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HomeMy WebLinkAboutOrdinance 21086-01-2014 ORDINANCE NO. 21086-01-2014 AN ORDINANCE AMENDING THE ZONING ORDINANCE OF THE CITY OF FORT WORTH, BEING ORDINANCE NO. 13896, AS AMENDED, CODIFIED AS APPENDIX "A" OF THE CODE OF THE CITY OF FORT WORTH, TO AMEND CHAPTER 4 "ZONING DISTRICTS" ARTICLE 4 "OVERLAY DISTRICTS", SECTION 4.401, "HISTORIC PRESERVATION OVERLAY DISTRICTS ("HSE," "HC," "DD")" TO REVISE IN ITS ENTIRETY THE DESIGN GUIDELINES FOR THE FAIRMOUNT SOUTHSIDE HISTORIC DISTRICT;PROVIDING THAT THIS ORDINANCE SHALL BE CUMULATIVE OF ALL ORDINANCES; PROVIDING A SAVINGS CLAUSE; PROVIDING A SEVERABILITY CLAUSE; PROVIDING A PENALTY CLAUSE; PROVIDING FOR PUBLICATION IN THE OFFICIAL NEWSPAPER AND PROVIDING AN EFFECTIVE DATE. WHEREAS, October 1990, the City Council established the Fairmount Southside Historic District; and WHEREAS, Fairmount Southside Historic District design guidelines were adopted by the City Council in 1.992 to establish the acceptable physical characteristics of each building or structure or site in the historic district, and any modifications thereto, including layout an location of site, size, shape, materials, fenestrations; and WHEREAS, the guidelines for the Fairmount Southside Historic District have not been had a comprehensive review since 1991; and WHEREAS, the Fairmount Southside Historic Neighborhood Association with City staff recommends revising the design guidelines to change subjective guidelines to standards; add an educational and illustrative component to provide clarity to the standards and aid staff and the Historic and Cultural Landmarks Commission review of certificates of appropriateness; add new standards to address alternative building materials and Ordinance No. 21086-01-2014 Pagel of 4 sustainability and lastly to incorporate changes made to the Historic Preservation Ordinance; and WHEREAS, the Historic and Cultural Landmarks Commission and Zoning Commission recommends approval and adoption of the revised design standards and guidelines; NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT ORDAINED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF FORT WORTH, TEXAS AS FOLLOWS: SECTION 1. Section 4.401 "Historic preservation overlay district ("HSE," "HC," "DD")" of Chapter 4, "Zoning Districts", Article 4 "Overlay District, of Ordinance No. 13896, the Zoning Ordinance of the City of Fort Worth, is amended to revise in its entirety the design guidelines for the Fairmount Southside Historic District as referenced in attached Exhibit "A". The Fairmount Southside Historic District Design Standards and Guidelines are hereby approved by the City Council and are included in the zoning ordinance by reference. SECTION 2. That this ordinance shall be cumulative of all other ordinances of the City of Fort Worth affecting zoning and shall not repeal any of the provisions of such ordinances, except in those instances where provisions of such ordinances are in direct conflict with the provisions of this ordinance. SECTION 3. That all rights or remedies of the City of Fort Worth, Texas, are expressly saved as to any and all violations of Ordinance Nos. 3011, 13896, or any amendments thereto that Ordinance No. 21086-01-2014 Page 2 of 4 have accrued at the time of the effective date of this ordinance; and as to such accrued violations, and all pending litigation, both civil or criminal, same shall not be affected by this ordinance but may be prosecuted until final disposition by the courts. SECTION 4. That it is hereby declared to be the intention of the City Council that the sections, paragraphs, sentences, clauses and phrases of this ordinance are severable, and if any phrase, clause, sentence, paragraph or section of this ordinance shall be declared void, ineffective or unconstitutional by the valid judgment or decree of any court of competent jurisdiction, such voidness, ineffectiveness or unconstitutionality shall not affect any of the remaining phrases, clauses, sentences, paragraphs or sections of this ordinance, since the same would have been enacted by the City Council without the incorporation herein of any such void, ineffective or unconstitutional phrase, clause, sentence, paragraph or section. SECTION 5. That any person, firm or corporation who violates, disobeys, omits, neglects or refuses to comply with or who resists the enforcement of any of the provisions of this ordinance shall be fined not more than Two Thousand Dollars ($2000.00) for each offense. Each day that a violation is permitted to exist shall constitute a separate offense. SECTION 6. That the City Secretary of the City of Fort Worth, Texas is hereby directed to publish this ordinance for two (2) days in the official newspaper of the City of Fort Worth, Texas, as authorized by Section 52.013, Texas Local Government Code. Ordinance No. 21086-01-2014 Page 3 of 4 SECTION 7. This ordinance shall take effect after adoption and publication as required by law. APPROVED AS TO FORM AND LEGALITY: ...... E ,s By: Assistant City Attorney Mary Kayser, i y ecre y r w Adopted: January 7 2014 Effective: Ordinance No. 21086-01-2014 Page 4 of 4 N :5 SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION AND ARCHITECTURAL STYLE INTRODUCTION frame bungalows being the most common configuration. ydn» got Variations on the Four Square form are scattered throughout the This guide has been compiled for the residents and property District. Fairmount/Southside's grandest homes are concentrated i h f i the District and reflect a variety he eastern sections o owners in the Fairmount/Southside Historic District. Preservation, in t of restoration and adaptive reuse of old structures makes sense stylistic influences. aesthetically, environmentally, and economically. Restoration is often less expensive than demolition or new construction. We hope Growth in the district generally reflected proximity to downtown this guide will aid current residents and property owners in and transportation routes. The streets were established on a grid � � restoring and maintaining the exterior of their properly. In with elongated blocks running north and south bisected by addition, we hope that anyone interested in buying property in alleyways. Streetcar lines ran along Magnolia, Fairmount, College Fairmount/Southside will find this guide helpful in deciding to and Hemphill Streets, defining growth patterns and areas of become part of our neighborhood where we are "Preserving the commercial development. Past and Planning the Future." HISTORY OF FAIRMOUNT NEIGHBORHOOD FPERIOD SIGNIFICANCE: 189o�-1940 TING STRUCTURES: ' Any building within a historic district that adds to the overall �` y ahistoric integrity and architectural quality of the district. ` NON-CONTRIBUTING STRUCTURES: A building within a historic district that does not contributjto the historic character of the district.These buildings were usuconstructed prior to or after the era of significance. (1890-194 The Fairmount/Southside Historic District is a remarkably intact ! neighborhood, representative of the early twentieth-century l I ; streetcar suburb, with a diversity of house forms and related� RIGHT: Early streetcar institutional and commercial properties. Fairmount/Southside is. lines in Fairmount. a / situated on the near south side of Fort Worth, approximately two miles south of downtown. Boundaries of the area form a rectangle d of about 375 acres (or o.6 square mile). Fairmount was developed REMINDER: All exterior work requiring a building permit requires a as a middle class residential area between 1885 and 1940 with the Certificate of Appropriateness and must conform with all of City of p largest concentration of houses dating from 1905 to 1920. The' Fort Worth ordinances. It is helpful when using these guidelines to be predominant structure is the single-family residence, with wood familiar with your architectural style. Although Fairmount/Southside contains parts Of 22 subdivisions, the core area DISTRICT BOUNDARIES has a consistent, unified feeling. While variations in scale do appear, the dominant impression of Fairmount/Southside is of block upon block of small houses, closely spaced, with small front yards, set back from the street. The Fairmount Southside Historic District is roughly bounded by Magnolia to Although alleyways were platted, few were open or in use at the time of the the North, 8th Avenue to the West, Jessamine to the South, and Hemphill to the original survey. Currently most alleyways were open and usable, although some East, although there are many exceptions along the perimeter. The map below had been vacated to the owners on either side or gated at each end. Shade trees highlights the area of the District: occur in places throughout the District, with no regular pattern of landscaping. In places, the collision of subdivisions creates a jog in the street or a shift in the Fairmount Southside Historic District street axis. —7 k SIP J The earliest homes built in Fairmount/Southside reflect Victorian influences i dominant in residential architecture throughout the turn of the century. Examples of Victorian architecture occur in the northern section between Henderson Street and Sixth Avenue. The move away from Victorian and Queen Anne toward symmetry in the early twentieth century is illustrated by the popularity of the Four Square in Fairmount/Southside. This form allowed for more substantial homes than the modest bungalow, Four Squares generally are two or two and one-half stories. While Fairmount/Southside includes many large homes,it was predominantly a ........ middle-class neighborhood where the modest bungalow was the most common house form. Some of the early Fairmount/Southside houses, particularly in the northern sector of the nste etngwith vestiges of a Que Anne cottage. After this transitional style came the Arts &Crafts style bungalow with their exposed rafter tails or eave brackets that _1 are this style's main identifying elements. ....... With the great growth of Fairmount/Southside after 1905, apartment buildings became a significant element in the District. Two of the earliest apartment buildings, both of three stories, are reminiscent of the 'triple deckers' common in New England and the Midwest, and unusual in this region. Fairmount's Tudor Revival apartment buildings were a very popular style for apartment construction in Texas during the 1920'S. The District includes many early twentieth-century commercial buildings. Commercial buildings are clustered along Magnolia Avenue and Hemphill Street. Pockets of commercial buildings survive along former streetcar routes, notably at the intersection of College Avenue and Jefferson Street, at the intersection of Fairmount and West Allen Avenues, at and near the intersection of Fifth and West Allen Avenues, and at the south end of College Avenue. Most are simple, one or two story Commercial style brick structures with storefront windows. Fairmount/Southside contains quite varied examples of church and school architecture. The styles include French and Tudor Gothic Revival, and _J1 Classical Revival. Legend Fairmount Boundary 0 '180 360 720 1,080 1,440 I 7O FAIRMOUNT SOUTHSIDE HISTORIC DISTRICT BOUNDARIES Ithe north line of Lot 8-R, of said Addition, to the southwest corner of Lot 7-R of Layman's Version said Addition; (1200 W. Magnolia Av) �5 THENCE: with the west line of said Lot 7-R, north, to its northwest corner; Beginning at the center line of Magnolia Avenue and Hurley Avenue, continue south to the rear property line Of 1501 Magnolia, thence west to 8th Avenue, �6 THENCE: with the north line of said Lot 7-R, east, to its northwest corner, thence south to Morphy, thence east to the alley behind lots facing east on passing its northeast corner,to the centerline of South Henderson Street; Hurley Avenue, thence following the alley south continuing south where it becomes the parking lot in front Of 1719 8 Avenue to the center line o f 7 THENCE: with said centerline,south to the northwest corner of Lot 9-R th Jessamine Street, thence east on Jessamine Street to the alley behind lots facing 8 THENCE: with the north line of said Lot 9-R, east to its northeast corner west on Lipscomb Street, thence to the rear property line of 801 Powell Avenue, continue east along the rear property line Of 717 Powell Avenue, thence north to 9 THENCE: north to its intersection of the north line of the south half of Lot the center line of Powell Avenue, thence west on Powell Avenue to the alley 7,of said Addition projected west; (1120 W. Magnolia) behind the lots facing west on Lipscomb Street, thence north to the southwest corner of 220o Hemphill Street, follow the south property line to the center line lo THENCE: east, to and along the north line of the south half of said Lot 7, of Hemphill Street, thence north along the center line at Hemphill Street across passing its northeast corner to its intersection with the centerline of South Hawthorne Avenue to the north property line Of 2008 Hemphill, follow the Adams Street; (1228 S. Henderson) north property line to the center line of Travis Avenue, thence north along the 111 THENCE: with said centerline, south to its intersection with the centerline center line of Travis Avenue continuing north where it becomes the alley of West Magnolia Avenue; between Lipscomb and Hemphill Streets, thence to the east following the rear; property line of 803 Jefferson Street to the center line of Hemphill Street, 112 THENCE: with said centerline, east to its intersection with the centerline of thence north to the center line of Allen Avenue, thence west to the alley between Washington Avenue; Lipscomb and Hemphill Streets, thence north along the alley to the center line of Myrtle Street, thence continue north along Travis Avenue to the intersection 113 THENCE: with said centerline, north to its intersection with the north line of Magnolia Avenue, thence west along the center line of Magnolia Avenue to Of Lot 14-R-1, Block 3, McAnulty and Nesbitt Addition, projected west; (l000 the intersection of College Avenue, thence north to the rear property line of W. Magnolia parking lot) l000 W. Magnolia Avenue, thence west to the intersection of Washington Avenue, thence south along the center line of Washington Avenue to the 14 THENCE: east, to and along the north line of said Lot 14-R-1, to the intersection of Magnolia Avenue, thence west along the center line of Magnolia centerline of the alley within said Block; Avenue to the intersection of Adams Street, thence north to the north property line of 1228 Adams Street, thence west along the north property lines of 1228 15 THENCE: with said centerline, south to its intersection with the most Henderson to the intersection of Fifth Avenue, thence south along the center easterly north line of said Lot; line of Fifth Avenue to the intersection of Magnolia Avenue, thence west along 16 THENCE: with said line, to and along the north line of Lot 13-R, of said the center line of Magnolia Avenue to the beginning at Hurley Avenue. Addition, passing its northeast corner, to its intersection with the centerline of College Avenue; (l000 W. Magnolia Av) LEGAL SUBDIVISION DESCRIPTION OF THE FAIRMOUNT HISTORIC DISTRICT 17 THENCE: with said centerline, south to its intersection with the centerline 1 BEGINNING at the intersection of the centerline of West Magnolia Avenue of West Magnolia Avenue; with the centerline of Hurley Avenue, as projected from the south; (1301 Hurley 18 THENCE: with said centerline, east to its intersection with the centerline of Av) Travis Avenue; (80o W. Magnolia) 2 THENCE: with said centerline, east to its intersection with the centerline of 19 THENCE: with said centerline, south to the northeast comer of Lot i-R of Fifth Avenue; (1300 5th Av) Hendrick's Subdivision; (to Ingram) 3 THENCE: with said centerline, north to its intersection with the north line 20 THENCE: with the east line of said Lot 1-R, south, passing its southeast of Lot 9R, Block 3, McClelland Addition, projected west; (1208 W. Magnolia Av) corner to its intersection with the centerline of Feliks Gwozdz Place; (1501 4 THENCE: east, to and along the north line of said Lot 9-R, and to and along Lipscomb) 21 THENCE: with said centerline, west, to its intersection with the most 1(717 W. Powell) northerly east line of the A. Brown Subdivision of Block C-1, of Bellevue Hill Addition, projected north; (150o Lipscomb, 1519 Lipscomb) 37 THENCE: west along the south boundary of said Lot to the centerline of the alley between Blocks Al and D4; (721 W. Powell) 22 THENCE: south to and along said east line, crossing West Maddox Avenue, and to and along the east line of Block 1, Fire Station Park Addition, to its 38 THENCE: along the centerline of the alley between Blocks A-1 and D4, Belle- intersection with the centerline of W.Allen Avenue; (1600 Lipscomb to Allen) vue Hill Addition, to its intersection with the centerline of West Jessamine Street; (Soo W.Jessamine) 23 THENCE; with said centerline,west,to its intersection with the centerline of South Lipscomb Street; (excludes Chase Court) 39 THENCE: with said centerline,west, to its intersection with the centerline of College Avenue; 24 THENCE: with said centerline, south to its intersection with the centerline of Jefferson Ave 4o THENCE: with said centerline, south, to its intersection with the centerline of West Jessamine Street; (226o College Av) 25 THENCE: with said centerline, east to its intersection with the centerline of Hemphill Street; (1800 Hemphill) 41 THENCE: with said centerline,west, to its intersection with the centerline of the alley within Block 28, Fairmount Addition, projected south; (alley between 26 THENCE: with said right-of-way, south, to the southeast corner of Lot 3, Hurley and 8th Av) Block P, Bellevue Hill Addition; 42 THENCE: north,to and along said centerline, crossing Mitchell Avenue, and 27 THENCE: with the south line of said Lot, west, passing its southwest corner, with the centerline of the alley included within Block 21, Fairmount Addition, to the east line of Block J, Bellevue Hill Addition; crossing West Arlington Avenue, and with the centerline of the alley included within Block 20, Fairmount Addition, crossing West Richmond Avenue, and 28 THENCE: with said east line,passing its southeast corner, to its intersection with the centerline of the alley included within Block 11, Fairmount Addition, with the centerline of West Richmond Avenue; crossing Park Place, and with the centerline of the alley included within the 29 THENCE: with said centerline, east, to its intersection with the centerline of original Block io, Fairmount Addition, crossing Allen Avenue, and with the Travis Avenue; centerline of the alley included within Block 1, Fairmount Addition,to and along the centerline of the alley within Block 1, Stewart Addition, to and along the 3o THENCE: with said centerline, south to its intersection with the north line centerline of the alley within Block 9, Loyd's Addition, to the south right-of-way of Lot A-1, of E. B. Webster's Subdivision of Block 8, Bellevue Hill Addition, of Myrtle Street; (alley from Jessamine to Myrtle) projected west; 43 THENCE: northwesterly, crossing Myrtle Street, to the south line of Block F, 31 THENCE: east, to and along said north line, to the east right-of-way of McAnulty and Nye Subdivision, at a distance of some 70 feet west of the south- Hemphill Street; (20o8 Hemphill) east corner of said Block; 32 THENCE: with said right-of-way, south, crossing Hawthorne Avenue, and 44 THENCE: with a line some 70 feet westerly of the east line of said Block, crossing Lilac Street, to the southeast corner of Lot A, of Powell's Subdivision of north,to the south right-of-way of West Morphy Street; (parking lot at Hurley& Block B2, Bellevue Hill Addition; (2016 Hemphill, 2100 Lipscomb, and 2200 Morphy) Lipscomb) 45 THENCE: northwesterly crossing West Morphy Street, to the centerline of 33 THENCE: with the south line of said Lot,west, passing its southwest corner, the alley included within the original Block A, McAnulty and Nye Subdivision; to the centerline of the alley between Blocks B2 and C3, Bellevue Hill Addition; 46 THENCE: with the centerline of the alley included within the original Block 34 THENCE: with said centerline, south, to the centerline of West Powell A,north, to the south line of Lot 4-R, of said Block A; Avenue; 47 THENCE: with the south line of said Lot, to and along the original north line 35 THENCE: along said centerline of West Powell Avenue east to the northeast of Lot 12, of said Block A, passing the west right-of-way of Hurley Avenue,to its corner of Lot A,of Powell's Subdivision of Block A-1, Bellevue Hill Addition; intersection with the centerline of Hurley Avenue; 36 THENCE: south along the east boundary of said Lot to the southeast corner; 48 THENCE: with said centerline, north,to the Place of Beginning. D. 7� luod �� ��r� � t� ��� �dG���� �� � �� or� PURPOSE- -- designated the Fairmount/Southside National Register Historic District (roughly defined as bounded on the north by Magnolia Avenue,on the south A. The Fairmount/Southside H&C Landmark District Design Standards and by Jessamine Street, on the east by Hemphill Street and on the west by Guidelines for residential and commercial areas shall establish the Eighth Avenue). acceptable physical characteristics of each building or structure and site, and any modifications thereto, including layout and location of sitemize, I. In situations where these Standards and Guidelines do not address shape, ials and fenestration. specific situation, coomububoo with the Fairmount Historic Preservation Committee is strongly recommended. B. The Standards and Guidelines shall be U bl U structures and sit located-'the district(Contributing and-'-- ----'----g' and visible from DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS C. The Standards and shall ^^^~ ^~^~^~ use and ~~'~^`'^^^~^^^ A. The development standards in the Fort Worth [)evekonuxmnL Code as District,of the the historical significance of the District.discouraging alterations and modifications that detract from applicable to the Fuirmmuot/8ou[hoidn H&C District shall apply to all properties within the District. D. The Standards and Guidelines shoJ1 preserve and protect places of historic,; and c~'^"^~~ ^^^^y~^^~^^~~ as well as the ~'~^~~^ visual characteristics~ of the B. All ordinances followed,�ui�a]�o�o shall be �lon��` inoluding: Fairmount/ District. 8outhaide H&C Landmark District Design Guideliues; Secretary of the E. The Standards and Guidelines shall encourage proper land—use Iotodoc' Standards for Rehabilitation and Guidelines for Rehabilitating t u onooiog and adequate ourreoog between commercial and roy/ueuuau Historic Buildings; City of Fort Worth Ordinances. areas and discourage commercial expansion and encroachment into estab- lished residential areas. C. In the event of conflict, Fairmount/South side H&C Landmark District F. As required Worth City Ordinance covering the i of a Design Standards and Guidelines shall prevail or in the absence of a specific Historic aoo Cultural Lu000nacu uiuo/uz ouoye otauua,uu and uuiuouucu directive in these Standards and Guidelines ' u decision of the Historic and s""^^ be p"~^^s^^^~ for the use of '^~r`^�y ~''^^~^~ in the ^^^``~^~~ ~^s^^^~^ Cultural Landmarks Commission shall prevail. definitions The published version shall contain an explanation of the process required for implementation of these Standards and Guidelines in this District (e.g., - of such thin~ as routine maintenance, terminology used in the DEFINITION OF ^^SlAh\DARDS'r AND ^^GUX[]ELINESn, Landmark Commission). Standards are objective, measurable regulations, often illustrated through G. diagrams and okotrbmm with wdbiob all projects must cocunl, They will use --- -'—'--'-- --- --'---'— -'- ---"--- provide -- ���--- ��--�-�` -- l�m such as "shall" and "prohibit". If of exceptional design is r---'-'- while continuing — promote the ------ objectives.- - achieve clearly consistent with the Purpose of the Standards and Guidelines but does -'------' ----'---- — -- ------'-- --- Guidelines- -� - minimum not conform to a certain standard, the Historic and Cultural Landmark's ---= -' ---'---- - ----'`-'�—� owners, - committee- preservation- Corumiusioo (B(�Tl� roay approve uCedifiouteof/�oproycinteoeae (C(l&) that -minded- ---'-'---�-----'-- Historic District- residents shall- - available cites the project's with that purpose. Design Guidelines are more --'�- -' -- advisory --- -- individual projects= - -- -- District.- -- subjective statements through which the proposes additional design Neighborhood Association. The committee will be available to assist the� strategies-------- --- -- established as - -'-----`" committee- - -- Fairmount- mct vw and will use language such as "should" and "may". The guidelines Landmark Commission and applicants at the discretion and instr-uction o should be suitable for most projects, and developers should endeavor to ensure the Commission. that guidelines are followed to the extent possible. City staff and the HCLC will work with developers to explore design approaches that maximize conformance with guidelines.The HCLC shall not deny a COA solely because a project fails to comply with guidelines. TEXAS HISTORIC COMMISSION 4' histori- cal The Texas Historical Commission is the State agency responsible for coordination of 5. Distinctive fea�r�' finished and cooa�utbootechniques oroxaon ^ ^ picsnf craftsmanship that characterize o property shall bepreserved. Register iz Tax Act certifications, technical t U other 6. Deteriorated historic features shall be repaired rather than replaced. Where preservation related inquiries. Structures listed as contributors in the the severity of deterioration requires replacement of distinctive feature, ��ooev�f�aturms�ul} naut����enl� io �eai�o' co}or' ten�uzuao�otbmrvisnul ��ir�- ` �� District ~ eligible qualities and, vvbmrc possible, materials. ftnrluomnoeut of missing features benefits such as grant programs administered by the Architecture Division of^=^*o Historic ��^"^^^^"^° "="ys^^�""`^ ^^`= "�=`^=" "`^^"" "'^^,=�" ,"^'""" shall be substantiated bvdocumentary,physical or pictorial evidence. the Texas Historical Commission. Other benefits include access to Historic 7. Chemical or physical treatments,such as sandblasting,that cause damage to Preservation grant-in-aid ` g and Texas historic materials shall not be used. The surface cleaning of structures, if Historic Preservation Grant funding. appropriate, shall be undertaken using the gentlest means possible. 8. Significant archaeological resources affected by a project shall be protected THE ~ -= ~-°A ^' OF THE INTERIOR'S STANDARDS and preserved. If such resources must be disturbed, mitigation measures shall boundertaken. FOR REHABILITATION g. New additions, exterior alterations or related new construction shall not deeLon historic materials that characterize the property. The new work �u� ��c���u,y^ o�uuuu�u� u/vu� °�u� uy�/��uu.c City v� �v,` Worth destroy differentiated fro nld ao� shall �� c atibl� ��tb L�� development mvue^ are the basis for the ,u,,u^vuu Historic�ouo'/� "'uuict massing, size, integri- property to a state of utility, through repair or alteration, which makes possible ucx�v,uuvu �^ u�uucuu" u/� P.vcc^^ o/ /c�u�/u,"6u tynf the property and its environment. an efficient cvuteu/yvr=uy use °uuc v/e»er,u,s u^voe pv^uvu^ and features of l0. New additions and adjacent or related new construction shall be undertaken the property which are ^i8u".cuut to its historic, u/uuucctu,av and cultural iu such a manner that if removed in the future, the essential form and iuteg- oma vm . rityof the historic property and its environment would heunimpaired. The first eight Standards apply t0 all treatments undertaken on historic properties listed 0u the National Register. Numbers nine and ten are standards specific b)rehabilitation. z. A property shall be used for its historic purpose or be placed in a new use that requires minimal change to the defining characteristics of the building and its site and environment. 2. This historic character of property shall be retained and preserved. The removal of historic materials or alteration of features and spaces that characterize a property shall be avoided. 3. Each property shall be recognized as a physical record of its time, place and� omc. Changes that create a false sense of historical development, such as adding conjectural featuroa or architectural elements from other buildings, shall not be under-taken. FORT WORTH HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS: LANDMARK COMMISSION What is a Historic and Cultural Landmark District? The Fort Worth Historic and Cultural Landmark Commission (HCLC) was An H&C Landmark District is designed to provide for the protection and created by City Ordinance No. 8410, adopted on September 8, 1981. The HCLC preservation of places of historic and cultural importance and significance. receives its directives from Comprehensive Zoning Ordinance No. 10444, Structures and sites in the Historic District carry HC overlay zoning. adopted November 14, 1989. The HCLC functions under the mandate of the Certified Local Government program administered by the Texas Historical Does overlay zoning change the use of structure or site? No. The current use is retained. Most Fairmount/Southside Historic District Commission. The nine members of the Commission are appointed by the City zoning is single family, two-family, or multi-family; and some commercial. Council. The Development Director, the Planning Director, and the Building Official shall be ex officio, non-voting members. The Commission enforces and amends design standards and guidelines for "HC" Overlay Districts; holds What is the primary reason for the Historic and Cultural Land- mark District? hearings and makes decisions concerning the issuance of Certificates of The district overlay zoning is a tool which can be used to promote appropriate Appropriateness; and administers the City's program of Historic Site tax restoration in Fairmount/Southside by encouraging compatibility of new exemptions.The Fort Worth Appeals Board hears appeals of HCLC rulings. construction, and appropriate restoration of existing structures and other ADMINISTRATIVE APPROVALS actions which would result in preservation of the distinctive visual character of the neighborhood. There may be some projects, though visible from the public right-of-way, which are not required to go before the HCLC. What serves to attain these objectives? The following are typical projects that maybe staff approved: The ordinance regulating H&C Landmark districts requires that guidelines be written to oversee these types of activities. The minimum standards are the • Repair or replacement of missing or damaged architectural features Secretary of the Interior's Standards for Rehabilitation. Original guidelines including porch posts, siding, window trim, etc. written for Fairmount/Southside Historic District were approved on November 5, 1990• • Removal of non-original material • Emergency repairs How are the Guidelines used? All work requiring a permit from the Department of Development which is done WHAT DOES NOT NEED A CERTIFICATE OF APPROPRIATENESS? on structures in Fairmount/Southside Historic District is reviewed by the Fort A. Routine in-kind repair using same materials and design that does not Worth Historic and Cultural Landmark Commission Staff to insure the plans require a city permit. are in accordance with the City of Fort Worth Zoning Ordinance and these Standards and Guidelines. B. Landscaping The previous owners made changes to my house that is not C. Paint. Unpainted masonry does require a Certificate of Appropriateness, compatible with the Guidelines. Do I have to undo what has already been done? D. Roofing material. Metal roofs require a Certificate of Appropriateness. No. The Fairmount/Southside Historic District Standards and Guidelines are Contact City Planning Department for further clarification not retroactive. ARCHITECTURAL STYLES IN THE DISTRICT Common Features and Building Materials VICTORIAN- 1870-1910 Architectural Precedent: National Folk, Queen Anne, Italianate Roof Tyne:Asphalt/fiberglass shingles ]hoof Forms: Front-gabled,gable front and wing, g g, pyramidal with moderate pitch. Y� r� Heights: One and two stories Bave: Boxed or open Building Materials:Wood siding, patterned wood shingles Detailing: Porches with spindlework detailing and jigsaw cut trim. Lace-like spandrels and turned balusters may be used in porch railings and in friezes suspended from the porch ceiling. Window surrounds may have simple � pediments above f Other Features: Spindlework details and jigsaw cut trim is sometimes used in the gables. ABOVE:Folk Victorian Cottage r Folk Victorian style was common throughout the country. Like that of the National Folk forms on which they are based, the spread of Folk Victorian ul� houses was made possible by the railroads. The growth of the railroad system made heavy woodworking machinery widely accessible at local trade centers, ���� where they produced inexpensive Victorian detailing. The railroads also provided local lumber yards with abundant supplies of p re-cut detailing from distant mills. Many builders simply grafted pieces of this newly available trim onto the traditional folk house forms familiar to local carpenters. Fashion-conscience homeowners also updated their older folk homes with new Victorian porches. These dwellings make strong stylistic statements and are therefore treated here as distinctive styled houses, rather than pure folk forms. After about 1910 these symmetrical Victorian houses, as they are sometimes called, were replaced by the Craftsman, Colonial Revival, and other fashionable eclectic styles. ABOVE: Queen Anne Cottage �z AMERICAN FQURSQUARE— 1900-1920 Common Features and Building Materials Architectural Precedent: Mission and Italian Renaissance Roof'hype:Tile and Asphalt/ fiberglass shingles �y Roof Forms: Hip or gable with low pitch Heights: One to two and half stories «� Eave: Wide Building Materials: Wood stone or brick -�, Other Features:The American Foursquare is a common vernacular variant of the Prairie style. A large central roof dormer is a common feature of this subtype. n WIWI` r* Rim%f. r AsovE:American Foursquare— Prairie Style The Prairie style originated in Chicago and landmark examples are concentrated in twentieth suburbs, pMidwestern Oak P ncForest Examples can al oe found other large es. Vernacular ' u p examples were spread widely by pattern books and popular magazines and are common in early twentieth century suburbs throughout the country. Most were built between 1905 and 1915. The style quickly faded from fashion r after World War I. Massive square or rectangular piers of masonry used to support porch roofs are an almost universal feature ofbigh-style examples.They remain common in vernacular examples, which also show squared wooden imitations. The characteristic horizontal emphasis is achieved by such decorative devices as: (r) contrasting caps on porch and balcony railings, (2) contrasting wood trim between stories, (3) horizontal board-and-batten siding, (4) contrasting colors on eaves and cornice, and (5) selective recessing of � only the horizontal masonry joints. Other common details in both landmark and vernacular examples include window glazing, broad, flat chimneys, contrasting wail materials or trim emphasizing the upper part of the upper story, and decorative door surrounds consisting of bands of carved geometric or stylized, ornamentation. This type of decoration is sometimes called "Sullivanesque" named after Chicago architect Louis Sullivan. A.QO'vE LEFT: American Foursquare with craftsman influence. AB(7VE RIGHT: American Foursquare with Classical Revival influence. BUNGALOW— 1905-1930 Common Features and Building Materials Architectural Precedent: English Arts and Crafts movement, oriental wooden architecture, and the manual arts Roof e:Asphalt/fiberglass shingles Roof Forms: Front, cross, side, or hipped gabled roofs with low-moderate pitch rill 1 Heights: One and one-half to two stories Eave: Intermediate to deep with or without exposed rafter tails Building Materials: Wood weatherboards or shake is most common; stone, brick, concrete block, and stucco are also used Detailing: Columns for supporting the porch roofs are a distinctive and variable detail. Typically short, square upper columns rest upon more massive piers, or upon a solid porch balustrade. Roof timbers either extend trough the wall to support the eave or false rafter ends are added Other Features: Craftsman doors and windows are similar to those used in vernacular Prairie houses. rya X ABOVE: Craftsman or double front gable Bungalaw „r This was the dominant style for smaller houses built throughout the country during the period from about 1905 until the early 1920s. The craftsman style originated in southern California and most landmark examples are concentratedrF there. Like vernacular examples of�the�contemporaneous Prairie style, it was quickly spread throughout the count y b pattern books and popular magazines. The style rapidly faded from favor after the mid-192os and few were built after the 1930S. Craftsman houses were inspired primarily by the work of two California w, brothers—Charles Sumner Greene and Henry Mather Greene—who practiced together in Pasadena from 1893 to 1914. About 1903 they began to design simple Craftsman-type bungalows. By igog, they had designed and executed ° several exceptional landmark examples that have been called the ultimate P P bungalows, Several influences—the English Arts and Crafts movement, an interest in oriental wooden architecture, and their early training in the manual arts—appear to have led the Greenes to design and build these intricately detailed buildings. These and similar residences were given extensive publicity in such magazines as the Western Architect, The Architect, House Beautiful, rfl°. ���� Good Housekeeping, Architectural Record, Country Life in America, and Ladies Home Journal, thus familiarizing the rest of the nation with the style. ABOVE:Airplane Bungalow 7 7(Y v f� CRAFTSMAN BUNGALOW low-pitched roof grouped windows cutout bracke s ..,n aw �..'.• r tl� t split wc od shingles projecting tails f --rater tas eaves � 9 b kick U shed roof �1 p plate glass r- _= _ � s III squared �� t 11m am� , bay --- _ _ -- -- Above:Hipped/Gable Bungalow eight-over-one double-hung sash �I le iiuw' w � J � 4 T G 5 1 M e I nn P ✓`� 1ma ABOVE:Hipped Roof Bungalow. ABOVE:A-frame or front facing gable Bungalow. TUDOR— 1$90-1940 TRANSITIONAL MEN",%////orme i / i / i INS I ABOVE: The majority of Fairmount houses are a mix of architectural styles, like these Queen Anne derivatives with classical revival elements. ABOVE: Tudor/English Revival MINIMAL TRADITIONAL— 1935-1950 The Tudor style is another architectural style that grew out of the 191h century movement away from the "modern" industrial revolution and towards a more romantic historicism. The style is English A based on late Medieval cotta e , styles. The English Revival Cottage is a smaller version of the Tudor with brick o � walls instead of stucco and less half-timbering. /p 1/ 4 f The Tudor and English Revival styles features can be found mixed with Shingle, � � Queen Anne Revival, and Stick and Eastlake styles. Common Features and Building Materials ' Architectural Precedent: English Medieval Roof Type:Asphalt/fiberglass shingles Roof Forms: Gable with steep pitch Heights: One to two and half stories Eave: Wide ABOVE: The Minimal Traditional structure has almost no overhangs, a large Building Materials: Stone or brick window and geometric columns, door and shutters. 1 1 77 SECTION STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES FOR 2 ACCESSORY STRUCTURES INTRODUCTION HISTORIC GARAGES Accessory structures are an important component of a residential ; Shelter for the automobile became an increasingly important and commercial site. They contribute significantly to the overall consideration after igoo and by the igios garages were standard. property, setting historic context and are part of the historic fabric Garages were almost always detached from the main structure due II I of the neighborhood. They contribute to our understanding of a 1 to common fear of exploding gasoline. At the time gasoline was neighborhood's history and character and to the overall kept in the garage as gas stations had yet to be invented. As a organization and use of a site. The most common types of result of this fear, it wasn't uncommon for garages built prior to accessory structures are sheds, garages, garage apartments or 1920 to be built of brick, concrete block,hollow clay tile or pressed carriage houses. Garages or carriage houses are the most typical tin rather than wood; even if the house was wood framed and had accessory structures found in the Fairmount Historic District. wood siding. Many garages were built with a side, rear or second floor apartment. Often the garage with an apartment was built Accessory structures can be considered contributing if: first and occupied by the home owner until the main structure was • Constructed at the same time as the main structure and/ or built. On rare occasion, detached garages were attached to the shares distinctive characteristics with other structures on the main house by a pergola or a roofed breeze way. Garages were not site. integrated into the main structure until the 1950's. After 1920 it • Constructed prior to or after the main structure was became more common to see garages built in the same style as the constructed on the site but had a significant function. main structure. These similarities can include the building form, him • Representative of an important architectural style or materials and simplified detailing; however, it wasn't uncommon construction method. for it to have a different type of cladding or roof material or roof • Associated with an important event or person related to the shape than the property. main house. DEMOLITION In the case of demolition, accessory structures that contribute to the historic character of a site and neighborhood, shall follow the Criteria for Demolition. REMINDER: All exterior work requiring a building permit requires a Certificate of Appropriateness and must conform with all of City of Fort Worth ordinances. It is helpful when using these guidelines to be familiar with your architectural style. CONSTRUCTION OF A NEW ACCESSORY STRUCTURE ACCESSORY STRUCTURE STANDARDS (Required) Like additions, accessory structures should be subordinate to and visually compatible with the main structure on the site. Accessory structures should s. Contributing accessory structures shall be maintained. match in form and materials; and, have simplified detailing. In the 2. Original garage doors shall be repaired and retained,. construction of a new garages only single car openings are appropriate. 3. When necessary replacement garage doors shall be compatible with the garage design. Metal roll-up doors are acceptable; however, historic APPROPRIATE INAPPROPRIATE APPROPRIATE garage doors are typically wood with recessed panels, and therefore a s 10111 wood replacement door should be considered. i 4. New accessory structures shall be designed to complement the period and f style of the main structure and shall meet all other design guidelines. 5. New accessory structures shall be located at the rear of the property or w ` zero lot line when appropriate. 6. Garages shall not be attached to the main structure. LEI ] 7. Garages shall not exceed two bays unless replacing an existing three bay OO 4 '�✓'r' ✓Jr DVS garage. 8. Pre-manufactured or metal carports and outbuildings, sheds (over 50 STREET square feet)are prohibited. ArtovE:Accessory structures are typically located to the rear of the main structure. PPROPRIATE GARAGE DOORS ACCESSORY STRUCTURE GUIDELINES (Recommended not required) OMER M mp 1171 1. Garages on corner lots should have the driveway approach from the side am Am WIN street, and should be located no more than one car length from the low sidewalk, ruurkrri rU rrFartru.m�arcmmry .r �.mn�ori.rr .. niorm�m......r.. .. ,..... .gym a..... .. inm.........N aaa � �a�aw2�arcrmiv�� uu iun�smmriurwrca� v� !nwmmmrrae�y. ttu Ll 11. �V ADDITIONAL RESOURCES . INAPPROPRIATE GARAGE DOORS • Bungalow Details: Exterior by Jane Powell and Linda Svendsen • NPS Preservation Brief#20: The Preservation of Historic Barn �- � s �fvumrmnamr r rcr�rmuuur mm.rrcA nr nuweuwuwnrmmmrr � n.unmmmarrxur¢na � �mim.nwr�m n. �nar.rurraurrcmr .r, rr�a"ramnmwrcmirrr?o cr irur+cu?.agann.uumi ur ummwncr�m�ue SECTION STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES FOR COMMERCIAL STRUCTURES INTRODUCTION j TYPES OF COMMERCIAL STRUCTURES Commercial Spaces in the i$th and early 19th Century were RETAIL OFFICE SPACE: typically located on the round floor of a building. The had � �� Y g g� Y Can be multiple stories J residential scaled opening that made them almost with storefront on the indistinguishable from residential structures. During the early ground floor and part of the 19th Century commercial structures began residential or office . ,. distinguishing themselves from residential building by °° ` space above. incorporating storefronts at the ground level. The storefronts ' i � from the weather. The entrance or an awning to protect costumers typically had a recessed entry 1 ranee was flanked by large display �,JJJJ windows. As time progressed signs, lighting became regular � `components of the storefronts and commercial properties. This chapter will explore the different aspects of commercial INSTITUTIONAL: s These buildings structures. 9 provide public services. Typically TYPES OF COMMERCIAL STRUCTURES they are schools , STOREFRONT COMPONENTS churches, banks and government SIGNS AND AWNINGS buildings. LIGHTING "� ��°�i�""!�I�ul""���V�'1'�1111pp1i (i`Ys'y�i�l���ll�lu�ll�lllllll�llll�ll LARGE SCALE RESIDENTIAL: BUILDING EQUIPMENT Condominiums and PARKING � �tl apartments constructed to house multiple families. These building are similar to commercial structures in ���1�" ��,- REMINDER: All exterior work requiring a building permit requires a ��W, t 9 9 9 p terms of signage, lighting Certificate of Appropriateness and must conform with all of City of and building code. Fort Worth ordinances. It is helpful when using these guidelines to be familiar with your architectural style. Components of a Storefront TOP OR CORNICE: A decorative feature, BUILDING CORNICE typically projecting, that `�' ` ._� n _ s provides a visual cap to the building. ICN7 X011 16 � aa��f o t a e ��W ego �c � a to 6Wp 5 6 ��31r Z � a 10tt €M0 .. SIGN o . o. . ti MIDDLE OR UPPER ... .�, _. IC �FLOaRS: , Usually non-retail space above the ground floor. . :d...._.... Can be multiple stories. This section will have oiler- able windows. The win- - i WINDOW doves do not have to align with the storefront. c R o� Gd'� V ,� . 6 4s°c° ens o���.a"o c r a�... w iG (a t� 0 6 �d�� �! STOREFRONT CORNICE t r t LINTEL 7TO' BOTTOM OR STOREFRONT: This i s typically ........ ..�....._ �` , '� .�. ..... :....... .:.. .. ....��.... ..�... � ' — 'I IrArrSOM ....�..... _.. _ .. ..._ .... .� commercial space with LIGHTING large spans of glass. ` MULLIC)N Comprised of an EN'I'I2ANCE entrance, typically recessed, and display DISPLAY WINDOW windows capped by �_. �._. _.a .. � n ° BULKHEAD transoms and a cornice. °'°' SIGNS APPROPRIATE SIGNS Signs are an important component of commercial structures. The identi fy and advertise for the business and decorate the commercial structure. The provide a continuity to the streetscape and reflect the architecture and technology of their N time. They typically are comprised of letters and logos that express the nature of � the building's use to the public. The intent of standards for signs are nor to dictate the design but to ensure that type , size and location are sympathetic to the historic fabric and character of the streetscape. The size of signs shall conform with the base zoning and should be proportional to the structure. Signs should be located in a manner that they do not r I� cover, destroy of detract from any architectural features on the y structure. There are various types of signs most are appropriate for historic I Wall painted signs structures. is INAPPROPRIATE SIGNS I Blade sign with individual illuminated channel letters Ft iL Flush mounted wall sign r Internally illuminated Projecting internally box cabinet wall signs illuminated box cabinet signs Pole Signs Wall mounted channel letters Window decal AWNINGS BUILDING EQUIPMENT Awnings like signs are an important component of commercial structures. The Screening of mechanical, electronic, and communication equipment including help to protect the costumer from the weather, provide shade to the window HVAC, restaurant exhaust fans, generators on the roof should be organized, displays, decorate the structure and can act as signage. Awnings for commercial proportioned, detailed, and colored to be an integral element of the building as structures can be made out various materials. Metal and fabric awnings are the seen from the points of high elevation, streets and adjacent residences. most typical. Ilill Screening of pr,ooftop equipment 77 with roo rm is preferable. ............. 00 lit's 1-"". The slate fabric awnings provide This metal decorative awning protection as well as advertise. protects patrons from the elements. LIGHTING Lighting for historic structures should be placed in a location that does not PARKING distract or conceal architectural features. Lighting should be appropriate for W the architectural type of structure or should not suggest a period or style. In When possible parking should be located at the rear of the structure. When nec- addition, lighting should be and moderate in placement. On commercial essary it can be located to the side of the structure,but should be screened from structures lighting is often used to help identify the entrance. the public right of way by either fencing or landscaping. • ............................. .......... • STRUCTURE STRUCTURE The simple Art Deco light Non-decorative down lighting fixtures fixtures flanking the door are used to light the entrance. The fixtures identify the entrance and match are moderate in placement and do not the architectural style of the suggest a period or time. structure. STREET STOREFRONT STANDARDS SIGN STANDARDS 1. Historic storefronts shall be maintained and repaired. Wood storefronts 11. Historic signs shall be maintained and repaired. including bulkhead shall be repaired. 12. Signs shall use materials that are consistent with the character of the 2. Recessed entries shall be maintained. building. 3. Upper story windows shall be maintained and repaired. 13. Signage shall complement the style of the building and shall be 4. Decorative cornices shall be maintained and repaired. appropriately scaled/sized for its location. 5, Historic unpainted brick and masonry shall not be painted. 14. Signs shall not conceal, destroy or distract from character defining features. BUILDING EQUIPMENT STANDARDS 15. Internally illuminated cabinet/ box signs and pole signs shall be 6. Screening of mechanical, electronic, and communication equipment prohibited. including HVAC, restaurant exhaust fans, generators on the roof should 16. Exposed wiring, conduit,junction boxes and raceways for channel letters be organized, proportioned, detailed, and colored to be an integral or sign lighting shall be prohibited. element of the building as seen from the points of high elevation, streets and adjacent residences and should be concealed from the public right of 17. Flashing,flickering or moving signs shall not be permitted. way. AWNING STANDARDS PARKING STANDARDS 18. Awing shapes shall correspond to the openings they protect. 7. The paving of driveways and parking lots shall be of natural concrete, 19. Awning material shall be fabric or a material compatible with the style of brick,cut stone,pavers,natural rock or asphalt,or green grass pavers. the structure and shall be located between storefront bays or at entrances. 8. All parking lots for more than five vehicles having frontage on a residen- The primary colors of awnings should be slate,green,tan or stripe. tial property shall be screened from the street. A four foot hedge can be 20. Lettering and logos shall be limited to the valances of awnings. used. 121. Vinyl, plastic and internally illuminated awnings shall be prohibited. 9. Vacant lots used as parking lots shall be screened. lo. Parking lots shall be located to the rear and shall not front the street. LIGHTING STANDARDS **See Standards and Guidelines for New Construction for parking structures. 22. Placement of outdoor security lights and their mounting shall not 11 — . . 11 "1 .1-11, 1 1-- "1 � 1111-1 ­­' " damage, detract from, or conceal character defining features of the ADDITIONAL RESOURCES structure. NPS Preservation Brief#11: Rehabilitating Historic Storefronts 23. Flood/security lights are prohibited at primary street elevations. •• NPS Preservation Brief#25:The Preservation of Historic Signs 24• Lighting shall be compatible in age, style and scale to the building or unobtrusive and not suggestive of a style or age. Their mounting shall not NPS Preservation Brief#44:The Use of Awnings on Historic Building: damage,detract from, or conceal significant features of the structure. Repair, Replacement and New Design SECTION STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES FOR DOORS AND WINDOWS 11Gru,yN, i,,lrq i�6liugiligu`i( INTRODUCTION TYPES OF WINDOWS - i� j MuODU �I011lili N, �I u Y I� FIXED DOUBLE- OR SINGLE- CASEMENT HUNG (UPPER SASH )i � MAY BE FIXED IN EARLY _: EXAMPLES)n 11r: Doors and windows comprise roughly So% of the surface area of walls on historic structures. Traditionally they are spaced in orderly fashion with each room having at least one opening. They header of the openings typically ali g n. Doors and windows are important components as they help to identify and define the SLIDING HOPPER AWNING .. architectural style and period of construction of a structure, while providing S" natural light s windows;�t e ma y sty a d co mp on e is of doors andhe following f sections can be found: I WINDOW TYPES AND STYLES prvoT Lauv COMPONENTS OF A WOOD WINDOW ER DOOR'TYPES AND STYLES ABOVE: The types of windows images are from A Field Guide to American Houses by Virginia and Lee McAlester. SCREEN DOORS AND WINDOWS— See Sustainability Chapter REMINDER: All exterior work requiring a building permit requires a SHUTTERS— See Sustainability Chapter Certificate of Appropriateness and must conform with all of City of Fort Worth ordinances. It is helpful when using these guidelines to be STORM WINDOWS AND DOORS— See Sustainability Chapter familiar with your architectural style. A 1 COMPONENTS OF A WINDOW ,&U ;1d'69 DRIP CAP i-AL"is, ". eta" Y .. ..,. �r ,.����VIU,Yp�1>X,��/i�„�)%�'`! 1 rn�rr�?rrrlrrn rr�rry',ri0fiyp�rrarwrrr§vrr�s✓aroni cmua a� � :" 1 CASING TRIM: ` VW1? %m,,,uti �. HEAD TOP RAIL SINGLE GLAZE WOOD TOP SASH — ° CASING TRIM; JAMB i ?V o MEET RAIL & a' t,,y�^mnNr14➢r�,r� ' SINGLE GLAZE WOOD " ---- BOTTOM SASH or,jhu,011, II BOTTOM RAIL WOOD SILL SIDING ABovE: Traditional 1/1 wood window found in the Fairmount Historic District. EXTERIOR INTERIOR ABovE: The section is an excerptfrom Architectural Graphic Standards published in 1932 by John Wiley and Sons,Inc. n � DO'S AND DON'T OF WINDOWS DO DON'T Uneven sashes are only appropriate if the bottom sash can slide up into the wall. This is known as a slip head condition or pf Don't have uneven sashes. Uneven sashes are p �� ��'�'���e�j' ����i����il only appropriate if the bottom sash can slide pocket window. This window has a wood I �plV I� sill set of a 15 degree angle, which will up into the wall. This window is also missing a allow water to drip off the edge instead of sill which allows water to drip instead o f seeping behind the window unit and seeping behind the weatherboards. damaging the wall. i, l l 1f J If a wood window is deemed non-repairable ' i Don't change the size of the original ' give special attention when choosing a � opening, surface mount the window replacement. Consider material size grid pattern and installations. Material changes unit or mitered the corners. It is MUST be approved by the HCLC but are inappropriate to change the size of the r original opening. Traditional wood generally not approved. Replacement windows are recessed within the wall windows should be recessed mounted, meaning they are not flush with the exterior to allow space for shutters and screens. f r,; of the wall and fit the original opening. Often Mitered corners allow for water to the dimensions are difficult to replicate, ask seep behind the weatherboards, Staff for assistance. causing water damage to the wall. y � piYr i➢J !Y °>>�l' �lY��iir r�r x➢�..m9n n Always double the width of H trim between aired P win- dows. Make sure to include a wood drip cap above the Don't install siding between trim and a wood sill. Drip paired windows. Paired l caps he prevent water p p to p windows should have abutting am seeping behind the .�" P 9 trim. window unit and prevent water damage to the wall ...,,..., .. A O ENTRANCE COMPONENTS INAPPROPRIATE ALTERATIONS TO DOORS LEFT, RIGHT AND BELOW: The transoms and sidelights of these Crown MOLDING examples have all been significantly altered by either being covered or nsorn removed. In some cases the original door has been removed and the opening Transom BAR has been reduced in size and the trim has been altered. SIDELIGHT TRIM: Traditionally matches the windows .............. INAPPROPRIATE STYLES FOR HISTORIC DISTRICTS .......... Borrom RAIL OR KicKPLATE: Traditionall y equal height for the door and side light. % �` i , A A WINDOWS BY ARCHITECTURAL MOVEMENT DOOR BY ARCHITECTURAL MOVEMENT VICTORIAN I-U- j 1 C=71 i m A. 1/1 B. 2/2 C. 3/1 Arts and Crafts IE 11 14 .. D. DIAMOND/1 E. HALF DIAMOND/ 1 F. 6/1 ,µms During the 17th century window sashes were often glazed with many small _�.. .. .._.w.� panes of glass either in a square or diamond pattern. Often these windows were fixed. This was mostly due to glass-making techniques and cost. As it became easier to make glass and the cost fell, panes of glass became bigger. At the beginning of the 19th century windows were 6 panes over 6 panes(6/6).As Victorian architecture became prominent toward the later part of the century 4/4 windows began to replace the 6/6. By the turn of the century 1/1 were being used and by the 1910 that was the prominent window configuration. As the Arts and Crafts movement took over the nation small panes of glass often over a single pane of glass were used as a design feature rather than a Minimal Traditional technology necessity. As the Arts and Crafts movement transitioned to the Modern movement aluminum windows became fashionable. Victorian Windows: A,B,C, D, E, F � Arts and Crafts: A, C, D, E,F i EuRoPFAN REVIVALS: A, D,F and multipane casement windows Ar: OPENING STANDARDS i, Original windows, doors, transoms, side lights, and trim shall be repaired rather than replaced. (For maintenance tips on wood windows see the Sustainability Chapter.) 2. When necessary, replacement windows, doors, transoms, side lights, and trim shall match existing in size, shape, configuration, type, operation, muntin and mullion pattern, dimensions,profiles and detailing. _...., 3. Replacement windows for wood windows shall have true divided lights. i 4. Aluminum windows and doors are prohibited. 5. Fiberglass doors are prohibited. r o !j f�rlu 6. Vinyl windows are prohibited on primary street elevations and shall not be installed when visible from the public right of way, When installed in a locations not visible from the public-- right— of way vinyl windows should be 1/1 recess mounted with appropriate trim. (Visibility of public- right- o£-way is determined by the HCLC or their staff). %J. rf 7. When restoring, windows, doors, transoms, side lights, and trim, shall be typical of the size, location, profile, exposure, detail, relief and dimension of the style and period of the structure. 8. Security bars shall not be installed, 9. Original openings shall not be altered in size or location or removed. Window to door and door to window conversions shall maintain the header height and width of original opening. io. New openings shall be typical of the size, location, material, profile, exposure, detail,relief and dimension of the style and period of the structure. � � ADDITIONAL RESOURCES *For awnings see chapter on outdoor spaces, • NPS Preservation Brief#9:The Repair of Historic Wooden Windows See chapter on Sustainability for standards pertaining to screens for door and windows,storm doors and windows, and shutters. • NPS Preservation Brief #33: The Preservation and Repair of Historic Stained and Leaded Glass • A Field Guide to American Homes by Virginia and Lee McAlester � II' SECTION STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES FOR NEW CONSTRUCTION, 5 ADDITIONS, DEMOLITIONS AND RELOCATION INTRODUCTION DESIGN PRINCIPALS OF Fairmount Historic District is fortunate to have such a diverse mix ADDITIONS AND NEW CONSTRUCTION of architectural styles throughout the neighborhood. Each of these New construction should reflect design concepts of the period in styles is equally important,just as each house and the way it has, or which it is created, while recognizing that a new building or will, develop is important. The historic district designation is not additions must fit within an existing framework of a variety of older meant to freeze the neighborhood in time, but rather to guide the structures. New structures and additions should harmonize with neighborhood into the future. The most significant events that older structures, while at the same time remain distinct from the effects the change of character in a historic district is demolition old so that the evolution of the district can be clearly read. Means and new construction. When constructing a new home in the for differentiating may include materials, form and construction district, it is important to draw upon the context of the local method. Style is discouraged from being the primary indicator of neighborhood for inspiration. This does not mean that new differentiation. To achieve this goal, several aspects of the existing construction should mimic existing homes. However, new context should be analyzed by the applicant and integrated into construction should be sympathetic to the existing building their proposal including: typologies within the district and, more specifically, in the sub-district and block face, if applicable. This chapter will explore COMPLEMENTARY ROLE OF AN ADDITION how demolition, the relocations of structures and new construct can affect the historic fabric and character of a neighborhood. SCALE: HEIGHT AND WIDTH BUILDING FORM AND MASSING DESIGN PRINCIPLES OF ADDITIONS AND NEW CONSTRUCTION DEMOLITION SETBACKS RELOCATION SITE CONFIGURATION AND ORIENTATION ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENTS REMINDER: All exterior work requiring a building permit requires a RHYTHM OF OPENINGS Certificate of Appropriateness and must conform with all of City of Fort Worth ordinances. It is helpful when using these guidelines to be MATERIALS familiar with your architectural style. COMPLEMENTARY ROLE SCALE: HEIGHT AND WIDTH If possible, new additions to an existing historic structure should occur to the Each historic district and neighborhood has a consistent dominant height rear of the house. This has the least impact on the historic integrity of the throughout the district. Structures located with the residential portion of home. In some cases, however, a side addition may be necessary based on the Fairmount Historic District are typically i or 2 stories, while the commercial programmatic needs of the client. In these cases, the addition shall take a corridor structures have additional height of up to 4 stories. The proposed subordinate or complementary role to the main structure in setback, size, scale, height and width of a new building shall relate to the typical height and design. All additions should be compatible in design,yet differentiate from and width of the neighboring historic structures. the historic building. This is usually accomplished through a simplification of the new structure. If the addition is ever removed from the structure, the guidance listed above will allow the house to return to its original condition. I 6m­ 1 ­1­1 1 x -1- ` YES J115 DESIGN Tips • Avoid constructing an addition on a primary or character defining elevation. Place the new addition on an inconspicuous side or rear elevation. No • Make the size, scale, massing, and proportions of the new addition 1 "11,000000000 fi compatible with the historic building to ensure that the historic form is note xpanded or changed to an unacceptable degree. E3 • E9 Consider constructing an infill addition or connector from the historic building's wall plane to the new addition, so that the form of the historic building-or buildings-can be distinguished from the new construction. • Set additional stories sufficiently back from the roof edge to ensure that the historic building's proportions and profile are not radically changed. .. .........°.. . ............. . ............. DESIGN Tips • Plan the new addition in a manner that provides some differentiation in Make the height of the structure consistent with the existing height of material, color, and detailing, so that the new work does not appear to be adjacent structures. part of the historic building; the character of the historic resource should be identifiable after the new addition is constructed. Structure should be vertical in orientation. • Use a minimum 9 foot floor to ceiling height on the first story and 8 feet on the second story of residential structures. ik BUILDING FORM AND MASSING SITE CONFIGURATION AND ORIENTATION Massing may be defined as the three-dimensional geometric composition, or The site configuration and orientation of new buildings or structures envelope of a building. Massing is the combination of the building footprint, shall be compatible and consistent with the orientation of existing height and width. The massing of a building shall be consistent with buildings or structures on the next adjacent lots within the block that of the neighboring structures. face. DESIGN Tips NO • Make the roof line consistent with adjacent rooflines by not exceeding�h' rooflines or stepping back from a prevailing roof or cornice line • Consider aligning foundation heights, floor to ceiling heights and cornice lines with the adjacent structures on the immediate block. J SETBACKS STREET Setback refers to the distance a building is located from a property line. Front setbacks are very important to the character of a historic district. To maintain ARCHITECTURAL FEATURES the character of a district is important that new buildings maintain a similar setback to the historic structures on the block. Consistent spacing between Architectural elements such as balconies, roofs, porches, chimneys, dormers, buildings helps to establish an overall rhythm along a particular street. parapets, and other parts of a building that contribute to its overall shape and silhouette. The choice and arrangement of elements of a proposed building No No should reflect those of older buildings in the neighborhood. A building should not draw unnecessary attention to itself by failing to relate to neighboring styles; however, neither should it necessarily copy the neighboring styles. The objective is to complement the context of the neighborhood. BUILDING LINE W .......... DESIGN Tips STREET EDGE When a front porch is incorporated into the design of a structure the porch shall be a minimum of eight (8)feet deep. • Roof shapes should be similar to those on the block face. Roof mate rial DESIGN TIP should be asphalt shingles. Align porch and front facing walls of structure with adjacent historic • The overhangs and eave should be similar to that of the block face. structures or use the average setback of structures on the block. . ............ ORNAMENTATION AND DETAILS MATERIALS Ornamentation or embellishment, at times independent of construction, The building envelop material contributes to the exterior character and appear- although elements of construction may be decorative. These include cornices, ante of a building. Appropriate materials include those which are predominant lintels, arches, balustrades, chimneys, shutters, columns, and other common in a district. However, materials need not be identical to those in a district if details. When used, details should create a unifying effect on a building and they are complementary. Inappropriate materials include those which unsuc- cessfully pretend to be something they are not, such as plastic "bricks" and alu- should be compatible with the context of the neighborhood. ... ....... minum or vinyl "weatherboards." All are imitations which fail to produce the DESIGN Tips texture, proportions and colors of the real materials. . Recess mount new windows(see Section 4: Openings for detail). DESIGN Tips 0 Use simplified detailing as not to imitate historic ornamentation. Use brick, stucco, or wood drop, wood false bevel, or wood lap siding as Detailing should be inspired by historic structures rather than mimic, the primary building envelope material. 1 historic detailing. ,When using cement fiber board use the smooth finish; properly sanded e Align all header heights. and painted wood does not have visually visible grain. fi 0 Use at least 4" trim for windows, doors and corner boards on residential o Use wood windows and doors on residential structures. structures. J1. . ....... ... .. .............. . ......... .. . ........ RHYTHM OF OPENINGS Doors and windows comprise roughly 30% of the surface area of walls on historic structures. Openings are spaced in an orderly fashion with each room having at least one opening. The header of the openings align. Maintaining a consistent opening pattern creates a continuity of wall surface thus allowing for a harmoniums pedestrian experience. ABOVE: The structure's opening pattern is not consistent with the neighborhood. Blank walls should be avoided. DESIGN Tips Avoid blank walls. Incorporate at least one window per room or every io 15 feet on side elevations and align header heights. ABOVE: The photo depicts a structure that uses traditional materials, simplified fI detailing and has a traditional opening pattern. « Incorporate window and doors openings with a similar proportion of it window space as typically found on the block face. J r A DEMOLITION AND RELOCATION OF A STRUCTURE DEMOLITION i Demolition of a structure will NOT be allowed if: �� 1. A structure is of architectural or historical interest and/or value or its removal would be detrimental to the public interest, or 2. The building contributes significantly to the character of the historic district sovE AND aEr ow: This and demolition would create a detrimental view or adversely affect the ! ,,,��� structure was moved to this existing buildings an the black,or ,/; / location and does not fit on lot 3. A structure is of old or unusual or uncommon design and materials and it with adequate side setbacks. could not be reproduced without great difficulty and/or expense, or 4. If its proposed replacement would not make a positive visual contribution, would disrupt the character or be visually incompatible within the historic district. Demolition of a structure MAY be allowed if: 1. The building as lost its architectural and historical integrity and f r g g �' A building maybe moved from a importance and its removal will not result in a negative, less appropriate site outside of the historic visual affect on the historic district, or district to a site within the 2. The structure does not contribute to the historical or architectural character historic district under the and importance of the historic district (e.g. a noncontributing structure), following conditions: and its removal will result in a positive, appropriate visual effect in the a 1. The integrity and structural district. soundness of the building RELOCATION will be maintained A building may only be moved from one site to another site within the historic 2. The building will be compatible with the overall character, visual district under the following conditions: appearance, and site orientation of existing buildings on the block at the 1. The building is seriously threatened in its original location, new location, and 2. The integrity and structural soundness of the building will be maintained, 3. Any proposed replacement at the original site will result in a more positive visual effect on its immediate block. 3. The building will be compatible with the overall character, visual appearance and site orientation of existing buildings on the block at the new 4. Any relocated building in the historic district shall be rehabilitated (i.e. location, and repaired and/or rehabilitated) in accordance with the applicable sections of 4. The removal of the building from its original site will not create a these guidelines so as to retain the original character, architectural details, detrimental view or loss of integrity on its immediate block. design, and materials of the structure. r. S STANDARDS 12. Metal roofs and metal sheeting used as the primary building envelope material on primary residential structures are prohibited. 1. The height and overall scale of new construction and additions shall be consistent with that of adjacent structures. In residential areas, the height 13. Additions shall not be constructed on a primary or character defining and scale of new construction should generally not exceed that of adjacent elevation. structures by more than one story.In commercial areas, a greater variation 14. Additional stories shall be set back from the roof edge to ensure that the in height may be appropriate with appropriate transitions. Step downs in historic building's proportions and profile are not radically changed. building height,wall plane offsets and other variations in building massing should be utilized to provide transition when height of new construction 1$. The size, scale, massing, and proportions of the new addition shall be exceeds adjacent structures by more than a half story. compatible with the historic building. 2. Roof pitch, form and orientations shall be consistent with those 16. Additions shall be differentiated but compatible, so that the new work does predominantly found on the block face. not appear to be part of the historic building; the character of the historic 3. The orientation of the front faqade shall be consistent with the resource should be identifiable after the new addition is constructed. predominant orientations of historic structures found on the block face. 17. Demolition of a structure shall be prohibited if a structure is of 4. The orientation of primary building entrances, porches and landings shall architectural or historical interest, the building contributes to the be consistent with those found on the block face. character of the historic district. 5. Where used front porches shall be a minimum of 8 feet deep. 18. Relocation of a structure within the district may be allowed provided that the building is seriously threatened in its original location and the 6. Setbacks shall be the average of the historic structures on the block face. integrity and structural soundness of the building is maintained. 7. The site configuration and orientation of new buildings or structures shall ig. A relocated building shall be compatible with the overall character, visual be compatible and consistent with the orientation of existing buildings or appearance and site orientation of existing buildings on the block at the structures on adjacent lots within the block face. new location. 8. Blank walls on residential structures and street elevations of commercial 20.Any relocated building in the historic district shall be rehabilitated (i.e. structures are prohibited. repaired and/or rehabilitated) in accordance with the applicable sections 9. Window and door openings shall use similar proportion of wall to window of these guidelines so as to retain the original character, architectural space as typically found in the district. details, design,and materials of the structure. io. Building envelope, roof, windows and door materials shall complement ... ......................... the type, texture and detail, including dimensions, of materials traditionally found in the district. ADDITIONAL RESOURCES ii. Vinyl siding, plastic,and EIFIS are prohibited for use of building envelope NPS Preservation Brief *14: New Exterior Additions to Historic •materials. Buildings: Preservation Concerns. SECTION STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES FOR OUTDOOR SPACES � ' INTRODUCTION Types of Outdoor Spaces Outdoor spaces such as front yards, rear yards, pergolas, and porches act as transitional space between the public sidewalk and �� y street and the privacy of one's home. In addition, the architectural components of outdoor spaces define the appearance of the streetscape in our historic neighborhoods. This chapter will address the different types of outdoor spaces,how they are defined and their many architectural components. TYPES OF OUTDOOR SPACES LIGHTING COMPONENTS OF PORCHES PORCH FENCES PAVING Porches are often referred to as outdoor parlors and act as living space where property owners can greet their neighbors and guests. The roof form of a porch provides shelter from the elements protecting not only the property owner but also the structure's doors and windows. Porches are typically located on the first floor at the structure's main entrance, are lo to 6 feet deep, partially span or are the full width of the fagade and sometimes wrap to the side elevation, and always have a roof. The photo above is of a structure with a column supported porch which is the full width of the front fagade and wraps around to the side elevation of the structure. It is deep, and covered by the roof structure of the main house. REMINDER: All exterior work requiring a building permit requires a Certificate of Appropriateness and must conform with all of City of v Fort Worth ordinances. It is helpful when using these guidelines to be familiar with your architectural style. BALCONY STOOP STJOP A balcony is a projecting I ill I irY r I�hky6�'�,YYI4 r o' A stoop consists of steps that lead structure that often acts as an o mi directly to the entrance of a structure, it outdoor corridor between j can have a 3 foot landing and it may rooms. It is generally 4 feet deep, ° be covered by an awning or canopy. j cantilevered, enclosed by a � railing or balustrade and can be � covered or uncovered. 'rte' GALLERY 1 A gallery is a long �,� covered area that can CANOPY act as a corridor, A canopy is column supported covering, typically elevated and Its frame is supported by the ground and supported by columns, projects from the wall over an entrance. l i U�r i�i V :,„i i�iq utl I I�l"�iIIIl01Vl I v �,�p�er bvrr r k i r PORTICO A portico is covered entrancei�iii�ii �i AWNING having a roof supported by a %o An awning is a covering that is not series o columns. Typically two 1 r��, g �' stories and can be on the front and J supported by the ground. It is either rear of residences. They are %„ hung or supported by brackets. It is typically found on institutional intended to protect doors and windows r� and Neo Classical style structures. from the elements, as well as, add They are rare in Fairmount and decorative details. y1 are usually an alteration. (�TERRACE NON-VISIBLE SPACES + � � � I��r '� A terrace is an elevated platform. Typically it is i' DECK the extension of the floor A deck is an elevated platform which is attached to the main structure. It is from the main structure built on an open support system and is uncovered. It is different from a terrace or it is built upon a solid in that the elevated platform is not built on a solid base. Decks are not base. It is deeper than a appropriate for historic districts and can only be constructed in non balcony and is always visible locations. uncovered. f PATIO PORTE-COCHERE m A pone cochere is a A patio is typically a paved area at ground level. � covered passage way COURTYARD for carriages or automobiles. They are An interior patio.Typically surround by structure and is open to the sky above. t v attached to the main i jff J q� structure and correspond to a LIGHTING ✓'r y primary entrance. Lighting for historic structures should be placed in a location that does not distract or conceal architectural features. Lighting should be appropriate for the architectural type of structure or should not suggest a period or style. In ARBOR � �� � yid addition,lighting should be discreet and moderate in placement. An arbor is a free standing structure that provides shade through the use of open timber- LEFT: These light fixtures are frame construction. It is supported by evenly appropriate only for Arts and spaced columns and often has lattice to support 1 �i% W Crafts style structures. vines or climbing plants. , PERGOLA A pergola is a shaded walkway or passage way with open timber- „ LEFT: These light fixtures are frame construction attached to a not suggestive of a period of structure. It is supported by evenly type of architecture and are spaced columns and often has lattice appropriate for most structures. to support vines or climbing plants. COMPONENTS OF A PORCH ROOF: Providing covering to space below. Generally the same material as the main structure. ExPosE 7 PORCH BEAM: Sometimes SOFFIT: The underside of the eave. doubled and covered in wood siding Typically wood tongue and groove depending on architectural style. beaded board. The same material can be found on the porch ceiling. 1 COLUMN: Provides support to the roof structure above and differs depending on architectural style. Columns, especially in Arts and Crafts structures can be placed on top of a PEDESTAL , also known as a BASE. BALUSTRADE: Comprised of a wood or brick top and rail and baluster. APRON: Conceals the wood sill and floor joist. Typically a 1"xio" wood board. PORCH FLOOR: Floor should have a slight slope away from the structure to provide proper drainage. Typically is wood tongue and groove i „”„ CHAIN WALL: Continuous or concrete. foundation which is always ,rri,,, .� masonry. When the chain wall and apron are absent and wood siding is present this is called sKTRTuvG. COLUMNS EXAMPLES OF PRAIRIE COLUMNS Columns are long vertical structurally supporting members. They come in a variety of styles. EXAMPLES OF VICTORIAN COLUMNS T-1+ ff PORCH DECK BRICK GEOMETRIC PAIRED ON PANELED TAPERED DETAILING BASE ON BASE ON BASE PORCH DECK CHAMPERED TURNED DORIC OR IONIC 1870-1880 1880-igoo CLASSIC RIGHT: The two story Victorian structure has classic round wood columns. These columns are typical on Victorian structures built after 1 goo. ABOVE: TheAmerican Four Square style structure has square brick columns. EXAMPLES OF CRAFTSMAN COLUMNS EXAMPLES OF MINIMAL TRADITIONAL COLUMNS d u I, PORCH 3 I DECK GROUND —..,_.w_...,.. — TAPERED BRICK STONE TAPERED PAIRED SIMPLE BOX BASE OR BRICK ON BASE PRIOR TO 1910 4"X4" IRON WOOD GEOMETRIC POST SCROLL TOP RIGHT. This one story, wood clad "✓ „ M i n i m a l � or � Traditional structure has wood geometric columns. As Victorian and Arts and Crafts ABOVE: This one columns required story masonry repair they were bungalow has often replaced with W , III tlIIIIV square brick ,, } inappropriate columns that ��' columns from this extend to the t h e m o d e r n ground. This type ��'i��, architectural style of column is also (RIGHT). the prominent column style for Tudor s structure(RIGHT). NI now BALUSTRADES FRONT AND REAR YARDS Balustrades are comprised of three pieces: a top rail, a bottom rail, and a , rx,'.., �'�° �'�' v,'w" �` tier�,°*.,a��\*•�",e .'`v ytiw, .��.� '�„ baluster. When replacing a balustrade it is important to take into consideration P g P SIDE AND REAR4 style and character of the structure , as well as, existing building code. It was YARD „ k not unusual for porches to be open and not have a balustrade. When installing , „ a new balustrade it should be sympathetic to the architectural style or have ,; simplified detailing. House TOP RAIL AND BOTTOM RAIL Top RAILS should be %" ;, ✓r'r',rr "r. rr✓ 'r"r'r,✓✓/di r r rf/r'r / d' FRoNT YARD substantial and sloped r rr/r /re'✓✓ to allow for water t0d ,r /' ' f/' r ✓'; ,;° rain. STREET The move towards rear yards can be traced back to the 1940s. Prior to World BALUSTER: Turned War II (WWII) America adopted a policy of isolation, the country would not pickets should be at align itself with any foreign countries nor get involved in any war outside of the minimum of 2x/4 inches western hemisphere. After WWII, in 1944, Congress passed the G.I. Bill and square pickets allowing returning veterans access to low cost mortgages. The economic should be 2 inches. incentives combined with the newly improved highway and interstate Turned pickets are infrastructure helped to fuel a suburban housing market. So-called appropriate for "Levittowns", named for the brothers William and Alfred Levitt, consisting of Victorian movement identical homes, white picket fences, green lawn and modern kitchens were structures. Square t constructed across America.These rapidly built homes offered an alternative to pickets are appropriate the cramped living quarters on the city, were economical in size and featured , �� for all structures. larger yards in the front and more importantly, in the rear At the same time there was sharp focus of domestic issues. America's BOTTOM RAILS are t� involvement in war had deep social implications. Access to low-cost mortgages typically 2 inches above and a prospering post war economy allowed for the expansion of the American the floor of the porch middle class. An emphasis was placed on the nuclear family. With the looming and should be sloped to Cold War, families began to enjoy the privacy that came with large backyards. allow for water to Large rear yards could provided occupants with both protection and food. Air drain. raid shelters could be constructed in case of nuclear fallout. The backyard became both a place to escape the perils of the war and symbolic of the M "American Dream". ff�!., FENCES LEFF: 4 feet high wood fences are appropriate for the front yard. Wood Front yard fencing was typically reserved for substantial or high style houses. - — d i ; fences at the front yard must be at Fencing front yards fell out of favor during the Arts and Crafts period and by the least 5o% open and can either be a 194os almost no one fenced their front, but rear yards were almost always i N flat or square picket. fenced. Double loop wire fences were very popular at the turn of the century. As Traditionalflatpicketfence. Arts and Crafts style structures became popular the iron fences most likely � I BELOW.- ! I , 10 1 would have been on a masonry base and in front of a high style house. As for L design, geometric earth designs were much more popular during the 1920S- 1940's. Scroll work went out of style and didn't reappear until the 196o's. Front Li yard fences are typically 4 feet in height and at least 50% open. Side and rear yard fences may be opaque and between 6 and 8 feet in height. APPROPRIATE FRONT YARD FENCES Pic, LEFT: A simple 4 foot high iron picket fence with simple finials and no decorative elements. BELOW.- Traditional wire mesh fences are only allowed with a Board of Adjustments variance; however, the 4 t. foot high iron loop fence with simple finials is an appropriate alternative. VNI 1 -T-fl+ A-BovE: This high style structure's front yard is enclosed by a wood square picket fence with a pedestrian gate to match LEFT: A 4 foot high iron picket fence with geometric shapes and simple finials. APPROPRIATE SIDE AND REAR YARD FENCES PAVING D LEFT: 6 to 8 foot high DRIVEWAYS AND WALKWAYS wood privacy fences are Paving should be kept minimal and should not disrupt the rhythm of the appropriate for side and streetscape. The following are illustrations of appropriate and inappropriate rear yards. paving patterns. APPROPRIATE GARAGF, GARAGE MAIN MAIN N MAIN LEFT: It is preferable for STRUCTURE STRUCTURE STRUCTURE E- wood privacy fences to be capped. The wood cap helps to shed water, increasing the longevity of the fence. STREET STREET INAPPROPRIATE GARAGE GARAGE LEFT: Like front yard fencing, simple iron picket fences with geometric shapes and simple finials are MAIN MAIN appropriate for side and STRUCTURE STRUCTURE rear yards and can have an increased height of 6 to 8feet. An STREET STREET Parch Standards Paving Standards (Required) (Required) 1. Original porch and other outdoor space components (columns, railing, 13. Paving of private sidewalks and driveways shall be of natural concrete, skirting,decking and soffit)shall be maintained... brick, cut stone,pavers,or natural rock or asphalt., 2. When necessary, porch and other outdoor space components (columns, 14. In no instance shall the front yard of any lot be paved or graveled except for railing, skirting, decking and soffit) replacement shall match existing in a driveway or walkways. size,material,profile, exposure,detail,relief and dimension. 15. There shall be no front yard area designated as a vehicle parking area or S. Primary porches such as first floor front porches shall not be enclosed. paved as such. 4. Secondary porches such as second story and rear porches may be enclosed lo. Walkway paving in the front yard shall be; by screens only. • A walkway from the front property line to the front entry of the . Porch flooring shall be 3 1/2" tongue and groove wood installed with a structure or, on a corner lot,from the side property line to a side entry floor-nailer and corners on a wrap-around porch shall be mitered. of the structure. 6. Synthetic tongue and groove flooring may be approved provided that it 0 The walkway shall not be wider than the width of the entry steps'and in match existing in size, material, profile„ exposure, detail, relief and no instance shall the walkway be wider than ten( o)feet. dimension. A walkway from the driveway to the front and/'or side entry walkway. 7. Porch railings shall be made of wood or masonry and be typical and Shall be a maximum of four(4)feet in width. appropriate to the style of the structure. 17. A front entry driveway shall be no wider than one car width or ten(lo)feet 8. Metal handrails shall be reviewed on a case by case basis and shall be maximum but may widened just prior to a two ear garage. simple in design and detailing. 18. A front entry driveway may extend along the side of the residence or g. Columns shall be masonry or wood and of a style and material typical of the structure, through the Porte Cochere if applicable, to the garage or period and style of the structure. out-building,or to the rear yard. 10. Synthetic columns may be substituted for wood provided that they:match 19. On a corner lot, the driveway may extend from the side street to the garage. size, profile, exposure, detail, relief'and dimension and are typical of the It shall be no wider than one car width or ten (io) feet maximum to a period and style of the structure. one-car garage, or eighteen(18) feet maximum and widening to a two car garage. 11. Decks,patios and courtyards shall be not be visible from the public right of way. 20. Circular and semicircular driveways are prohibited. 12. Enclosed decks, second story or rooftop decks shall not be visible from the '21. Driveways shall be not be widened or extended into the project fronted public right of way. yard. 22. Ribbon driveways are permitted, provided that the paved ribbons are no greater than three(3)feet in width. 21. Any new driveway constructed through a front yard must be spaced a minimum,of one(1)foot from an existing driveway on the adjacent lot. .n FENCE STANDARDS OTHER APPLICABLE STANDARDS (Required) (Required) 22. Front yard fences shall be a maximum height of four(4)feet, 50%open and 31. Stairs providing entrance to a second story shall not be visible from the compatible to the architectural style of the primary structure. public right of way on primary structures. 23. Side and rear yard fences shall have a maximum height of eight (8)feet. 32. Pergolas must be historically appropriate and compatible to the style of the 24. Side yard fences shall not project into the projected front yard. existing structure. 25. Fence materials shall be wood, antique wire fencing,or iron. 33• Mechanical equipment (air conditioning units, and satellite dishes) located in the yard shall not be visible from the public right of way. 26. Plastic, chain link, barbed wire, or other synthetic materials used as fencing is prohibited. OUTDOOR SPACE GUIDELINES 27. Masonry may be used for posts and bases for metal iron fencing only. (Recommended not required) LIGHTING STANDARDS 1. The use of the front and side yards should be reserved for landscaping. (Required) 2. The parkway between the sidewalk and the curb shall be reserved for 28. Placement of outdoor security lights and their mounting shall not damage, landscaping. detract from,or conceal significant features of the structure. 3. Care should be taken to preserve existing trees or replant with long-living 29. Porch fans shall be mounted in a manner that will not damage, detract trees. from, or conceal significant features of the structure and shall be simple in 4. Mailboxes should be typical of the style and period of the structure and be design. affixed to the front of structure. 30. Lighting installed at the front porch shall be compatible in age, style and 5. Ramps installed for access or mobility purposes should be made of wood. scale to the building or unobtrusive and not suggestive of a style or age. Care should be taken not to detract from the design of the structure. Their mounting shall not damage, detract from, or conceal significant features of the structure. yy 11019191MINN"I 1188MMON "I MKIMMINAKI a INAINNUMME [I, UNAWMEND * ftuffiffl=%ft V 'Wil"00 iR "Mlavwffwu.�bi W, Offill"MUNNEVA, S 100"AMM"I61 W M010090huffib, "I MaNSWIMMEN iR M 11 Additional Resources Re A Field Guide to American Home by Virginia and Lee McAlester 9 NPS Preservation Brief#32: Making Historic Proper-ties Accessible Bungalow Details: Exterior by Jane Powell and Linda Svendsen 0 NPS Preservation Brief#45: Preserving Historic Wood Porches li NPS Preservation Brief #17: Architectural Character— Identifying the * Old House Journal: Porch Details by Brent Hull Visual Aspects of Historic Buildings as an Aid to Preserving their Character a SECTION 7 STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES FOR ROOFING INTRODUCTION COMMON ROOF FORMS Roofs are one of the most important components of a structure. They are the first line of defense against the elements and are a major architectural feature. This chapter will address its many components. In this chapter you will find the following sections: ROOF FORMS AND PITCHES SIDE-GABLED FRONT-GABLED CROSS-GABLED ROOF MATERIALS VENTILATION SYSTEMS a EAVES, OVERHANGS AND GUTTERS SHED(HALF-GABLED HIPPED DORMERS AND SKYLIGHTS CROSS-HIPPED J CHIMNEYS j MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT LOW STAPES LESS THAN 30° FLAT TO 4/12 HALF-HIPPED FORM AND PITCH ABovE AND LEFT: Low sloped roofs There are three basic roof forms gable, hipped and flat. These J. Na are categorized as forms combined with each other and pitch create dominant and NORMAL o� .flat to 4112. Normal SLOPES character defining features on a structure. Altering the roof form Sp' sloped roofs are a°- and pitch can negatively impact a historic structure and I 5 12"Ia48�12 `"'°- +--� categorized as 5112 neighborhood. Therefore, existing roof lines and the � 1r to 8112 and steep architectural features that give the roof its essential � sloped roofs are character shall be preserved. The following roof forms are ' generally above ff 'y \ most commonly found in the Fairmount Historic District. ,� 9112. The images are from A Field REMINDER: All exterior work requiring a building permit requires]be STEEP SLOPES ,�` Guide to American Certificate of Appropriateness and must conform with all of City MORE THAN 45° 5o Houses by Virginia Fort Worth ordinances. It is helpful when using these guidelines to ABOVE:9/12 f ' and Lee McAlester. familiar with your architectural style. Z_.1------------ ROOF MATERIALS ROOF VENTILATION SYSTEMS Roof materials are important because not only do they create a water-tight Ventilation systems greatly reduce the amount of heat in an attic or home covering, protecting and helping to preserve your structure, they also add color during the summer months. They can be installed in three locations: the roof and texture to the slope. Often the pitch of the roof slope will dictate the type of ridge,slope or at the gable end. material used. Low-pitched to flat roofs depend upon an almost continuous roof surface that lacks breaks and seams to prevent moisture intrusion. Typically, low-pitched to flat roof materials include built—up hot tar roofing, roll roofing and flat seam metal roofing. Low-pitched to flat roofs are unusual Ridge vents are appropriate for in the Fairmount Historic District and therefore, metal roofs, unless most structures. installed on an accessory structures or secondary roof structure (such as porch or addition), are not permitted. Most of the roofs in the Fairmount Historic District have moderately sloped roofs and would have been clad in asphalt/fiberglass roof shingles. A Ell, Low profile vents are not ASPHALT SHINGLES appropriate on front facing roof 101111110 111 slopes and should be placed in a Introduced in 1903 asphalt shingles were a by-product in the manufacturing location minimally visible from of the tar and asphalt felt paper (commonly know as tar paper) used on flat the public right of way. roofs. For shingles, the felt was saturated with asphalt and then covered with crushed limestone, slate or another types of rock. The addition of the rock added color, protected the felt from the sun and increased the fire resistance. The shingles were typically sold as individual shingles measuring 12"'X 16" or Turbine vents are only 12" x 36" (standard measurement for 3-tab shingles). The square cut tabs appropriate in locations not were the most popular, but there were other shapes including hexagons, visible from the public right of diamonds, dog-eared, and t-shaped. The colors were limited to red, green way and black. It was not until the 1930's that asphalt shingles acquired the blended colors they have now. Today asphalt shingles are made with fiberglass and generally have a lifespan Of 15 to 25 years. Architectural or dimensional shingles typically last longer. WN/0011111111 Gable vents are appropriate for structures that have gable roof forms. They come in a variety of shapes and sizes.They should be louvered and in a wood frame. Gable vents are inappropriate as a replacement for gables that Scalloped red asphalt shingle Architectural Grade Three-tab black feature decorative windows or green asphalt shingle asphalt shingle stained glass. EAVES AND OVERHANGS GUTTERS Where your roof meets the wall, also known as an eave, is important both Gutters and downspouts help shed water away from your structure; protecting aesthetically and structurally. The roof and wall must meet, and the materials the walls and foundation system of your home. used to clad each element must create a watertight juncture, protecting the structure below. Overhangs and gutters help to create the water-tight seal. TYPES OF EAVES AND OVERHANGS I TYPES OF GUTTERS I ifs III Closed eave, no overhang K-style gutters are appropriate for closed eaves Appropriate for: and open eaves with a closed rafter. They are not appropriate when fascia board is not present. ........................................... Minimal Traditional 1/2 round gutters are appropriate for all types Open eave,exposed rafter of eaves, especially where the fascia board is Appropriate for: absent. • Craftsman 0 Tudor Roof mounted gutters are appropriate for all Open eave, enclosed rafter types of eaves. U Appropriate for: 0 Prairie * Tudor • Queen Anne Closed(boxed)eave Built-in gutters are appropriate for open eaves and boxed eaves. Appropriate for: . ..... mitnal Traditional • Prairie DORMERS A DO AND DON'T VISUAL GUIDE TO DORMERS Dormer comes from the French word meaning sleeping room". They are small rooms that protrude from the main roof surface allowing light and air into the attic area. Dormers can have a variety of different roof shapes with gable, hip "' o use modest proportions and shed being the most popular, other types of dormers such as an eyebrow ��;'� for both the roof and body. dormer can also be found in the Fairmount Historic District. This dormer's eaves mimic the width of the main structure's eave but are proportional to th e body o f the dormer. rm o er. � .✓ �' , mil ��J ���/�/ ��/�� �� �� %� ��f face e r �o f711 the o£the dormer GABLED - - SHED �� � HIPPED window with and trim leaving ABOVE: The dormer type images are from A Field Guide to American Houses by Virginia r ;�"" % little to no room for siding on and Lee McAlester. `�'� the front of the dormer. RESTORATION OF EXISTING DORMERS Original dormers should be retained and maintained. Property owners are encouraged to reconstruct dormers based on photographic evidence or ghosts within the roof framing. _ Don't replicate the main CONSTRUCTION OF NEW DORMERS structure's eave line on the dormer or oversize the roof. When considering construction of a new dormer property owners are It makes the dormer top encouraged to use a comparable structure in style and period as a guide for the heavy. The dormer roof location, form, spacing and detailing of a new dormer. The most crucial aspect ��` K, ``"`"' ;` proportion is typically 125% of a dormer is having the correct proportions. The size of a window in a dormer , to 140% of the dormer body. should correspond in proportion to the windows on the uppermost floor of the � " ° z � Don't use a window that is main structure. Should they vary in proportion then they should be slightly too small. Use the floor honer. Window proportion should y below windows as a guide determine the proportion of the body ��. � �� for determining the size of of the dormer. The window and trim r�,,,��, , , ,� ,��� ���, o the window in the dormer. should fill the dormer face. The less „' Should the window size need cheek wall cladding that is visible, the °" to be decreased, shorten the closer the dormer will be to having f ! window or use only the top the correct p ro ortions. For more � � "�� %` sash. The windows and trim information about correct dormer should fill the majority of r proportion refer to the do and don't the dormer's face. dormer guide. � ry� CHIMNEYS ROOF TOP MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT Chimneys are a standard feature on Rooftop equipment such as satellite dishes should be located in non-visible American structures. Often referred to as locations or minimally visible location. Location on a primary roof slope is the soul of a home, chimneys were used for inappropriate. Rooftop equipment located an secondary roof slopes should be at heating and cooking. The rhythm and least 15 feet back from the front facing wall of the structure. placement of chimneys often reflect the z �f ;w. internal layout, while the detailing helps indicate the period and architectural style of a structure. During the Arts and Crafts era (c. 1900-1930) the chimney was a place for the mason to show his/her cra ft, and for most architectural styles, and is considered f i a prominent architectural feature. Because of their importance, historic chimneys shall be maintained and preserved. TIPS FOR MAINTAINING YOUR HISTORIC CHIMNEY 1.REPOINTING:Often chimneys need repointing which is the act of removing ✓ � °����,, deteriorated mortar and replacing it. When replacing the historic mortar be ., ��Y, sure to use a mortar that has little to no Portland cement. A high The installation of other roof tap mechanical equipment such as air concentration of Portland cement in mortar can cause damage to historic 2 conditioning units and telecommunications equipment is not appropriate and brick. For more information on repointing historic brick, check out # Preservation Brief. Repointing Mortar Joints in Historic Masonry Buildings can only be installed in non-visible locations. made available by The National Park Service. Property owners are encouraged to locate solar collectors on secondary and 2. FLASHING: Where the chimney interacts with the roofline of a structure is non-visible roof slopes. For more information on the installation of solar panels the most likely place for a leak. Metal z on historic structures refer to the section on sustainability. OP, -flashing or step-flashing are �r Mo20_1011201'D// �r „/ i �� p recommended to ensure that there is �� , SKYLIGHTS no water intrusion. Often roofing cement is applied to the joint to create PP e J Skylights are typically found in commercial structures. They are rare on VIr a water- tight juncture; however, the residential structures; however, occasionally they can be found on Bungalows, ” cement will eventually crack, thus typically on a secondary roof slope in a minimally visible location. This rule �� Y rY P Y allowing water in. should still be followed today. They should rise off the roof surface no more LEFT:A properly flashed chimney.Image than eight (8) inches and be flat. Bubble and round skylights are inappropriate. �/ /' ���� ' Source: www.oldhouseonline.com If multiple skylights are desired,they should be arranged in an orderly fashion. ROOFING STANDARDS 15. Roof-mounted satellite dishes, skylights, alarms, air-conditioning units (REQUIRED) and all roof- or wall-mounted accessories shall be located where its view from the public right of way is minimized. i. Original roof shape, form, design, eave depth, and other architectural • If a non-visible location is not feasible for rooftop equipment then elements shall be maintained. it can be installed at least 15 feet back from the primary wall of the 2. Original tile and slate roofs shall be maintained. structure. ROOFING GUIDELINES 3. Asphalt/fiberglass (composite) roof shingles as an in kind replacement is (RECOMMENDED NOT REQUIRED) allowed. 4. Metal roof shingles are permitted only if the shingle accurately replicates 1. The primary roof colors should be: original shingle materials in appearance,scale,and texture. Asphalt/fiberglass: red, green and black. Brown should be used to •S. Standing seam metal roofs can be installed on secondary roof slopes with imitate the color of wood shingles. roof pitches of less than four and twelve (4/12) and on accessory roof Metal roofs: white,galvanized or neutral. structures. 2. The prima 6. Metal roof profiles such as R-panel and rib panel are prohibited on primary gutter profile should be half round or box gutter. residential structures. 3. Interior chimneys below the roofline should be maintained. 7. Appropriate metal profiles,tile, slate and asphalt/ fiberglass roofs shall be considered an appropriate or compatible replacement material for ADDITIONAL RESOURCES asbestos roof shingles provided that the new material is appropriate for • NPS Preservation Brief#2: Repointing Mortar Joints in Historic Masonry the period and style of the structure. Buildings 8. Exposed rafter tails may not be boxed in,concealed and/or removed. • NPS Preservation Brief#4: Roofing for Historic Buildings 9. Original gutter profile shall be maintained. • NPS Preservation Brief #ig: The Repair and Replacement of Historic io. New gutters shall not damage or conceal rafter tails or other significant Wooden Shingle Roofs details of the structure. • NPS Preservation Brief #29: The Repair, Replacement and Maintenance'll Vinyl and plastic gutters are prohibited. of Historic Slate Roofs 12. The exterior portion of chimneys shall be maintained even if the fireplace • NPS Preservation Brief#30: The Preservation and Repair of Historic Clay is not functional and/or the interior portion has been removed. Tile Roofs 13. New chimneys shall be of a style, proportion and materials compatible with the period and style of the structure . Bungalow Details: Exterior by Jane Powell and Linda Svedsen 14. New dormers shall be appropriate in mass, scale, fenestration pattern and NPS Technical Preservation Services: From Asbestos to Zinc: Roofing for detail to the period and style of the structure. Historic Buildings • Old House Journal: Amazing Asphalt by Gordon Bock ........... SECTION STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES FOR 8 SIDING AND MASONRY ' INTRODUCTION � TYPES OF WOOD SIDING Wood frame structures must have some type of exterior cladding. Wood wall cladding can be divided into three broad categorizes: Wall structure systems are clad in either a wood or masonry (shingles,vertical and the most common horizontal. material to protect the wall structure beneath. Wood cladding is typically made up of either horizontal or vertical boards. This type of cladding is unusual for masonry structures. Around the turn of SHINGLE CLADDING the century, as veneering techniques became easier to install and Wood shingles are typically only used in gable ends; however, more popular, wood frame buildings can be found clad in a some structures are clad entirely in shingles. The shingles are mason material, typically brick or stucco. This chapter will masonry Y p tapered and installed in an overlapping pattern to prevent explore the most common types of cladding found in the (moisture infiltration. Below are common patterns. Fairmount Historic District. The following can be found in this chapter: p TYPES OF WOOD SLDING ASBESTOS SIDING 9 � ALTERNATIVE SIDING f J MASONRY COURSED STAGGERED FISHSCALE g F DECORATIVE ELF..MENTS � w. ��`,r1 wry r ��� ✓ \ „ Ilk n y Y s � w ye'4� SAWTOOTH DIAMOND CHISEL ABOVE: The images of wood shingles are fromAField Guide to American Houses by Virginia and Lee McAlester. 1. REMINDER: All exterior work requiring a building permit requires a Certificate of Appropriateness and must conform with all of City of Fort Worth ordinances. It is helpful when using these guidelines to be familiar with your architectural style. VERTICAL SIDING BOARDS,VERTICAL. � ASBESTOS SIDING In the image to the right LAPPED Asbestos siding became popular at the beginning of the 20th century. With from A Field Guide to ) � ' 4mm,51 appropriate maintenance, asbestos shingles can be expected to last over 30 American Houses by e years. The EPA banned asbestos in 1973, as a result, the repair of asbestos roof Virginia and Lee BOARD-ON-BOARD shingles and siding is not always feasible. If more than 20% of siding is McAlester, you can see damaged then replacement is most likely warranted. The removal of that vertical siding often g i o asbestos siding and the restoration of the wood siding, is lapped with either board X11 encouraged. on board or with a batten. BOARD-AND-BATTEN � a ; ti �y VI 5 0 " f HORIZONTAL SIDING Until the mid-19th Century most wood frame houses could be found with a � square boards that were over lapped to revent water intrusion. Toward the p latter part of the 19th century drop siding became popular. Simple drop siding in the 145 profile and false bevel siding in the 117 profile are the most common in the Fairmount Historic District. Flush siding is typically found on the interior of the structures as a wall finish, RIGHT: The BOARDS,HORIZONTAL BEVEL r images of wood i weatherboards arefrom A Field Guide to ....o� � °� �, � 6 ALTERNATIVE SIDING American Houses by Artificial siding and;'�iw4�/� Virginia and veneers such as vinyl and Lee McAlester. LAPPED CLAPBOARD RABBETED asphalt siding are not appropriate for historic DROP FLUSH districts are not suitable materials. Currently there 1S not a cement fiber board ail r 1� available in the prominent 105 and 117 siding profile.As more profiles become available they - will be reviewed by the HCLC SIMPLE OR FALSE BEVEL SHIPLAP TOUNGUE AND on a Case by Case basis. .ABOVE: The structure has a back veneer on the front 105 PROFILE OR 117 PROFILE JOINT GROOVE JOINT and inappropriate vinyl siding at the side. BRICK MASONRY MORTARS WOOD MOLD BRICK- Is wet or dry clay that is pressed into a wood mold BASIC MORTAR INGREDIENTS/ FORMULA: Lime or Portland cement (binder), allowed to dry and then fired. Depending on the firing method used strength sand,water and additives (animal hair, oyster shells, etc.) (soft vs. hard) and color (shade) can vary. These are typically solid. They are PRIOR TO MID-19— CENTURY: Lime based. High lime mortar is soft, porous most prevalent in structures constructed prior to 19oo; however, can still be and varies little in volume with seasonal temperatures. found today at various brick factories. Wood mold bricks can be identified by their rounded edges and corners and by holes and voids in the surface, MID-19TH CENTURY- EARLY 20TH CENTURY: Lime and Portland cement based. The amount of Portland cement used in mortar was gradually increased during this time. This corresponds with the evolution of brick. As the brick became harder the mortar became harder. EARLY 20— CENTURY- PRESENT: Portland cement based. Portland cement is extremely hard, resistant to water movement and is sensitive to seasonal temperatures. MASONRY VENEERS N I Masonry veneer is most commonly found in 20th Century structures.These are wood frame buildings that are clad in brick, stucco or stone. The masonry EXTRUDED BRICK- Is very dry clay that is forced through a form (creating a materials on these building are not structural and are purely decorative. After long ribbon) and cut by either a machine or by a wire into individual bricks and World War I, veneer techniques advanced significantly and thus more homes then fired.They are often hollow. Because they are produced on a massive scale were built using this technique. they are typically very hard and the color (shade) is more consistent. These bricks were popularized in the early 20th century. Extruded brick can be identified by its smooth surface and bard edges and corners. Wire cut brick can be identified by a series of vertical ridges in the surface and by hard edges and corners. 7 WOO "'&........... TRIM AND DECORATIVE ELEMENTS SIDING AND MASONRY STANDARDS Trim and decorative elements often have a strong visual impact and aesthetic (Required) value which functionally serves as a transition between building elements and 1. Original siding, brick, stone, stucco and decorative elements shall be often acts as a sealant, providing protection from water intrusion. Examples maintained. include corner boards, fascia, window and door trim, half timbering, brackets, 2. Original siding,brick, stone,stucco and decorative elements on a structure stucco banding,brick and wood quoins and dentil work. shall not be changed or concealed by the introduction of a different material. LEFT: The half S. When restoring wood siding, masonry and decorative elements, the timbering in the front manner in which they are used, applied or joined together shall be typical gable of this of the style and period of the existing structure. structure identifies it Arts and Crafts 4. Use of synthetic materials may be permitted on a case by case basis as an provided the material accurately replicates original materials in size, structure, but it also profile, exposure,detail, relief and dimension. serves as expansion and ventilation joints 5. Vinyl,plastic, metal and E.I.F.S cladding is prohibited. for the stucco veneer. 6. Historic brick, stone or other naturally unpainted materials shall not be painted unless the material has been previously painted. NO, 7. Florescent, neon,and metallic paint colors are prohibited. SIDING AND MASONRY GUIDELINES (Recommended not required) RIGHT: The corner uu boards, fascia and 1. Appropriate colors are those which are complimentary to the style and trim surrounding period of the structure, as well as the overall character and colors of the windows unit adjacent structures. creates a water tight seal at the siding an WIMAYINNIMAY, a V WARPRONfifln TIK IT&ONNIN WHOM a HIMMINAIM01 IN NOMMOW61t Na wmmomhiutaramm a a mummming joints. The trim l ADDITIONAL RESOURCES provides w the weather proofing NPS Preservation Brief#2: Repointing Mortar Joints in Historic Masonry to Buildings interior wall system and decreases water • NPS Preservation Brief #6: Dangers of Abrasive Cleaning to Historic intrusion. Buildings • PS Preservation Brief #io: Exterior Paint Problems of Historic Woodwork IN !I [Umndmnm 0 SECTION STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES FOR 9 SUSTAINABILITY INTRODUCTION J „r@ �d,, Graphic from#3 NPS Preservation Brief Design and construction of historic structures maximized the use depicts where energy of natural resources such as light and ventilation. This chapter Y U01, loss occurs. will explore old and new techniques to assist you in maintaining ' your home and provide additional energy efficient options. These i rfr, techniques and options will allow your home to operate efficiently y while maintaining its character defining features. - ; f ElettrK outku 2%40 MAINTAINING WOOD WINDOWS STORM DOORS AND WINDOWS Top SHVZTERs RAM SCREEN DOORS AND WINDOWS AWNINGS MAINTENANCE WEATHER STRIPPING AND CAULKING e Y ate ,r nw� COOL Rooi<s Maintaining windows on a regular basis to ensure that they operate 'properly will significantly reduce the amount of air loss. This SOLAR TECHNOLOGY includes replacing rotten wood, painting, and adding weather stripping and caulk. Weather stripping should be used between the movable parts of a window. It can easily become ripped, torn, loose, bent or otherwise damaged so follow the manufactures instructions for installation and routinely inspect and replace if needed. Caulk and other sealants can be used on the exterior of WOOD WINDOWS—MAINTENANCE AND EFFICIENCY your building where different materials meet or where expansion uuuuuu�Y "`"tlYi� and constriction occur. The US Department Of Energy estimates that windows account for roughly io% of a structure's air loss.Three basic steps can be taken REMINDER: All exterior work requiring a building permit requires a to reduce the amount of air loss through the window unit; Certificate of Appropriateness and must conform with all of City of Fort Worth ordinances. It is helpful when using these guidelines to be maintenance and the installation of low—e film and storm windows. familiar with your architectural style. , irr, Low-E FILM SHUTTERS iii/////ii//ii �/iii/ /i�/%i %%io�'"'������ A quick and inexpensive fix is to apply �������, �� Historic windows are recessed within the wall of the structure. This allows for Low-emissivity film (Low-E). This can reduce ����/j���„ �j„ ��,//�/ either a shutter or a screen to sit within the frame of the window unit. When your window energy loss by 30% to 50%. In '% the shutter is closed it creates a flush condition that provides protection from warmer climates the film should be applied to storms and intruders. Exterior shutters, historically have been used to provide the exterior of the window pane to reflect solar privacy and security while controlling light and air circulation. For this reason, radiation out. In cooler climates the film all shutters shall be operational (hinged). The style of shutter is should be place on the interior of the window � dependent upon the architectural style and not all styles can accommodate pane. So heat is 9 R ar shutters. Styles that cannot accommodate shutters can accommodate wood reflected back into” � " ' � j screens and awnings on the exterior and blinds on the interior. the house. The film can be � �", �� �� � / � t ✓/�, o:,� � um�numah � n purchased at your local hardware N LEFT/ Windows with Law-E L � r � r stare and has a f t coating reflect back part a�`' �, life span o f � '` , ; , /,/, the summer sun. AsovE: "° approximately i j/i MEN, Windows with Low-E coatin art reflect back o f rooms ' « 4 15 years. J' p heat. IMAGE SOURCE: Energy u Savers U.S. Department of y i �h Energy. ��% � /� A. LOUVERED B..� r . BOARD AND FATTEN C. PANELED A. LOUVERED: Provide the most control for light and air circulation. They can STORM WINDOWS AND DOORS be closed and locked, with the louvers open. This provides protection from Storm windows can be installed either on the interior rain and security while allowing light and air in. Louvered shutters are or exterior of the structure to increase the thermal appropriate for all style of homes. performance of your window. The addition of a storm B. BOARD AND BATTEN: Are vertical boards, usually beaded tongue and grove, window to a single pane window will have an energy, fastened by horizontal battens. They provide security , but do not allow for rating close to that of a double pane replacement IT fi the control of air circulation and light. They are appropriate for Arts and unit. Storm windows avoid the irreplaceable seal'11 i Crafts style structures, with or without a decorative cutout and Tudor style failure on insulated glass units (ICUs). The typical ', structures.They are NOT appropriate for Victorian style structure. life span of an IGU is approximately 25 years. Storm C. PANELED: These shutters have panels and don't afford much control of air windows can also be purchased with a Low-E coating. circulation or light infiltration. The areappropriate for Arts and Crafts le Strom windows and doors should not be installed in j �� g y style structures, with a decorative cutout, and for ground floor commercial locations where they damage or conceal significant ' Victorian style structures,without a decorative cutout. features and should fit the opening. SCREENS FOR DOORS AND WINDOWS AWNINGS Screening became popular in the 188os and For nearly two centuries remained popular throughout the United awnings have helped to define States. It fell out of favor as air conditioning the American streetscape. became affordable. During the beginning of Awnings first made an the loth century it was so popular that a appearance in America in the -a. 1930 survey from The Journal of Horne first part of the 19th Century. `Economics ranked window screening as the These awning were simple and third most important "household appliance" utilitarian in design. After the behind running water and sewage disposal. . " - Civil War awnings became more Screen doors can be simple in design or can I popular; industrialization made the frame work of awnings affordable. By the match the style of the main structure. Paired later part of the 19th Century operable and roller awnings were common. They and ribbon windows will not accommodate allowed for more flexibility in the shading of shops and residences. shutters; however, wood screens can be installed to help control light and air J Historically their primary use has always been to regulate light circulation. Screens also provide some i protection from rain and sun. Screens can infiltration. The US, Department �s 1 of Energy states that awnings can be combined with shutters. Structures that have shutters located on the exterior will reduce heat gain by up to 65% in o� south facing windows and up to have screens located on the interior; while, windows that can not accommodate shutters ' 77% in east facing windows. They1. will often have screens on the exterior with K reduce the stress on air 1 conditioning units and can lower the cost of cooling a building by up to 26%. blinds on the interior. ? They reduce glare and heat gain as efficiently as tinted windows and window film. During serve weather they provide protection to the structure while ( allowing the window or door to remain open, circulating air. SOLAR SCREEN Awnings were typically triangular in shape with a simple metal frame to which dyed canvas was attached. Slate, tan and green were the most popular colors. "! �t Solar screening is more opaque than' Sometimes stripes were painted to the top portion of canvas. The color of the traditional screening. This allows for more stripes typically corresponds to the color of the structure. Shed like awnings privacy while still allowing for air ',i4��a,�4d'''"'i����1� °'ii''N'9'" P�,1°1ji ""�""lip hiiU'ill'°°� with free hanging valances are r circulation. It will reduce the amount of light appropriate for most structures in the infiltration, by reflecting the sun's rays and Fairmount Historic District. Awnings because of its thickness it will help to trap should be installed only where heat in the winter months.The reflection of needed, typically the south and west the sun ray's will also extend the life of your !, elevations of a structure or on window unit. selected openings. SOLAR PANELS Prior to installing solar technology on-site, try improving the energy efficiency of the structure through other passive methods such as awnings, and screens. When placing solar MID— BLOCK STRUCTURE panels on-site, consider the impact that the technology will have on the historic character and fabric of the site. Consider the following locations prior to requesting the installation of solar technology on historic structures: 1. Pole mounted below the fence line 2. Non-historic structures on the site If the desired energy efficiency cannot be achieved in the above ACCESSORY STRUCTURE location then consider the following location: tai 3. Historic Accessory structures .If the desired energy efficiency cannot be achieved by placing solar technology in the above three areas, and the technology must be place on the historic structure, then the following locations should be considered in the order listed below. 4. Non-visible roof slope ♦ 5. Rear roof slope 6. Rear portion of side or secondary roof slope CORNER STRUCTURE 7. Side or secondary roof slopes L8. Front or primary roof slope In addition solar panels installed on the main structure should STREET conform to the slope of the roof and not extend past the ridge line or eave line of the roof, ABOVE: The above illustration shows where the most and lest appropriate locations for solar panels. NOT LEAST APPROPRIATE APPROPRIATE APPROPRIATE M COOL ROOFS SUSTAINABILITY STANDARDS SOLARSOLAR REFLECTANCE:The fraction of solar energy that is reflected by the roof. i. Desired locations of solar panels shall be: pole mounted (not visible energy 4k above fence line), accessory structures, rear roof slopes and rear portion of side (secondary) roof slopes. 001 THERMAL EMITTANCE:The The sun's _io reflective ability of the roof surface to radiation hits '00 2. Solar panels located on front roof slopes or primary roof slopes shall only f radiate absorbed heat I the roof surface be permitted provided that they increase energy production by more than Some heat us absorbed by the roof and 10%. transferred to the building below 3. Solar panels shall conform to the slope of the roof. Cool roofs reflect and emits the sun's heat back into the sky instead of 4• Solar panels shall not extend above the ridge line of the roof. transferring it to the structure. Their average energy saving range from 7-10%• 15. Shutters shall be operational(hinged)and fit the opening. There are several different types of cool roofs. They range from coatings for metal roofs and flat roofs to reflective granules on asphalt and other synthetic 6. Shutters on paired or ribbon Windows are prohibited. shingles. 7. Vinyl and metal shutters are prohibited. 8. Storm doors and windows shall not damage or conceal significant features and shall fit the opening. 9. Screen doors and widows should be made of wood and shall not damage ABovL: Cool Roofs come in three colors in asphalt/fiberglass shingles. They are or conceal significant features and shall fit the opening. typically lighter and more reflective than traditional roof shingles. I io. Metal screens or storm doors and windows shall have a factory painted iV; ... ................... .. .................... .......... .. ........I,,,,«,,,. `�.................. 4................... .. ...................... .. ....... ADDITIONAL RESOURCES finish or shall be painted to match the window frame or sash. • NPS Preservation Brief#3 Improving Energy Efficiency in Historic W 11. Metal,corrugated and slatted plastic awnings are prohibited. Buildings NPS Preservation Brief#9: The Repair of Historic Wooden Windows 12. Fabric awnings with simple metal frames shall be allowed provided that the shape, and size of the awning is compatible with the structure and • NPS Preservation Brief#44: The Use of Awnings on Historic Buildings: does not conceal or damage any significant architectural elements. Repair, Replacement and New Design Primary colors of awnings should be slate, tan,green or stripe. • The Secretary of the Interior's Standards for Rehabilitation&Illustrated Guidelines on Sustainability for Rehabilitating Historic Buildings • Energy Savers, US Department of Energy SECTION 10 (:5 DEFINITIONS w Apron: A raised panel below a window sill. Carriage Porch: A roofed structure constructed over a driveway at the main entrance of a building; it was designed to protect Arbor. A detached latticework structure for climbing vines individuals from the weather when entering or exiting into the Architrave: The lowest part of an entablature, sometimes used by j main residence. itself. Casement: A window sash that swings open along its entire Balustrade: An entire railing system including a top rail, length, usually on hinges fined to the sides. balusters, and a bottom rail. Chimney Cap: The cornice forming the crowning termination of Batten: A narrow strip of wood applied to cover a joint along the -a chimney. w a �f���U�iai„a,, ,�� a„��� edges of two parallel boards in the same plane. Classical Revival: An architecture movement in the early t Brackets: Ornamental carpentry, used frequently to give the nineteenth century based on the use of Greek and Roman forms. overhangs of houses a sense of exterior support. Colonial Revival: The re-use of Georgian and Early Colonial Beaded—Profile Panels: Panels manufactured to resemble designs in the United States in the late nineteenth century and traditional bead board. early twentieth century. N.,: ” „ Boxed Eave (boxed cornice): A hollow eave enclosed by the Contributing Structure: A contributing building, site, structure roofing,the soffit, and the building wall or abject which adds to the historical architectural qualities, historical associations or archaeological values for which a property Bricked Eave: Eave condition where the top of the brick or district is significant and possesses historical integrity reflecting its character at that time or is capable of yielding important masonry wall is corbelled out to the eave eliminating the soffit. information about the period, or it independently meets the Brickrnold: Window or door trim that covers the seam between National Register criteria.They include,but are not limited to: the jamb and the wall,typically two inches wide. Original structures built before 1940 Historic structures moved into or moved within the District Carpenter Gothic: A nineteenth century architectural style have the same contributing qualities as if they were built at found in the United States. It is evidenced by the application of their current location. Gothic motifs (typically wooden)by artisan-builders. Specific structures designated contributing by the architectural � REMINDER: All exterior work requiring a building permit requires a survey. Certificate of Appropriateness and must conform with all of City of Corbels:A bracket which fits under a horizontal surface. Fort Worth ordinances. It is helpful when using these guidelines to be familiar with your architectural style. r in i Corbelling: An overlapping arrangement of bricks or stones in which each Front yard: The front yard shall be defined as yard across the full width of a course (row) extends farther out from the vertical surface of the wall. it usu- tt extending from the front line of the main building to the front sidewalk. ally supports a cornice or overhanging member. Gable: The vertical triangular portion at the end of a building having a double Corinthian Order: The most slender and ornate of the three classical Greek sloping roof from the level of the cornice or eaves to the ridge of the roof. orders, typically having elaborate capitals with volutes and acanthus leaves as Gable L: Describes the massing of a house having a hipped roof with a project- decoration. ing gable form at the front, typically two-thirds the width of the fa�ade. Corner Board: A board which is used as trim on the external corner of a !Gable Roof- A roof having a gable at one or both ends. wood frame. 'Gambrel Roof. A roof with two slopes of different pitch on either side of the Cornice: An ornamental molding at the meeting of the roof and walls; it usual- 1 ridge. ly consists of bed molding,soffit,fascia, and crown molding. Half-timbering: A technique of wooden-frame construction in which the Crown Molding: Projecting molding forming the top member of a cornice, timber members are exposed on the outside of the wall. door, or window frame. �Hipped Roof. A roof that slopes upward from all four sides of a building, Dentil: One part of a band of small, square, tooth-like blocks forming part of requiring a hip rafter at each corner. the characteristic ornamentation of some classical orders. Doric Order: The column and entablature developed by the Dorian Greeks. It Hood: A cover placed above an opening or an object originally meant to shed water from the opening. Often found over windows and seen as trim. is sturdy in proportion with a simple square capital and no base. I _-1d d repair: Repair with like materials which does not change the historic Dormer:A projection from a wall or roof structure. When it rises from a roof is anppearance of the structure (i.e. wood replaced with wood, brick with brick, re- called a roof dormers and when it is an extension of a wall it is called a wall pairing a tongue and groove wood porch floor by using new tongue and groove dormer. When the dormer is located between the wall and roof it is referred to a ', cornice line dormer. wood where needed. etc.). Driveway: The purpose of the driveway shall be to create a paved surface for In-kind replacement: Duplicating the original feature or a missing feature; the movement of vehicles to their designated parking areas. The driveway shall (i.e. replacing an unsalvageable 4 over 1 wood window with a recycled 4 over 1 be defined as the paved area within the property line extending from the back of'wood window, or adding a matching i over 1 wood window to a window opening the sidewalk or lot line to the side yards, garage,out-building or through a porte �where a window had been removed in the past). Ionic Order: One of the three classical Greek orders of architecture Entablature: In classical architecture, the elaborated beam member carried characterized by a capital with large paired volutes. by the columns. it is horizontally divided into architrave,frieze, and cornice. Jack Arch: A flat or straight masonry arch. Eaves: The edge of the roof, with or without exposed rafter tails, which extends beyond the side of the structure usually twelve to twenty-four inches. Knee braces: Ornamental carpentry, used frequently to give the overhangs of houses a sense of exterior support. EIFS: Exterior insulation finishing system 1 Fascia: Vertical board that terminates a sloped roof at the eave. Knee Wall: A short,vertical wall that closes the low space created by a sloping Frieze: The middle horizontal member of a classical entablature located above ceiling and floor. the architrave and below the cornice. Light: A pane of glass, a window or a subdivision of a window. in 13 Lintel: A horizontal structural member(such as a beam) over an opening that Post—and—beam framing: A type of timber framing where heavy carries the weight of the wall above it. horizontal beams (girts) hang from heavy vertical corner posts. It began to fall out of favor in the United States by the early nineteenth century with Louver: An assembly of sloping, overlapping blades or slats designed to admit technological advances in lumber and fasteners (nails)that improved efficiency. air and/or light. They also offer protection from adverse weather like extreme Public Right of Way: Any area of public use, including the public sidewalk, or sunlight. street which is open to traffic. Mullion and Muntin: The vertical and horizontal members (respectively) Rafter Tails: A rafter, bracket, or joist that projects beyond the side of a separating(and often supporting)windows,doors, or panels. building and supports an overhanging portion of the roof. Non-contributing structure: A building, site, structure or object within a Rear Yard: The rear yard shall be defined as a yard extending across the full historic district that does not add to the values or qualities of that district be- width of the lot and measured between the rear line of the lot and rear line of � cause it was not present during the period of significance or because it no longer the main building. retains integrity. i Relocation: Moving a structure in the District from one site to another within Ogee Curve:A double curve resembling an S—shape. 'the District, or moving a structure from outside the District into the District, or moving a structure from within the District to outside the District boundaries. Oriel Window: In medieval English architecture, a window corbelled out Roof Pitch: The slope of a roof expressed as a ratio of its vertical rise to its from the wall of an upper story. horizontal run. Palladian Motif. A door or a window opening having three parts. Flat lintels Routine Maintenance: Repair, cleaning, painting,etc.which does not change are found over each side opening; the center opening having an arched top. the historic appearance of the structure. Parkway: The space between the public sidewalk and curb. Sash: The framework of a window. It may be movable or fixed and may slide in a vertical plane or pivoted. Pediment: In classical architecture, the triangular gable end of the roof above the horizontal cornice. Also, a surface used ornamentally over doors or Shed Dormer: A dormer window whose eave line is parallel to the eave line of windows. I the main roof instead of being gabled. Pergola: An attached structure of posts with carrying beams and trelliswork Shed Roof- A roof shape having only one sloping plane. for climbing plants. IShutter Dog: A pivoting bar for fixing shutters in the open position against a Period of significance: Structures built between 1885 and 1940. wall. Pilaster: An engaged pier,pillar or column, often seen with a capital and base. Side Gable: Describes the massing of a house having the gable end (or roof Porte-coch6re: A passageway through a building or screen wall to let vehicles ridgeline)perpendicular to the street. pass from the street to an interior courtyard. Side yard: The side yard shall be defined as a yard between the building and Portico: A porch or covered walk consisting of a roof supported by columns; a the sideline of the lot extending from the front yard to the designated rear yard. colonnaded porch. Skirt Board: A board set horizontally at the bottom of exterior wall cladding along the ground line or building foundation. Soffit: The exposed undersurface of any overhead component of a building, such as a beam, cornice,lintel, or vault. Stile-and-groove: A type of door construction that utilizes a framework of vertical and horizontal members with inset panels. Verge: The edge projecting over the gable of the roof. Also, the area of planting,lawn or pavement between the sidewalk and the street curb. Vergeboard: An ornamental board hanging from the rake,or verge, of a gable roof. Water Course or Water Table: A horizontal projecting stringcourse, molding, or ledge constructed to divert rainwater from a building. Typically made of stone or wood. Wing: A secondary part of a building that extends out from the main portion or'block"of the structure. In A SECTION 11 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ° Fairmount/Southside Historic District was established on the THIS UPDATE OF THE FAIRMOUNT STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES WAS National Register of Historic Places in April 1990. Subsequently, DEVELOPED BY: guidelines were established to maintain the standards that assured the preservation and architectural integrity of the historic district. 1 Fairmount/Southside Historic District Design Guidelines Revision We owe an immeasurable debt of gratitude to a number of Committee and Fairmount Neighborhood.Association Historic dedicated individuals for their role in the preservation of Preservation Committee: Fairmount and the development of this document. David Cantu-Crouch Michael McDermott THE FIRST PRINTING OF THE FAIRMOUNT SOUTHSIDE GUIDE TO Deanna Crook Sue McLean REHABILITATION, RESTORATION AND NEW CONSTRUCTION WAS IN Martin Dahl Patti Randle Meghan Dennis Alex Seleny OCTOBER 1991 AND WAS PREPARED $Y: Susan Harper Kathleen Seleny FAIRMOUNT ASSOCIATION HISTORIC ISSUES COMMITTEE: Mike Howe Rodney Wade Barbara Koerble Robert Wedding Phil Bordeleau Dorothy McKinney Judi Cole Kenneth McKinney Ruth Goolsbee Gary Miller CITY OF FORT WORTH Glen Loveday Scotty Mitchell DEPARTMENT OF PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT: CITY OF FORT WORTH DEPARTMENT OF Liz Casso, Historic Preservation Officer PLANNING&GROWTH MANAGEMENT SERVICES: Randy Hutcheson, Planning Manager Sevanne Steiner, Senior Planner Julia Hertenstein,Associate Planner; Emil Moncivais AIA AICP,Assistant Director; Special thanks to: yip Paul Nedde,AICP,Associate Planner; • The many residents of the Fairmount/Southside Historic District who have worked tirelessly for years to protect and CITY OF FORT WORTH DEPARTMENT OF DEVELOPMENT: improve the historic neighborhood. • Those residents who provided comments through online Jolene Loftus,Assistant Building Official surveys. TExAS HISTORICAL COMMISSION: • Members of the Fairmount Neighborhood Association who voted unanimously to adopt these standards. W. Dwayne Jones, Preservation Planner « Joel Burns, District 9 City Councilmember, for championing Fort Worth City Council's adoption of the standards. „r FUNDING PROVIDED BY: Fairmount Association and The U.S. . The members of the Fort Worth Historic and Cultural f Department of the Interior through a certified local government( Landmarks Commission. grant administered by Texas Historical Commission.