for each area and lag time calculations for hydrograph methods. p. Computation table showing drainage areas, runoff coefficients or curve numbers, time of concentration or lag times, rainfall intensities and peak discharges for the 1, 5, and 100 year storms, for existing, proposed and ultimate conditions. Include a column to identify the collection point for each drainage area. q. Location of all site outfalls or where runoff leaves the site, including labels with prelpostlultimate discharges. r. Proposed and ultimate zoning and land use s. Identify changes to watershed boundaries t Composite calculations for runoff coefficients or curve numbers u. Delineate entire zone of influence acid identify analysis points. v. Show downstream constrictions with runoff controls w. When the development is a multi -phase project provide an overall drainage area map with all phases labeled, x. Proposed stormwater facilities with private maintenance (includes private storm drains, if detention is proposed, provide volume required) Yes No MIA Comments, Clarifications and Description CFW-1 City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 149 Item Description y. Drainage area and analysis point labels consistent with hydrologic and hydraulic calculations tables. 8. Hydrologic Analysis a. Analysis methodology and Inputs conform to Chapter 3.4 and relevant sections of the NCTCOG iSWM Technical Manuals. b. Selected hydrologic methods per Table 3.4 c. Runoff coefficient and curve numbers per Table 3.5 d. On site existing conditions per actual land use, not zoning e. Offsite conditions modelled as existing land use for comparison of pre- and post -development conditions f. Entire watershed (onsite and offsite areas) modelled per zoning or land use, which ever yields the highest peak discharge, for ultimate conditions hydrology. g. Ultimate conditions hydrology used for easement and stormwater facility sizing h. Unit hydrograph analysis performed using acceptable software package and models files provided. 1. Modified Rational Method, if selected, was calculated using the equations described in the NCTCOG Hydrology Technical Manual, and not using a software package. j. The hydrologic analysis and downstream assessment Is carried to, or beyond, the zone of influence based on the 10% rule of thumb. This is required even when detention is provided (except for the specific small site waiver). k Hydrologic work map was provided and shows model basins and routing. 1. Junctions or calculation nodes provided at critical analysis points (e.g. at outfalls, culvert crossings, ponds, etc.) m. Reach modelling approaches applied per criteria manual and standard modelling conventions n. Pre- and post -development modelling Include onsite storage (e.g. upstream of a road culvert) and floodplain storage to determine impacts of any watershed storage loss that result from the development o. Where a project discharges to more than one outfall, provide a corresponding analysis for each outfall p. Include mitigation design and analysis. Yes No NIA Comments, Clarifications and Description CFW-1 City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 15D Item Description Yes No NIA Comments, Clarifications and Description q. All applicable hydrologic condition analyses, including but not limited to: existing; proposed, proposed with mitigation if applicable, and ultimate. A mull -phased development would include an additional condition for eachi phase. r. Rainfall depths per NCTCOG iSWM Hydrology Technical Manual. s. A summary results and comparison table was provided, and Includes all junctions and design storms. t. Analysis fora Zone. A floodplain includes all applicable design storms and complies with FEMA guidelines. 9. Hydraulic Analysis a. Analysis methodology and inputs conform to Chapter 3.8 and other relevant sections of the Stormwater Criteria Manual, the NCTCOG iSWM Technical Manuals, and applicable references (e.g. HEC-RAS manual). b. Standard modelling conventions are adhered to (e.g. ineffective flow'areas at culverts, cross -sections perpendicular to flow, bank stations contained well inside the floodplain, etc.) c. For 1D-analysis, Manning's n per Table 3.15, Table 3.16 and other relevant technical references. d. Proposed multi -barrel culverts designed with one of the barrel flow lines at the stream centerline, and other barrels set higher to establish a single low flow drainage,path e. Provide a hydraulic work map including, but not limited to: aerial imagery, cross sections, inundation limits, stream centerline, structures, flow change locations; labels, proposed easement limits, etc. f. Provide a summary table that correlates cross -sections to hydrologic nodes or add hydrologic nodes to RAS workmap g. Analysis considers appropriate tail water and effect of coincidental peaks h. Analysis sizes all driveway culverts and demonstrates that roadside ditch design meets design standards. i. Mixed flow regime analysis is included if Froude number(s) is 0.9 or above (supercdtica[ flow check). j. Analysis shows compliance with all applicable design criteria in Chapter 3.8. k Analysis shows compliance with all No Adverse Impact criteria throughout the entire Zone of Influence CFW-'I City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 151 Yes No NIA Item Description I. Results summaries for all design storms and watershed conditions are tabulated. comparison of pre- and post- M. summary tables include a comps development conditions at all cross sections and critical locations. feted n. Culvert and bridge hydraulics checklists are romp and attached for all proposed hydraulic structures- and Where a project dischan3es t ys s for each outfallttall, — re than.an provide a corresponding was performed for a and the results, p. A dam breach anance plan l in and EAP are attached -- dam maintenance p q. Drainage structure sizes anti easement w ment delineations (ultimate conditions 1Q0-Y ondin minimum finished r. Flood elevations and corresponding and proposed lots floor elevations for all potentially _ (ultimate conditions 1oo-year flow) Any other information pertinent to the preparation and i di plat and comments, Clarifications and Description s. documents. inc u ng _ — — review of project �-- construction plans. radon or rseview of a drainage standards,study, please For additional infOrmation about the requlrements, criteria, or policies that appiy.ta the Prep$ and a licable refer to the relevant Partirns of the CF. W ordinances, Policies and Stamtwater Criteria Manual, NCTCOQ Technical Manuals, P tions, engineering tecfrnical Publica appendices were prepared resented on the checklist, report, and attachments is correct that.this drainage study and all attached and referenced exhibits, documents a aPP l certify ante of this plan by the City of Fort Wow does not waive under my responsible Supervision s4r+d derstareidin�at anlaccept to the best of my knowledge, nowledg . specific waiver request was submitted and approved. any City standards or requirements unless a Date: Signed: Firm No: Name: CFW-1 City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 152 FORT WORTH : TRANSPORTATION & PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT STORMWATER MANAGEMENT 2CC Texas St, Fort Worth. TX 76102 Project Information: Name: Location: Description: Stream Name Owner Information: Name: Company: Phone: Emaif: Address: Engineer Information: Name: Firm: Phone: Email: Address: FLOOD STUDY SUBMITTAL FORM Submitflood study model requests to FLOODPLAIN MANAGEMENT group Floodplain@fortworthtexas gov Pre -Submittal meetings are required before submitting flood studies, coordinated by STORMWATER DEVELOPMENT SERVICES (SDS) SDS@fortworthtexas.gov Submit Flood Studies to yourfirm's SIM360 folder, coordinated by SDS. Once Flood Study is accepted, submit Floodplain Development Permit application to SDS through Accela for approval Submittal Date: FIRM Panel: SFHA Flood Zone Type: Pre -Sub Meeting Date: PE No.: Firm No. Additional Design Contact: Name: Phone: Email: This Flood Study is submitted in support of the following (check all that apply): Floodplain Development Permit Letter of Map Revision (LOMR) Conditional Letter of Map ❑ Letter of Map Amendment ElCorridor Development Revision (CLOMR) (LOMA) Certificate (CDC) Pre -Project Flood Study (LOMR to Letter of Map Revision ❑ Conditional Letter of Map Revision ElCFW Project be submitted after construction) based on Fill (LOMR-F) based on Fill (CLOMR-F) (City funded) Attachments: Sealed Report or Technical Memo El Hydrologic Work Maps El Annotated FIRM CDC Application Hydrologic Analysis ❑ Hydrologic Analysis Tables El Proposed/As-Built Plans WOTUS Delineation Hydrologic Model Files Hydraulic Work Maps El Reference Study(s) 404 Permit Hydraulic Analysis Hydraulic Analysis Tables Property Owner Notification TxDOT Permit Hydraulic Model Files Geo-referenced GIS/CAD files ESA Compliance ❑ O&M Plan (detention basin, dam, berm levee) CFW-2 City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 153 e Re\oaf\°r"s ife�� Ced;�ioat � i1i;\i\bl ° e w°uid wire the pgleement Water R\9r'ts ^ Gradif\9 paf m\t , m�ti ?peps , edMaif�enan� TGy r�ui�rnitta a Gti�ef. �C\Sty e P � dun th 4 Reaof c inosvew e p\ar\s er�t �R pe Ow+mei 140 'at%on „aye btu d\sa`ss ti 9 a pubic �reem � pfopefN Srould �mmx0im Fac#% ed� n�tto thB. prol 4 �m\na$e S(u or Sher iu+urine on p �fti 4 warian°es, eer io rGi r3a nuab divers, engirt esa d oseDesadbe 901 pf01P and thv i t e CFW Sto pra'tic a good r liar; hYd tiC of, s n°t sub jy n$ !�r°Ic$t° ar�d or rev, ow Of �Ua, da�ddlir mist the a Ijirdr►cots exPen�� a prepara t c nisi M COG is intee haps$Y re'�,�nt of res°ura that epA� to Man NcT ia d thse echniCa Marr�Ll ° ds, Criteria or SierMwater is not sit, 01 Gie ate repafed ecto d`CO .Ne etd5isa°ffwa\ve en a�. dies, es a Pe ah $sod GI ts, stab p°fiGi and a'PP' d ado m does not WCt jes• the regoire W ink ts, dOcun'efS teP°rt Q{ p'Itt tb pin ti°nab°°ns of to �h\tn on {o the Grr1 t°ued. ird°''j" a p° ubecati°r►s` and fete{ef d fesented study and apP add�°nat the reio chnica! p abed iom,at\o 4.& fie oft �S 5ubfri\it For jof 10 °ea�g to �cudy and air thatt� an a°a ve terluest ndt appiica tYravvilsflsb�$5ut a\soura%de�ets sP io and of of KN was o teveme un to to b stands pa any G\ty p�fm �°' S\geed'. dame' VFW �� A 64 V'115-W51-11- Sea\ w�tet �t�terta M�nue1 �\�� of �o��otth storm FORT WORTH O Fart Worth tttt���777C���777C��������`��` Stormwater Management CULVERT HYDRAULICS DOCUMENTATION CHECKLIST Project: Date Road, Watershed', Si ream Type of work.- FEMA considerations (Detailed or Approx. Study?): Culvert location: Culvert size $ shape'. Calvert material: Fill height: Skew angle. Hydrologic method used Hydrograph USGSShtion Other (specify) Design frequency (yrs): Drainage area Channel ana€ysis_ Channel slope (mlm) N values (channel) 100 Yr Proposed discharge (cfs): f 00-Year Fully developed discharge - Q ,m (cis): 100 Yr Proposed taibrrater (ft)- 100-Year Fully developed tailwater (ft): 100 YR Proposed headwater (ft). 100-Year Fully developed headwater (ft): Allowable hghwater (ft) 100 Yr Proposed velocity thru bridge (fps). 100-Year Fully developed velocity thru bridge (fps), Design unconstricted velocity (fps) 100-Year unoonstricted velocity (fps) % Flow overtopping road for Q,on: Height of water over road for 01 D (ft): Est. overtopping frequency (years): Headwater computation method' THYSYS-CULVERT HEC-RAS" HEC 2 Other `Required by CFW Comparison with existing hydrauhC condition: Meets FEVIA requirements Yes No NIA Outlet velocity excessive -yes -No Outlet protectionlcontrol: Safety end treatment: Comments' Form CFW-3 City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 155 FORT WORTH °c Stormwater t0anagemtnt BRIDGE HYDRAULICS DOCUMENTATION CHECKLIST Project: Date: Road: Watershed: Stream: Type of work: FEMA considerations (Detailed or Approx_ Study?) Bridge Length: Pier Configuration: Bridge Width: Bridge Love Chord and Roadbed Elev,: Hydrologic Method Used: Hydrograph Only Gauged - USGS Station Other Design Frequency (yrs):` Drainage Area: Channel Dimensions: Channel sope(ft'ft): N value: DESIGN PROPOSED 100 YR EXISTING 100 YR PROPOSED 1 D0 YR FULLY DEVELOPED STATION Q crs V (fps) WSEL 1t Q rf V f WSEL {ft a efs V (fps WSEL ft Q cis) V (fps) WSEL ft EXET FULL V BRIDGE APPR (GONSTR) APPR (UNCONS) Headwater computation method: HEC-RAS OTHER Bridge/Roadway overtopping: Yes No Overtopping Frequency(years): % Flow overtopping road: Height of water over road(ft): Existing Bridge Length(ft): Meets FEMA requirements: Yes No N!A Type of Bridge Rail: Skew: Abutment protection (rock riprap, etc): Comments: "Complete for cases where "design frequency' (such as TxDOT structures) may be different than 100-year Form CFW-4 City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manua! 156 FORT WORTH TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC WORKS DEPT STORMWATER MANAGEMENT 1. Project Information A. Name of Development C. Dam Name, Number or Tributary E. Name of Owner: G. Owner Contact Name. 1. Owner Address PRELIMINARY AND FINAL a ti DAM MAINTENANCE AND = �t Stormrmwa#er EMERGENCY ACTION PLAN warrn,rnr Please attach additional sheets as necessary for comments and descriptions. Fold all sheets to 8%" x 11"or 9" x 12" and bind with a clip. B_ Case No: D. Date: F. Telephone No N. E-mail: J Engineer's Name: K. Texas P E, No: L. Engineering Firm: M. Telephone No.: N. Engineer Address: O. E-mail: 2. Dam Summary Information (Item H not required for Preliminary Submittal) Adam that meets the TCEQ guidelines must be registered with the TCEQ, have a breach analysis, hazard assessment. and emergency action: plan per 30 TAC §299. A. Dam height" (feet): B. impoundment surface area (acres): For City Use Reviewer: Date: C. Watershed size (acres): Accepted Not Accepted Case No.: D Approx. impoundment volume (acre-feet): Comment 'Height measured from the crest of the dam to the bottom of the outfall channel Form CFW-5 City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 1 F- Page 2 of 3 E Who will own and maintain dam (HOA, Citypark, eta)? F. Was dam previously registered and/or inspected by TCEQ? When? G. TCEQ impoundment size classiliicaffon.(30 TAC §299.12): Exempt Small Intermediate Large H. Hazard Assessment (from 6.B. below per 30 TAC §299.13): N/A Low Significant High 3. Attachments Water Rights Permit (where applicable) Breach Analysis (where applicable) Emergency Action Plan (final submittal) Yes No NIA Comments and Descriptions 4. State Water Rights In accordance with texas Water Code §11, all surface impoundments not used for domestic or livestock purposes must obtain a water rights permit from the TCEQ. For proposed City -owned dams, a completed permit, orwritten documentation from TCEQ stating that a permit is not required, must be submitted prior to final acceptance by the City. Has water rights permit been obtained or applied fort (For proposed City -owned dams, attach permit correspondence) 5. Dam and Pond Site Map(s), showing: A. Proposed and existing contours, with recent aerial B. Existing and proposed FEMAfloodplain limits C. Street and lot layout around dam and inundation area D. Contributing watershed (reduced scale if necessary) E. Hydrologic calculations for Q100 and PMF F. Location, size and capacity of proposed spillway _ G. Conceptual or final spillway and erosion protection design Form CFW-5 City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 168 Page 3 of 3 Yes No NIA Comments and Descriptions 6. Dam Breach Analysis —Attach and Include: (Required for Final Submittal only, for dams -meeting the guidelines in Chapter 3.8.4 for Detention Structures in this manual). A. Breach analysis for "sunny day", "barely overtopping" or Q100, and Probable Maximum Flood (PMF) conditions B. Hazard Assessment based on potential for loss of life or property damage in breach/non-breach comparison _ C. Emergency Action Plan per current City standards 1 certify that this Conceptual Stormwrater Management plan, including this checklist, required attachments, and additional comments, was prepared under my responsible supervision and that the information presented on this checklist and attachments is correct'to the best of my knowledge. 1 also understand that an acceptance of this plan by the City does not waive any City standards or requirements unless a specific waiver request has been submitted and accepted. Signed Date (seal) A Print Name: Form CFW-5 City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 159 FolzH INSPECTION CHECKLIST FOR SIMPLE DETENTION BASIN Facility Name: Basin/Pond Number: Inspected By: Type of Inspection: Annual Basin Conditions: Facility Agreement Number: Date: Quarterly . Mcntriy , Routine , or Storm Event . (# days since event 1. Is there standing water or wet spots? 2 Does sides or bottom show signs of erosion, settling, cracking, etc? 3 Does dam or emergency spillway show signs of erosion, settling, cracking, or other problems? 4. Is there evidence of animal burrowing in dam? 5 Is there evidence of changes in shape or volume of basin? 6 Igo vegetated areas need mowing? 7. Are there trees or woody growth in dam? & Are there areas that need to be re -vegetated? 9. Is there any accumulation of silt, trash, debris or litter in the basin? 1D. Are there any other basin maintenance activities needed? Structural Components: 1, Are pipes, channels. trash racks, etc. free of obstructions? 2. Are pipes. spillway or trash racks in need of repair? 3. Is the low flow or trickle channel in need of repair? 4. Is the outfali channel in need of repair? 5. Are there any other structural maintenance activities needed? Plan for correcting deficiencies: Yes No Comments Yes_ No Comments Yes_ No _ Comments Yes_ No —Comments Yes_ No Comments Yes_ No _ Comments Yes_ No Comments Yes No Comments Yes_ No —Comments Yes— No _ Comments Yes_ No _ Comments Yes_ No _ Comments Yes No Comments Yes_ No Comments Yes_ No Comments Form CFW-S Sign at ure: Date: City of Fort Worth Stonmwater Criteria Manual I Is 5tormwate Owners Representative FORT WORTH ago Frxf LVrcth Stormwater �,,ement REQUEST FOR WAIVER FROM CITY OF FORT WORTH - STORMWATER Submitted by: PhoneEmail: Company: Date: Proposed Project Description Name Type: Location (include map) Existing Condition (show information on map or drawing) CFWMaintained Facilities: Existing Right -of -Way for CFW facility, Topography. Other Pertinent Data Related to Variance Request: Waiver Request Specific criteria you want to vary Explain why the criteria needs to be varied or is not applicable: Explain how the basis for the criteria will be satisfied: List attachments supporting waiver request {preliminary design report excerpt, construction drawings. calculations photographs. map, etc Justification of Decision: Notes: Waiver Decision: Accepted rl Denied ❑ Reviewer Signature: Date: Form CFW-7 City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual rORTWORTH ENGINEER'S CHECKLIST FOR STORMWATER r,Ytw,Yth Cli FACILITY MAINTENANCE AGREEMENT Stormwater .-i nagement Transportation and Public Works Dept. Please attach additional sheets as necessary for comments and Stormwater Management descriptions. Fit all sheets to$'/" x 11". ORGANIZATION INFORMATION 1. Company (Applicant) Address: 2. Contact's Information- 3. Execution Information: Contact Name Signatory's Name Mailing Address Mailing Address Telephone Number(s) Telephone Numbers; Email Email 4. Property Location: i Nato If the property has not been addressed, please enter the legal description) 5. Associated Plat Numbers: (Note: if request is related to multiple plat applications, please list each individually) 6. Associated Building Permit Numbers: (Note: i['request is related to multiple permits, please list each individually) 7. Associated iiSWM Master Numbers: AGREEMENT&. ATTACHMENT INSTRUCTIONS If the property owner is a corporation, the agreement must be signed by the President or a Vice -President of the company. If a partnership, the agreement must be signed by the managing partner. If the applicant is a sole proprietor, he/she signs the agreement on behalf of him or herself. Additionally, for corporations and partnerships, a copy of the Articles of Incorporation, showing signature authority for whoever signs the agreement must also be submitted (Note: Applicants may also submit a board resolution or power of attorney authorizing an agent or assign to sign on behalf of the property owner. The agreement must be completely felled out and three copies submitted to the Planning and Development Department. Signatures on all three agreement drafts must be original and notarized. Lastly, please submit a copy of the deed for the noted property. NOTE: Agreement and all attachments should be submitted on 8 yz" x 11". Form CF'W-8 City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 162 WA CommentsiQescolons Mn Yes CC° ndard a9�eme�,tarm pr°wd� by a 1.m�n9ffl� ant —Ste an �p,cjied) peps ti , legal Qescnp titDtt"A . ds d mimed as Metes and � Wtth seal aifocea Sa�eYo�s q�wir�, B 'praw age Ea�me ached'! Plat- mt[ons t `8�,gt9nP' acevi[� [Plan schevicl 3. Exhces�9n�lwwuons pjcamp[epetena ucfionptan� A4 gee cow eats . auo lan � ce wal egg,, ed ctumi etern hem 9 rePared [n a . orlon show[ng cnticat stru dead`! [abated p ,Plan View n� are uctural e[eme owing Gritil str terms sect[an sh intalmman $lon91tud[��w[Lbelevat�ans• ing m e and � Profile in�'��urai ele � show $4Z all cnt�ca[ st toss sec6onsasneeded en 9'h" x 11A, genQml gm sutd be submitted �� owls.[ ands NOTE: Att �i,emabs�n �r aFpn'ved plan tp�achedl hands�ng d {+t�tntenance q OPzrationsanGf'xcat\an5: wood'lpl AS- 4, Exhib Hance SPe weeds and A R+�'ne ghaln a needed to control cturat elements• 1 Mowing l tram l 2. Tmsh rem Hance. 3 pad�tionatmal �et1t�es 6 Non todme Maude ,tabilrLa'ton' e6 more of area is 1. Banff reRau a en Revegetat�on - reAu[red wh 2 unprotected• Glty of fOTONO th tormwater Griteria Manual Pa eZat3 163 Yes No NIA 3. Sediment removal from the detentionfretention facility when: • Detention basin —when water depth is reduced 25% or more, or basin does not drain within 72 hours. ❑ ❑ ❑ • Retention pond —when water depth is 4' or less. ❑ ❑ Sediment trapslfarebay—when depth is reduced by 50% or more, ❑ ❑ ❑ 4. Structural repair/replacement for all damaged or deteriorated trickle trash ❑ ❑ ❑ structures, channel, rack, etc. 6. Mechanical equipment repairs. ❑ H H 6. Other maintenance Activities. 5. Mchlbit I'D" -Maintenance Checkllst * A. Covers ordinary needs, in layman terms. ❑ B. Structural components labeled consistent with Schematic Plan. ❑ ❑ *See attached Inspection Checklist for Detention Basin Comments/Descrlptlons Page 3 of 3 NOTE: All Exhibits should be submitted on 8 ." x 11". certify that this Stormwater Facility Maintenance Agreement, checlist, required attachments, and additional comments, was prepared under my responsible supervision and that the information presented on this checklist and attachments is correct to the best of my knowledge. I also understand that an acceptance of this plan by the City does not waive any City standards or requirements unless a specific waiver request has been submitted and approved (seal) I Print Name; Form CFW-8 City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 164 FORT WORTH ° Fort Wcx th S#ormwater GRADING PERMIT APPLICATION Management Applicant to Complete Sections I through VII Belaw• Permit No. Questionnaire For: Commercial Construction or Grading activities. What Type of Grading Permit is being applied for? (circle one) EARLY FINAL Note A Final Commerciaf Grading Permit is required even if an Early Grading Permit is obtained. I. Identification: Project Name: Project Location: Owner: Name: e-mail: Address, Phone: Contractor: Name: Address: Emergency Telephone No.: e-mail: II. Do you have an approved iSWM Plan? (circle one) yes no An iSWM Plan (integrated Storm Water Management Plan) may have been approved if a Plat, Infrastructure Plans, or a Unified Residential Plan has been approved after March 2006. If yes provide caseiplan number(s), if known: SWM SWPPP Plat Urhan Forestry Plan DOE Number Unified Residential Development Plan VII. Signature of Applicant or Authorized Agent: Signature: Name: Name of Company: Address: Phone No.: VIII. Conditions of Approval Approval is contingent upon compliance with City grading and development requirements including drainage, floodplain management, urban forestry and construction runoff control. A site grading plan sealed by an engineer is required for all land disturbances of 1.0 acre or more. City Action: Reviewer Date Accepted 1 Not Accepted Comments Qll City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 165 FORT WORTH o�Fort worth 5tarmwater Management FINAL GRADING CERTIFICATE Effective Date Case No. (From Early/Final Grading Permit) This certification is required after construction and grading activities are complete and prior to Certificate of Occupancy being issued. OWNERf DEVELOPER/ PERMITTEE INFORMATION Project Name Project Location Project Description OwnerlDevelo per/Permittee Address Phone No, e-mail DESIGN PROFESSIONAL OR CONTRACTOR (Responsible Party) Name Address Phone No. e-mail LicenseiGertificate No Expiration Date To the best of my knowledge and personal inspection, the above described project has been constructed in substantial compliance with the plans dated as accepted by the City of Fort Worth AND temporary BMPs have been removed Signature_ Printed Name Form CFW-10 Date (Seal) City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 166 FORT WORTH Transportation & Public Works Stormwater Management 200 Texas Street, Fart Worth, TX 76102 CITY FLOOD RISK AREAS CERTIFICATE OF COMPLIANCE STORMWATER DEVELOPMENT SERVICES (SDS) S DS@ fo rt W ortht a xas .gov The certificate must be completed for all development located within the City Flood Risk Areas (Ci that have a land disturbance of less than one acre. Submittals must also include the Project Boundary Map showing the CFRA and proposed project. PROJECT• • Project Name: Site/Plat Area (acres): Project Address: Land Disturbance Area (acres): Description of Project: Property Owner Name: Engineering Company: Surveying Company: Contact Name/Representative: Contact Name: Contact Name: Property Owner Address: Engineer Address: Surveyor Address: Property Owner Email: Engineer Email: Surveyor Email: Property Owner Phone Number: Engineer Phone Number: Surveyor Phone Number: CFRA INFORMATION What is the Design Flood Flevation {DFE) for this property? How was the DFE determined? How will you mitigate flood risk? l7 City provided engineering study 0 Elevate Structure to DFE ❑ Independent engineering evaluation performed ❑ Floodproofing {attach additional details) per the Stormwater Criteria Manual Type: ❑ Other: Briefly explain how any potential adverse impacts were addressed. (Additional pages may be attached if needed.) See Texas Water Code, Chapter 11, for more information on the State law prohibiting development on a properryfrom creating adverse drainage impacts on others. CERTIFICATION I certify that the above referenced information and supporting analysis were prepared under my responsible supervision and is correct to the best of my knowledge. I also understand that an acceptance of this certificate by the City of Fort Worth does not waive any City standards or requirements unless a specific waiver request was submitted and approved. Typed Name/Title: Texas P.E. License Number: Seal/Stamp: Signature of Engineer: Date: CFW-CFKA Certificate Compliance —Draft CFW-11 11PaIe City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 167 Appendix B: Stormwater Computer Models B.1 Introduction Stormwater management is becoming increasingly complex. The simple notion of collecting runoff and sending it efficiently to the nearest stream is being replaced with considerations of stormwater quantity and quality control, infrastructure management, master planning and modeling, financing, complaint tracking, and more. Information needs are critical to a successful local program. North Central Texas communities need to both invest in and be aware of new and emerging technologies that can provide the ability to collect, organize, maintain and effectively use vast amounts of data and information for their community's stormwater management activities. There is a great deal of computer software that has been developed based on the intensive research effort in urban hydrology, hydraulics and stormwater quality. Computer models use the computational power of computers to automate the tedious and time-consuming manual calculations. Most models also include extensive routines for data management, including input and output procedures, and possibly including graphics and statistical capabilities. Computer modeling became an integral part of storm drainage planning and design in the mid-1970s. Several agencies undertook major software developments and these were soon supplemented by a plethora of proprietary models, many of which were simply variants on the originals. The proliferation of personal computers in the 1990s has made it possible for virtually every engineer to. use state-of-the-art analytical technology for purposes ranging from analysis of individual pipes to comprehensive stormwater management plans for entire cities. In addition to the simulation of hydrologic and hydraulic processes, computer models can have other uses. They can provide a quantitative means to test alternatives and controls before implementation of expensive measures in the field. If a model has been calibrated and verified at a minimum of one site, it may be used to simulate non - monitored conditions and to extrapolate results to similar ungauged sites. Models may be used to extend time series of flows, stages and quality parameters beyond the duration of measurements, from which statistical performance measures then may be derived. They may also be used for design optimization and real-time control. A local staff or design engineer will typically use one or more of these pieces of software in stormwater facility design and review, according to the design objectives and available resources. However, it should be kept in mind that proper use of computer modeling packages requires a good knowledge of the operations of the software model and any assumptions that the model makes. The engineer shall have knowledge of the hydrological, hydraulic and water quality processes simulated and knowledge of the algorithms employed by the model to perform the simulation. B.2 Types of Models In urban stormwater management there are typically three types of computer models that are commonly used: hydrologic, hydraulic and water quality models. There are also a number of other specialty models to simulate ancillary issues (some of which are sub -sets of the three main categories) such as sediment transport, channel stability, lake quality, dissolved oxygen and evapotranspiration, etc. B.2. 1 Hydrologic Models Hydrologic models attempt to simulate the rainfall -runoff process to tell us "how much water, how often." They use rainfall information or models to provide runoff characteristics including peak flow, flood hydrograph and flow frequencies. Hydrologic models can be either: • Deterministic -- giving one answer for a specific input set, or • Stochastic -- involving random inputs giving any number of responses for a given set of parameters; • Continuous — simulating many storm events over a period of time, or • Single Event — simulating one storm event; City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 168 Lumped — representing a large area of land use by a single set of parameters, or Distributed — land areas are broken into many small homogeneous areas each of which has a complete hydrologic calculation made on it. B.2.2 Hydraulic Models Hydraulic models take a known flow amount (typically the output of a hydrologic model) and provide information about flow height, location, velocity, direction, and pressure. Hydraulic models share some of the differing characteristics of hydrologic models (continuous vs. single event) and add the following: • One-dimensional — calculating flow information in one direction (e.g. downstream) only, or • Multi -dimensional — calculating flow information in several dimensions (e.g. in and out of the channel and downstream); • Steady — having a single unchanging flow velocity value at a point in the system, or • Unsteady — having changing flow velocities with time; • Uniform — assuming the channel slope and energy slope are equal, or • Non -uniform — solving a more complex formulation of the energy and momentum equations to account for the dynamic nature of flows. For most problems encountered in hydraulics, a simple one-dimensional, steady model will work well. But if the volume and time distribution of flow are important (for example, in a steeper stream with storage behind a series of high culvert embankments) an unsteady model is needed. If there is a need to predict with accuracy the ebb and flow of floodwater out of a channel (for example in a wide, flat floodplain where there are relief openings under a road) then a 2-dimensional model becomes necessary. If pressure flow and the accurate computation of a hydraulic grade line are important, an unsteady, non -uniform model with pressure flow calculating capabilities is needed. B.2.3 Water Quality Models The goal in water quality modeling is to adequately simulate the various processes and interactions of stormwater pollution. Water quality models have been developed with an ability to predict loadings of various types of stormwater pollutants. Water quality models can become very complex if the complete cycle of buildup, wash -off and impact are determined. These models share the various features of hydrologic and hydraulic models in that it is the runoff flow that carries the pollutants. Therefore, a continuous hydrologic model with estimated pollution concentrations becomes a continuous water quality pollution model. Water quality models can reflect pollution from both point and nonpoint sources. Water quality models tend to have applications that are targeted toward specific pollutants, source types or receiving waters. Some models involve biological processes as well as physical and chemical processes. Often great simplifications or gross assumptions are necessary to be able to model pollutant accumulations, transformations and eventual impacts. Detailed short time increment predictions of "pollutographs" are seldom needed for the assessment of receiving water quality. Hence, the total storm event loads or mean concentrations are normally adequate. Simple spreadsheet -based loading models involve an estimate of the runoff volume which, when multiplied by an event mean concentration, provide an estimate of pollution loading. Because of the lack of ability to calibrate such models for variable physical parameters, such simple models tend to be more accurate the longer the time period over which the pollution load is averaged. An annual pollutant load prediction may tend toward a central estimate, while any specific storm prediction may be grossly in error when compared to actual loadings because antecedent conditions vary widely from week to week. Simulation models have the ability to adjust a number of loading parameters for calibration purposes and can simulate pollution accumulation over a long period. They can then more reliably predict loadings for any specific storm event. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 169 While calibration data is not always needed in hydrologic or hydraulic models for an acceptably accurate answer, in water quality models the non -calibrated prediction is often off by orders of magnitude. Water quality predictions are not credible without adequate site -specific data for calibration and verification. However, even without specifically accurate loading values relative effects of pollution abatement controls can be tested using uncalibrated models. B.2.4 Computer Model Applications Stormwater computer models can also be categorized by their use,or application: Screening -level models are typically equations or spreadsheet models that give a first estimate of the magnitude of urban runoff quality or quantity. At times this is the only level that is necessary to provide answers. This is true either because the answer needs to be only approximate or because there is no data to justify a more refined procedure. Planning -level models are used to perform "what if' analysis comparing in a general way design alternatives or control options. They are used to establish flow frequencies, floodplain boundaries, and general pollution loading values. Design -level models are oriented toward the detailed simulation of a single storm event for the purposes of urban stormwater design. They provide a more complete description of flow or pollution values anywhere in the system of concern and allow for adjustment of various input and output variables in some detail. They can be more exact in the impact of control options, and tend to have a better ability to be calibrated to fit observed data. Operational models are used to produce actual control decisions during a storm event. They are often linked with SCADA systems. They are often developed from modified or strongly calibrated design models, or can be developed on a site -specific basis to appropriately link with the system of concern and accurately model the important physical phenomena. B.3 Summary of Acceptable Models Computer models can be simple, representing only a very few measured or estimated input parameters or can be very complex involving twenty times the number of input parameters. The "right" model is the one that: (1) the user thoroughly understands, (2) gives adequately accurate and clearly displayed answers to the key questions, (3) minimizes time and cost, and (4) uses readily available or collected information. Complex models used to answer simple questions are not an advantage. However, simple models that do not model key necessary physical processes are useless. There is no one engineering model or software that addresses all hydrologic, hydraulic and water quality situations. Design needs and troubleshooting for watershed and stormwater management occur on several different scales and can be either system -wide (i.e., watershed) or localized. System -wide issues can occur on both large and small drainage systems, but generally require detailed, and often expensive, watershed models and/or design tools. The program(s) chosen to address these issues shall handle both major and minor drainage systems. Localized issues also exist on both major and minor drainage systems, but unlike system -wide problems, flood and water quality solution alternatives can usually be developed quickly and cheaply using simpler engineering methods and design tools. Table B.1 lists several widely used computer programs and modeling packages which are approved by the City for the specific uses listed in the Table. For the purposes of this table, major drainage systems are defined as those draining to larger receiving waters. These are typically FEMA-regulated streams, or lakes or reservoirs. Minor drainage systems are smaller natural and man-made systems that drain to the more major streams. Minor drainage systems can have both closed and open -channel components and can include, but are not limited to, neighborhood storm sewers, culverts, ditches, and tributaries. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 170 Table B.1 Stormwater Modeling Programs and Design Tools IVEajor System Modeling 'Mirior- 'System -Modeling - Hydrologic' Features : _ _ .Hydrau,fic Features £ -Water .. Quality Features Unsteady glow 2-D' �Flow� SoftwareNydrology HEC-1 1 X X HEC-HMS X X PondPack X X X StormCAD GEOPAK X X X SWFHYD 1 X X n Hydraulics Software HEC-RAS X X X X InfoWorks SD X X X X X X X XPSWMM X X X X X X EPA SWMM X X X X X X ICPR X X X X X Water Quality Software HSPF X X X BASINS X X X X QUAL2K X X X s Design Tools Macral ( Gabion Channels X X X GeowacWlN (Gabion Retaining Walls) X X X HY8 (Culverts and Energy Dissi ators X X X CulvertMaster X X FlowMaster X X ' Only where model currently exists 171 Appendix C -- City of Fort Worth Miscellaneous Details and Specifications CA Straight Drop Spillways Overview The three parts of a straight drop spillway (see Figure C.1) are: • Upstream draw down reach • Drop opening Downstream hydraulic jump reach The drop structure shall be constructed of steel sheet piling. Reinforced concrete lining and riprap shall be placed upstream and downstream of the drop structure for erosion and scour protection. Design Criteria Design criteria for straight drop spillways are: • Comply with general design criteria for all transition control structures as described in the "General Design Criteria" below. • Design steel sheet piling to prevent bending or rotating. • Coat steel sheet piling in accordance with industry standards to reduce rusting and scaling. • Use concrete lining on the entire cross-section upstream and downstream of the drop. • Tie the concrete lining to the steel sheet piling drop structure. • Use a minimum six (6) inch thick slab on the downstream concrete lining due to the impact load and potential severe turbulence. • Determine length of concrete lining upstream and downstream of the drop. • Include twenty (20) feet of riprap at the ends of the concrete slope paving to decrease flow velocities and protect the concrete toe from scour (see Section 3.9 Stone Riprap Design) • Materials and installation shall conform to City construction specifications. General Design General design criteria for transition control structures are: Criteria Design for a range of flows and tailwater conditions up to and including the 1% exceedance event. At a minimum, the structure shall be designed for 1-, 5-, and 100-year storms. • Conduct a geotechnical investigation to assist with design of the structure. • Locate transition control structures where flow is straight. Avoid channel bends and high turbulence areas. • Provide structural erosion protection where maximum velocities are exceeded upstream and downstream of the transition control structure and where the hydraulic jump occurs. • For drop structures in lateral channels at the confluence with the receiving channel: o Locate the drop just inside the ultimate right-of-way of the receiving channel. o Design the hydraulic jump to occur before it enters the receiving channel. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 172 A -comfete Lining Top at Bank • .. • �•. • , SteE1 '4y-• ShcetPting :.e ••` 2a min. Top Of Bonk - e • a ; ' • ' 4, Riprap o- . mtn. e •..; . •� . ■ V1/3 g •a ' PLAN VIEW d • .� . A [Upstream Drcw pawn Reach oownstraam UtydrouGc lump Reach Notuml g=nd d d PROFILE VIEW SECTION A —A POLICY, TYPICAL STRAIGHT DROP CMTERIA, & u,,;,cm PROCEDURE tl•■d[o lg�d MANUAL DATE:ICU5104 I Figure C.1 Typical Straight Drop City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 173 C.2 Baffled Chutes Overview Baffled chutes are used to dissipate energy at abrupt changes in channel flowline and require no tailwater to be effective. They are generally selected over straight drop spillways for larger drop heights and where lateral channels drop into main channels. Baffle blocks prevent undue acceleration of the flow as it passes down the chute. Since the flow velocities entering the downstream channel are low, no stilling basin is needed. A generic baffled chute is shown in Figure C.2. Design Criteria Design criteria for baffled chutes: • Comply with minimum design criteria for all transition control structures in the previous General Design Criteria. • Use concrete lining on the entire cross section for the structure. • Include twenty (20) feet of riprap at the upstream end of the concrete lining to decrease flow velocities and protect the concrete toe from scour (see Chapter • Use an applicable structural and hydraulic design methodology for baffled chutes. Use fully developed watershed conditions for establishing the design flow rate to avoid rebuilding the baffled chute as the watershed develops. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 174 a 4 •• ••. • i • N Riprap See "Hydraulic Design of Stilling Basins and Energy Dissipators' Engtneering Monograph No- 25, U.S. Department of the interior, Bureau of Redamalon,1984. POLICY, CRITERIA, & BAFFLE BLOCK DROP �� PROCEDURE llwdfa�ralt1L MANUAL DATE: 1015f04 Figure C.2 Baffle Block Drop City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 175 Appendix D -- Sediment and Erosion Control Guidelines for Small Sites SEDIMENT AND EROSION CONTROL GUIDELINE FOR SMALL SITES As a builder, you are responsible for controlling soil and sediment on your job site during construction. This fact sheet provides some general guidelines that may be used for sites that involve construction activity that disturbs less than one acre of soil and are not required to obtain a Construction Stormwater Permit, but have the potential to discharge sediment and other non-stormwater discharges prohibited by city ordinance. PERIMETER CONTROLS Perimeter controls are used to capture sediment before it leaves the construction site. These types of controls include vegetative buffers, silt fencing, sediment traps and sediment logs. Sediment traps are small stormwater detention areas that allow sediment to settle out of runoff. A type of trap shown below (see sketch below) is called a cut -back curb. Cut- back curbs are small traps used to pond water behind the curb and gutter system. Frequent monitoring and maintenance of sediment traps is needed to ensure that deposited sediment doesn't reduce their capacity. INLET PROTECTION The purpose of inlet protection devices is to reduce the amount of sediment carried into the storm drain system. The device slows runoff and filters out sediment particles at the storm drain. Inlet protection devices are the last line of defense for capturing sediment and shall only be used if no other control measures are adequate as they can cause property damage due to flooding if not frequently inspected and maintained. STABILIZED CONSTRUCTION EXIT A stabilized construction exit is used to reduce the amount of sediment tracked from a site onto the street by vehicles or equipment. A stabilized construction exit is typically made by creating a driveway from 1.5 inches or larger aggregate on top of a geotextile mat located where vehicles or equipment exit the site. TEMPORARY COVER Temporary cover is used to reduce erosion and shall be applied immediately to areas where construction activity has ceased and is not planned to resume within 21 days or to temporary stockpiles of materials stored on site. Stockpiled material consists of gravel, sand, excavated soil, topsoil or any other similar material. These piles shall never be placed where stormwater is conveyed (e.g., curb and gutter, drainage ditch). Temporary cover may be obtained by planting fast-growing plants like rye, oats, or winter wheat, or it may be obtained by spreading straw, wood chips, erosion control blankets or geotextile fabric over the area. WASTE DISPOSAL All waste and construction debris shall be properly stored to prevent spills, leaks or discharges and to protect it from being carried away from the site by wind or water. All waste and debris shall be properly disposed of in compliance with local, state and federal regulations. CONCRETE WASH WATER Concrete wash water must never be discharged or allowed to drain into the storm drain or adjacent properties. Wash water disposal must be limited to a defined area of the site or to an area designated by the Developer for cement washout. The area must be sufficient to contain all wash water and residual cement. INSPECTIONS AND HOUSEKEEPING To ensure your control measures are in good condition and working properly, they shall be inspected by Owner weekly and after any storm event. Good housekeeping shall be practiced at all times. Housekeeping includes cleaning and maintaining all erosion and sediment control devices, cleaning sediment off streets, and picking up all debris that has been deposited off site by wind or water. Soil or sediment that has been deposited or tracked onto any street shall be removed by the end of the day or before the next rain event. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 176 REMOVAL. OF EROSION CONTROLS Erosion control devices shall remain in place and maintained until permanent vegetation is established. Once permanent vegetation is established, the control measures can then be removed. MUST REGULARLY MAINTAIN CUTBACK TRENCH --- 12" — 24" DENSE vEGATAI}ON XIED. REET SECTION •UNDERCUT LOT NOT TO- SOLE City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 177 Appendix E -- Single Family Residential Lot Drainage EA Lot Drainage Types LOT GRADING TYPE B DRAINAGE TO FRONT AND REAR LOT LINE GENERAL NOTES: 1. EXCEPT AS NOTED, BUILDING PAD GRADING TO BE PERFORMED BY HOUSE CONTRACTOR AFTER COMPLETIONOF SUBDIVISION IMPROVEMENTS. 2. ALL FINISH FLOOR ELEVATION SHALL BE MINIMUM OF B" ABOVE THE HIGHEST GRADE ADJACENT TO BUILDING PAD. SEE CURRENT BUILDING CODE.FLOOR ELEVATIONS SHOWN ARE BASED ON THE MINIMUM FRONT SETBACK. ALL GRADING TYPE A & B LOT FINISH FLOORS SHALL BE AT LEAST 1.0 FT. ABOVE THE ROAD CROWN ALONG LOT FRONTAGE. 3. DRIVEWAY SLOPES BREAKS SHALL NOT EXCEED AN ALGEBRAIC DIFFERENCE OF:14% WITHOUT PROPER VERTICAL CURVE. 4. MEANDER SWALES AROUND SPECIMEN TREES AND DO NOT DISTURB WETLAND VEGETATION. LOT GRADING TYPE A ALL DRAINAGE TO STREET LOT GRADING TYPE C ALL DRAINAGE TO REAR LOT LINE Single Family Residential Lot Drainage Types (Federal Housing Administration, Land Planning Bulletin No. 3) City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 178 E.2 Block Grading Types (Source; Federal Housing Administration Land Planning Bulletin No. 3) Block Grading Type 1 has a ridge along the rear lot lines and each lot is graded to drain surface water directly to the street independent of other properties. It is the most simple and desirable type of block grading. Topography, however, will often require other types of block grading types. Block Grading Type 2 for a gentle cross -slope involves drainage of some surface water from lots of the high side of the block across the lower tier of lots. Difficulties are not encountered, however, if slopes are gentle and if the water always drains over short routes to the streets and does not concentrate or accumulate in volume at any point inside the block. Block Grading Type 3 for steep cross -slopes and Type 4 for a valley along rear lot lines require special provision for block drainage and erosion control. Erosion is controlled by provision of intercepting drainage swales in easements at the top of the rear lot incline or at intermediate locations along it, and by treatment of the steep slope itself. Drainage easements in Block Types 3 and 5 must have alignment, width, and improvements appropriate for the expected use and maintenance. Assurance of a permanent outfall is essential. The easements must be permanently established by proper legal methods, with continuous maintenance assured by public authority, property -owners' association or individual owners, as appropriate to the situation. Walls, buildings and any other obstructions to drainage flow, such as dense planting or tight fencing, must be legally prohibited in the easement area. PRDTECTIYE SLOPES SIDE SRALE OR dtAlDI REAR DRAINAGE SWJUS t a� i � ! ..�►� n- i..— - .J 05 L07 02"398•TRE A LOT GRADING TYPE A BLOCK GRADING TYPE .1: RIDGE ALONG REAR LOT LIMES City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 179 REAR ORAIME SYALE DRAINAGE MID ROTECTIYE SLOPES SIDE SYALE OR CYAIIEL REAR SLOPE TO LOYER LOT man." j �f� [ 1 LOT ROM WE A LOT GRAOIRG TY►E'E BLOCK GRADING TYPE 2: 6ENTLE CROSS -SLOPE REAR DRAIRAGE SHALES ORAIRAOE OI11DE SIDE SYALE OR CHARM ORAIYAO5 E g11ALE ME SYALE OR CHANNEL PROTECTIVE SLOPES r r 4y »- POSSIBLE LOCATIOSS OF REAR PRAMSE ElSERfl[TS TO FROM ODTFALL f l 7 LOT OWING. TYPE A L07 GRADING TYPE C BLOCK GRADING TYPE 3: STEEP CROSS -SLOPE City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 180 City of Fort Worth Storrnwater Criteria Manua] 181 Appendix F - Stormwater Utility Fee Credit Policy Includes: Stormwater Utility Fee Credit Policy Development Incentives and Integrated Design Point System City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 182 Authority and Purpose The City of Fort Worth (City) adopted an ordinance (No.16781) creating a Storm Water Utility (Utility) in July 2006 to provide a stable and equitable funding for its storm water management program. Developed properties are charged monthly storm water utility fees based primarily on the amount of impervious area on a parcel of property. The ordinance establishing the Utility also gives the Transportation and Public Works Director the authority in Section 12.5-343(C) to grant credits (Credits) to rate payers who voluntarily use storm water quality management techniques or Best Management Practices (BMPs) to offset the impact of their property on storm water runoff. These credits are applied as percent discounts to regular monthly storm water fees. A general scheme of granting credits was developed by citizen task force and presented to the City Council for comment in 2008. The purpose of this Credit Manual is to set out the specific conditions that must be achieved to qualify for Credits. Each credit listed below is given to encourage voluntary practices which will benefit theStorm Water Management (S WM) program. Eli ibili It is infeasible to review, validate, and monitor practices at single-family residences. Therefore, only non - single family properties are eligible for credits. Credits are awarded to the water bill account. Types of Credits Credits are available under the following BMP categories. The percentages reflect maximum possible credit award. 1). Industrial Permit Compliance: 2). Detention Maintenance: 3). Zero Discharge: 4). Channel Protection Detention: 5). Water Quality Treatment: 6). Inlet Trash Collection: 7). Parking Lot Sweeping: 8). Student Education: 9). Adopt A -Creek: 10). Special Measures: City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 10% 20% 80% 16% 25% 10% Minimum 5%, maximum on case -by -case 10% 5% Maximum on case -by -case 183 Conditions for Credit The following general conditions apply: • Credit is valid for a year, and will require yearly renewals; • Deadline for annual renewals is March 31; + Credit applicant agrees to their facility being inspected; • Annual self -inspection of facilities and reporting is required for renewal; • A maintenance plan for credits associated with detention and retention ponds is required; • Incomplete or untimely submission by renewal deadline will be automatically suspended for 3 months. Administration of Credit Program The Credit program will be administered as follows: • The Engineering Manager or designee in SWM will be responsible for the overall administration of the program; • The Water Quality Engineer in SWM will be the point -of -contact for accepting, reviewing and authorizing the individual credit application; • Once credit is authorized, the application will be sent to SWM's Billing Section which will be responsible for amending the account for change in storm water utility fees with the credit; • Credit will be given to the applicant on the next billing cycle following receipt of completed application. Next, the individual Credit categories are discussed. Industrial Permit Compliance (10% cred j§ Industrial facilities (Facility) in the City that are required by the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) to obtain coverage under the Multi -Sector General Permit (TXR050000) for storm water discharge, or another applicable storm water general permit (1XG110000, TXG340000) or individual permit, may be eligible under this category. Facilities with a No Exposure Certification (NEC) are also eligible for the fee credit if compliance with all NEC requirements is maintained. The following conditions apply for this category: a). The Facility is in compliance with all applicable permit requirements; b). Water quality testing results from permitting are consistently at or below their benchmark levels or permitted effluent limits during each,sampling event. When results exceed benchmarks or effluent limits, Appropriate actions, documented in the Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan, must be taken to reduce pollutant discharge. Continued elevated levels may result in suspension of Credit. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 184 c). Copies of the water quality testing results must be submitted to the SWM Water Quality Engineer as and when they 6ccur. d). A copy ofthe Facility's annual compliance inspection report and a copy of the Facility's Storm water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) required by the permit. Detention Maintenance Credit (20% credits A maximum of 20% credit will be given to impervious areas draining into detention and retention pond facilities which are maintained in accordance with a city approved maintenance plan. The owner of the facilities must submit an annual self -report by the March 3 1 ' deadline. Zero Discharge Credit (80% credit) A credit of up to 80% will be given for impervious areas which drain to a retention pond that is designed and operated to contain runofffrom a 100 year 24•hour storm without discharge from the property. Retention pond with lower levels of service will be considered for a pro -rated credit. This credit is intended for runoff thaes. stored in retention ponds for later re -use. A signed and sealed study by a qualified engineer must be approved by SWMfor this credit to be granted. Property owners interested in this credit should meet with SWM staffprior to engaging an engineer to perform the study to understand the engineering analysis required to meet the qualifying standards. Channel Protection Detention Credit (10% credit) A 10% credit will be given for impervious areas draining to a detention or retention facility that is designed to discharge a one year storm over 24 hours. The purpose of this control is to reduce the impact of flows and velocities on channel banks and is normally associated with the City's iSWM development standards. A signed and sealed study by a qualified engineer must be approved by SWM for this credit to be granted. Property owners interested in this credit should meet with SWM staff prior to engaging an engineer to perform the study to understand the engineering analysis required to meet the qualifying standards. Water Quality Treatment Credit (25% credit) Up to 25% credit will be given for impervious areas draining to a water quality treatment control BMP that on average annual basis removes.80% TSS or detains the 85s' percentile storm (I NJ over 24-hours. A maintenance plan for the BMP is required. A signed and sealed study by a qualified engineer must be approved by SWM for this credit to be granted. Property owners interested in this credit should meet with SWM stafiprior to engaging an engineer to perform the study to understand the engineering analysis required to meet the qualifying standards. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 185 Inlet Trash Collection L10% credit) Up to 10% credit will be given for impervious areas draining to inlet BrO devices that are designed and operated to collect fitter and sediment from minor flows of less than one year storm frequency. The inlet BW devices should not pose additional flooding risks around the inlet area. Approval must be given for the specific design of the fitting, including manufacturer's recommended maintenance and frequency. Annual self -reporting is required. Parking Lot Sweeping (Minimum 5%, maximum on case -by -ease basis) The 5% credit will be given for a parking lot swept once weekly. More intense sweeping and cleaning in environmentally sensitive areas may be eligible for higher levels of credit on a case -by -case basis. Student Education (10%) Up to 10% credit will be given to public or private 1{ 12 educational facilities where an average of one hour/student of age appropriate storm water related teaching is provided each year. Eligible topics include: flood protection, public safety and environmental stewardship and other subject material approved by the City. A sample educational template is available from the SWM Water Quality Engineer. Adopt -A -Creek (5016) Up to 5% credit will be given to qualifying organizations that commit to clean City waterways for trash. Organizations are encouraged to participate in city-wide, cleanup efforts such as the Cowtown Great American Cleanup event while earning credits from this category. special mensures (maximum on case -by -case) Recognizing that there may be measures for water quality improvement not identified in the previously listed category, this category allows awarding credit for special measures that are supportive of broader storm water management goals and objectives. These include measures that solve or improve water quantity and quality concerns for which the City has encountered various feasibility constraints. Credit under this category will be awarded on a case -by -case basis. In many cases, a signed and sealed study by a qualified engineer must be approved by SWM for this credit to be granted. Property owners interested in this credit should meet with SWM staff prior to engaging an engineer to perform the study to understand the engineering analysis required to meet the qualifying standards. City of Fort Worth Storrnwater Criteria Manual 186 No fees are required to submit an application for a storm water credit. The cost of administering this program will be borne solely by SWM. Application for Credits All applicants must complete the attached Application for Storm Water Fee Credit. Industrial facilities applying for the Industrial Permit Compliance credit must also complete the Supplemental Industrial Permit information form. All required attachments indicated in the forms or specified above must be included for the application to be considered complete. The initial review of Storm Water Credit Applications will be completed within 60 days of the receipt of the application form and required documentations.. The application forms will be checked for completeness and accuracy. If deficiencies are found during the review, a deficiency letter or email will be sent to the applicant. Upon receipt of required additional information, the review will resume and be completed within 60 days of receipt of additional information. Upon qualifications, a letter or email will be sent to the applicant notifying them of approval of the credit. The storm water utility fee reduction will be applied to the next regular billing cycle. Inspections Upon application for a credit; the applicant shall grant the City a right -of -entry to inspect the site at any .time to verify the information submitted and to confirm compliance with applicable program requirements. If, after its review or inspection, the City finds the application to be inaccurate or the facility to be out of compliance, the applicant will be notified in writing and given up to 45 days to correct 'the deficiency. The applicant must provide written documentation to the City within 45 days of the original notice by the City that the facility is now meeting all program requirements along with evidence that the deficiency has been corrected. If the deficiency is not satisfactorily corrected, the fee credit will be terminated on the following billing cycle. The credit suspension will remain in effect a minimum of 6 months, after which time the facility may reapply for the fee credit. The reapplication must include evidence that the deficiency has been corrected and that the facility has been in compliance with the program requirements for at least 3 months prior to reapplication. APPROVED: Douglas W. Wiersig, F.E. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual Date 187 FORT WORTH Application for Storm Water Fee Credit (Please Type or Print) Check One: ❑ This is the first application for credit for this facility. ❑ This is a reapplication for renewed credit after a credit suspension. 'PART I A I Facili :Information- 1. Facility Name: 2. Physical Address of Facility: (enter ins aces below) Street Number. Street Name: Zip Code: 3. Mailing Address: Is mailing address same as above? ❑Yes ❑ irno, provide below Street Number: Street Name: City: State: Zip Code: _B �A - licant Contact Information _. ' _.. . _ _ 1. Name: 2. Title: 3. Phone No.: ( ) Ext: 4. Fax No.: ( ) 5. E-mail address: C Credits applied for (check all that apply) ❑Industrial Permit Compliance (complete Supplemental Industrial Permit Information Fonn and include all required attachments) ❑ Zero Discharge (submit drainage study by licensed Professional Engineer) ❑Detention Maintenance (submit approved Maintenance Plan) ❑ Channel Protection Detention (submit design and calculations sealed by Professional Engineer) ❑ Water Quality Treatment (submit design and calculations sealed by Professional Engineer) ❑Inlet Trash Collection (submit drainage map, inlet design details and manufacturer's recommendations for operation and maintenance) El Student Education (submit information regarding curriculum and student hours). ❑Adapt a Creek (submit information regarding proposed clean up project, including location of creek or channel, date of activity, number of volunteers expected, and specific support by City forces needed to accomplish project) ❑Parking Lot Sweeping (submit map and schedule showing areas and frequency of sweeping to be accomplished) CFW Storm Water Utility Fec-Credit Application Page 6 City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 188 FORT WORTH Storm Water Fee Credit Application PART II Sienature and ADnroval I I hereby stare that the inforrrratitra in this application, including all attachments and supplemental forms, is $rite to the best of my brendedge and ackrrotrledge that any attempt to purposely supply irrcorrec► infonuarion may result in denial of the credit application. I farther understand the review of the documenis submitted by me may rake rip to silly (60) days to complete and that submissions which do riot contain rite correct information or that are otherwise incamplete will be delayed air additional sirey (60) dais after the elate lire corrected or nrissing information is provided to the City. Signature or Applicant Title bate Submit application and all attachments to: Case No. SW Act No. City of Fort Worth TPW S►onn IVaterManagernewDivision 1000 Throckmorton St. Credits approved: % Fort Worth TX 76102 ATrN: Storm Water Utility Fee Review I Approved by Date CF%V Storm Water MiLity Fee47rxdit Application Page 7 City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 189 FORT WORTH Storm Water Fee Credit Application Supplemental Industrial Permit Information Form A Permit Information 1. Facility Name: (as listed on Nol or NEC) 2. TPDES Permit No.: 3. Primary SIC Code: 4. Industrial Sector. 5. Date Industrial Operations Began: 6. Date NOI or NEC Filed with TCEQ: for Comm owncdgvrator -B 1 Compliance with.Current TPDES Storm Water Permit 1. Have all schedules of the current permit relating to monitoring, training, implementation of Best Management Practices (BMPs) and compliance with the Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) been met for the preceding 12 month period? -or- For facilities with a No Exposure Certification, have all eleven of the no exposure requirements been met for the preceding 12 month period? ❑Yes []No If the answer is no, provide a summary description of the current permit requirement/schedule that has not been met, cause for non -attainment, compliance schedule, and current efforts to complete this activity (attach additional pages if necessary). City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 190 FORT WORTH Storm Water Fee Credit Application Supplemental Industrial Permit information Form C I Attachments _ All required attachments must be included for the application to be considered complete (not required for facilities with No Exposure Certification). ATTACHMENT 1 A copy of your Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan: Include records for spills, Best Management Practice (BMP) maintenance, training, employee education, periodic inspections, and quarterly visual monitoring for the previous 12 month period. A copy of the permit does not need to be included. ATTACHMENT 2 Most recent Annual Comprehensive Site Compliance Evaluation Report ATTACHMENT 3 Annual Hazardous Metals Monitoring (Numeric Effluent Limitations) Have you obtained a waiver from hazardous metals testing for all or a portion of the metals and outfalls? Waivers may be obtained on a metal by metal basis, or on an outfall by outfaIl basis. ❑ A waiver has been obtained for all metals at all outfalls. Attach a copy of the signed waiver (form TCEQ-10425). ❑ A waiver has been obtained for only a portion of the metals and/or outfalls. Attach a copy of the signed. waiver (form TCEQ-10425) and a copy of your most recent results.(use EPA form 3320-1). ❑ A waiver has not been obtained. Attach a copy of your most recent results (use EPA form 3320-1). ATTACHMENT 4 Benchmark Monitoring Report. Not all facilities must conduct benchmark monitoring. No SIC codes in Sectors I, P, R, V, W, X, Z, AB, AC, or AD require benchmark monitoring. Is Benchmark Monitoring required for your facility? ❑Yes ❑No If yes, attach a copy of your most recent Report of Benchmark Monitoring Data submitted to TCEQ (Form TCEQ-20091). City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 191 Point System All sites that wish to receive City stormwater fee credits must provide on -site enhanced water quality protection. Under the integrated Site Design Practice option, sites that accumulate a minimum number of points by incorporating integrated Site Design Practices are considered to have provided enhanced water quality protection. The point system is made up of three components: 1. The initial percentage of the site that has been previously disturbed sets the minimum requirement. This is shown in the left-hand column of Table F.1. 2. A minimum required total of Water Quality Protection (WQP) points are needed to meet the basic water quality criteria. This minimum is shown in the center column of Table F.1. 3. Optional additional points can be accumulated through additional use of Site Design Practices to be eligible for developer incentives. Each developer incentive attained requires ten (10) additional Site Design Practice points above the minimum required points as shown in the right-hand column of Table F.1. As shown in Table F.1, the initial percentage of site disturbance sets the minimum required points necessary to meet Water Quality Protection criteria. If a Developer wishes to go beyond this minimum then the number of additional points required to attain specific development incentives is also given. Table F.1 integrated Site Design Point Requirements Percentage of Site (by Area) with Natural Features Prior to Proposed Development Minimum Required Points for Water Quality Protection WQp Additional Points Above WQP for Development Incentives > 50% 50 10 points each 20 - 50% 30 10 points each < 20% 20 10 points each The minimum number of points required to achieve WQP, as shown in the center column of Table F.1, depends on the proportion of undisturbed natural features that exist on the site before it is developed. It is assumed that disturbing a site that has little previously disturbed area will cause more relative environmental impact than a site that has already incurred significant site disturbance. Therefore, disturbing a "pristine" site carries a higher restoration/preservation requirement. For the purpose of this evaluation, undisturbed natural features are areas with one or more of the following characteristics: • Unfilled floodplain • Stand of trees, forests • Established vegetation • Steep sloped terrain • Creeks, gullies, and other natural stormwater features • Wetland areas and ponds The number of points credited for the use of integrated Site Design Practices is shown in Table F.2. To determine the qualifying points for a site, the Developer must reference Table F.2 and follow the guidance for each practice in the Planning Technical Manual. Using the area of the site that is eligible for a practice as a basis, points are given for the percent of that area to which the integrated Site Design Practice is applied. For example, if a planned site has four (4) acres of riparian buffer and the Developer proposes to preserve two (2) acres, then the site would qualify for 50 percent of the 8 credit points for iSWM Site Design Practice 2 (Preserve Riparian Buffers), because 50 percent of the site design City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 192 practice was incorporated. The actual points earned for iSWM Site Design Practice 2 would be 4 points (0.50 * 8 pts = 4 pts). To comply with water quality protection and to apply for site design credits, the Developer must submit the completed table and associated documentation or calculations to the City. The Water Quality Protection Volume requirement is encouraged but not mandatory in the City, except as may be required by Tarrant Regional Water District for new facilities connecting directly with the Trinity River. Table F.2 Point System for integrated Site Design Practices iSWM Practice Na. Practice Percent of Eligible Area' using Practice_ _max. Maximum Points. Actual Points Earned o (/o practice used oints Conservation of Natural Features and Resources 1 Preserve/Create Undisturbed Natural Areas 8 2 Preserve or Create Riparian Buffers Where Applicable 8 3 void Existing Floodplains or Provide Dedicated Natural Drainage Easements 8 4 void Steep Slopes 3 5 IMinimize Site on Porous or Erodible Soils 3 Lower Impact Site Design 6 Fit Design to the Terrain 4 7 Locate Development in Less Sensitive Areas 4 a Reduce Limits of Clearing and Grading 6 9 Utilize Open Space Development 8 10 Incorporate Creative Design (e.g. Smart Growth, LEED ,Design, Form Based Zoning) 8 Reduction of Impervious Cover 11 Reduce Roadway Lengths and Widths 4 12 Reduce Building Footprints 4 13 Reduce the Parking Footprint 5 14 Reduce Setbacks and Frontages 4 15 jUse Fewer or Alternative Cul-de-Sacs 3 16 Create Parking Lot Stormwater "Islands" 5 Utilization of Natural Features 17 Use Buffers and Undisturbed Areas 4 18 Use Natural Drainageways Instead of Storm Sewers 4 19 Use Vegetated Swale Design 3 20 Drain Runoff to Pervious Areas 4 Subtotal —Actual site points earned 100 Subtract minimum points required (Table F.1) Points available for development incentives Add 1 point for each 1 % reduction of impervious surface f Total Points for Development Incentives City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 193 Development Incentives The Developer can use integrated Site Design Practice points in excess of the minimum required for water quality protection to qualify for development incentives provided by the City. Additional points can be earned for redevelopment sites. Each reduction of one (1) percent imperviousness from existing conditions qualifies for one (1) site design point. The total points available for development incentives shall be calculated per Table F.2. Each incentive requires ten (10) additional points above the minimum point required to meet water quality criteria, as stated in Table F.1. A list of available development incentives includes: 1. Narrower pavement width for minor arterials 2. Use of vegetated swales in lieu of curb and gutter for eligible developments 3. Reduced ROW requirements, i.e. Sidewalk/Utility Easements 4. Increased density in buildable area, floor area ratios, or additional units in buildable area 5. Expedited plans review and inspection 6. Waiver or reduction of fees 7. Local government public -private partnerships 8. Waiver of maintenance, public maintenance 9. Stormwater user fee credits or discounts 10. Rebates, local grants, reverse auctions 11. Low interest loans, subsidies, tax credits, or financing of special green projects 12. Awards and recognition programs 13. Reductions in other requirements The Development Incentives and Integrated Design point system described above are not adopted by the City. City development policies, however, encourage the incorporation of stormwater controls for achieving stormwater quality goals through the acceptance of perpetual, limited maintenance of preserved streams and by affording flexibility in placing stormwater quality treatment controls in land required for other purposes such as parks or commercial landscape areas. The City has adopted a stormwater fee credit system, which provides monthly fee discounts where BMP's are provided. These include credits for the following structural BMP's: Water Quality Controls-----25% credit Channel Protection Detention-10% credit • Detention Basins-5% credit for maintenance and annual self -inspection in accordance with Private Maintenance Agreement These credits apply to fees associated with impervious areas treated by these controls. Water quality and channel protection controls must be designed in accordance with standards adopted in this manual. City of Fort Worth Stormwater Criteria Manual 194