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Ordinance 13520
ORDINANCE NO /Afk AN ORDINANCE AMENDING THE FORT WORTH MECHANICAL CODE, BY ADOPTING THE 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE AND THE 1997 SUPPLEMENT TO THE INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE, WITH LOCAL AMENDMENTS, AMENDING SECTIONS 7-166,7-167,7-168 AND ADDING SECTION 7- 169 OF THE CODE OF THE CITY OF FORT WORTH (1986), REGULATING THE ERECTION, CONSTRUCTION, ENLARGEMENT, ALTERATION, REPAIR, MOVING, REMOVAL, DEMOLITION, CONVERSION, EQUIPMENT, DESIGN, QUALITY OF MATERIALS, USE AND MAINTENANCE OF HEATING, COMFORT COOLING AND VENTILATING SYSTEMS IN THE CITY OF FORT WORTH, TEXAS, CREATING AN ADMINISTRATION OFFICE AND MECHANICAL BOARD AND PRESCRIBING THEIR DUTIES, DEFINING CERTAIN TERMS, ESTABLISHING MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS FOR THE INSTALLATION, ALTERATION OR REPAIR OF MECHANICAL SYSTEMS, PROVIDING FOR THE ISSUANCE OF PERMITS AND THE COLLECTION OF FEES THEREFOR, PROVIDING FOR THE INSPECTION OF SUCH SYSTEMS, PROVIDING FOR A SEVERABILITY CLAUSE, PROVIDING FOR A SAVINGS CLAUSE, PROVIDING FOR A PENALTY CLAUSE, PROVIDING FOR PUBLICATION IN PAMPHLET FORM, PROVIDING FOR PUBLICATION IN THE OFFICIAL NEWSPAPER, AND PROVIDING AN EFFECTIVE DATE BE IT ORDAINED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF FORT WORTH, TEXAS SECTION 1 That Section 7 -166 of the Code of the City of Fort Worth (1986), as amended, is hereby amended to read as follows See. 7 -166. Code - Adopted. (a) The Mechanical Code of the City is hereby revised and amended to conform, with certain exceptions as specified below, to the 1996 International Mechanical Code, along with the 1997 Supplement to the International Mechanical Code, of the International Code Council (ICC), and the same as amended is hereby adopted as the City's Mechanical Code. One (1) copy of the 1996 International Mechanical Code marked Exhibit "A", along with one (1) copy of the 1997 Supplement to the International Mechanical Code marked Exhibit `B ", is incorporated herein by reference and shall be filed in the Office of the City Secretary for permanent record and inspection. (b) The installation standards contained in the 1996 International Mechanical Code (Exhibit "A "), along with those contained in the 1997 Supplement to the International Mechanical Code (Exhibit `B "), are adopted as part of the City's Mechanical Code and are under the administrative and interpretative authority as prescribed in this code SECTION 2 That Section 7 -167 of the Code of the City of Fort Worth (1986), as amended, is hereby amended as follows Sec. 7 -167 Same - Amendments. (a) The 1996 International Mechanical Code, along with the 1997 Supplement to the International Mechanical Code, is hereby amended by revising Chapter 1 "ADMINISTRATION" to read as follows PART I - ADMINISTRATIVE Chapter A TITLE, SCOPE AND GENERAL SECTION A01 - GENERAL A01.1 Title. These regulations shall be known as the "Fort Worth Mechanical Code," may be cited as such, and will herein be referred to as "this code." A01.2 Scope. (a) The provisions of this code shall apply to the design, installation, maintenance, alteration and inspection of mechanical systems that are permanently installed and utilized to provide control of environmental conditions and related processes within buildings. This code shall also regulate those mechanical systems, system components, equipment and appliances specifically addressed in this code. Provisions in the appendices shall not apply unless specifically adopted. (b) This code is not intended to apply to the installation of gas distributing mains and services in the streets, alleys and easements by employees of the gas distributing company A01.3 Intent. The purpose of this code is to provide minimum standards to safeguard life or limb, health, property and public welfare by regulating and controlling the design, construction, installation, quality of materials, location, operation, and maintenance or use of mechanical equipment and systems. The purpose of this code is not to create or otherwise establish or designate any particular class or group of persons who will or should be especially protected or benefited by the terms of this code. A01.4 Severability. If any section, subsection, sentence, clause or phrase of this code is 2 for any reason held to be unconstitutional, such decision shall not affect the validity of the remaining portions of this code SECTION A02 - APPLICABILITY A02.1 General. The provisions of this code shall apply to all matters affecting or relating to structures and premises, as set forth in Section A01 Where, in any specific case, different sections of this code specify different materials, methods of construction or other requirements, the most restrictive shall govern. A02.2 Existing installations. Except as otherwise provided for in this chapter, a provision in this code shall not require the removal, alteration or abandonment of, nor prevent the continued utilization and maintenance of, an existing mechanical system lawfully in existence at the time of the adoption of this code. Exception- A kitchen exhaust system with a Type I hood for collecting and removing grease and smoke, and a fire extinguishing system shall be installed at or above all existing cooking equipment in commercial food processing establishments as required by Chapter 5 of this code. A02.3 Maintenance. Mechanical systems, both existing and new, and parts thereof shall be maintained in proper operating condition in accordance with the original design and in a safe and sanitary condition. Devices or safeguards which are required by this code shall be maintained in compliance with the code edition under which installed. The owner or the owner's designated agent shall be responsible for maintenance of mechanical systems. To determine compliance with this provision, the code official shall have the authority to require a mechanical system to be reinspected. A02.4 Additions, alterations or repairs. Additions, alterations, renovations or repairs to any mechanical system shall conform to that required for a new mechanical system without requiring the existing mechanical system to comply with all the requirements of this code. Additions, alterations or repairs shall not cause an existing system to become unsafe, hazardous or overloaded. Minor additions, alterations, renovations and repairs to existing mechanical systems shall meet the provisions for new construction, unless such work is done in the same manner and arrangement as was in the existing system, is not hazardous and is approved. A02.5 Change in occupancy It shall be unlawful to make any change in the occupancy of any structure that will subject the structure to any special provision of this code applicable to the new occupancy without approval of the code official. The code official shall certify that such structure meets the intent of the provisions of law governing building construction for the proposed new occupancy and that such change of occupancy does not result in any hazard to the public health, safety or welfare 3 A02.6 Historic buildings. The provisions of this code relating to the construction, alteration, repair, enlargement, restoration, relocation or moving of buildings or structures shall not be mandatory for existing buildings or structures identified and classified by the state or local jurisdiction as historic buildings when such buildings or structures are fudged by the code official to be safe and in the public interest of health, safety and welfare regarding any proposed construction, alteration, repair, enlargement, restoration, relocation or moving of buildings. Exception. Buildings undergoing a change of occupancy A02.7 Moved buildings. Except as determined by Section A02.2, mechanical systems that are a part of buildings or structures moved into or within the jurisdiction shall comply with the provisions of this code for new installations. A02.8 Referenced codes and standards. The codes and standards referenced in this code shall be those that are listed in Chapter 16, are considered part of the requirements of this code to the prescribed extent of each such reference, and are under the administrative and interpretative authority as prescribed in this code. Where the requirements of reference standards or manufacturer's installation instructions do not conform to minimum provisions of this code, the provisions of this code shall apply A02.9 Requirements not covered by code. Any requirements necessary for the strength, stability or proper operation of an existing or proposed mechanical system, or for the public safety, health and general welfare, not specifically covered by this code, shall be determined by the code official. SECTION A03 - APPROVAL A03.1 Modifications. Whenever there are practical difficulties involved in carrying out the provisions of this code, the code official shall have the authority to grant modifications for individual cases, provided the code official shall first find that special individual reason makes the strict letter of this code impractical and the modification is in conformity with the intent and purpose of this code and that such modification does not lessen health, life and fire safety requirements. The details of action granting modifications shall be recorded and entered in the files of the inspection department. A03.2 Alternate materials, methods and equipment. The provisions of this code are not intended to prevent the installation of any material or to prohibit any method of construction not specifically prescribed by this code, provided that any such alternative has been approved. An alternative material or method of construction shall be approved where the code official finds that the proposed design is satisfactory and complies with the intent of the provisions of this code, and that the material, method or work offered is, for the purpose intended, at least the equivalent of that prescribed in this code in quality, strength, effectiveness, fire resistance, durability and safety A03.3 Required testing. Whenever there is insufficient evidence of compliance with the 4 provisions of this code, or evidence that a material or method does not conform to the requirements of this code, or in order to substantiate claims for alternate materials or methods, the code official shall have the authority to require tests as evidence of compliance to be made at no expense to the jurisdiction. A03.3 1 Test methods. Test methods shall be as specified in this code or by other recognized test standards In the absence of recognized and accepted test methods, the code official shall approve the testing procedures. A03.3.2 Testing agency. All tests shall be performed by an approved agency A03.3.3 Test reports. Reports of tests shall be retained by the code official for the period required for retention of public records. A03.4 Material and equipment reuse. Materials, equipment and devices shall not be reused unless such elements have been reconditioned, tested, placed in good and proper working condition, and approved. SECTION A04 - VIOLATIONS A04.1 Unlawful acts. It shall be unlawful for any person, firm or corporation to erect, construct, alter, repair, remove, demolish or utilize any mechanical system, or cause same to be done, in conflict with or in violation of any of the provisions of this code. A04.2 Violation penalties. Any person, firm or corporation who shall violate a provision of this code or shall fail to comply with any of the requirements thereof or who shall erect, install, alter or repair mechanical work in violation of the approved construction documents or directive of the code official, or of a permit or certificate issued under the provisions of this code, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and conviction thereof shall be punishable by a fine not to exceed Two Thousand Dollars ($2,000 00) for all violations involving fire safety, or public health and sanitation and shall be fined not more than Five Hundred Dollars ($500 00) for all other violations of this ordinance. Each day or any portion thereof during which any violation of this ordinance occurs or continues shall be deemed a separate offense and upon conviction thereof shall be punishable as herein provided. A04.3 Stop work orders. Upon notice from the code official, work on any mechanical system that is being done contrary to the provisions of this code or in a dangerous or unsafe manner shall immediately cease Such work shall not resume until authorized by the code official to proceed. Such notice shall be in writing and shall be given to the owner of the property, or to the owner's agent, or to the person doing the work or causing such work to be done. Where an emergency exists, the code official shall not be required to give a written notice prior to stopping the work. A04 4 Abatement of violation. The imposition of the penalties herein prescribed shall not preclude the legal officer of the jurisdiction from instituting appropriate action to prevent `, unlawful construction or to restrain, correct or abate a violation, or to prevent illegal occupancy 5 of a building, structure or premises, or to stop an illegal act, conduct, business or utilization of the mechanical system on or about any premises A04.5 Unsafe mechanical systems. Any mechanical system regulated by this code that is unsafe or that constitutes a fire or health hazard, insanitary condition, or is otherwise dangerous to human life is hereby declared unsafe Use of a mechanical system regulated by this code constituting a hazard to safety, health or public welfare by reason of improper installation, inadequate maintenance, dilapidation, obsolescence, fire hazard, disaster, damage or abandonment is hereby declared an unsafe use. Any such unsafe equipment is hereby declared to be a public nuisance and shall be abated by repair, rehabilitation, demolition or removal. When any mechanical system is maintained in violation of this code, and in violation of any notice issued pursuant to the provisions of this section, the code official may institute any appropriate action to prevent, restrain, correct or abate the violation. A04.5.1 Authority to condemn mechanical systems. Whenever the code official determines that any mechanical system, or portion thereof, regulated by this code has become hazardous to life, health or property or has become insanitary, the code official shall order in writing that such system either be removed or restored to a safe condition. A time limit for compliance with such order shall be specified in the written notice. No person shall use or maintain a defective mechanical system after receiving such notice. A04.5.2 Authority to order disconnection of utilities. The code official shall have the authority to order disconnection of any energy sources supplied to a building, structure or mechanical system regulated by this code when it is determined that the system or any portion thereof has become hazardous or insanitary Written notice of such order to disconnect service and the causes therefor shall be given within 24 hours to the owner and occupant of such building, structure or premises, provided, however, that in cases of immediate danger to life or property, such disconnection shall be made immediately without such notice. The code official shall immediately notify the serving utility in writing of the issuance of such order to disconnect. A04.5.3 Connection after order to disconnect. No person shall make connections from any energy, fuel, power supply to any mechanical systems regulated by this code that has been disconnected or ordered to be disconnected by the code official or the use of which has been ordered to be discontinued by the code official until the code official authorizes the reconnection and use of such equipment. 0 Chapter B ORGANIZATION AND ENFORCEMENT SECTION B01 - ORGANIZATION B01.1 Code Official. Whenever the term "code official" is used in this code, it shall be construed to mean the Building Official or his authorized representative(s) The code official shall not be removed from office except for cause and after full opportunity to be heard on specific and relevant charges. The code official shall have the power to render interpretations of this code as may be deemed necessary in order to clarify the application of the provisions of this code. Such interpretations shall be in conformity with the intent and the purpose of this code. B01.2 Deputies. In accordance with the prescribed procedures of this jurisdiction, the code official shall have the authority to appoint a deputy code official, other related technical officers, inspectors and other employees. For the purpose of this code, the regularly authorized deputy code official shall be the Chief Mechanical Inspector B01.3 Department having jurisdiction. Unless other wise provided for by law, the office of the code official shall be part of the Development Department. B01.4 Restriction of employees. An official or employee connected with the department of mechanical inspection shall not be engaged in or directly or indirectly connected with the furnishing of labor, materials or appliances for the construction, alteration or maintenance of a building; and such officer or employee shall not engage in any work that conflicts with official duties or with the interests of the department. Further no official or employee shall be permitted to work for, or be connected with, any mechanical contractor, HVAC manufacturer or wholesale supply company, or do any mechanical work while employed as a mechanical inspector by the city B01.5 Liability. The code official charged with the enforcement of this code, acting in good faith and without malice in the discharge of the duties required by this code or other pertinent law or ordinance shall not thereby be rendered personally liable for damages that may accrue to persons or property as a result of an act or by reason of an act or omission in the discharge of such duties. A suit brought against the code official or employee because of such act or omission performed by the code official or employee in the enforcement of any provision of such codes or other pertinent laws or ordinances implemented through the enforcement of this code or enforced by the code enforcement agency shall be defended by this jurisdiction until final termination of such proceedings and any judgment resulting therefrom shall be assumed by this jurisdiction. 7 This code shall not be construed to relieve from or lessen the responsibility of any person owning, operating or controlling any building or structure for any damages to persons or property caused by defects, nor shall the code enforcement agency or its parent jurisdiction be held as assuming any such liability by reason of the inspections authorized by this code or any permits or certificates issued under this code SECTION BO2 - DUTIES AND POWERS OF THE CODE OFFICIAL B02.1 General. The code official shall enforce all of the provisions of this code and shall act on any question relative to the installation, alteration, repair, maintenance or operation of all mechanical systems, devices and equipment except as otherwise specifically provided for by statutory requirements or as provided for in Section B02.2 through B02.9 B02.2 Rule- making authority. The code official shall have authority as necessary in the interest of public health, safety and general welfare to adopt and promulgate rules and regulations to interpret and implement the provisions of this code to secure the intent thereof and to designate requirements applicable because of local climatic or other conditions. Such rules shall not have the effect of waiving structural or fire performance requirements specifically provided for in this code, or of violating accepted engineering practice involving public safety B02.3 Applications and permits. The code official shall receive applications and issue permits for the installation and alteration of mechanical systems, inspect the premises for which such permits have been issued, and enforce compliance with the provisions of this code B02.4 Inspections. The code official shall make all the required inspections, or shall accept reports of inspection by approved agencies or individuals All reports of such inspections shall be in writing and be certified by a responsible officer of such approved agency or by the responsible individual. The code official is authorized to require expert opinion, as deemed necessary, to report on unusual technical issues that arse, at no expense to the jurisdiction. B02.5 Right of entry. Whenever it is necessary to make an inspection to enforce the provisions of this code, or whenever the code official has reasonable cause to believe that there exists in any building or upon any premises, any condition or violation of this code that make the building or premises unsafe, insanitary, dangerous or hazardous, the code official shall have the authority to enter the building or premises at all reasonable times to inspect or to perform the duties imposed upon the code official by this code If such building or premises is occupied, the code official shall present his credentials to the occupant and request entry If building or premises is unoccupied, the code official shall first make a reasonable effort to locate the owner or other person having charge or control of the building or premises and request entry If entry is refused, the code official shall have recourse to every remedy provided by law to secure entry When the code official shall have first obtained a proper inspection warrant or other remedy provided by law to secure entry, no owner, occupant, or person having charge, care or control of any building or premises shall fail or neglect, after proper request is made as herein provided, to promptly permit entry therein by the code official for the purpose of inspection and examination pursuant to this code B02.6 Identification. The code official shall carry proper identification when inspecting structures or premises in the performance of duties under this code. B02.7 Notices and orders. The code official shall issue all necessary notices or orders to ensure compliance with this code. B02.8 Department records. The code official shall keep official records of applications received, permits and certificates issued, fees collected, reports of inspections, and notices and orders issued. Such records shall be retained in the official records for the period required for the retention of public records. B02.9 Cooperation of other officials and officers. The code official may request, and shall receive, the assistance and cooperation of other officials of this jurisdiction so far as is required in the discharge of the duties required by this code or other pertinent law or ordinance SECTION B03 - BOARD OF APPEALS (MECHANICAL BOARD) B03.1 Creation. The City Council hereby establishes a Mechanical Board (the Board) for the purpose of determining the acceptability and adequacy of materials, equipment, and methods of installation. follows B03.2 Membership. The Board shall consist of mne members to be appointed as Place #1 Citizen not in the Building Industry Place #2. Registered Mechanical Engineer Place #3 Registered Mechanical Engineer Place #4 Licensed Air Conditioning Contractor Place #5 Licensed Air Conditioning Contractor Place #6 Licensed Mechanical Contractor Place #7 Citizen in the Air Conditioning Industry Place #8 Architect Place #9 Citizen not in Building Industry B03.3 The nine members shall be appointed by the City Manager with the advice and consent of the City Council. Members shall serve two -year terms Members appointed to odd - numbered places shall serve terms which expire October 1 of the odd numbered years and members appointed to even - numbered places shall serve terms which expire October 1 of the even numbered years. No member shall serve more than three consecutive two -year terms and the term of current members shall be counted toward the limit of terms to be served for purposes of this ordinance The members shall serve until their successors are appointed. E B03.4 Compensation of members. All members shall serve without compensation, except for reimbursement for authorized expenses attendant to the performance of their duties. B03.5 Ex- officio members. The City Environmental Health Manager of the Department of Public Health, the Fire Chief and the code official, or their authorized representatives, shall serve as ex- officio members. As ex- officio members, they shall have the right to make and second motions but shall not have the power to vote. B03 6 Successors; Removal from Office. Should any one of the nine members of the Board die, become unable to act for any reason, resign or be removed for cause, as hereinafter provided, the City Manager shall appoint a successor to fill the unexpired term or to serve until a new member can be duly appointed. The City Council may remove any member of the Board during the term of which he may be appointed. The action of the City Council in such matters shall be final. B03.7 Chairman; Vice- chairman. It shall be the duty of the Board to meet as soon as is practicable each October and organize by selecting one of their members as chairman and another as vice - chairman. B03.8 Meetings; Quorum. Regular meetings of the Board shall be scheduled on a monthly basis, except that meetings may be canceled when there is no business to come before the Board. Five members of the Board shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. Every matter before the Board for vote shall require for final passage the affirmative vote of a majority of the members present and voting. B03.9 Secretary. The code official, or a designated individual, shall serve as secretary to the Board. The secretary shall keep a full record of the proceedings of the Board. The Secretary shall maintain a complete record and minutes of the actions of the Board. The Secretary shall transmit to the Board all relevant records and data upon which the appeal was taken. B03 10 Right of Appeal. Any person, firm, company or corporation aggrieved by a decision or order of the code official may appeal such decision or order to the Board if it falls within the Board's authority B03 10.1 Time. Every appeal must be filed in writing on the form provided by staff with the code official within thirty (30) days from the date of the decision or order appealed from. Such appeal shall contain appropriate reference to the decision or order appealed from, as well as the grounds for the appeal. B03.10.2 Fee. At the time of filing an appeal, the appellant shall pay a non- refundable appeal fee as set forth in Table C05.2 B03 10.3 Hearing. The Board shall fix a reasonable time for the hearing of an 10 appeal and shall give notice of said hearing in writing to the parties in interest. Parties may appear before the Board in person, by agent or by attorney The Board may require additional data and tests necessary for adequate decision of the appeal. The Board shall notify the appellant of its decision. B03.11 Authority and Power It shall be the duty of the Board to hear any written appeal or complaints made by any contractor, citizen or otherwise, that may have a bearing upon the efficient enforcement of the mechanical ordinances, and the Board shall take such action thereon as may be deemed proper and within its authority, provided that the same shall not be inconsistent with any laws of the State or this code or other ordinances of the City code. The Board shall have no authority relative to the administrative provision of any of this B03.11.1 Interpretations. The Board shall have the authority and power to hear appeals on interpretations by the code official on this code. The Board may modify in whole or in part or may affirm the interpretation of the code official. No interpretations shall be heard by the Board until the code official has rendered a written interpretation. It shall be incumbent upon the code official to render a written interpretation within thirty (30) days of receipt of written request. B03.11.2 Alternate methods. The Board shall have the power to approve alternate methods of construction, provided that the Board finds the same degree of suitability, strength, fire resistance, effectiveness, durability, sanitation and safety exists in the alternate method as intended by the standards. B03 11.3 New methods and materials. The Board shall have the authority to approve new materials, methods, devices, etc , provided that the Board finds the same degree of suitability, strength, effectiveness, fire resistance, durability, sanitation and safety exists in the new methods as intended by the standards. The Board, in approving new materials and processes, shall rely upon recognized standards or practices. B03 11.4 Review ordinances. The Board may review from time to time the provisions of this code and recommend any necessary changes and/or improvements to the City Council. This review shall include consideration of suggestions from contractors or the public at large which shall be obtained by means of open hearing as well as through the regular channels. B03 11.5 Hear appeals concerning the suspension or revocation of licenses or registration as specified in Section D02. B03.12 Stay of proceedings. An appeal shall stay all proceedings in connection with the decision or order appealed from, unless and until the code official shall have certified to the Board after notice of appeal has been filed that a stay would cause hazard to life or property Any work done contrary to the order of the code official after filing an appeal hereunder, pending 11 the determination of such appeal, shall be subject to nullification should the order be affirmed and may not be considered by the Board as mitigating or extenuating circumstance B03 13 Enforcement. The code official shall enforce and execute all legal decisions and orders of the Board for which they are respectively responsible. B03.14 Court review. A person, firm, company or corporation aggrieved by a decision or order of the Board may present to a District Court a petition, duly venfied, setting forth that such decision is illegal, in whole or in part, specifying the grounds of illegality Such petition shall be presented to the Court within ten (10) days after the filing of the decision of the board. Chapter C PERMITS AND INSPECTIONS SECTION CO1 - PERMITS C01 1 When required. Any owner, authorized agent or contractor who desires to construct, enlarge, alter, repair, move, demolish or change the occupancy of a building or structure, or to erect, install, enlarge, alter, repair, remove, convert or replace any mechanical system, the installation of which is regulated by this code, or to cause any such work to be done, shall first make application to the code official and obtain the required permit for the work. permit: A separate permit shall be obtained for each building or structure. C01.2 Exempt work. The following work shall be exempt from the requirement for a Any portable heating appliance, portable ventilating equipment, portable cooling unit or portable evaporative cooler 2. A closed system of steam, hot or chilled water piping within heating or cooling equipment regulated by this code Replacement of any component part or assembly of an appliance which does not alter its original approval and complies with other applicable requirements of this code. 4 Refrigerating equipment which is part of the equipment for which a permit has been issued pursuant to the requirements of this code 5 A unit refrigerating system. 12 Exemption from the permit requirements of this code shall not be deemed to grant authorization for any work to be done in violation of the provisions of this code or any other laws or ordinances of this jurisdiction. SECTION CO2 - WHOM PERMITS MAY BE ISSUED TO CO2.1 General. No permit shall be issued to any person to do or cause to be done any work regulated by this code, except to a person holding a valid, unexpired and unrevoked Fort Worth Mechanical Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Contractor's License or State of Texas Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Contractor's License with proper endorsements, and who has on file with the City a registration form as required in Section DO1 of this ordinance, except as otherwise hereinafter provided in this section. Such licensed contractors may extend to and connect thereto any gas piping that may be required for the operating of such equipment. CO2.2 Plumbing contractors. Plumbing contractors that hold a valid State of Texas Master Plumber's License and a valid Plumbing Business Registration in the Department of Development may obtain permits and install gas fired appliances which are not considered "air conditioning contracting" by the State Air Conditioning Licensing Law All L.P gas piping installations shall conform to the applicable Texas Railroad Commission regulations. CO2.3 Boiler and pressure vessels. Boiler installation or repair contractors who have been certified by an approved testing agency, testing to meet American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) and American Welding Society (AWS) codes, or licensed as a State of Texas Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Contractor or Fort Worth Mechanical Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Contractor may make boiler and pressure vessel installation and repair CO2.4 Automatic Fire Extinguishing Installation. Automatic Fire System Installation and Repair contractors who hold a valid Class A Fire Extinguisher Servicing License or a Fire Extinguishing System Planning License issued by the State Fire Marshal and whose business has been issued a valid certificate of registration for installation and service of fire extinguisher systems by the State Fire Marshal, are required to obtain permits for all automatic fire extinguishing system installations regulated by this code CO2.5 Prefabricated fireplaces, ventilation systems, or commercial kitchen hood systems. An owner or an official of a company whose primary business includes the installation of such equipment, and who is proficient in the installation of such equipment, may register for the purpose of obtaining permits to install such equipment. CO2.6 Electrical work. All electrical connections are regulated by the Fort Worth Electrical Code. An electrical disconnect may be installed by a licensed HVAC contractor with a valid business registration when replacing an existing HVAC unit of the same or lesser 13 amperage A maintenance electrical license shall be required for all persons who perform electrical service, repair or maintenance on equipment regulated by the Mechanical Code when an electrical permit is not required. Exception. Those persons who possess a valid State of Texas Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Contractor's License with proper endorsements and having a business registered with the City of Fort Worth shall not be required to obtain nor shall employees under their direct personal supervision be required to obtain a Fort Worth Maintenance Electrical License to service and maintain the internal part of the system as manufactured and listed. SECTION CO3 - APPLICATION FOR PERMIT CO3.1 Application. Any person legally entitled to apply for and receive a permit shall make application on forms provided for that purpose. Every such application shall. 1 Identify and describe the work to be covered by the permit for which application is made. 2. Describe the land on which the proposed work is to be done by legal description, street address or similar description that will readily identify and definitely locate the proposed building or work. 3 Indicate the use or occupancy for which the proposed work is intended. 4 Be accompanied by plans, diagrams, computations and specifications and other data as required in Section CO3.2. 5 Be signed by the applicant or an authorized agent of the applicant. Exception. Applications made verbally by phone by registered individuals with a valid charge account. 6 Give such other data and information as may be required by the code official. CO3.2 Plans and specifications. Plans, specifications, engineering calculations; diagrams, soil investigation reports, special inspection and structural observation programs and other data shall constitute the submittal documents and shall be submitted in one or more sets with each application for a permit. When such plans are not prepared by an architect or engineer, the code official may require the applicant submitting such plans or other data to demonstrate that state law does not require that the plans be prepared by a licensed architect or engineer The code official may require plans, computations and specifications to be prepared and designed by an engineer or architect licensed by the state to practice as such even if not required by state law Exception• The code official may waive the submission of plans, calculations, construction inspection requirements and other data if it is found that the nature of the work applied for is such that reviewing of plans is not necessary 14 to obtain compliance with this code CO3.3 Information on plans and specifications. Plans and specifications shall be drawn to scale upon substantial paper or cloth and shall be of sufficient clarity to indicate the location, nature and extent of the work proposed and show in detail that it will conform to the provisions of this code and all relevant laws, ordinances, rules and regulations. Plans for building of other than Group R, Division 3 and Group U Occupancies shall indicate how required structural and fire - resistive integrity will be maintained where penetrations will be made for plumbing pipes and similar systems. CO3.4 Architect or engineer of record. When it is required that documents be prepared by an architect or engineer, the code official may require the owner to engage and designate on the permit application an architect or engineer who shall act as the architect or engineer of record. If the circumstances require, the owner may designate a substitute architect or engineer of record who shall perform all of the duties required of the original architect or engineer of record. The code official shall be notified in writing by the owner if the architect or engineer of record is changed or is unable to continue to perform the duties. The architect or engineer of record shall be responsible for reviewing and coordinating all submittal documents prepared by others, including deferred submittal items, for compatibility with the design of the building. CO3.5 Deferred submittals. For the purpose of this section, deferred submittals are defined as those portions of the design that are not submitted at the time of the application.and that are to be submitted to the code official within a specified period. Deferral of any submittal items shall have prior approval of the code official. The architect or engineer of record shall list the deferred submittals on the plans and shall submit the deferred submittal documents for review by the code official. Submittal documents for deferred submittal items shall be submitted to the architect or engineer of record who shall review them and forward them to the code official with a notation indicating that the deferred submittal documents have been reviewed and that they have been found to be in general conformance with the design of the building. The deferred submittal items shall not be installed until their design and submittal documents have been approved by the code official. CO3 6 Expiration of plan review Applications for which no permit is issued within 180 days following the date of application shall expire by limitation, and plans and other data submitted for review may thereafter be returned to the applicant or destroyed by the code official. The code official may extend the time for action by the applicant for a period not exceeding 180 days on request by the applicant showing that circumstances beyond the control of the applicant have prevented action from being taken. No application shall be extended more than once. In order to renew action on an application after expiration, the applicant shall resubmit plans and 15 pay a new plan review fee. SECTION C04 - PERMIT ISSUANCE C04.1 Issuance. The application, plans, specifications, computations and other data filed by an applicant for a permit shall be reviewed by the code official. Such plans may be reviewed by other departments of this jurisdiction to verify compliance with any applicable laws under their jurisdiction. If the code official finds that the work described in an application for a permit and the plans, specifications and other data filed therewith conform to the requirements of this code and other pertinent laws and ordinances, and that the fees specified in Section C05 have been paid, the code official shall issue a permit therefor to the applicant. When the code official issues the permit where plans are required, the code official shall endorse in writing or stamp the plans and specifications APPROVED Such approved plans and specifications shall not be changed, modified or altered without authorization from the code official, and all work regulated by this code shall be done in accordance with the approved plans. The code official may issue a permit for the construction of part of a mechanical system before the entire plans and specifications for the whole building or structure have been submitted or approved, provided adequate information and detailed statements have been filed complying with all pertinent requirements of this code. The holder of a partial permit shall proceed without assurance that the permit for the entire building or structure will be granted. C04.2 Withholding of permits. The code official is authorized to withhold permits to any person for the reasons set forth herein upon written notice to such person. The determination of the code official may be appealed to the Board as provided in Section B03 10 The .code official is authorized to withhold the issuance of mechanical permits to any person until such time as the mechanical system for which a permit was previously issued has been completed or is being performed in an efficient manner in a reasonable length of time. 2. any person who is delinquent in the payment of fees owed the City of Fort Worth. 3 any person who has performed previous fobs which remain in violation of this code. C04.3 Validity The issuance of a permit or approval of construction documents shall not be construed to be a permit for, or an approval of, any violation of any of the provisions of this code or of other ordinance of the jurisdiction. No permit presuming to give authority to violate or cancel the provisions of this code shall be valid. The issuance of a permit based upon construction documents and other data shall not prevent the code official from thereafter requiring the correction of errors in said construction 16 documents and other data or from preventing building operations being carried on thereunder when in violation of this code or of other ordinances of this jurisdiction. C04.4 Expiration. Every permit issued by the code official under the provisions of this code shall expire by limitation and become null and void if the work authorized by such permit is not commenced within 180 days from the date of such permit, or if the work authorized by such permit is suspended or abandoned at any time after the work is commenced for a period of 180 days. Before such work can be recommenced, a new permit shall be first obtained and the fee therefor shall be one -half the amount required for a new permit for such work, provided no changes have been made or will be made in the original construction documents for such work, and provided further that such suspension or abandonment has not exceeded one year In order to renew action on a permit after expiration, the permittee shall pay a new full permit fee. C04.5 Extensions. Any permittee holding an unexpired permit shall have the right to apply for an extension of the time within which the permittee will commence work under that permit when work is unable to be commenced within the time required by tins section for good and satisfactory reasons. The code official shall extend the time for action by the permittee for a period not exceeding 180 days if there is reasonable cause. No permit shall be extended more than once. C04.6 Suspension or revocation of permit. The code official may, in writing, suspend or revoke a permit issued under the provisions of this code whenever the penult is issued in error or on the basis of incorrect information supplied, or in violation of any ordinance or regulation or any of the provisions of this code C04.7 Administrative hold. Any administrative discrepancy including but not limited to, delinquency in payments, returned checks, failure to pay for reinspection, investigation or registration fees, and failure to keep registration, insurance or bond up -to -date, may result in a hold being placed on issuance of permits and performance of inspections of existing permits until the administrative discrepancy is corrected. For the purpose of this section, the term "up -to- date" shall mean that whenever any of these items is required by this or any other code to obtain a permit covered by this code, it shall be maintained current and in effect until the permit is finaled. C04.8 Retention of plans. One set of approved plans, specifications and computations shall be retained by the code official until final approval of the work covered therein. One set of approved construction documents shall be returned to the applicant, and said set shall be kept on the site of the building or work at all times during which the work authorized thereby is in progress C04.9 Job abandonment. If, after a permit is issued under the provisions hereof, the applicant abandons the fob, becomes incapacitated or his/her services are terminated prior to final inspection and approval thereof by the code official and before the permit has expired, the applicant or his lawful /legal representative shall immediately notify the office of the code official in writing. Upon such notification, the code official shall immediately have an inspection made 17 of the work completed to that time, and may revoke the outstanding permit and require that a new permit with the payment of fees be obtained before the work is allowed to resume SECTION C05 - FEES C05.1 General. Fees shall be assessed in accordance with the provisions of this section or shall be as set forth in the fee schedule adopted by this jurisdiction. C05.2 Permit fees. The fee for each permit shall be as set forth in Table C05.2. Any person obtaining a permit application required by this code shall, at the time of filing, pay a permit and application fee as required by this section for the installation, relocation or replacement of any of the listed items. Exceptions: 1 Where the fees for the new structures and additions to structures have been collected on a building permit, the permit fee is not required but the permit application shall be filed before work is commenced by the person doing the work. 2. Where these fees are being invoiced monthly and the account is past due; a penalty and/or interest charge as prescribed by the jurisdiction, shall be assessed. The above assessed fee and delinquent payment shall be paid before additional permits will be issued or additional inspections performed. 3 Buildings or structures owned and occupied by a Federal, State, or County entity on property owned by the Federal, State, or County entity shall be exempt from the permit fees. This exception does not apply to public school districts or county community colleges. 4 Work by non -city personnel on property under the control of the City of Fort Worth shall be exempt from the permit fees only if the work is for action under a contract approved by City Council with notes in the contract packages stating the fee is waived. 5 Work by City personnel on property under the control of the City of Fort Worth shall be exempt from the permit fees only if the application is accompanied by a copy of the work order for the project. Exemption of the permit fees under this section shall not waive the requirement to pay an investigation fee for doing work without a permit as required under Section C05.3 C05.3 Investigation fees Work without a permit. C05.3.1 Investigation. Whenever any work for which a permit is required by this code has been commenced without first obtaining said permit, a special investigation shall be made before a permit may be issued for such work. Exceptions- 1 This provision shall not apply to emergency work when it shall be proved to the satisfaction of the code official that such work was urgently necessary and that it was not practical to obtain a permit therefore before the commencement of the work. In all cases, a permit must be obtained as soon as it is practical to do so, and if there be an unreasonable delay in obtaining such permit, an investigation fee as herein provided shall be charged. 2 The investigation fee required shall be charged for work for which an inspection has been requested and no permit has been obtained. C05.3.2 Fee. An investigation fee, in addition to the permit fee, shall be collected whether or not a permit is then or subsequently issued. The investigation fee shall be equal to the amount of the permit fee required by this code The minimum investigation fee shall be the same as the application fee set forth in Table C05.2. The payment of such investigation fee sliall not exempt any person from compliance with all other provisions of this code nor from any penalty prescribed by law C05.4 Change of record. Any request for a record change, or any mistake made by an applicant that requires a record change, including but not limited to name or address changes, whether computer or paper record, must be requested in writing by the original applicant with a fee as specified in Table C05.2 Exceptions: 1 For record changes that affect the permit fee, such as adding equipment, fixtures or square footage, the code official may require a separate permit for the extra items with the appropriate fees. 2. The fee will not be required for those applicants meeting exception 5 of Section C05.2. C05.5 Fee Refunds. The code official may authorize the refunding of any fee paid hereunder which was erroneously paid or collected. Where work for which a permit has been issued does not commence, and a request is made for a cancellation of such permit within a 60- day time limit, the permit fee may be returned, upon request, minus an administration charge of five dollars ($5 00) After the 60 day time limit, no fee shall be returned. Exceptions: 1 When the investigation fee of Section C05.3 has been collected, it shall not be refunded unless paid by another party 2 No refund will be given for the application fee. 19 Table C05.2 Schedule of Fees Administrative Permit Application Fee $1000 Mechanical Board Appeal Fee 6000 Change of Record (per record or permit) 1000 Forced Air Heating- Furnaces Including Ducts and /or Vents Attached Thereto Capacity to and including 100,000 BTU input or 20 KW 3.25 Over 100,000 BTU or 20 KW and including 400,000 BTU or 40 KW 5.50 Heating Appliances Non - Ducted Air Gas Unit or Room Heater, including vent 3.25 Gas Wall Heater, including vent 3.25 Gas Floor Furnace, including vent 3.25 Gas Infra -red Heating Unit 3.25 Electric Heater, Wall, Space, Unit, etc 3.25 Energy -Using Heat Appliance Other Than Above Per 1,000 BTU Input - 005 Minimum 3.50 Per 1 KW - 017 Minimum 3.50 Each Low or High Pressure Steam or Hot Water Boiler Rated in either BTU's Input, Boiler Horsepower Output, or KW Per 1,000 BTU's Input - 005 Minimum 3.50 Per Boiler HP Output - 145 Minimum 3.50 Per KW - 017 Minimum 3.50 Each Absorber Unit, Electrical Reciprocating, Centrifugal, or Rotary Compressor, Condensing Unit, or Chiller Unit, Each on its Normal Capacity Rating Up to and including 2 tons 3.25 Over 2 and including 3 tons 5.50 Over 3 and including 5 tons 875 Over 5 and including 7 -1/2 tons 12.00 Over 7 -1/2 and including 10 tons 15.50 Over 10 and including 30 tons, per ton 140 Over 30 and including 100 tons, per ton 1 30 Over 100 and including 320 tons, per ton 1 10 Over 320 and including 520 tons, per ton 085 Over 520 tons, per ton 065 20 Each Roof -Top or Combination Unit, Including Ducts and Drains Cooling Tower, Evaporative or Air - Cooled Condenser, Tonnage Based on Local Design Conditions All size units, per ton refrigeration capacity - 0.55 Minimum 3.50 Cooling- Heating Coils D.E. or Chill Water per ton - 0.55 Minimum 3.50 Steam or Hot Water, per 1,000 BTU - 005 Minimum 3.50 Fan and Coil Units including Drains and Ducts Cool and Heat, per ton - 1 10 Heating 3.50 Cooling and Minimum Only Coolie Up to and including 3 tons $ 5.50 $1100 Over 3 and including 5 tons 875 15.50 Over 5 and including 7 -1/2 tons 12.00 20.50 Over 7 -1/2 and including 10 tons 15.50 24.50 Over 10 tons, per ton 2.25 2.75 Roof -Top Heating Only Unit per 1,000 BTU - 005 Minimum 3.50 Through- the -Wall A/C Units All Sizes, Each 4.50 Cooling Tower, Evaporative or Air - Cooled Condenser, Tonnage Based on Local Design Conditions All size units, per ton refrigeration capacity - 0.55 Minimum 3.50 Cooling- Heating Coils D.E. or Chill Water per ton - 0.55 Minimum 3.50 Steam or Hot Water, per 1,000 BTU - 005 Minimum 3.50 Fan and Coil Units including Drains and Ducts Cool and Heat, per ton - 1 10 Minimum 3.50 Cool only, per ton - 0.55 Minimum 3.50 Heating Unit only, per 1,000 BTU - 005 Minimum 3.50 Electrical Heat Strips for Units or Duct Installations Per KW - 0 17 Minimum 3.50 Mixing Box - Conditioned Air 1 10 Mixing Box - Forced Air 2.25 Duct Addition or System not included elsewhere, per outlet - 055 Minimum 3 50 21 Miscellaneous Commercial food preparation hood - Grease Type I 875 Commercial food preparation hood - Heat or Moisture Type II 6.50 Commercial hood exhaust fan - Grease 5.50 Commercial hood exhaust fan - Heat or Moisture 4.50 Commercial hood exhaust duct - Grease 5.50 Commercial hood exhaust duct - Heat or Moisture 4.50 Commercial kitchen make -up air unit 5.50 Commercial hood automatic electronic smoke extractor 17.50 Automatic fire - extinguishing equipment system 17.50 Range hood exhaust duct, for R Occupancy 1 10 Toilet exhaust fan and/or duct (per inlet) 1 10 Ventilation fan and duct system 4.50 Industrial hood 6.50 Mechanical ventilator 4.50 Flue replacement - U.L. labeled 4.50 Flue or stack for commercial and industrial appliances 5.50 Humidifier 2.25 Vented decorative appliance 4.50 Commercial clothes dryer exhaust duct 5.50 Domestic clothes dryer exhaust duct 1 10 Incinerator, per 1,000 BTU - 005 Minimum 3.50 Incinerator modification 5500 Condensate drain- French sump 3.50 Fire or smoke damper 1 10 Circulating water pump 1 10 Evaporative cooler 4.50 Automatic shutoff - products of combustion 5.50 Solar energy system 3300 Heat recovery devices per 1,000 BTU - 005 Minimum 1100 Gas Extension - Test 5.50 For each appliance or piece of equipment by this ordinance for which no other fee is listed 5.50 Other Inspections and Fees 1 Inspections outside of normal business hours (minimum of two hours) $30 00 per hour 2. Remspection fee assessed under provisions C06 6 2500 3 Inspections for which no fee is specifically indicated (minimum charge - one -half hour) $30 00 per hour 4 Additional plan review required by changes, additions or revisions to plans (minimum charge - one -half hour) $30 00 per hour 5 Inspections outside of city limits 45001 Or $30 00 per hour, whichever is greater 22 SECTION C06 - INSPECTIONS C06.1 General. All mechanical systems for which a permit is required by this code shall be inspected by the code official. No portion of any mechanical system shall be concealed until inspected and approved. Neither the code official nor the jurisdiction shall be liable for expense entailed in the removal or replacement of material required to permit inspection. The holder of the permit shall be responsible for the scheduling of such inspections. Mechanical systems regulated by this code shall not be connected to energy fuel supply until authorized by the code official. Exception: The requirements of this section shall not be considered to prohibit the operation of any equipment installed to replace existing equipment serving an occupied portion of the building in the event a request for inspection of such equipment has been filed with the code official not more than 72 hours after such replacement work is completed, and before any portion of such equipment is concealed by any permanent portion of the building. C06.1.1 Under ground inspection shall be made after trenches or ditches are excavated and bedded, piping installed, and before any backfill is put in place When excavated soil contains rocks, broken concrete, frozen chunks and other rubble that would damage or break the piping or cause corrosive action, clean backfill shall be on the fob site. C06.1.2 Rough -in inspection shall be made after the roof, framing, fire blocking, fire stopping, draft stopping and bracing are in place and all ducting and other components to be concealed are complete, and prior to the installation of wall or ceiling membranes. C06.1.3 Final inspection shall be made after the building is complete, all mechanical systems are in place and properly connected, and the structure is ready for occupancy C06.2 Other inspections. In addition to the called inspections specified above, the code official may make or require other inspections of any mechanical work to ascertain compliance with the provisions of this code and other laws which are enforced. C06.3 Testing. Mechanical systems shall be tested as required in this code. Tests shall be made by the permit holder and observed by the code official. C06.3.1 New, altered, extended or repaired systems. New mechanical systems and parts of existing systems, which have been altered, extended or repaired, shall be 23 tested as prescribed herein to disclose leaks and defects. C06.3.2 Equipment, material and labor for tests. All equipment, material and labor required for testing a mechanical system or part thereof shall be furmshed by the permit holder C06.3.3 Reinspection and testing. Where any work or installation does not pass any initial test or inspection, the necessary corrections shall be made to comply with this code. The work or installation shall then be resubmitted to the code official for inspection and testing. C06.4 Inspection requests. It shall be the duty of the person doing the work authorized by a permit to notify the code official that such work is ready for inspection. The code official may require that every request for inspection be filed at least one working day before such inspection is desired. Such request may be in writing or by telephone, at the option of the code official. The person doing the work authorized by the permit shall make sure that the work will stand tests prescribed elsewhere in this code, before giving the above notification. It shall be the duty of the person requesting inspections required by this code to provide access to and means for proper inspection of such work. When the work is within a residence where access is dependent upon the occupant being home, it shall be the duty of the person doing the work to make arrangements for inspections. Failure to make arrangements within a timely manner or the inability for the inspector to do the inspections at the arranged times will result in remspection fees being assessed to the person doing the work. Exception. If the remspection fee was for a "Final Inspection" for a residence where access is dependent upon the occupant, after the fee has been paid by the person doing the work additional arrangements for the final inspection and penalties for not receiving such inspection shall fall on the occupant. This shall not relieve the person doing the work from having to correct improper work and such accompanying penalties should the work fail remspection. C06.5 Inspection card. Work which requires an inspection card as described in the Building Code shall not be commenced until the permit holder or an agent of the permit holder shall have posted or otherwise made available an inspection record card such as to allow the code official to conveniently make the required entries thereon regarding inspection of the work. This card shall be maintained available by the permit holder until final approval has been granted by the code official. C06.6 Reinspections. A remspection fee may be assessed for each inspection or remspection when such portion of work for which inspection is called is not complete or when corrections called for are not made. 24 This section is not to be interpreted as requiring remspection fees the first time ajob is rejected for failure to comply with the requirements of this code, but as controlling the practice of calling for inspections before the fob is ready for such inspection or remspection. Remspection fees may be assessed when the inspection record card is not posted or otherwise available on the work site, the approved plans are not readily available to the inspector, for failure to provide access on the date for which inspection is requested, or for deviating from plans requiring the approval of the code official. To obtain a remspection, the applicant shall file an application therefor in writing on a form furnished for that purpose and pay the remspection fee in accordance with Table C05.2 or as set forth in the fee schedule adopted by the jurisdiction. In instances where reinspection fees have been assessed, no additional inspection of the work will be performed until the required fees have been paid. SECTION C07 - CONNECTION APPROVAL C07.1 Energy connections. No person shall make connections from a source of energy or fuel to any mechanical system or equipment regulated by this code and for which a permit is required until approved by the code official. C07.2 Temporary connections. The code official shall have the authority to authorize the temporary connection of the building or system to the utility source for the purpose of testing mechanical systems or for use under a temporary certificate of occupancy Chapter D BUSINESS REGISTRATION SECTION DO1 - REGISTRATION DO1.1 General. Any firm, business or organization conducting any work related to this code shall have on file in the Department of Development office a valid Mechanical Business Registration signed by an official of the business hereafter to be known as Registered Official. Such business shall have in its sole employ the holder of a valid Fort Worth Mechanical Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Contractor's License or a State of Texas Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Contractor's License with proper endorsements. Such Business Registration shall be renewed annually effective January 1 of each year The fees for the initial registration and the renewal shall be as specified in Table DO1 1 Exception Based upon staffing and work loads, the code official may adjust the renewal dates of existing registrations to be equally distributed 25 throughout the year as long as the fees are appropriately prorated. The holder of a Business Registration who fails to pay the annual fee due for such license within thirty (30) days of the expiration date shall also be required to pay a late fee as specified in Table DO1 1 D01.2 Restrictions of Registration. Licensees that represent the registered business shall not be simultaneously employed by, or work for more than one business for the purpose of obtaining permits under this code or for the purpose of doing or supervising work that can only be done by authority of a permit obtained under the provisions of this code. Only one licensee for each business registration will be recognized for the purpose of obtaining permits. The licensee shall keep the Department of Development notified of any change in his/her employment. D01.3 Identification. Vehicles used commercially by the Registered Business shall be properly identified with the registered business name. Where a license is required, the licensee's license number who is representing the registered business shall be added for identification. This identification shall be affixed or painted on both sides of the vehicle so as to be in full view at all times and in letters not less than two (2) inches high. D01.4 Termination of licensee. Licenses shall not be assigned or transferred, but a license of any owner, officer, partner, association or corporation with a business registration shall be sufficient to qualify such firm, partnership, association or corporation to engage in the business of mechanical heating and air conditioning contracting if a licensee is solely employed by or associated with such firm, partnership, association or corporation in a permanent, full -time capacity In the event all holders of valid licenses terminate their relationship for any reason with such registered business, the business may continue in mechanical heating and air conditioning contracting and will be held responsible for those permits obtained prior to such termination, provided, however, that such permits shall not be valid for more than ninety (90) days from the date of termination. New permits shall not be issued. Table DO1 1 Business Registration First year or portion thereof* $10000 Yearly renewal $ 5000 Late fee $ 2500 *Annual fee is due in full on the first day of January each year Fees will not be pro rated for 26 registration taken out during the year (Renewal dates may be adjusted by the code official to equally distribute the workload throughout the year ) SECTION D02 - REGISTRATION SUSPENDED, REPEALED OR REVOKED D02.1 General. A license or business registration or permit may be suspended, repealed or revoked by the code official by reason of the occurrence of one or more of the following- 1 Adjudication of insanity; 2. Fraud or misrepresentation in obtaining a license, registration or permit; 3 Violation of a provision of this ordinance, the Plumbing, Electrical or Building Codes or any other regulatory ordinances of the City applicable to the installation or alteration of appliances, equipment or systems as set forth in this code; 4 Conviction of defrauding a person for whom he has rendered or contracted to render service;,, 5 Failure to obtain a permit or the attempted assignment of a permit for others, 6 Failure to pay fees or the voluntary or involuntary filing of bankruptcy proceedings by or against the firm, partnership, association, or corporation with a business registration with the City; 7 The sending of six (6) notifications within a six (6) month period that the licensee or registered business is in violation of this code; and, 8 When a state license is suspended for any reason. A business registration suspended for failure to maintain state - required insurance may be reinstated at no fee. D02.2 Work suspension. Upon suspension or revocation of said license or business registration, same shall be null and void and no work thereafter may be performed thereunder D02.3 Board affirmation. Upon appeal to the Board, the Board may affirm, revise or modify such suspension or revocation. 27 (b) The 1996 International Mechanical Code, along with the 1997 Supplement to the International Mechanical Code, is hereby amended by revising Chapter 2 through Chapter 16 as follows SECTION 201 *Section 201.3, changed to read as follows. 201.3 Terms defined in other codes. Where terms are not defined in this code and are defined in the building, electrical, fire prevention or plumbing codes, such terms shall have meanings ascribed to them as in those codes. SECTION 202 *Section 202, the definitions of "Code Official" and "Hazardous Location" are changed and new definitions are added to read as follows. BUILDING CODE shall mean the Building Code as adopted by this jurisdiction. CODE OFFICIAL. The officer or other designated authority charged with the administration and enforcement of this code, or a duly authorized representative. For the purpose of this code, the Code Official shall be the Building Official, and his regularly authorized deputy shall be the Chief Mechanical Inspector. ELECTRICAL CODE shall mean the National Electrical Code as adopted by this jurisdiction. For the purpose of this code, all references to NFPA 70 shall be assumed to mean the electrical code as defined herein. FIRE PREVENTION CODE (FIRE CODE) shall mean the Fire Code as adopted by this 1unsdiction. HAZARDOUS LOCATION. As used in this code, any location considered to be a fire hazard for flammable vapors, dust, combustible fibers or other highly combustible substances The location is not necessarily categorized in the building code as a high- hazard use group classification. MECHANICAL CODE shall mean this code as adopted by this jurisdiction. PLUMBING CODE shall mean the Plumbing Code as adopted by this jurisdiction. SECTION 301 *Section 301.1. changed to read as follows. 301.1 Scope. This chapter shall govern the approval and installation of all equipment and appliances that comprise parts of the building mechanical systems regulated by this code iii aeeefdaiieewith Seetten 101.2. *Section 301.6. changed to read as follows. 301.6 Conflicts. Where conflicts between this code and the conditions of listing or the manufacturer's installation instructions occur, the provisions of this code shall apply unless in the opinion of the Code Official the conditions of listing or the manufacturer's installation instructions when taken as a whole provide a higher level of protection. SECTION 302 *Sections 302.2. 302.3. 302.3.1 and 302.3.1.1. delete and replace with the following. 302.2 Cutting, notching and boring holes. All cutting, notching and boring of wood framing members shall be in accordance with the Building Code. SECTION 304 *Section 304.7, changed to read ase ollows. 304.7 Clearances from grade. Equipment installed at grade level shall be supported on a level concrete slab or other approved material extending above adjoining grade a minimum of 3 inches 76 mm or it shall be suspended a minimum of 6 inches (152 mm) above adjoining grade. SECTION 306 *Section 306.3.1. changed to read as follows. 306.3 1 Electrical requirements: A lighting fixture controlled by a switch located at the required passageway opening and a receptacle outlet shall be provided at or near the equipment location in accordance with NFPA 70 Low voltage wiring of 50 Volts or less shall be installed in a manner to prevent physical damage. FM *Section 306 4.1. changed to read as follows. 306.4 1 Electrical requirements- A lighting fixture controlled by a switch located at the required passageway opening and a receptacle outlet shall be provided at or near the equipment location in accordance with NFPA 70 Low voltage wiring of 50 Volts or less shall be installed in a manner to prevent physical damage. *Section 306. S. changed to read as follows. 306.5 Equipment on roofs or elevated structures. Where equipment and appliances requiring access are installed on roofs or elevated structures at a height exceeding 16 feet (4877 mm), such access shall be provided by a permanent approved means of access_, the „°t„i:+ ef whieh sha4l be kem Permanent exterior ladders providing roof access need not extend closer than 8 feet (2438 mm) to the finish grade or floor level below and shall extend to the equipment's level service space. Such access shall {bulk of section to read the same} on roofs having a slope greater than 4 units vertical in 12 units horizontal (33- percent slope) A receptacle outlet shall be provided at or near the equipment location in accordance with the Electrical Code. Low voltage winng_of 50 Volts or less shall be installed in a manner to prevent physical damage. *Section 306.6. add a second paragraph to read as follows. A receptacle outlet shall be provided at or near the equipment location in accordance with the Electrical Code. Low voltage wiring of 50 Volts or less shall be installed in a manner to prevent physical damage. *Section 306 61 added to read as follows. 306.6.1 Catwalk. On roofs having slopes greater than 4 in 12, a catwalk at least 16 inches in width with substantial cleats spaced not more than 16 inches gVart shall be provided from the roof access to the working platform at the appliance. 30 SECTION 307 *Section 307.2.2. add a second paragraph to read ase follows. Condensate waste pipes from air - cooling coils may be sized in accordance with equipment capacity as follows. Equipment Capacity in tons of refrigeration Up to 20 tons Over 20 to 40 tons Over 40 to 90 tons Over 90 to 125 tons Over 125 to 250 tons Minimum Condensate Pipe Inside Diameter 3/4 inch 1 inch 1 1/4 inch 1 %2 inch 2 inch The size of condensate waste pipes may be for one unit or a combination of units or as recommended by the manufacturer. The capacity of waste pipes assumes a 1/8- inch -per- foot slope, with the pipe running three-quarters hree_ quarters full. CHAPTER 4 *Any section or table not reprinted herein, shall be assumed to be deleted Chal2ter 4 is changed to only read as-f ollows. CHAPTER 4 VENTILATION SECTION 401 - GENERAL 401.1 Scope. This chapter shall govern the ventilation of spaces within a building intended to be occupied. This chapter does not govern the requirements for smoke control systems. Should an y conflict occur between this chapter and the Building Code the Building Code shall take precedence. 401.2 Ventilation required. Every occupied space shall be ventilated by natural means + t aeeefdaiiee with Seeti .n 402 or by mechanical means in accordance with the Buildiniz Code Seetien 403 401.3 When required. Ventilation shall be provided during the periods that the room or space is occupied. 4014 Vestibule ventilation. Vestibule ventilation for smokeproof enclosures shall be in 31 accordance with the building code 4017 Opening location. Outside air exhaust and intake openings shall be located a minimum of 10 feet (3048 mm) from lot lines or buildings on the same lot. Where openings front on a street or public way, the distance shall be measured to the centerline of the street or public way Exception: Use Group R -3 401.7.1 Intake openings. Mechanical and gravity outside air intake openings shall be located a minimum of 10 feet (3 048 mm) from any hazardous or noxious containment, such as vents, chimneys, plumbing vents, streets, alleys, parking lots and loading docks, except as otherwise specified in this code. Where a source of contaminant is located within 10 feet (3048 mm) of an intake opening, such opening shall be located a minimum of -2 3 feet (6+9 915 mm) below the contaminant source. 401.7.2 Exhaust openings. Outside exhaust openings shall be located so as not to create a nuisance. Exhaust air shall not be directed onto walkways. For Type I and II hood exhaust outlets see Sections 506.17 and 506.18. 401.8 Outside opening protection. Air exhaust and intake openings that terminate outdoors shall be protected with corrosion - resistant screens, louvers or grilles having a minimum opening size of 1/4 inch (6 4 mm) and a maximum opening size of %z inch (12.7 mm), in any dimension. Openings shall be protected against local weather conditions Outdoor air exhaust and intake openings located in exterior walls shall meet the provisions for exterior wall opening protectives in accordance with the building code. 401.9 Contaminant sources. Stationary local sources producing air -borne particulates, heat, odors, fumes, spray, vapors, smoke or gases in such quantities as to be irritating or injurious to health shall be provided with an exhaust system in accordance with Chapter 5 or a means of collection and removal of the contaminants. Exhaust required by this section shall discharge directly to an approved location at the exterior of the building. SECTION 403 - MECHANICAL VENTILATION 403 1 Ventilation system. Mechanical ventilation shall be provided by a method of supply air and return or exhaust air The amount of supply air shall be approximately equal to the amount of return and exhaust air The system shall not be prohibited from producing a negative or positive pressure. The system to convey the ventilation air shall be designed and installed in accordance with Chapter 6 Ventilation supply systems shall be designed to deliver the required rate of supply air to the zone within the occupied space between 3 inches (76 mm) and 72 inches (1829 mm) above the floor and more than 2 feet (610 mm) from the enclosing walls. 403.2.1 Recirculation of air The amount of outside air required by the Building Code Seetten 32 403.3 shall not be recirculated. Air in excess of the outside air tit required by the Buildm Code Seette 403.3 shall not be prohibited from being recirculated as a component of supply air to building spaces, except that: 1 Ventilation air shall not be recirculated from one dwelling to another or to dissimilar occupancies. 2 Supply air to a swimming pool and associated deck areas shall not be recirculated unless such air is dehumidified to maintain the relative humidity of the area at 60 percent or less and such recirculation is in accordance with Section 4019 Air from this area shall not be recirculated to other spaces. SECTION 501 *Section 501, add a second paragraph to read ase ollows Where differences occur between the provisions of this chapter and the building or fire codes the provisions of the building or fire codes shall apply. SECTION 502 *Section 502.4. changed to read as follows 502.4 Spray - painting and dipping rooms. Rooms or booths utilized for spray painting or dipping shall have a mechanical exhaust system that complies with the fire prevention code and '3 Building Code ' fef spfay paiiiting er- NFPA 34 fef dippiag. The exhaust system shall have automatic controls t ensure its operation while spray painting or dipping is being conducted. *Section 502.7. changed to read as follows 502.7 LP -gas distribution facilities. LP -gas distribution facilities shall be ventilated in accordance with '`1z�, D�a the applicable provisions of the Fire Code Building Code and this code *Section 502.10. changed to read as follows 502.10 Public garages. Mechanical exhaust systems for public garages, shall operate in accordance with Seette 403.5 the Buildmiz Code. *Section 502.12, changed to read as- follows. 33 502.12 Tire rebuilding or recapping. Each room where rubber cement is used or mixed, or where flammable or combustible solvents are applied, shall be ventilated in accordance with the applicable provisions of'`'�T the Fire Code, Building Code and this code. *Section 502.13, changed to read as follows. 502.13 Specific rooms. Specific rooms, including bathrooms, locker rooms, smoking lounges and toilet rooms, shall be exhausted in accordance with the ventilation requirements of Chapter -4 the Building Code and this code. SECTION 504 *Section 504.6, changed to read as follows. 504.6 Domestic clothes dryer ducts. Ducts shall have a smooth interior finish with joints running in the direction of the airflow The maximum length shall not exceed 25 feet (7620 mm) from the dryer location to the outlet terminal with not more than two bends. When extra bends are installed, the maximum length of the duct shall be reduced 2 %z feet (762 mm) for each 45- degree (0 79 rad) bend and 5 feet (1524 mm) for each 90- degree (1 6 rad) bend that occur after the first two, measuring in the direction of airflow The exhaust duct shall be a minimum nominal size of 4 inches (102 mm) in diameter The size of duct shall not be reduced along its developed length nor at the point of termination. The entire exhaust system shall be supported and secured in place. Flexible duct connectors used in connection with domestic dryer exhausts shall be metallrE; not more than 6 feet (1829 mm) in length and an approved type. Flexible duct connectors shall not be concealed within construction. SECTION 505 *Section 505. 1, add an exeggion to read as follows. Exception. Ducts for domestic kitchen downdraft grill -range ventilation installed under a concrete slab floor may be of approved Scheduled 40 PVC provided. 1. The under -floor trench in which the duct is installed shall be completely backfilled with sand or gravel. 2. Not more than 1 inch (25.4 mm) of 6 inch diameter (152 mm) PVC coupling may protrude above the concrete floor surface. 3. PVC pipe joints shall be solvent cemented to provided an air- and rease- tight duct. 34 4 The duct shall terminate above grade outside the building and shall be equipped with a backdraft damper. SECTION 506 *Section 506 12, changed to read as follows. 506.12 Duct enclosure. A grease duct serving a Type I hood that penetrates a ceiling, wall or floor shall be enclosed (bulk of paragraph unchanged) through the use of weather - protected openings. The enclosure shall be separated from the duct by a minimum of 6 3 inches (4-54 76 mm) and a maximum of 12 inches (305 mm) and shall serve a single grease exhaust duct system. Exception- The shaft enclosure provisions of Section 506 12 shall not be required where a duct penetration is protected with a through - penetration protection system tested in accordance with ^ STNI EQ 1 ^ the Building Code having an "F" and "T" rating equal {remainder of section to remain unchanged} construction or product. SECTION 508 *Section 508.1. changed to read as follows. 508.1 Makeup air. Makeup air shall be supplied during the operation of the kitchen exhaust system. The exhaust and makeup air systems shall be connected by an electrical interlocking switch to insure that makeup air is provided whenever the exhaust system is in operation. The amount of makeup air supplied shall be approximately equal to the amount of exhaust air The makeup air shall not reduce the effectiveness of the exhaust system. Makeup air shall be provided by gravity or mechanical means or both. Compensating, hoods shall extract at least 20 percent of their required exhaust airflow from the kitchen area. Exception: This section shall not apply to dwelling units. SECTION 509 *Section 509.1, change the exception to read as follows. Exception: Steam kettles, steam tables and equipment that as used does not create grease -laden vapors are not required to be protected by an automatic fire - extinguishing system. *Section 509.2, changed to read ase follows. 509.2 Type of system. The automatic fire suppression system shall be of a type recognized for protection of commercial cooking (bulk of paragraph unchanged) operations. The system shall be installed in accordance with this code, its listing and the manufacturer's installation instructions. Other Autema4ie fire suppression systems shall be of an approved design and shall be one of the following types shall be - - l -' in _ _ _ _ _.a - - with the fefefeiieed staff ail 1 Carbon - dioxide extinguishing system,'-T-PA-42 2. Automatic sprinkler system,'`' z,= D - 4 3 Foam -water sprinkler system or foam -water spray systems, N: PA 16 4 Dry - chemical extinguishing systems,'`' -�.FPA 17 5 Wet - chemical extinguishing systems,'` FPA 17A. SECTION 510 *Section 510.1 changed to read as follows. 510.1 General. This section shall govern the design and construction of duct systems for hazardous exhaust and shall determine (bulk of paragraph unchanged) posing a health hazard, such as toxic or corrosive materials. For the purposes of this section, the health - hazard rating of materials shall be as specified in NFPA 704 or other approved standards. *Section 510.6 changed to read as follows. 510.6 Penetrations. Penetrations of structural elements by a hazardous exhaust system shall conform to Sections 510 6 1 through 510 6 4 510.6.1 Floors. Hazardous exhaust systems that penetrate a floor /ceiling assembly shall be enclosed in a fire - resistance -rated shaft constructed in accordance with the building code. 510.6.2 Wall assemblies. Hazardous exhaust duct systems that penetrate fire - resistance -rated wall assemblies shall be enclosed in fire - resistance -rated construction from the point of penetration to the outlet terminal, pt -..h e fe the tnt of of the met is egtfippea '• :th aR approved autefaeAie fire suppr-essian system. Ducts shall be enclosed in accordance with the building code requirements for shaft construction and such enclosure shall have a minimum fire - resistance- rating of not less than the highest fire - resistance -rated wall assembly penetrated. 510.6.3 Fire walls. Ducts shall not penetrate a any area separation fire wall or any- four hour rated occupancy separation fire wall as defined in the Building Code. 510.6.4 Fire dampers. Fire dampers are not wed permitted at penetrations of fire - resistance -rated assemblies. An approved automatic fire suppression system shall be installed in 36 the duct at the point of penetration of the assembly as noted in Section 510.7 *Section 510.7, changed to read as follows. 510.7 Suppression required. Ducts shall be protected with an approved automatic fire suppression system, installed in accordance with the building code, at the entrance point of the duct and at the penetration point of fire- rated - assemblies as noted in Section 510.6.4. Exception. An approved automatic fire suppression system shall not be required in ducts conveying materials, fumes, mists and vapors that are nonflammable and noncombustible. *Section 510.8.3. changed to read as follows. 510.8.3 Explosion relief. Systems exhausting potentially explosive mixtures shall be protected with an approved explosion relief system or by an approved explosion prevention system desigiied and installed in aeeer-danee with .1,WP An explosion relief system shall be designed to minimize the structural and mechanical damage resulting from an explosion or deflagration within the exhaust system. An explosion prevention system shall be designed to prevent an explosion or deflagration from occurring. SECTION 601 *Section 601.1. delete the exception. SECTION 603 *Section 603.17. changed to read as oolows. 603.17 Location. Ducts shall not be installed in or within 6 4 inches (4-5-2 101 mm) of the earth, except where such ducts comply with Section 603 12. SECTION 604 *Section 604.1. changed added to read as follows. 604.1 General. Duct insulation shall conform to the requirements of Sections 604.2 through 604 11 and Table No. 604.1. Should there be any conflicts between this section and the energy code, when adopted, the energy code shall take precedent. 37 TABLE NO 604 1 *Table No. 604.1 added to read ase follows. Table 604.1 - Insulation of Ducts Note: Where ducts are used for both heating and cooling, the minimum insulation shall be as required for the most restrictive condition. 'Heating Degree Days. Zone I below 4,500 D.D Zone 11 4,501 to 8,000 D.D Zone III over 8,000 D.D z Vapor retarders shall be installed on supply ducts in spaces vented to the outside in geographic areas where the summer dew point temperature based on the 2 '/z percent column of dry-bulb and mean coincident wet -bulb temperature exceeds 60° F (15 4° C) ' Insulation may be omitted on that portion of a duct which is located within a wall- or a floor - ceiling space where: '' Both sides of the space are exposed to conditioned air 1.2 The space is not ventilated. The space is not used as a return plenum. 3 4 The space is not exposed to unconditioned air Ceilings which form plenums need not be insulated. INSULATION TYPES4 A -- A material with an installed conductance of 0 48 [2.72 W /(m•K)] or the equivalent thermal resistance of 2.1 [0.367 (m•K)/W] Example of materials capable of meeting the above requirements. 1 -inch (25 mm), 0 60 lb. /cu.ft. (9 6 kg /m') mineral fiber, rock, slag or glass blankets. 38 Insulation Types Insulation Types Duct Location Mechanically Cooled Heating Zone' Heating Only I A and W On roof on exterior of building C, V' and W II B and W III C and W I A Attics, garages and crawl spaces A and V' II A III B I A In walls', within floor - ceiling spaces' A and V' II A III B Within the conditioned space or in None required None required basements; return ducts in air plenums Cement slab or within ground None required None required Note: Where ducts are used for both heating and cooling, the minimum insulation shall be as required for the most restrictive condition. 'Heating Degree Days. Zone I below 4,500 D.D Zone 11 4,501 to 8,000 D.D Zone III over 8,000 D.D z Vapor retarders shall be installed on supply ducts in spaces vented to the outside in geographic areas where the summer dew point temperature based on the 2 '/z percent column of dry-bulb and mean coincident wet -bulb temperature exceeds 60° F (15 4° C) ' Insulation may be omitted on that portion of a duct which is located within a wall- or a floor - ceiling space where: '' Both sides of the space are exposed to conditioned air 1.2 The space is not ventilated. The space is not used as a return plenum. 3 4 The space is not exposed to unconditioned air Ceilings which form plenums need not be insulated. INSULATION TYPES4 A -- A material with an installed conductance of 0 48 [2.72 W /(m•K)] or the equivalent thermal resistance of 2.1 [0.367 (m•K)/W] Example of materials capable of meeting the above requirements. 1 -inch (25 mm), 0 60 lb. /cu.ft. (9 6 kg /m') mineral fiber, rock, slag or glass blankets. 38 '/Z -inch (13 mm), 1.5 to 3 lb. /cu.ft. (24 to 48 kg /m3) mineral fiber blanket duct liner '' /a. -inch (13 mm), 3 to 10 lb. /cu.ft. (48 to 160 kg /m') mineral fiber board. B -- A material with an installed conductance of 0.24 [1.36 W /(m -K)] or the equivalent thermal resistance of 4.2 [0 735 (m•K)/W] Example of materials capable of meeting the above requirements. 2 -inch (51 mm), 0 60 lb. /cu.ft. (9 6 kg /m3) mineral fiber blankets. 1 -inch (25 mm), 1.5 to 3 lb. /cu.ft. (24 to 48 kg /m') mineral fiber blanket duct liner 1 -inch (25 mm), 3 to 10 lb. /cu.ft. (48 to 160 kg /m3) mineral fiberboard. C -- A material with an installed conductance of 0 16 [0.9 W /(m -K)] or the equivalent thermal resistance of 6.3 [1 1 (m -K)/W] Example of materials capable of meeting the above requirements: 3 -inch (76 mm), 0 601b. /cu.ft. (9 6 kg /m') mineral fiber blankets. 1 'h-inch (38 mm), 1.5 to 3 lb. /cu.ft. (24 to 48 kg /m3) mineral fiber blanket duct liner 1 '/2 -inch (38 mm), 3 to 10 lb. /cu.ft. (48 to 160 kg /m3) mineral fiber board. V - -Vapor Retarders. Material with a perm rating not exceeding 0.5 perm'[29 ng/Pa-s -mZ] All joints to be sealed. W - Approved weatherproof barrier ° The example of materials listed under each type is not meant to limit other available thickness and density combinations with the equivalent installed conductance or resistance based on the insulation only *Section 604.11 is deleted. SECTION 606 *Section 606.3. changed to read as follows. 606.3 Installation. Smoke detectors required by this section shall be installed in accordance with TWPA 72 the manufacturer's installation instructions and as required by the code official. The required smoke detectors shall be installed to monitor the entire airflow conveyed by the system including return air and exhaust or relief air Access shall be provided to smoke detectors for inspection and maintenance. SECTION 607 *Section 607.2. changed to read as-follows. 607.2 Smoke dampers. Smoke dampers shall be installed where required by the building code, shall be listed and labeled, shall (bulk of paragraph unchanged) or a single - station, spot - type detector installed at the point of penetration and listed for releasing service. Sfeke deteet,,.,.. shall be in aeeef ^iie° with r PA '". Smoke dampers shall also close whenever the fan serving the duct system is shut off. SECTION 805 *Section 805.4. 1, add a sentence to read as follows. The ventilating system shall be installed in a manner that will avoid penetrating any fire rated assemblies which would require a damper as required by the Building Code. SECTION 909 *Section 909 changed to read as follows. VENTED AND UNVENTED GAS -FIRED DECORATIVE APPLIANCES 909.1 Vented Appliances General. Vented gas -fired decorative appliances shall be listed and labeled and shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions. Such appliances shall be tested in accordance with ANSI Z21 50 and shall be designed and equipped as specified in Section 907.2 909.2 Unvented Appliances Unvented gas -fired decorative appliances shall be listed and labeled and shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions. Such appliances shall be equipped with an oxygen-depletion-sensitive safety shutoff system as described in Section 926.5. This appliance shall not be installed in a bedroom or bathroom. SECTION 920 *Sections 920.1 and 920.2, changed to read as follows. 920.1 General. The installation of gas - fueled and liquid- fueled stationary internal combustion engines and gas turbines, including fuel storage and piping, shall meet the requirements of 1,WFA -3q this code the Building Code and the Fire Code. 920.2 Powered equipment. Permanently installed equipment powered by internal combustion engines and turbines shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions and in accordance with "'�T this code the Building Code and the Fire Code. SECTION 926 *Section 926.2, changed to read as follows. 926.2.1 Prohibited use. An unvented room heater shall not be used as the sole source of 40 MM comfort heating in a dwelling unit. Exception. Existing_ approved unvented heaters may continue to be used in dwelhniz units, in accordance with the code provisions in effect when installed when approved by the Code Official unless an unsafe condition is determined to exist as described in Section A04.5. 926.2.2 Unvented room heaters shall not be installed in bathrooms or bedrooms Exceptions. 1. Where approved by the code official, one listed wall- mounted unvented room heater equipped with an oxygen depletion safety shutoff system shall be permitted to be installed in a bathroom provided that the input rating shall not exceed 6000 Btu per hour (1760 W/hr) and combustion and ventilation air is provided as specified in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions. 2. Where approved by the Code Official, one listed wall- mounted unvented room heater equipped with an oxygen depletion safety shutoff system shall be permitted to be installed in a bedroom provided that the m ut rating shall not exceed 10,000 Btu per hour 2930 W/hrl and combustion and ventilation air is provided in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions SECTION 928 *Section 928.1. changed to read ase ollows. 928.1 General. Kerosene and oil -fired stoves shall be listed and labeled and shall be installed in accordance with the conditions of the listing and the manufacturer's installation instructions. Kerosene and oil -fired stoves shall comply with'' Der this code, the Fire Code and the Building Code. Oil -fired stoves shall be tested in accordance with UL 896 SECTION 1204 *Section 1204.1 and 1204.2. changed to read as follows 1204 1 Insulation characteristics. Pipe insulation installed in buildings shall conform to the requirements of the energy code, when adopted, shall be tested in accordance with ASTM E 84 and shall have a maximum flame spread rating of 25 and a smoke - developed rating not exceeding 450 Insulation installed in an air plenum shall comply with Section 602.2 1 Exception: This section shall not apply to one- and two - family dwellings. 1204.2 Required thickness. Hydromc piping shall be insulated to the thickness required by the energy code, when adopted. 41 SECTION 1304 *Sections 1304.18 and 1304.18.1 changed to read as follows. 1304 18 Testing of piping. Before any system of gas piping is finally put in service, it shall be tested to ensure that it is gas tight. Where any part of the system is to be enclosed or concealed, this test shall precede the work of closing in. To test for tightness, the piping shall be filled with air or inert gas, but not with any other gas or liquid. Testing, piping systeffis shall eemply with TWPA 54. The gas piping shall stand a pressure of not less than ten (10)12ounds per square inch (68.9 kPa) gauge pressure, or at the discretion of the code official, the piping and valves may be tested at a pressure of at least six (6 ) inches 152 mm) of mercury, measured with a manometer or slope gauge. Test pressures shall be held for a length of time satisfactory to the code official but in no case for less than fifteen (15) minutes with no perceptible drop in pressure For welded pipmg, and for piping carrymg_ ag s at pressures in excess of fourteen (14) inches water column rep ssure (3.48 kPa), the test pressure shall not be less than sixty (60) pounds per square inch (413.4 kPa,� and shall be continued for a length of time satisfactory to the code official, but in no case for less than thirty (30) minutes. 1304 18.1 Test instruments. Test pressure shall be measured with an approved instrument. All necessary apparatus for conducting tests shall be furnished by the permit holder. SECTION 1401 *Section 1401.1 add a second paragraph to read as follows. Should there be any conflict between this chapter and the Plumbing Code the Plumbing Code shall take precedence. *Section 1401.2 is changed to read as- follows. 1401.2 Storage systems. Fuel oil storage and piping systems shall be installed in accordance with the requirements of this code, and the fire prevention code ffid NFP 3 *Sections 1401.2.1. 1401.2.2 and 1401.2.3 are deleted. 42 CHAPTER 15 *Any section or table not reprinted herein shall be assumed to be deleted Chapter 15 is changed to only read ase follows. SECTION 1501 - GENERAL 1501.1 Scope. This chapter shall govern the construction, installation, alteration and repair of systems and equipment intended to utilize solar energy for space heating or cooling, domestic hot water heating, swimming pool heating or process heating. 1501.2 Potable water supply. Potable water systems shall be protected against contamination in accordance with the plumbing code. 1501.3 Heat exchangers. Heat exchangers used in domestic water - heating systems shall be approved for the intended use. The system shall have adequate protection to ensure that the potability of the water supply and distribution system is properly safeguarded. 1501.5 Ducts. Ducts utilized in solar heating and cooling systems shall be constructed and installed in accordance with Chapter 6 of this code. CHAPTER 16 *NFPA 70 -96 is changed to read as follows 70-96 National Electrical Code as adopted by this jurisdiction 3017, 602.2.1, 9117, 1106 8, 1106.9 43 SECTION 3 That Section 7 -168 of the Code of the City of Fort Worth (1986), as amended, is hereby amended to read as follows Sec. 7 -168 Effect of Conflict with Other Ordinances. This chapter shall be cumulative of all provisions of ordinances and of the Code of the City of Fort Worth, Texas (1986), as amended, except where the provisions of this chapter are in direct conflict with the provisions of such ordinances and such Code, in which event conflicting provisions of such ordinances and such Code are hereby repealed. SECTION 4 That Section 7 -169 of the Code of the City of Fort Worth (1986), as amended, is hereby added to read as follows Sec. 7 -169 Any person, firm or corporation violating any of the provisions of this ordinance shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and upon conviction thereof shall be punishable by a fine not to exceed Two Thousand Dollars ($2,000 00) for all violations involving fire safety, or public health and sanitation and shall be fined not more than Five Hundred Dollars ($500 00) for all other violations of this ordinance. Each day or any portion thereof during which any violation of this ordinance occurs or continues shall be deemed a separate offense and upon conviction thereof shall be punishable as herein provided. SECTION 5 It is hereby declared to be the intention of the City Council that the sections, paragraphs, sentences, clauses and phrases of this ordinance are severable, and if any phrase, clause, sentence, paragraph or section of this ordinance shall be declared void, ineffective or unconstitutional by the valid judgment or decree of any court of competent jurisdiction, such voidness, ineffectiveness or unconstitutionality shall not affect any of the remaining phrases, clauses, sentences, paragraphs and sections of this ordinance, since the same would have been enacted by the City Council without the incorporation in this ordinance of any such void, ineffective or unconstitutional phrase, clause, sentence, paragraph or section. SECTION 6 All rights and remedies of the City of Fort Worth, Texas are expressly saved as to any and all violations of the provisions of the existing Mechanical Code, or any other ordinances affecting mechanical systems which have accrued at the time of the effective date of this ordinance; and, as to such accrued violations and all pending litigation, both civil and criminal, whether pending in court or not, under such ordinances, same shall not be affected by this ordinance but may be prosecuted until final disposition by the courts. i, SECTION 7 The Department of Development of the City of Fort Worth, Texas, is hereby authorized to publish this ordinance in pamphlet form for general distribution among the public, and the operative provisions of this ordinance as so published shall be admissible in evidence in all courts without further proof than the production thereof, as provided in Chapter XXV, Section 3, of the Charter of the City of Fort Worth, Texas. SECTION 8 A copy of the 1996 International Mechanical Code, along with a copy of the 1997 Supplement to the International Mechanical Code, and together with the local amendments contained in this ordinance, shall be filed in the office of the City Secretary for permanent record and inspection. SECTION 9 The City Secretary of the City of Fort Worth, Texas is hereby directed to publish the caption and Sections 1, 4, 8, 9 and 10 of this ordinance for two (2) days in the official newspaper of the City of Fort Worth, Texas, as authorized by Section 2, Chapter XXV of the Charter of the City of Fort Worth, Texas and by Section 52 013 (a) of the Texas Local Government Code. SECTION 10 This ordinance shall be in full force and effect thirty (30) days after its passage and publication as required by law, and it is so ordained. APPROVED AS TO FORM AND LEGALITY Mq � k C�" pj� 0") City Attorney ADOPTED EFFECTIVE 45 ,krnational echanical ode 1996 uimm nONAL CODE COUNCIL ��erce o. v umom i o r COOQ � � "M - -t i a i ri, elv, �* � �'�; Second Printing Publication Date: November 1,19% COPYRIGHT © 1996 by INTERNATIONAL CODE COUNCIL, INC. and BUILDING OFFICIALS AND CODE ADMINISTRATORS INTERNATIONAL, INC. 4051 West Flossmoor Road Country Club Hills, Illinois 60478 -5795 (708) 799 -2300 and INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF BUILDING OFFICIALS 5360 Workman Mill Road Whittier, California 90601 -2298 (310) 699 -0541 and SOUTHERN BUILDING CODE CONGRESS INTERNATIONAL, INC. 900 Montclair Road Birmingham, Alabama 35213 -1206 (205) 591 -1853 PRINTED IN THE U.S.A. PREFACE Introduction Internationally, code officials recognize the need for a modern, up-to -date mechanical code addressing the design and installation of mechanical systems through requirements emphasizing performance. The International Mechanical Code, in this first edition, is designed to meet these needs through model code regulations that safeguard the public health and safety in all communities, large and small. This comprehensive mechanical code establishes minimum regulations for mechanical systems using prescriptive and perform- ance- related provisions. It is founded on broad -based principles that make possible the use of new materials and new mechanical designs. Additionally, the International Mechanical Code is designed to be compatible with the BOCA National Codes published by Building Officials and Code Administrators International (BOCA), the Standard Codes published by the Southern Building Code Congress International (SBCCI) and the Uniform Codes published by the International Conference of Building Officials (ICBO). The International Mechanical Code provides many benefits, among which is the model code development process that offers an international forum for mechanical professionals to discuss performance and prescriptive code requirements. This forum provides an excellent arena to debate proposed revisions. This model code also encourages international consistency in the application of provisions. Development The first draft of the International Mechanical Code was prepared in 1995 by a development committee appointed by and consisting of representatives of BOCA, ICBO and SBCCI. The intent was to draft a comprehensive set of regulations for mechanical systems consistent with and inclusive of the scope and content of the existing model mechanical codes which incorporates the common mechanical code format established by the Council of American Building Officials. This format establishes the title, scope and sequence of the chapters and does not involve the order or content of the provisions within the chapter. Technical content of the latest mechanical codes promulgated by BOCA, ICBO and SBCCI was utilized as the basis for the development of this document. While there were a great many similarities among the three codes, careful consideration was given to identified differences. The development committee followed certain principles as guidance in the resolution of technical differences. The principles were based on the intent to establish provisions consistent with the scope of a mechanical code that adequately protects public health, safety and welfare; provisions that do not unnecessarily increase construction costs, provisions that do not restrict the use of new materials, products or methods of construction; and provisions that do not give preferential treatment to particular types or classes of materials, products or methods of construction. Public Hearing In order to gain views of mechanical code users, industries and all other interested parties, a public hearing was conducted and comments on the full content of the first draft were accepted. The Hearing Committee was also appointed by and consisted of representatives of BOCA, ICBO and SBCCI. The Hearing Committee determined the content of the second draft by considering all views and comments presented at the hearing and those submitted in advance by persons unable to attend the hearing. At three additional hearings, the Hearing Committee determined the content of the final draft by considering all submittals and testimony presented at or prior to those hearings. In addition to the changes made at the hearings, other editorial changes have been made for consistency and correlation purposes. Acceptance The final draft of this code was accepted by the BOCA membership at its annual conference, and the International Mechanical Code is supported and maintained jointly by BOCA, ICBO and SBCCI for use with each organization's family of codes. Adoption The International Mechanical Code is available for adoption and use by jurisdictions internationally Its use within a governmental jurisdiction is intended to be accomplished through adoption by reference in accordance with proceedings establishing the jurisdiction's laws. At the time of adoption, jurisdictions should insert the appropriate information in provisions requiring specific local information, such as the name of the adopting jurisdiction. These locations are shown in bracketed words in small capital letters in the code and in the sample adoption ordinance. The sample adoption ordinance on page v addresses several key elements of a code adoption ordinance, including the information required for insertion into the code text. 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE III Maintenance The International Mechanical Code is kept up to date through the review of proposed changes submitted by code enforcement officials, industry representatives, design professionals and other interested parties. Proposed changes are carefully considered through an open code development process in which all interested and affected parties may participate. For more information regarding the code development process, contact: BOCA, 4051 West Flossmoor Road, Country Club Hills, Illinois 60478 -5795, ICBO, 5360 Workman Mill Road, Whittier, California 90601 -2298, or SBCCI, 900 Montclair Road, Birmingham, Alabama 35213 -1206. While the development procedure of the International Mechanical Code assures the highest degree of care, BOCA, ICBO, SBCCI,.their members and those participating in the development of this code do not accept any liability resulting from compliance or noncompliance with the provisions given herein, for any restrictions imposed on materials or processes, or for the completeness of the text. BOCA, ICBO and SBCCI do not have power or authority to police or enforce compliance with the contents of this code. Only the governmental body that enacts the code into law has such authority IV 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE SAMPLE ORDINANCE FOR ADOPTION OF THE INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE ORDINANCE NO. An ordinance of the [JURISDICTION] adopting the 1996 edition of the International Mechanical Code, regulating and controlling the design, construction, quality of materials, erection, installation, alteration, repair, location, relocation, replacement, addition to, use or maintenance of mechanical systems in the [JURISDICTION] , providing for the issuance of permits and collection of fees therefore; repealing Ordinance No. of the [ JURISDICTON] and all other ordinances and parts of the ordinances in conflict therewith. The [GOVERNING BODY] of the (JURISDICTION) does ordain as follows. Section 1. That certain documents, three (3) copies of which are on file in the office of the [JURISDICTION'S KEEPER OF RECORDS] and the [JURISDICTION] , being marked and designated as the International Mechanical Code, including Appendix Chapters [fill in the applicable Appendix Chapters. (See International Mechanical Code Section 101.2.1, 1996 edition)], as published by the International Code Council, be and is hereby adopted as the code of the [JURISDICTION] for regulating the design, construction, quality of materials, erection, installation, alteration, repair, location, relocation, replacement, addition to, use or maintenance of mechanical systems in the [JURISDICTION1 and providing for the issuance of permits and collection of fees therefore, and each and all of the regulations, provisions, conditions and terms of such International Mechanical Code, 1996 edition, published by the International Code Council, on file in the office of the [JURISDICTION] are hereby referred to, adopted and made a part hereof as if fully set out in this ordinance. Section 2. The following sections are hereby revised: Section 101 1 Insert: [NAME OF JURISDICTION] Section 106.5.2. Insert: [APPROPRIATE SCHEDULE] Section 106.5.3 Insert: [PERCENTAGES IN TWO LOCATIONS] Section 108 4 Insert: [OFFENSE, DOLLAR AMOUNT, NUMBER OF DAYS] Section 108.5 Insert: [DOLLAR AMOUNT IN TWO LOCATIONS] Chapter 16, Codes. Insert: [NAMES OF CODES IN TWO LOCATIONS] Section 3. That Ordinance No Of [JURISDICTION] entitled (fill in here the complete title of the present mechanical ordinance or ordinances in effect at the present time so that they will be repealed by definite mention) and all other ordinances or parts of ordinances in conflict herewith ar'e hereby repealed. Section 4. That if any section, subsection, sentence, clause or phrase of this ordinance is, for any reason, held to be unconstitutional, such decision shall not affect the validity of the remaining portions of this ordinance. The [GOVERNING BODY] hereby declares that it would have passed this ordinance, and each section, subsection, clause or phrase thereof, irrespective of the fact that any one or more sections, subsections, sentences, clauses and phrases be declared unconstitutional. Section 5. That the [JURISDICTION'S KEEPER OF RECORDS] is hereby ordered and directed to cause this ordinance to be published. (An additional provision may be required to direct the number of times the ordinance is to be published and to specify that it is to be in a newspaper in general circulation. Posting may also be required.) Section 6. That this ordinance and the rules, regulations, provisions, requirements, orders and matters established and adopted hereby shall take effect and be in full force and effect [TIME PERIOD] from and after the date of its final passage and adoption. 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE V EDITORWL CHANGES — SECOND PRINTING pg. 13, Section 202, FLUE LINER (LINING): fourth line now reads combustion products and conveying combustion products with - pg. 32, Section 504.2: title now reads Exhaust penetrations. pg. 32, Section 504 4 title now reads Exhaust installation. pg. 33, Section 504.6: first line now reads Exhaust ducts for domestic clothes dryers shall have a. pg. 39, Section 511.2: sixth line of Criterion I now reads which are in the direction of the exhaust discharge; and 10. pg. 39; Section 511.2: fourth line of Criterion 2 now reads and 10 feet (3048 mm) above adjoining grade. pg. 39, Section 511.2: second line of Criterion 3 now reads property line; and 3 feet (914 mm) from opening into the. pg. 39, Section 512.1 second line now reads vided, the duct shall conform to the requirements of this section. pg. 39, Section 512.2: first line now reads Subslab exhaust system duct material. pg. 39, Section 512.2: seventh line now reads of copper drainage tube, Type DWV; plastic piping. pg. 39, Section 512.3. first line now reads Exhaust system ducts shall not be trapped. pg. 39, Section 512.4 first line now reads Subslab soil exhaust system ducts pg. 39, Section 512.5 first line now reads Subslab soil exhaust ducts shall be. pg. 44, Section 606.2.3: section now reads Where return air risers serve two or more stories and are part of a return air system having a design capacity greater than 15,000 cfm (7.1 m3 /s), smoke detectors shall be installed at each story. Such smoke detectors shall be located upstream of the connection between the return air riser and any air ducts or plenums. pg. 84, Section 1006.7.6: Exception 2 now reads 2. A purging operation is not required to have a minimum of four complete air changes for boilers having an atmospheric gas burner with no mechanical means of creating air movement, provided the secondary air openings are not capable of being closed or are equipped with.a closing mechanism which is designed to open and hold open the secondary openings for a period of not less than 4 minutes prior to burner ignition. 3. The purging operation for boilers having an oil burner is not required to have a minimum of four complete air changes, provided the burner obtains a minimum of two- thirds the required combustion air without mechanical means of creating air movement, and provided the secondary air openings are not capable of being closed or are equipped with a closing mechanism which is designed to open and hold open the secondary openings for a period of not less than 4 minutes prior to burner ignition. pg. 88, Table 1104 1 sixth line of Footnote a now reads Group B2, B3 One hundred percent of IDLH or 20 percent of LFL, whichever is lower. pg. 98, Section 1209.3.2. third line now reads of not less than 1000 °F (538 °C.). vl 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE Section 909 Vented Gas -Fired Decorative CHAPTER 12 HYDRONIC PIPING ............. 95 Appliances 76 Section 1201 General 95 Section 910 Incinerators and Crematories 76 Section 1202 Material 95 Section 911 Cooling Towers, Evaporative Section 1203 Joints and Connections 95 Condensers and Fluid Coolers 76 - Section 1204 Pipe Insulation 96 Section 912 Vented Wall Furnaces 76 Section 1205 Valves 97 Section 913 Floor Furnaces 76 Section 1206 Piping Installation 97 Section 914 Duct Furnaces. 77 Section 1207 Transfer Fluid 97 Section 915 Direct -Fired Air - Heating Equipment 77 Section 1208 Tests 97 Section 916 Infrared Radiant Heaters 77 Section 1209 Embedded Piping 97 Section 917 Clothes Dryers 77 Section 918 Illuminating Appliances 78 CHAPTER 13 FUEL -GAS PIPING .............. 99 Section 919 Sauna Heaters 78 Section 1301 General 99 Section 920 Engine and Gas Turbine- Powered Section 1302 Pipe Sizing 99 Equipment 78 Section 1303 Piping Materials 107 Section 921 Pool and Spa Heaters 78 Section 1304 Piping System'Installation 109 Section 922 Cooking Appliances 78 Section 1305 Gas Shutoff Valves. 110 Section 923 Forced -Air Warm -Air Furnaces 79 Section 1306 Two -PSI and Higher Gas Piping. 111 Section 924 Conversion Burners 79 Section 1307 Gas Flow Controls 112 Section 925 Unit Heaters 79 Section 1308 Installation Requirements for Undiluted Liquefied Petroleum Gases (Butane 'Section 926 Unvented Room Heaters 80 and Propane) 112 Section 927 Vented Room Heaters 80 Section 1309 Appliance Connections 114 CHAPTER 10 BOILERS, WATER HEATERS Section 1310 CNG Gas- Dispensing Systems 115 AND PRESSURE VESSELS ... 81 Section 1311 Supplemental and Standby Gas Section 1001 General 81 Supply 115 Section 1002 Water Heaters 81 CHAPTER 14 FUEL OIL PIPING AND Section 1003 Pressure Vessels 81 STORAGE ....... .... . .... .. 117 Section 1004 Boilers 81 Section 1401 General 117 Section 1005 Boiler Connections 82 Section 1402 Material 117 Section 1006 Safety and Pressure Relief Valves Section 1403 Joints and Connections 118 and Controls 82 Section 1404 Piping Support 118 Section 1007 Boiler Low -Water Cutoff 84 Section 1405 Fuel Oil System Installation 118 Section 1008 Steam Blowoff Valve 84 Section 1406 Oil Gauging 119 'Section 1009 Hot Water Boiler Expansion Tank 84 Section 1407 Fuel Oil Valves 119 Section 1010 Gauges 85 CHAPTER 15 SOLAR SYSTEMS . ............121 Section 1011 Tests 85 Section 1501 General 121 CHAPTER 11 REFRIGERATION. ... .87 Section 1502 Installation 121 Section 1101 General 87 Section 1503 Heat Transfer Fluids 121 Section 1102 System Requirements 87 Section 1504 Materials 122 Section 1103 Refrigeration System Classification 87 CHAPTER 16 REFERENCED STANDARDS ..123 Section 1104 Refrigerant Classification and System Requirements 87 APPENDIX A COMBUSTION AIR OPENINGS Section 1105 Machinery Room, General AND CHIMNEY CONNECTOR Requirements 89 PASS- THROUGHS .. .........129 Section 1106 Machinery Room, Special APPENDIX B RECOMMENDED PERMIT FEE Requirements 92 SCHEDULE ...133 Section 1107 Refrigerant Piping 92 Section 1108 Field Test 93 INDEX ................... ................ ....135 VIII 1996 INTERNA?tONAL MECHANICAL CODE 0 TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 ADMINISTRATION 1 Section 101 General 1 Section 102 Applicability 1 Section 103 Department of Mechanical Inspection 1 Section 104 Duties and Powers of the Code GENERAL REGULATIONS Official 2 Section 105 Approval 2 Section 106 Permits 3 Section 107 Inspections and Testing 4 Section 108 Violations 5 Section 109 Means of Appeal 6 CHAPTER 2 DEFINITIONS 9 Section 201 General 9 Section 202 General Definitions 9 CHAPTER 3 GENERAL REGULATIONS 21 Section 301 General 21 Section 302 Protection of Structure 22 Section 303 Equipment and Appliance Location 22 Section 304 Installation 22 Section 305 Piping Support 23 Section 306 Access and Service Space 24 Section 307 Condensate Disposal 24 Section 308 Clearance Reduction 25 CHAPTER 4 VENTILATION 27 Section 401 General 27 Section 402 Natural Ventilation 27 Section 403 Mechanical Ventilation 27 Section 404 Ventilation of Uninhabited Spaces 30 CHAPTER 5 EXHAUST SYSTEMS 31 Section.501 General 31 Section 502 Required Systems 31 Section 503 Motors and Fans. 32 Section 504 Clothes Dryer Exhaust. 32 Section 505 Domestic Kitchen Exhaust 44 Section 606 Equipment 33 Section 506 Commercial Kitchen Grease Ducts 44 Section 907 and Exhaust Equipment 33 Section 507 Commercial Kitchen Hoods 34 Section 508 Makeup Air 36 Section 509 Fire Suppression Systems 36 Section 510 Hazardous Exhaust Systems 37 Section 511 Dust, Stock and Refuse Conveyor 49 Systems 38 Section 512 Subslab Soil Exhaust Systems 39 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE CHAPTER 6 DUCT SYSTEMS 41 Section 601 General 41 Section 602 Plenums 41 Section 603 Duct Construction and Installation 42 Section 604 Insulation 43 Section 605 Air Filters 44 Section 606 Systems Control 44 Section 607 Fire and Smoke Dampers 44 CHAPTER 7 COMBUSTION AIR 47 Section 701 General 47 Section 702 Inside Air 47 Section 703 Outdoor Air (Condition 1) 47 Section 704 Outdoor Air (Condition 2) 48 Section 705 Combined Use of Inside and 70 Section 805 Outdoor Air (Condition 1) 48 Section 706 Combined Use of Inside and 75 Section 907 Outdoor Air (Condition 2) 48 Section 707 Forced Combustion Air Supply 49 Section 708 Direct Connection 49 Section 709 Combustion Air Ducts 49 Section 710 Opening Obstructions 49 Section 711 Opening Location and Protection 49 CHAPTER 8 CHIMNEYS AND VENTS 51 Section 801 General 51 Section 802 Vents 52 Section 803 Sizing of Category 1 Appliance 75 " Venting Systems 53 Section 804 Connectors 70 Section 805 Direct Vent, Integral Vent, Mechanical 75 Section 906 Vent and Ventilation /Exhaust Hood 75 Section 907 Venting 72 Section 806 Factory-Built Chimneys 73 CHAPTER 9 SPECIFIC APPLIANCES, vll FIREPLACES AND SOLID FUEL - BURNING EQUIPMENT .. 75 Section 901 General 75 Section 902 Masonry Fireplaces 75 Section 903 Factory-Built Fireplaces 75 Section 904 Pellet Fuel - Burning Appliances 75 Section 905 Fireplace Stoves and Room Heaters 75 Section 906 Factory-Built Barbecue Appliances 75 Section 907 Decorative Gas -Fired Appliances For Installation in Vented Fireplaces. 75 Section 908 Gas -Fired Log Lighters 75 vll CHAPTER 1 ADMINISTRATION SECTION 101 GENERAL 101.1 Title. These regulations shall be known as the Mechani- cal Code of [NAME OF JURISDICTION], hereinafter referred to as "this code." 101.2 Scope. This code shall regulate the design, installation, maintenance, alteration and inspection of mechanical systems that are permanently installed and utilized to provide control of environmental conditions and related processes within build- ings. This code shall also regulate those mechanical systems, system components, equipment and appliances specifically addressed in this code. 101.2.1 Appendices. Provisions in the appendices shall not apply unless specifically adopted. 101.3 Intent. The purpose of this code is to provide minimum standards to safeguard life or limb, health, property and public welfare by regulating and controlling the design, construction, installation, quality of materials, location, operation and main- tenance or use of mechanical systems. 101.4 Severability. If a section, subsection, sentence, clause or phrase of this code is, for any reason, held to be unconstitu- tional, such decision shall not affect the validity of the remain- ing portions of this code. SECTION 102 APPLICABILITY 102.1 General. The provisions of this code shall apply to all matters affecting or relating to structures and premises, as set forth in Section 101 Where, in a specific case, different sections of this code specify different materials, methods of construction or other requirements, the most restrictive shall govern. 102.2 Existing installations. Except as otherwise provided for in this chapter, a provision in this code shall not require the removal, alteration or abandonment of, nor prevent the contin- ued utilization and maintenance of, an existing mechanical system lawfully in existence at the time of the adoption of this code. 102.3 Maintenance. Mechanical systems, both existing and new, and parts thereof shall be maintained in proper operating condition in accordance with the original design and in a safe and sanitary condition. Devices or safeguards which are re- quired by this code shall be maintained in compliance with the code edition under which installed. The owner or the owner's designated agent shall be responsible for maintenance of me- chanical systems. To determine compliance with this provision, the code official shall have the authority to require a mechanical system to be reinspected. 102.4 Additions, alterations or repairs. Additions, altera- tions, renovations or repairs to a mechanical system shall conform to that required for a new mechanical system without 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE requiring the existing mechanical system to comply with all of the requirements of this code. Additions, alterations or repairs shall not cause an existing mechanical system to become un- safe, hazardous or overloaded. Minor additions, alterations, renovations and repairs to ex- isting mechanical systems shall meet the .provisions for new construction, unless such work is done in the same manner and arrangement as was in the existing system, is not hazardous and is approved. 102.5 Change in occupancy. It shall be unlawful to make a change in the occupancy of any structure which will subject the structure to any special provision of this code applicable to the new occupancy without approval. The code official shall certify that such structure meets the intent of the provisions of lave governing building construction for the proposed new occu- pancy and that such change of occupancy does not result in any hazard to the public health, safety or welfare. 102.6 Historic buildings. The provisions of this code relating to the construction, alteration, repair, enlargement, restoration, relocation or moving of buildings or structures shall not be mandatory for existing buildings or structures identified and classified by the state or local jurisdiction as "historic buildings when such buildings or structures are judged by the code official to be safe and in the public interest of health, safety and welfare regarding any proposed construction, alteration, repair, enlargement, restoration, relocation or moving of buildings. 102.7 Moved buildings. Except as determined by Section 102.2, mechanical systems that are a part of buildings or structures moved into or within the jurisdiction shall comply with the provisions of this code for new installations. 102.8 Referenced codes and standards. The codes and stand- ards referenced in this code shall be those that are listed in Chapter 16 and considered part of the requirements of this code to the prescribed extent of each such reference. Where differ- ences occur between provisions of this code and the referenced standards, the provisions of this code shall apply 102.9 Requirements not covered by code. Requirements nec- essary for the strength, stability or proper operation of an existing or proposed mechanical system, or for the public safety, health and general welfare, not specifically covered by this code, shall be determined by the code official. SECTION 103 DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL INSPECTION 103.1 General. The department of mechanical inspection is hereby created and the executive official in charge thereof shall be known as the code official. 103.2 Appointment. The code official shall be appointed by the chief appointing authority of the jurisdiction, and the code official shall not be removed from office except for cause and 103.3 —105.2 after full opportunity to be heard on specific and relevant charges by and before the appointing authority 103.3 Deputies. In accordance with the prescribed procedures of this jurisdiction and with the concurrence of the appointing authority, the code official shall have the authority to appoint a deputy code official, other related technical officers, inspectors and other employees. 103.4 Liability. The code official, officer or employee charged with the enforcement of this code, while acting for the jurisdic- tion, shall not thereby be rendered liable personally, and is hereby relieved from all personal liability for any damage accruing to persons or property as a result of an act required or permitted in the discharge of official duties. Any suit instituted against any officer or employee because of an act performed by that officer or employee in the lawful discharge of duties and under the provisions of this code shall be defended by the legal representative of the jurisdiction until the final termination of the proceedings. The code official or any subordinate shall not be liable for costs in an action, suit or proceeding that is instituted in pursuance of the provisions of this code; and any officer of the department of mechanical inspection, acting in good faith and without malice, shall be free from liability for acts performed under any of its provisions or by reason of any act or omission in the performance of official duties in connection therewith. SECTION 104 DUTIES AND POWERS OF THE CODE OFFICIAL 104.1 General. The code official shall enforce the provisions of this code and shall act on any question relative to the installation, alteration, repair, maintenance or operation of me- chanical systems, except as otherwise specifically provided for by statutory requirements or as provided for in Sections 104.2 through 104.8. 104.2 Rule - making authority. The code official shall have authority as necessary in the interest of public health, safety and general welfare, to adopt and promulgate rules and regulations; to interpret and implement the provisions of this code; to secure the intent thereof; and to designate requirements applicable because of local climatic or other conditions. Such rules shall not have the effect of waiving structural or fire performance requirements specifically provided for in this code, or of vio- lating accepted engineering methods involving public safety 104.3 Applications and permits. The code official shall re- ceive applications and issue permits for the installation and alteration of mechanical systems, inspect the premises for which such permits have been issued and enforce compliance with the provisions of this code. 104.4 Inspections. The code official shall make all of the required inspections, or shall accept reports of inspection by approved agencies or individuals. All reports of such inspec- tions shall be in writing and be certified by a responsible officer of such approved agency or by the responsible individual. The code official is authorized to engage such expert opinion as deemed necessary to report upon unusual technical issues that arise, subject to the approval of the appointing authority 104.5 Right of entry. Whenever it is necessary to make an inspection to enforce the provisions of this code, or whenever the code official has reasonable cause to believe that there exists in a building or upon any premises any conditions or violations of this code which make the building or premises unsafe, insanitary, dangerous or hazardous, the code official shall have, the authority to enter the building or premises at all reasonable times to inspect or to perform the duties imposed upon the code official by this code. If such building or premises is occupied, the code official shall present credentials to the occupant and request entry If such building or premises is unoccupied, the code official shall first make a reasonable effort to locate the owner or other person having charge or control of the building or premises and request entry If entry is refused, the code official has recourse to every remedy provided by law to secure entry When the code official has first obtained a proper inspection warrant or other remedy provided by law to secure entry, an owner or occupant or person having charge, care or control of the building or premises shall not fail or neglect, after proper request is made as herein provided, to promptly permit entry therein by the code official for the purpose of inspection and examination pursuant to this code. 104.6 Identification. The code official shall carry proper iden- tification when inspecting structures or premises in the per- formance of duties under this code. 104.7 Notices and orders. The code official shall issue all necessary notices or orders to ensure compliance with this code. 104.8 Department records. The code official shall keep offi- cial records of applications received, permits and certificates issued, fees collected, reports of inspections, and notices and orders issued. Such records shall be retained in the official records as long as the building or structure to which such records relate remains in existence, unless otherwise provided for by other regulations. SECTION 105 APPROVAL 105.1 Modifications. Whenever there are practical difficulties involved in carrying out the provisions of this code, the code official shall have the authority to grant modifications for individual cases, provided the code official shall first find that special individual reason makes the strict letter of this code impractical and the modification is in compliance with the intent and purpose of this code and that such modification does not lessen health, life and fire safety requirements. The details of action granting modifications shall be recorded and entered in the files of the mechanical inspection department. 105.2 Alternative materials, methods and equipment. The provisions of this code are not intended to prevent the installa- tion of any material or to prohibit any method of construction not specifically prescribed by this code, provided that any such alternative has been approved. An alternative material or method of construction shall be approved where the code official finds that the proposed design is satisfactory and com- plies with the intent of the provisions of this code, and that the material, method or work offered is, for the purpose intended, 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE at least the equivalent of that prescribed in this code in quality, strength, effectiveness, fire resistance, durability and safety 105.3 Required testing. Whenever there is insufficient evi- dence of compliance with the provisions of this code, or evi- dence that a material or method does not conform to the requirements of this code, or in order to substantiate claims for alternative materials or methods, the code official shall have the authority to require tests as evidence of compliance to be made at no expense to the jurisdiction. 105.3.1 Test methods. Test methods shall be as specified in this code or by other recognized test standards. In the ab- sence of recognized and accepted test methods, the code official shall approve the testing procedures. 105.3.2 Testing agency. All tests shall be performed by an approved agency 105.3.3 Test reports. Reports of tests shall be retained by the code official for the period required for retention of public records. 105.4 Material and equipment reuse. Materials, equipment and devices shall not be reused unless such elements have been reconditioned, tested and placed in good and proper working condition and approved. SECTION 106 PERMITS 106.1 When required. An owner, authorized agent or contrac- tor who desires to erect, install, enlarge, alter, repair, remove, convert or replace a mechanical system, the installation of which is regulated by this code, or to cause such work to be done, shall fast make application to the code official and obtain the required permit for the work. Exception. Where equipment replacements and repairs must be performed in an emergency situation, the permit application shall be submitted within the next working busi- ness day of the department of mechanical inspection. 106.2 Permits not required. Permits shall not be required for the following: 1 Any portable heating appliance; 2. Any portable ventilation equipment; 3 Any portable cooling unit; 4 Any steam, hot water or chilled water piping within any heating or cooling equipment regulated by this code; 5 Replacement of any minor part that does not alter ap- proval of equipment or make such equipment unsafe; 6. Any portable evaporative cooler; and 7 Any self - contained refrigeration system containing 10 pounds (4.5 kg) or less of refrigerant, or actuated by motors of 1 horsepower (0 75 kW) or less. Exemption from the.permit requirements of this code shall not be deemed to grant authorization for work to be done in violation of the provisions of this code or other laws or ordi- nances of this jurisdiction. 106.3 Application for permit. Each application for a permit, with the required fee, shall be filed with the code official on a 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 105.3 - 106.4.2 form furnished for that purpose and shall contain a general description of the proposed work and its location. The applica- tion shall be signed by the owner or an authorized agent. The permit application shall indicate the proposed occupancy of all parts of the building and of that portion of the site or lot, if any, not covered by the building or structure and shall contain such other information required by the code official. 106.3.1 Construction documents. Construction docu- ments, engineering calculations, diagrams and other data shall be submitted in two or more sets with each application for a permit. The code official shall require construction documents, computations and specifications to be prepared and designed by a registered design professional when re- quired by state law Construction documents shall be drawn to scale and shall be of sufficient clarity to indicate the location, nature and extent of the work proposed and show in detail that the work conforms to the provisions of this code. Construction documents for buildings more than two stories in :height shall indicate where penetrations will be made for mechanical systems and shall indicate the materi- als and methods for maintaining required structural safety, fire - resistance rating and fireblocking. Exception. The code official shall have the authority to waive the submission of construction documents, calcu- lations or other data if the nature of the work applied for is such that reviewing of construction documents is not necessary to determine compliance with this code. 106.4 Permit issuance. The application, construction docu- ments and other data filed by an applicant for a permit shall be reviewed by the code official. If the code official finds that the proposed work conforms to the requirements of this code and all laws and ordinances applicable thereto, and that the fees specified in Section 106.5 have been paid, a permit shall be issued to the applicant. 106.4.1 Approved construction documents. When the code official issues the permit where construction docu- ments are required, the construction documents shall be endorsed in writing and stamped "APPROVED " Such ap- proved construction documents shall not be changed, modi- fied or altered without authorization from the code official. Work shall be done in accordance with the approved con- struction documents. The code official shall have the authority to issue a permit for the construction of a part of a mechanical system before the entire construction documents for the whole system have been submitted or approved, provided adequate information and detailed statements have been filed complying with all pertinent requirements of this code. The holder of such permit shall proceed at their own risk without assurance that the permit for the entire mechanical system will be granted. 106.4.2 Validity. The issuance of a permit or approval of construction documents shall not be construed to be a permit for, or an approval of, any violation of any of the provisions of this code or of other ordinances of the jurisdiction. A permit presuming to give authority to violate or cancel the provisions of this code shall be invalid. The issuance of a permit based upon construction docu- ments and other data shall not prevent the code official from 106.4.3 - 1071.2 -thereafter requiring the correction of errors in said construc- tion documents and other data or from preventing building operations from being carried on thereunder when in viola- tion of this code or of other ordinances of this jurisdiction. 106.4.3 Expiration. Every permit issued by the code official under the provisions of this code shall expire by limitation and become null and void if the work authorized by such permit is not commenced within 180 days from the date of such permit, or if the work authorized by such permit is suspended or abandoned at any time after the work is com- menced for a period of 180 days. Before such work recom- mences, a new permit shall be first obtained and the fee, therefore, shall be one -half the amount required for a new permit for such work, provided no changes have been made or will be made in the original construction documents for such work, and provided further that such suspension or abandonment has not exceeded one year. 106.4.4 Extensions. A permittee holding an unexpired per- mit shall have the right to apply for an extension of the time within which the permittee will commence work under that permit when work is unable to be commenced within the time required by this section for good and satisfactory reasons. The code official shall extend the time for action by the permittee for a period not exceeding 180 days if there is reasonable cause. A permit shall not be extended more than once. The fee for an extension shall be one -half the amount required for a new permit for such work. 106.4.5 Suspension or revocation of permit. The code official shall revoke a permit or approval issued under the provisions of this code in case of any false statement or misrepresentation of fact in the application or on the con- struction documents upon which the permit or approval was based. 106.4.6 Retention of construction documents. One set of construction documents shall be retained by the code official until •final approval of the work covered therein. One set of approved construction documents shall be returned to the applicant, and said set shall be kept on the site ofthe building or work at all .times during which the work authorized thereby is in progress. 106.5 Fees. A permit shall not be issued until the fees prescribed in Section 106.5.2 have been paid, nor shall an amendment to a permit be released until the additional fee, if any, due to an increase of the mechanical system, has been paid. 106.5.1 Work commencing before permit issuance. Any person who commences work on a mechanical system be- fore obtaining the necessary permits shall be subject to 100 percent of the usual permit fee in addition to the required permit fees. 106.5.2 Fee schedule. The fees for mechanical work shall be as indicated in the following schedule. [JURISDICTION TO INSERT APPROPRIATE SCHEDULE] 106.5.3 Fee refunds. The code official shall authorize the refunding of fees as follows. 1 The full amount of any fee paid hereunder which was erroneously paid or collected. 2. Not more than [SPECIFY PERCENTAGE) percent of the permit fee paid when no work has been done under a permit issued in accordance with this code. 3 Not more than [SPECIFY PERCENTAGE] percent ofthe plan review fee paid when an application for a permit for which a plan review fee has been paid is withdrawn or canceled before any plan review effort has been ex- pended. The code official shall not authorize the refunding of any fee paid, except upon written application filed by the original permittee not later than 180 days after the date of fee payment. SECTION 107 INSPECTIONS AND TESTING 107.1 Required inspections and testing. The code official, upon notification from the permit holder or the permit holder's agent, shall make the following inspections and other such inspections as necessary, and shall either release that portion of the construction or shall notify the permit holder or the permit holder's agent of violations that must be corrected. The holder of the permit shall be responsible for the. scheduling of such inspections. I Underground inspection shall be made after trenches or ditches are excavated and bedded, piping installed, and before backfill is put in place. When excavated soil contains rocks, broken concrete, frozen chunks and other rubble that would damage or break the piping or cause corrosive action, clean backfill shall be on the job site. 2. Rough -in inspection .shall be made after the roof, fram- ing, fireblocking and bracing are in place and all ducting and other components to be concealed are complete, and prior to the installation of wall or ceiling membranes. 3 Final inspection shall be made upon completion of the mechanical system. The requirements of this section shall not be considered to prohibit the operation of any heating equipment installed to replace existing heating equipment serving an occupied portion of a structure in the event a request for inspection of such heating equipment has been filed with the department not more than 48 hours after replacement work is completed, and before any portion of such equipment is concealed by any permanent portion of the structure. 107.1.1 Approved inspection agencies. The code official shall accept reports ofapproved agencies, provided that such agencies satisfy the requirements as to qualifications and reliability 107.1.2 Evaluation and follow -up inspection services. Prior to the approval of a prefabricated construction assem= bly having concealed mechanical work and the issuance of a mechanical permit, the code official shall require the submittal of an evaluation report on each prefabricated construction assembly, indicating the complete details ofthe mechanical system, including a description of the system and its components, the basis upon which the system is being evaluated, test results and similar information, and other data as necessary for the code official to determine conform- ance to this code. 4 4 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 0 107.1.2.1 Evaluation service. The code official shall designate the evaluation service of an approved agency as the evaluation agency, and review such agency's evaluation report for adequacy and conformance to this code. 107.1.2.2 Follow -up inspection. Except where ready access is provided to mechanical systems, service equip- ment and accessories for complete inspection at the site without disassembly or dismantling, the code official shall conduct the in -plant inspections as frequently as necessary to ensure conformance to the approved evalu- ation report or shall designate an independent, approved inspection agency to conduct such inspections. The in- spection agency shall furnish the code official with the follow -up inspection manual and a report of inspections upon request, and the mechanical system shall have an identifying label permanently affixed to the system indi- cating that factory inspections have been performed. 1073.2.3 Test and inspection records. Required test and inspection records shall be available to the code official at all times during the fabrication of the mechani- cal system and the erection of the building; or such records as the code official designates shall be filed. 107.2 Testing. Mechanical systems shall be tested as required in this code and in accordance with Sections 107.2.1 through 107.2.3 Tests shall be made by the permit holder and observed by the code official. 107.2.1 New, altered, extended or repaired systems. New mechanical systems and parts of existing systems, which have been altered, extended or repaired, shall be tested as prescribed herein to disclose leaks and defects. 107.2.2 Equipment, material and labor for tests. Equip- ment, material and labor required for testing a mechanical system or part thereof shall be furnished by the permit holder. 107.2.3 Reinspection and testing. Where any work or installation does not pass an initial test or inspection, the necessary corrections shall be made so as to achieve com- pliance with this code. The work or installation shall then be resubmitted to the code official for inspection and testing. 107.3 Contractor's responsibilities. It shall be the responsi- bility of every contractor who enters into contracts for the installation or repair of mechanical systems for which a permit is required to comply with adopted state and local rules and regulations concerning licensing. 107.4 Coordination of inspections. Whenever in the enforce- ment of this code or another code or ordinance, the responsibil- ity ofmore than one code official ofthe jurisdiction is involved, it shall be the duty of the code officials involved to coordinate their inspections and administrative orders as fully as practica- ble so that the owners and occupants of the structure shall not be subjected to visits by numerous inspectors or multiple or conflicting orders. Whenever an inspector from any agency or department observes an apparent or actual violation of some provision of some law, ordinance or code not within the inspec- tor's authority to enforce, the inspector shall report the findings to the code official having jurisdiction. 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 107 1.2.1 -108.5 107.5 Approval. After the prescribed tests and inspections indicate that the work complies in all respects with this code, a notice of approval shall be issued by the code official. 107.6 Temporary connection. The code official shall have the authority to authorize the temporary connection of a mechani- cal system to the sources of energy for the purpose of testing mechanical systems or for use under a temporary certificate of occupancy SECTION 108 VIOLATIONS 108.1 Unlawful acts. It shall be unlawful for a person, firm or corporation to erect, construct, alter, repair, remove, demolish or utilize a mechanical system, or cause same to be done, in conflict with or in violation of any ofthe provisions ofthis code. 108.2 Notice of violation. The code official shall serve a notice of violation or order to the person responsible for the erection, installation, alteration, extension, repair, removal or demolition of mechanical work in violation of the provisions of this code, or in violation of a detail statement or the approved construction documents thereunder, or in violation of a permit or certificate issued under the provisions of this code. Such order shall direct the discontinuance of the illegal action or condition and the abatement of the violation. 108.3 Prosecution of violation. If the notice of violation is not complied with promptly, the code official shall request the legal counsel of the jurisdiction to institute the appropriate proceed- ing at law or in equity to restrain, correct or abate such violation, or to require the removal or termination of the unlawful occu- pancy of the structure in violation of the provisions of this code or of the order or direction made pursuant thereto. 108.4 Violation penalties. Persons who shall violate a provi- sion of this code or shall fail to comply with any of the requirements thereof or who shall erect, install, alter or repair mechanical work in violation of the approved construction documents or directive of the code official, or of a permit or certificate issued under the provisions of this code, shall be guilty of a [SPECIFY OFFENSE], punishable by a fine of not more than [AMOUNT] dollars or by imprisonment not exceeding [NUMBER OF DAYS], or both such fine and imprisonment. Each day that a violation continues after due notice has been served shall be deemed a separate offense. 108.5 Stop work orders. Upon notice from the code official that mechanical work is being done contrary to the provisions of this code or in a dangerous or unsafe manner, such work shall immediately cease. Such notice shall be in writing and shall be given to the owner of the property, or to the owner's agent, or to the person doing the work. The notice shall state the condi- tions under which work is authorized to resume. Where an emergency exists, the code official shall not be required to give a written notice prior to stopping the work. Any person who shall continue any work on the system after having been served with a stop work order, except such work as that person is directed to perform to remove a violation or unsafe condition, shall be liable to a fine of not less than [AMOUNT] dollars or more than [AMOUNT] dollars. 108.6 — 109.2.6 108.6 Abatement of violation. The imposition of the penalties herein .prescribed shall not preclude the legal officer of the Jurisdiction from instituting appropriate action to prevent un- lawful construction or to restrain, correct or abate a violation, or to prevent illegal occupancy of a building, structure or premises, or to stop an illegal act, conduct, business or utiliza- tion of the mechanical system on or about any premises. 108.7 Unsafe mechanical systems. A mechanical system that is unsafe, constitutes a fire or health hazard, or is otherwise dangerous to human life, as regulated by this code, is hereby declared as an unsafe mechanical system. Use of a mechanical system regulated by this code constituting a hazard to health, safety or welfare by reason of inadequate maintenance, dilapi- dation, fire hazard, disaster, damage or abandonment is hereby declared an unsafe use. Such unsafe equipment is hereby de- clared to be a public nuisance and shall be abated by repair, rehabilitation, demolition or removal. 108.7.1 Authority to condemn mechanical systems. Whenever the code official determines that any mechanical system, or portion thereof, regulated by this code has be- come hazardous to life, health, property, or has become insanitary, the code official shall order in writing that such system either be removed or restored to a safe condition. A time limit for compliance with such order shall be specified in the written notice. A person shall not use or maintain a defective mechanical system after receiving such notice. When such mechanical system is to be disconnected, written notice as prescribed in Section 108.2 shall be given. In cases of immediate danger to life or property, such dis- connection shall be made immediately without such notice. 108.7.2 Authority to order disconnection of energy sources. The code official shall have the authority to order disconnection of energy sources supplied to a building, structure or mechanical system regulated by this code, when it is determined that the mechanical system or any portion thereof has become hazardous or unsafe. Written notice of .such order to disconnect service and the causes therefor shall be given within 24 hours to the owner and occupant of such building, structure or premises, provided, however, that in cases of immediate danger to life or property, such discon- nection shall be made immediately without such notice. Where energy sources are provided by a public utility, the code official shall immediately notify the serving utility in writing of the issuance of such order to disconnect. 108.7.3 Connection after order to disconnect. A person shall not make energy source connections to mechanical systems regulated by this code which have been discon- nected or ordered to be disconnected by the code official, or the use of which has been ordered to be discontinued by the code official until the code official authorizes the reconnec- tion and use of such mechanical systems. When a mechanical system is maintained in violation of this code, and in violation of a notice issued pursuant to the provisions of this-section,-the code official shall institute appropriate action to prevent, restrain, correct or abate the violation. SECTION 109 MEANS OF APPEAL 109.1 Application for appeal. A person shall have the right to appeal a decision of the code official to the board of appeals. An application for appeal shall be based on a claim that the true intent of this code or the rules legally adopted -thereunder have been incorrectly interpreted, the provisions of this code do not fully apply, or an equally good or better form of -construction is proposed. The application shall be filed on a form obtained from the code official within 20 days after the notice was served. 109.2 Membership of board. The board of appeals shall consist of five members appointed by the chief appointing authority as follows: one for five years, one for four years, one for three years; one for two years, and one for one year. Thereafter, each new member shall serve for five years or until a successor has been appointed. 109.2.1 Qualifications. The board of appeals shall consist of five individuals, one from each of the following profes- sions or disciplines. 1 Registered design professional who is a registered architect; or a builder or superintendent of building construction with at least ten years' experience, five of which shall have been in responsible charge of work. 2. Registered design professional with structural engi- neering or architectural experience. 3 Registered design professional with mechanical and plumbing engineering experience; or a mechanical contractor with at least ten years' experience, five of which shall have:been in responsible charge of work. 4 Registered design professional with electrical engi- neering experience; or an electrical contractor with at least ten years' experience, five of which shall have been in responsible charge of work. 5 Registered design professional with fire protection engineering experience; or a fie protection contractor with at least ten years' experience, five of which shall have been in responsible charge of work. 109.2.2 Alternate members. The chief appointing authority shall appoint two alternate members who shall be called by the board chairman to hear.appeals, during the absence or disqualification of a member. Alternate members shall pos- sess the qualifications required for board membership and shall be appointed for five years, or until a successor has been appointed. 109.2.3 Chairman. The board shall annually select one of its members to serve as chairman. 109.2.4 Disqualification of member. A member shall not hear an appeal in which that member has a personal, profes- sional or financial interest. 109.2.5 Secretary. The chief administrative officer shall designate a qualified clerk to serve as secretary to the board. The secretary shall file a detailed record of all proceedings in the office of the chief administrative officer. 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 109.2.6 -109.7 109.2.6 Compensation of members. Compensation of members shall be determined by law. 109.3 Notice of meeting. The board shall meet upon notice from the chairman, within ten days of the filing of an appeal, or at stated periodic meetings. 109.4 Open hearing. All hearings before the board shall be open to the public. The appellant, the appellant's representative, the code official and any person whose interests are affected shall be given an opportunity to be heard. 109.4.1 Procedure. The board shall adopt and make avail- able to the public through the secretary procedures under which a hearing will be conducted. The procedures shall not require compliance with strict rules of evidence, but shall mandate that only relevant information be received. 109.5 Postponed hearing. When five members are not present to hear an appeal, either the appellant or the appellant's repre- sentative shall have the right to request a postponement of the hearing. 109.6 Board decision. The board shall modify or reverse the decision of the code official by a concurring vote of three members. 109.6.1 Resolution. The decision of the board shall be by resolution. Certified copies shall be furnished to the appel- lant and to the code official. 109.6.2 Administration. The code official shall take imme- diate action in accordance with the decision of the board. 109.7 Court review. Any person, whether or not a previous party of the appeal, shall have the right to apply to the appro- priate court for a writ of certiorari to correct errors of law Application for review shall be made in the manner and time required by law following the filing of the decision in the office of the chief administrative officer. 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE CHAPTER 2 DEFINITIONS SECTION 201 GENERAL 201.1 Scope. Unless otherwise expressly stated, the following words and terms shall, for the purposes of this code, have the meanings indicated in this chapter. 201.2 Interchangeability. Words used in the present tense include the future; words in the masculine gender include the feminine and neuter; the singular number includes the plural and the plural, the singular. 201.3 Terms defined in other codes. Where terms are not defined in this code and are defined in the building, fire preven- tion or plumbing codes, such terms shall have meanings as- cribed to them as in those codes. 201.4 Terms not defined. Where terms are not defined through the methods authorized by this section, such terms shall have ordinarily accepted meanings such as the context implies. SECTION 202 GENERAL DEFINITIONS ABRASIVE MATERIALS. Moderately abrasive particulate in high concentrations, and highly abrasive particulate in mod- erate and high concentrations, such as alumina, bauxite, iron silicate, sand and slag. ACCESS (TO). That which enables a device, appliance or equipment to be reached by ready access or by a means that first requires the removal or movement of a panel, door or similar obstruction (see also "Ready access "). AIR. All air supplied to mechanical equipment for combustion, ventilation, cooling, etc. Standard air is air at standard tempera- ture and' pressure, namely 70 °F (21 °C ) and 29.92 inches of mercury (101.3 kPa). AIR CONDITIONING. The treatment of air so as to control simultaneously the temperature, humidity, cleanness and distri- bution of the air to meet the requirements of a conditioned space. AIR - CONDITIONING SYSTEM. A system that consists of heat exchangers, blowers, filters, supply, exhaust and return ducts, and shall include any apparatus installed in connection therewith. AIR DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM. Any system of ducts, plenums and air- handling equipment that circulates air within a space or spaces and includes systems made up of one or more air - handling units. AIR, EXHAUST. Air being removed from any space or piece of equipment and conveyed directly to the atmosphere by means of openings or ducts. AIR - HANDLING UNIT. A blower or fan used for the purpose of distributing supply air to a room, space or area. 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE AIR, MAKEUP Air that is provided to replace air being exhausted. ALTERATION. A change in a mechanical system that in- volves an extension, addition or change to the arrangement, type or purpose of the original installation. APPLIANCE. A device or apparatus that is manufactured and designed to utilize energy and for which this code provides specific requirements. APPLIANCE TYPE. High -heat appliance. Any appliance in which the products of combustion at the point of entrance to the flue under normal operating conditions have a temperature greater than 2,000 °F (1093 °C.). Low -heat appliance (residential appliance). Any appli- ance in which the products of combustion at the point of entrance to the flue under normal operating conditions have a temperature of 1,000 °F (538 °C.) or less. Medium -heat appliance. Any appliance in which the prod- ucts of combustion at the point of entrance to the flue under normal operating conditions have a temperature of more than 1,000 °F (538 °C ), but not greater than 2,000 °F (1093 °C ). APPLIANCE, UNVENTED. An appliance designed or in- stalled in such a manner that the products of combustion are not conveyed by a vent or chimney directly to the outside. atmos- phere. APPLIANCE, VENTED. An appliance designed and installed in such a manner that all of the products of combustion are conveyed directly from the appliance to the outside atmosphere through an approved chimney or vent system. APPROVED. Approved by the code official or other authority having jurisdiction. APPROVED AGENCY. An established and recognized agency that is approved by the code official and regularly engaged in conducting tests or furnishing inspection services. AUTOMATIC BOILER. Any class of boiler that is equipped with the controls and limit devices specified in Chapter 10. AUTOMATIC GAS SHUTOFF DEVICE. A device con- structed so that the attainment of a water temperature in a hot water supply system in excess of some predetermined limit acts in such a way so as to cause the gas to the system to be shut off. AUTOMATIC GAS SHUTOFF VALVE. A valve used in conjunction with an automatic gas shutoff device to shut off the gas supply to a gas-fired water - heating system. It shall be constructed integrally with the shutoff device or shall be a separate assembly AUTOMATIC IGNITION. Ignition of gas at the burner(s) when the gas controlling device is turned on, including reigni- 202 tion if the flames on the bumer(s) have been extinguished by means other than by the closing of the gas controlling device. BASE FLOOD ELEVATION. A reference point, determined in accordance with the building code, based on the depth or peak elevation of flooding, including wave height, which has a 1 percent (100 -year flood) or greater chance of occurring in any given year. BATHROOM. A room containing a bathtub, shower, spa or similar bathing fixture. BOILER. A closed heating appliance intended to supply hot water or steam for space heating, processing or power purposes. Low - pressure boilers operate at pressures less than or equal to 15 pounds per square inch (psi) (103 kPa) for steam and 160 psi (1103 kPa) for water. High - pressure boilers operate at pressures exceeding those pressures. BOILER ROOM. A room primarily utilized for the installa- tion of a boiler. BRAZED JOINT. A gas -tight joint obtained by the joining of metal parts with metallic mixtures or alloys which melt at a temperature above 1,000 °F (538 °C.), but lower than the melt- ing temperature of the parts to be joined. BRAZING. A metal joining process wherein coalescence is produced by the use of a nonferrous filler metal having a melting point above 1,000 °F (538 °C.), but lower than that of the base metal being joined. The filler material is distributed between the closely fitted surfaces of the joint by capillary attraction. BTU. Abbreviation for British thermal unit, which is the quan- tity of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 pound (454 g) of water PF (0.56 °C.) (1 Btu =1055 J). BUILDING. Any structure occupied or intended for support- ing or sheltering any occupancy BUILDING PIPING. The fuel piping from the point where it enters the building or foundation to and including the outlets and upstream to the gas meter or LP -gas or fuel -oil tank outlet. BURNER. A device for the final conveyance of the gas, or a mixture of gas and air, to the combustion zone. IWection (atmospheric) type. A burner in which the air at atmospheric pressure is injected into the burner by a jet of gas. Injection (Bunsen) type. A burner employing the energy of a jet of gas to inject air for combustion into the burner and mix it with the gas. Luminous or yellow flame. A burner in which only the secondary air is depended on for the combustion of the gas. Power. A burner in which either gas, air or both are supplied at pressures exceeding, for gas, the line pressure, and for air, atmospheric pressure, with this added pressure being ap- plied at the burner. Premixing. A power burner in which all or nearly all of the air for combustion is mixed with the gas as primary air. Pressure. A .burner that is supplied with an air -gas mixture under pressure [usually from 0.5 to 14 inches of water (124 to 3483 Pa) and occasionally higher]. CHIMNEY. A primarily vertical structure containing one or more flues, for the purpose of carrying gaseous products of combustion and air from a fuel - buming appliance to the outside atmosphere. Factory-built chimney. A listed and labeled chimney com- posed of factory-made components, assembled in the field in accordance with manufacturer's instructions and the con- ditions of the listing. Masonry chimney. A field- constructed chimney composed of solid masonry units, bricks, stones or concrete. CHIMNEY CONNECTOR. A pipe that connects a fuel -burn- ing appliance to a chimney CLEARANCE. The minimum distance through air measured between the heat - producing surface of the mechanical appli- ance, device or equipment and the surface of the combustible material or assembly CLOSED COMBUSTION SOLID- FUEL - BURNING AP- PLIANCE. A heat - producing appliance that employs a com- bustion chamber that has no openings other than the flue collar, fuel charging door and adjustable openings provided to control the amount of combustion air that enters the combustion cham- ber. CLOTHES DRYER. A device used to dry wet laundry by means of heat. Dryer classifications are as follows: Type 1. Factory-built package, multiple production. Primar- ily used in family living environment. Usually the smallest unit physically and in function output. Type 2. Factory-built package, multiple production. Used in business with direct intercourse of the function with the public. Not designed for use in individual family living environment. CODE. These regulations, subsequent amendments thereto, or any emergency rule or regulation that the administrative author- ity having jurisdiction has lawfully adopted. CODE OFFICIAL. The officer or other designated authority charged with the administration and enforcement of this code, or a duly authorized representative. COMBUSTIBLE ASSEMBLY. Wall, floor, ceiling or other assembly constructed of one or more component materials that are not defined as noncombustible. COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS. Any liquids having a flash point at or above 100 °F (38 °C.), and that are divided into the follow- ing classifications: Class II. Liquids having flash points at or above 100 °F (38 °C.) and below 140 °F (60 °C.). Class ILIA. Liquids having flash points at or above 140 °F (60 °C.) and below 200 °F (93 °C.). Class IIIB. Liquids having flash points at or above 200 °F (93 °C.). COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL. Any material not defined as noncombustible. COMBUSTION. In the context of this code, refers to the rapid oxidation of fuel accompanied by the production of heat or heat and light. 10 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE COMBUSTION AIR. Air necessary for complete combustion of a fuel, including theoretical air and excess air COMBUSTION CHAMBER. The portion of an appliance within which combustion occurs. COMBUSTION PRODUCTS. Constituents resulting from the combustion of a fuel with the oxygen of the air, including the inert gases, but excluding excess air COMMERCIAL FOOD HEAT-PROCESSING EQUIP- MENT. Equipment used in a food establishment for heat -proc- essing food or utensils, and which produces grease vapors, steam, fumes, smoke or odors that are required to be removed through a local exhaust ventilation system. COMPRESSOR. A specific machine, with or without acces- sories, for compressing a gas. COMPRESSOR, POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT. A com- pressor in which increase in pressure is attained by changing the internal volume of the compression chamber. COMPRESSOR UNIT. A compressor with its prime mover and accessories. CONCEALED GAS PIPING. Piping that is enclosed in the building construction without means of access. CONCEALED LOCATION. A location that cannot be ac- cessed without damaging permanent parts of the building struc- ture or finish surface. Spaces above, below or behind readily removable panels or doors shall not be considered as concealed. CONDENSATE. The liquid that condenses from a gas (includ- ing flue gas) caused by a reduction in temperature. CONDENSER. A heat exchanger designed to liquefy refriger- ant vapor by removal of heat. CONDENSING UNIT. A specific refrigerating machine com- bination for a given refrigerant, consisting of one or more power -driven compressors, condensers, liquid receivers (when required), and the regularly furnished accessories. CONDITIONED SPACE. An area, room or space being heated or cooled by any equipment. CONFINED SPACES. A space having a volume less than 50 cubic feet per 1,000 British thermal units per hour ( Btu/h) (4.8 MI/kW) of the aggregate input rating of all appliances installed in that space. CONSTRUCTION DOCUMENTS. All of the written, graphic and pictorial documents prepared or assembled for describing the design, location and physical characteristics of the elements of the project necessary for obtaining a building permit. The construction drawings shall be drawn to an appro- priate scale. CONTINUOUS PILOT. A pilot that burns without turndown, whether or not the main burner is firing. CONTROL. A manual or automatic device designed to regu- late the gas, air, water or electrical supply to, or operation of, a mechanical system. CONVERSION BURNER. A burner designed to supply gase- ous fuel to an appliance originally designed to utilize another fuel. 202 COOKING EQUIPMENT. See "Commercial food beat - processing equipment." CUBIC FOOT. The amount of gas which occupies 1 cubic foot (0.02832 m') when at a temperature of 60 °F (16 °C.), saturated with water vapor and under a pressure equivalent to that of 30 inches of mercury (101 kPa). DAMPER. A manually or automatically controlled device to regulate draft or the rate of flow of air or combustion gases. Volume damper. A device that, when installed, will restrict, retard or direct the flow of air in a duct, or the products of combustion in a heat - producing equipment, its vent connec- tor, vent or chimney therefrom. DAMPER VENT DEVICE, AUTOMATIC. A device in- tended for installation in the venting system, in the outlet of or downstream of the appliance draft hood, of an individual auto- matically operated fuel- gas - burning appliance and that is de- signed to open the venting system automatically when the appliance is in operation and to close off the venting system automatically when the appliance is in a standby or shutdown condition. Electrically operated. Employs electrical energy to control the device. Mechanically actuated. Dependent for operation upon the direct application or transmission of mechanical energy without employing any type of energy conversion. Thermally actuated. Dependent for operation exclusively upon the direct conversion of the thermal energy of the vent gases into mechanical energy DECORATIVE GAS APPLIANCE, VENTED. A vented gas -fired appliance wherein the primary function lies in the aesthetic effect of the flames. DECORATIVE GAS APPLIANCES FOR INSTALLA- TION IN VENTED FIREPLACES. A vented gas -fired ap- pliance designed for installation within the fire chamber of a vented fireplace, wherein the primary function lies in the aes- thetic effect of the flames. DEMAND. The maximum amount of gas input required per unit of time, usually expressed in cubic feet per hour, or Btu/h (I Btu/h = 0.2931 W). DESIGN WORKING PRESSURE. The maximum allowable working pressure for which a specific part of a system is designed. DILUTION AIR. Air that is introduced into a draft hood and is mixed with the flue gases. DIRECT GAS -FIRED MAKEUP AIR HEATER. A heater in which all of the products of combustion generated by the gas - burning device are released into the outside airstream being heated. DIRECT REFRIGERATION SYSTEM. A system in which the evaporator or condenser of the refrigerating system is in direct contact with the air or other substances to be cooled or heated. DIRECT-VENT APPLIANCES. Appliances that are con- structed and installed so that all air for combustion is derived 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 11 from the outside atmosphere and all flue gases are discharged to the outside atmosphere. DIVERSITY FACTOR. Ratio of the maximum probable de- mand to the maximum possible demand. DRAFT. The pressure difference existing between the equip- ment or any component part and the atmosphere, that causes a continuous flow of air and products of combustion through the gas passages of the appliance to the atmosphere. Induced draft. The pressure difference created by the action of a fan, blower or ejector, that is located between the appliance and the chimney or vent termination. Natural draft. The pressure difference created by a vent or chimney because of its height, and the temperature difference between the flue gases and the atmosphere. DRAFT HOOD. A device built into a gas appliance or incor- porated into the connector of a gas appliance, with a relief opening to permit the ready escape of flue gases and back pressure in the event of flue blockage, draft failure or a down - draft, and to neutralize the effect of excess draft on the operation of the appliance. DRIP. The container placed at a low point in a system of piping to collect condensate and from which the condensate is remov- able. DRY CLEANING SYSTEMS. Dry cleaning plants or sys- tems are classified as follows: Type I. Those systems using Class I flammable liquid sol- vents having a flash point below 100 °F (38 °C.). Type H. Those systems using Class II combustible liquid solvents having a flash point at or above 100 °F (38 °C.) and below 140 °F (60 °C.). Type M. Those systems using Class III combustible liquid solvents having a flash point at or above 140 °F (60 °C.). Type IV and Type v Those systems using Class IV nonflam- mable liquid solvents. DRY GAS. A gas having a moisture and hydrocarbon dew point below any normal temperature to which the gas piping is exposed. , DUCT. A tube or conduit utilized for conveying air. The air passages of self - contained systems are not to be construed as air ducts. DUCT FURNACE. A warm -air furnace normally installed in an air- distribution duct to supply warm air for heating. This definition shall apply only to a warm -air heating appliance that depends for air circulation on a blower not furnished as part of the furnace. DUCT SYSTEM. A continuous passageway for the transmis- sion of air, that, in addition to ducts, includes duct fittings, dampers, plenums, fans and accessory air - handling equipment. DWELLING. A building or portion thereof that contains not more than two dwelling units. DWELLING UNIT. A single unit providing complete, inde- pendent living facilities for one or more persons, including permanent provisions for living, sleeping, eating, cooking and sanitation. ELECTRIC HEATING APPLIANCE. A device that pro- duces heat energy to create a warm environment by the appli- cation of electric power to resistance elements, refrigerant compressors or dissimilar material junctions. EQUIPMENT. All piping, ducts, vents, control devices and other components of systems other than appliances which are permanently installed and integrated to provide control of environmental conditions for buildings. This definition shall also include other systems specifically regulated in this code. EQUIPMENT, EXISTING. Any equipment regulated by this code which was legally installed prior to the effective date of this code, or for which a permit to install has been issued. EVAPORATIVE COOLER. A device used for reducing the sensible heat of air for cooling by the process of evaporation of water into an airstream. EVAPORATIVE COOLING SYSTEM. All of that equip- ment intended or installed for the purpose of environmental cooling by an evaporative cooler from which the conditioned air is distributed through ducts or plenums to the conditioned area. EVAPORATOR. That part of the system in which liquid refrigerant is vaporized to produce refrigeration. EXCESS AIR. Amount of air provided in addition to theoreti- cal air, to achieve complete combustion of a fuel, thereby preventing the formation of dangerous products of combustion. EXHAUST AIR. Air removed from a space and not reused. EXHAUST SYSTEM. An assembly of connected ducts, plenums, fittings, registers, grilles and hoods through which air is conducted from the space or spaces and exhausted to the outside atmosphere. FIREPLACE. An assembly consisting of a hearth and fire chamber of noncombustible material and provided with a chim- ney, for use with solid fuels. Factory -built fireplace. A listed and labeled fireplace and chimney system composed of factory-made components, and assembled in the field in accordance with manufac- turer's instructions and the conditions of the listing. Masonry fireplace. A field - constructed fireplace composed of solid masonry units, bricks, stones or concrete. FIREPLACE STOVE. A chimney - connected, solid -fuel- burning stove (appliance) having part of its fire chamber open to the room. FLAME SAFEGUARD. A device that will automatically shut off the fuel supply to a main burner or group of burners when the means of ignition of such burners become inoperative, and when flame failure occurs on the burner or group of bumers. FLAME SPREAD RATING. The numerical value assigned to a material tested in accordance with ASTM E 84 FLAMMABILITY CLASSIFICATION. Refrigerants shall be assigned to one of the three classes —1, 2 or 3 in accordance with ASHRAE 34 For Class 2 and 3, the heat of combustion shall be calculated assuming that combustion products are in the gas phase and in their most stable state. 12 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE Class 1. Refrigerants that do not show flame propagation when tested in air at 14 7 psis (101 kPa) and 70 °F (21 °C.). Class 2. Refrigerants having a lower flammability limit (LFL) of more than 0.00625 pound per cubic foot (0.10 kg/m3) at 70 °F (21 °C.) and 14 7 psia (101 kPa) and a heat ,of combustion of less than 8,174 Btu/lb. (19 000 kJ/kg). Class 3. Refrigerants that are highly flammable, having a LFL of less than or equal to 0.00625 pound per cubic foot (0.10 kg/m') at 70 °F (21 °C.) and 14 7 psia (101 kPa) or a heat of combustion greater than or equal to 8,174 Btu/lb. (19 000 kJ/kg). FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS. Any liquid that has a flash point below 100 °F (38 °C.), and has a vapor pressure not exceeding 40 psia (276 kPa) at 100 °F (38 °C.). Flammable liquids shall be known as Class I liquids and shall be divided into the following classifications. Class IA. Liquids having a flash point below 73 °F (23 °C.) and having a boiling point below 100 °F (38 °C.). Class IB. Liquids having a flash point below 73 °F (23 °C.) and having a boiling point at or above 100 °F (38 °C.). Class IC. Liquids having a flash point at or above 73 °F (23 °C.) and below 100 °F (38 °C.). FLAMMABLE VAPOR OR FUMES. Mixtures of gases in air at concentrations equal to or greater than the lower flamma- bility limit (LFL) and less than or equal to the upper flamma- bility limit (UFL). FLASH POINT. The minimum temperature corrected to a pressure of 14 7 psia (101 kPa) at which the application of a test flame causes the vapors of a portion of the sample to ignite under the conditions specified by the test procedures and appa- ratus. The flash point of a liquid shall be determined in accord- ance with ASTM D 56, ASTM D 93 or ASTM D 3278. FLOOD ZONES Flood - hazard zone. Areas that have been determined to be prone to flooding, but not subject to high - velocity waters or wave action. High - hazard zone. Areas of tidal influence that have been determined to be subject to wave heights in excess of 3 feet (914 nun) or subject to high - velocity wave runup or wave - induced erosion. FLOOR FURNACE. A completely self - contained furnace suspended from the floor of the space being heated, taking air for combustion from outside such space and with means for observing flames and lighting the appliance from such space. FLUE. A passageway within a chimney or vent through which gaseous combustion products pass. FLUE CONNECTION (BREECHING). A passage for con- ducting the products of combustion from a fuel -fired appliance to the vent or chimney (see also "Chimney connector" and "Vent connector "). FLUE GASES. Products of combustion and excess air. FLUE LINER (LINING). A system or material used to form the inside surface of a flue in a chimney or vent, for the purpose of protecting the surrounding structure from the effects of 202 combustion products and conveying combustion products with- out leakage to the atmosphere. FUEL GAS. A natural, manufactured, liquefied petroleum or a mixture of these. FUEL OIL. Kerosene or any hydrocarbon oil having a flash point not less than 100 °F (38 °C.). FUEL -OIL PIPING SYSTEM. A closed piping system that connects a combustible liquid from a source of supply to a fuel -oil- burning appliance. FURNACE. A completely self- contained heating unit that is designed to supply heated air to spaces remote from or adjacent to the appliance location. FURNACE ROOM. A room primarily utilized for the instal- lation of fossil fuel -fired heating equipment, other than boilers (see also `Boiler room "). FUSIBLE PLUG. A device arranged to relieve pressure by operation of a fusible member at a predetermined temperature. GAS CONVENIENCE OUTLET. A permanently mounted, manually operated device that provides the means for connect- ing an appliance to, and disconnecting an appliance from, the gas supply piping. The device includes an integral, manually operated gas valve with a nondisplaceable valve member and is designed so that disconnection of an appliance only occurs when the manually operated gas valve is in the closed position. GAS PIPING. An installation of pipe, valves or fittings in- stalled on a premises or in a building and utilized to convey fuel gas. HAZARDOUS LOCATION. Any location considered to be a fire hazard for flammable vapors, dust, combustible fibers or other highly combustible substances. The location is not nec- essarily categorized in the building code as a high- hazard use group classification. HEAT EXCHANGER. A device that transfers heat from one medium to another. HEAT PUMP. A refrigeration system that extracts heat from one substance and transfers it to another portion of the same substance or to a second substance at a higher temperature for a beneficial purpose. HEAT TRANSFER LIQUID. The operating or thermal stor- age liquid in a mechanical system, including water or other liquid base, and additives at the concentration present under operating conditions used to move heat from one location to another. Refrigerants are not included as heat transfer liquids. HEATING VALUE, TOTAL. The number of Btu's produced by the combustion, at constant pressure, of 1 cubic foot (0.0283 MI) of gas when the products of combustion are cooled to the initial temperature of the gas and air, when the water vapor formed during combustion is condensed, and when all neces- sary corrections have been applied. HIGH - PROBABILITY SYSTEMS. Any system in which the basic design or the location of components is such that a leakage of refrigerant from a failed connection, seal or component will enter an occupancy classified area, other than the machinery room. 1996 INfERNA11ONAL MECHANICAL CODE 13 202 MGM -SIDE PRESSURE. The parts of a refrigerating system subject to condenser pressure. HOOD. An air- intake device used to capture by entrapment, impingement, adhesion or similar means, grease and similar contaminates before they enter a duct system. Type I. A kitchen hood for collecting and removing grease vapors and smoke. Type II. A general kitchen hood for collecting and removing steam, vapor, heat or odors. HOUSE PIPING. See "Building .piping." IDLH (IMMEDIATELY DANGEROUS TO LIFE OR HEALTH). The maximum concentration of airborne contami- nants, normally established in parts per million (ppm) or milli- grams per cubic meter (mg/m') from which one could escape within 30 minutes without any escape- impairing symptoms or any irreversible health effects. This level is established by the National'Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). IGNITION PILOT. A pilot that operates during the lighting cycle and discontinues during main burner operation. INDIRECT REFRIGERATION SYSTEM. A system in which a secondary coolant cooled or heated by the refrigerating system is circulated to the air or other substance to be cooled or heated. Indirect systems are distinguished by the method of application shown below - Closed system. A system in which a secondary fluid is either cooled or heated by the refrigerating system and then circu- lated within a closed circuit in indirect contact with the air or other substance to be cooled or heated. Double- indirect open -spray system. A system in which the .secondary substance for an indirect open spray system is heated or cooled by an intermediate coolant circulated from a second enclosure. Open -spray system. A system in which a secondary coolant .is cooled or heated by the refrigerating system and then circulated in direct contact with the air or other substance to be cooled or heated. Vented closed system. A system in which a secondary coolant is cooled or heated by the refrigerating system and then passed through a closed circuit in the air or other substance to be cooled or heated, except that the evaporator or condenser is placed in an open or appropriately vented tank. INTERMITTENT PILOT. A pilot that operates during the ignition cycle and continues during main burner operation, but is shut off at other times. JOINT, FLANGED. A joint made by bolting together a pair of flanged ends. JOINT, FLARED. A metal -to -metal compression joint in which a conical spread is made on the end of a tube that is compressed by a flare nut against a mating flare. JOINT, MECHANICAL. A general form of gas - tight joints obtained by the joining of metal parts through a positive -hold- ing mechanical construction, such as flanged joint, screwed joint or flared joint. JOINT, PLASTIC ADHESIVE. A joint made in thermoset plastic piping by the use of an adhesive substance which forms a continuous bond between the mating surfaces without dis- solving either one of them. JOINT, PLASTIC HEAT FUSION. A joint made in thermo- plastic piping by heating the parts sufficiently to permit fusion of the materials when the parts are pressed together JOINT, PLASTIC SOLVENT CEMENT. A joint made in thermoplastic piping by the use of a solvent or solvent cement which forms a continuous bond between the mating surfaces. JOINT, SOLDERED. A gas-tight joint obtained by the joining of metal parts with metallic mixtures of alloys which .melt at temperatures between 400 °F (204 °C.) and 1,000 °F (538 1C.). JOINT, WELDED. A gas-tight joint obtained by the joining of metal parts in molten state. LABELED. Devices, equipment or materials to which have been affixed a label, seal, symbol or other identifying mark of a nationally recognized testing laboratory, inspection agency or other organization concerned with product evaluation that maintains periodic inspection of the production of the above - labeled items and by whose label the manufacturer attests to compliance with applicable nationally recognized standards. LEL (LOWER EXPLOSIVE LIMIT). See "LFL." LFL (LOWER FLAMMABILITY LIMIT). The minimum concentration of refrigerant that is capable of propagating a flame through a homogeneous mixture of refrigerant and air. LIMIT CONTROL. A device responsive to changes in pres- sure, temperature or level for turning on, shutting off or throt- tling the gas supply to an appliance. LIMITED CHARGE SYSTEM. A system in which, with the compressor idle, the design pressure will not be exceeded when the refrigerant charge has completely evaporated. LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS or LPG (LP -GAS). Liquefied petroleum gas composed predominately of propane, propylene, butanes or butylenes, or mixtures thereof that is gaseous under normal atmospheric conditions, but is capable of being liquefied under moderate pressure at normal tempera- tures. LISTED. Equipment or materials included in a list published by a nationally recognized testing laboratory, inspection agency or other organization concerned with product evaluation that maintains periodic inspection ofproduction of listed equipment or materials, and whose listing states either that the equipment or material meets nationally recognized standards or has been tested and found suitable for use in a specified manner. Not all testing laboratories, inspection agencies and other organiza- tions concerned with product evaluation use the same means for identifying listed equipment. Some do not recognize equip- ment as listed unless it is also labeled. The authority having jurisdiction shall utilize the system employed by the listing organization to identify a listed product. LOG LIGHTER, GAS - FIRED. A manually operated gas- fired solid -fuel ignition device for installation in a vented "solid- fuel - burning fireplace. - ` - LOW - PRESSURE GAS SUPPLY SYSTEM. A gas supply system with gas pressure at or below 0.5 psig (3 4 kPa gage). 14 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE LOW- PRESSURE HOT-WATER-HEATING BOILER. A boiler furnishing hot water at pressures not exceeding 160 psi (1103 kPa) and at temperatures not exceeding 250 °F (121 °C.). LOW - PRESSURE STEAM - HEATING BOILER. A boiler furnishing steam at pressures not exceeding 15 psi (103 kPa). LOW - PROBABILITY SYSTEMS. Any system in which the basic design or the location of components is such that a leakage of refrigerant from a failed connection, seal or component will not enter an occupancy - classified area, other than the machin- ery room. LOW -SIDE PRESSURE. The parts of a refrigerating system subject to evaporator pressure. MACHINERY ROOM. A room in which refrigeration sys- tems or components thereof are located. MAIN BURNER. A device or group of devices essentially forming an integral unit for the final conveyance of gas or a mixture of gas and air to the combustion zone, and on which combustion takes place to accomplish the function for which the appliance is designed. MAIN BURNER CONTROL VALVE. A valve that controls the gas supply to the main burner manifold. MANUAL SHUTOFF VALVE. A manually operated listed gas valve in the gas line for the purpose of completely turning on or shutting off the gas supply MEASURED GAS. Gas that has passed through and the volume of which has been measured by a meter, or gas that has been otherwise measured such as by weight or volume. MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT ROOM. A room or space in which mechanical equipment not using a fossil fuel is located. MECHANICAL EXHAUST SYSTEM. A system for remov- ing air from a room or space by mechanical means. MECHANICAL JOINT. A connection between pipes, fit- tings, or pipes and fittings, which is neither screwed, caulked, threaded, soldered, solvent cemented, brazed nor welded. Also, a joint in which compression is applied along the centerline of the pieces being joined. Some joints are part of a coupling, fitting or adapter. MECHANICAL SYSTEM. A system specifically addressed and regulated in this code and composed of components, de- vices, appliances and equipment. MEDIUM - PRESSURE GAS SUPPLY SYSTEMS. A gas supply system with gas pressure exceeding 0.5 psig (3 4 kPa gage), but not exceeding 5 psig (34 kPa gage). METER. The instrument installed to measure the volume of gas delivered through it. MP REGULATOR, 2 PSI (13.8 kPa). A medium - pressure regulator that reduces the 2 psi (13.8 kPa) consumer's gas piping pressure to the appliance regulator or to the appliance utilization pressure. NATURAL VENTILATION. The movement of air into and out of a space through intentionally provided openings, such as windows and doors, or through nonpowered ventilators. NONABRASIVEIABRASIVE MATERIALS. Nonabrasive particulate in high concentrations, moderately abrasive particu- 202 late in low and moderate concentrations, and highly abrasive particulate in low concentrations, such as alfalfa, asphalt, plas- ter, gypsum and salt. NONCOMBUSTIBLE MATERIALS. Materials that, when tested in accordance with ASTM E 136, have at least three of four specimens tested meeting all of the following criteria. 1 The recorded temperature of the surface and interior thermocouples shall not at any time during the test rise more than 54 °F (30 °C.) above the furnace temperature at the beginning of the test. 2. There shall not be flaming from the specimen after the first 30 seconds. 3. If the weight loss of the specimen during testing exceeds 50 percent, the recorded temperature of the surface and interior thermocouples shall not at any time during the test rise above the furnace air temperature at the begin- ning of the test, and there shall not be flaming of the specimen. OCCUPANCY. The purpose for which a building, or portion thereof, is utilized or occupied. ORIFICE. The opening in a cap, spud or other device whereby the flow of gas is limited and through which the gas is dis- charged to the burner. ORIFICE CAP (HOOD). A movable fitting having an orifice that permits adjustment of the flow of gas by the changing of its position with respect to a fixed needle or other device. ORIFICE SPUD. A removable plug or cap containing an orifice and which permits adjustment of the flow of gas either by substitution of a spud with a different -sized orifice or by the motion of a needle with respect to it. OUTDOOR AIR. Air taken from the outdoors, and therefore not previously circulated through the system. OUTDOOR OPENING. A door, window, louver or skylight openable to the outside atmosphere. OUTLET. A threaded connection or bolted flange in a pipe system to which a gas- burning appliance is attached. Outlets must be located in the room or space where the appliance is installed. OXYGEN DEPLETION SAFETY SHUTOFF SYSTEM (ODS). A system designed to act to shut off the gas supply to the main and pilot burners if the oxygen in the surrounding atmosphere is reduced below a predetermined level. PANEL HEATING. A method of radiant space heating in which heat is supplied by large heated areas of room surfaces. The heating element usually consists of warm water piping, warm air ducts, or electrical resistance elements embedded in or located behind ceiling, wall or floor surfaces. PELLET FUEL - BURNING APPLIANCE. A closed -com- bustion, vented appliance equipped with a fuel -feed mechanism for burning processed pellets of solid fuel of a specified size and composition. PILOT. A small flame that is utilized to ignite the gas at the main burner or burners. 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 1s 202 PIPING. Where used in this code, "piping" refers to either pipe or tubing, or both. Pipe. A rigid conduit of iron, steel, copper, brass or plastic. Tubing. Semirigid conduit of copper, aluminum, plastic or steel. PLASTIC, THERMOPLASTIC. A plastic that is capable of being repeatedly softened by increase of temperature and hard- ened by decrease of temperature. PLASTIC, THERMOSETTING. A plastic that is capable of being changed into a substantially infusible or insoluble prod- uct when cured under application of heat or chemical means. POWER BOILER. See "Boiler." PREMISES. A lot, plot or parcel of land, including any struc- ture thereon. PRESSURE, FIELD TEST. A test performed in the field to prove system tightness. PRESSURE - LIMITING DEVICE. A pressure - responsive mechanism designed to stop automatically the operation of the pressure- imposing element at a predetermined pressure. PRESSURE RELIEF DEVICE. Apressure- actuated valve or rupture member designed to relieve excessive pressure auto- matically PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE. A pressure - actuated valve held closed by a spring or other means and designed to relieve pressure automatically in excess of the device's setting. PRESSURE VESSELS. Closed containers, tanks or vessels that are designed to contain liquids, gases or both, under pres- sure. PRESSURE VESSELS — REFRIGERANT. Any refriger- ant- containing receptacle in a refrigerating system. This does not include evaporators where each separate section does not exceed 0.5 cubic foot (0.014 m') of refrigerant- containing volume, regardless of the maximum inside dimensions, evapo- rator coils, controls, headers, pumps and piping. PROTECTIVE ASSEMBLY (REDUCED CLEARANCE). Any noncombustible assembly that is labeled or constructed in accordance with Table 308.6 and is placed between combusti- ble materials or assemblies and mechanical appliances, devices or equipment, for the purpose of reducing required airspace clearances. Protective assemblies attached directly to a com- bustible assembly shall not be considered as part of that com- bustible assembly PURGE. To clear of air, water or other foreign substances. QUICK- DISCONNECT DEVICE. A hand - operated device that provides a means for connecting and disconnecting an appliance or an appliance connector to a gas supply and that is equipped with an automatic means to shut off the gas supply when the device is disconnected. QUICK - OPENING VALVE. A valve that opens completely by fast action, either manually or automatically controlled. A valve requiring one - quarter round turn or less is considered to be quick opening. RADIANT HEATER. A heater designed to transfer heat pri- marily by direct radiation. READY ACCESS (TO). That which enables a device, appli- ance or equipment to be directly reached, without requiring the removal or movement of any panel, door or similar obstruction (see "Access "). RECEIVER, LIQUID. A vessel permanently connected to a refrigeration system by inlet and outlet pipes for storage of liquid refrigerant. RECIRCULATED AIR. Air removed from a conditioned space and intended for reuse as supply air. RECLAIMED REFRIGERANTS. Refrigerants reprocessed to the same specifications as for new refrigerants by means including distillation. Such refrigerants have been chemically analyzed to verify that the specifications have been met. Re- claiming usually implies the use of processes or procedures that are available only at a reprocessing or manufacturing facility RECOVERED REFRIGERANTS. Refrigerants removed from a system in any condition without necessarily testing or processing them. RECYCLED REFRIGERANTS. Refrigerants from which contaminants have been reduced by oil separation, removal of noncondensable gases, and single or multiple passes through devices that reduce moisture, acidity and particulate matter, such as replaceable core filter driers. These procedures usually are performed at the field job site or in a local service shop. REFRIGERANT. A substance utilized to produce refrigera- tion by its expansion or vaporization. REFRIGERANT SAFETY CLASSIFICATIONS. Group- ings that indicate the toxicity and flammability classes in ac- cordance with Section 1104 1 The classification group is made up of a letter (A or B) that indicates the toxicity class, followed by a number (1, 2 or 3) that indicates the flammability class. Refiig- erant blends are similarly classified, based on the compositions at their worst cases of fractionation, as separately determined for toxicity and flammability In some cases, the worst case of frac- tionation is the original formulation. Flammability. Class 1 indicates refrigerants that do not show flame propagation in air when tested by prescribed methods at specified conditions. Classes 2 and 3 signify refrigerants with "lower flammability" and "higher flamma- bility," respectively; the distinction depends on both the lower flammability limit (LFL) and heat of combustion. Toxicity. Classes A and B signify refrigerants with "lower toxicity" and "higher toxicity," respectively, based on pre- scribed measures of chronic (long -term, repeated exposures) toxicity REFRIGERATED ROOM OR SPACE. A room or space in which an evaporator or brine coil is located for the purpose of reducing or controlling the temperature within the room or space to below 68 °F (20 °C.). REFRIGERATING SYSTEM. A combination of intercon- nected refrigerant - containing parts constituting one closed re- frigerant circuit in which a refrigerant is circulated for the purpose of extracting heat. REFRIGERATION CAPACITY RATING. Expressed as 1 horsepower (0.75 kW), 1 ton or 12,000 Btu/h (3.5 kW), shall all mean the same quantity 16 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE REFRIGERATION MACHINERY ROOM. A space that is designed to house safely compressors and pressure vessels. REFRIGERATION SYSTEM, ABSORPTION. A heat -op- erated, closed - refrigeration cycle in which a secondary fluid (the absorbent) absorbs a primary fluid (the refrigerant) that has been vaporized in the evaporator. Direct system. A system in which the evaporator is in direct contact with the material or space refrigerated, or is located in air - circulating passages communicating with such spaces. Indirect system. A system in which a brine coil cooled by the refrigerant is circulated to the material or space refriger- ated, or is utilized to cool the air so circulated. Indirect systems are distinguished by the type or method of applica- tion. REFRIGERATION SYSTEM CLASSIFICATION. Refrig- eration systems are classified according to the degree of prob- ability that leaked refrigerant from a failed connection, seal or component will enter an occupied area. The distinction is based on the basic design or location of the components. REFRIGERATION SYSTEM, MECHANICAL. A combi- nation of interconnected refrigeration- containing parts consti- tuting one closed refrigerant circuit in which a refrigerant is circulated for the purpose of extracting heat and in which a compressor is used for compressing the refrigerant vapor. REFRIGERATION SYSTEM, SELF - CONTAINED. A complete factory- assembled and tested system that is shipped in one or more sections and has no refrigerant- containing parts that are joined in the field by other than companion or block valves. REGISTERED DESIGN PROFESSIONAL. An architect or engineer, registered or licensed to practice professional archi- tecture or engineering, as defined by the statutory requirements of the professional registration laws of the state in which the project is to be constructed. REGULATOR. A device for controlling and maintaining a uniform gas supply pressure, either pounds -to- inches water column (MP regulator) or inches -to- inches water column (ap- pliance regulator). REGULATOR, LINE GAS PRESSURE. A device placed in a gas line between the service pressure regulator and the gas equipment for controlling, maintaining or reducing the pressure in that portion of the piping system downstream of the device. REGULATOR, LP -GAS, FIRST STAGE. On undiluted LP- gas systems, the first pressure regulator reduces the storage container pressure. REGULATOR, LP -GAS, SECOND STAGE. A line gas pres- sure regulator for service on undiluted LP -gas systems, reduc- ing an intermediate high pressure to utilization pressure. REGULATOR, SERVICE PRESSURE. A device installed by the serving gas supplier to reduce and limit the service line gas pressure to delivery pressure. RETURN AIR. Air removed from an approved conditioned space or location and recirculated or exhausted. RETURN AIR SYSTEM. An assembly of connected ducts, plenums, fittings, registers and grilles through which air from 202 the space or spaces to be heated or cooled is conducted back to the supply unit (see also "Supply air system "). RISER, GAS. A vertical pipe supplying fuel gas. ROOM HEATER, UNVENTED. See "Unvented room heater." ROOM HEATER VENTED. A free - standing heating unit burning solid, liquid or gas fuel for direct heating of the space in and adjacent to that in which the unit is located [see also "Vented room heater (gas - fired) "]. SAFETY SHUTOFF DEVICE. A device that will shut off the gas supply to the controlled burners in the event the source of ignition fails to ignite the gas at the burners. This device interrupts the flow of gas to the main burners, or to the pilot and the burners under its supervision. SAFETY VALVE. A valve that relieves pressure in a steam boiler by opening fully at the rated discharge pressure. The valve is of the spring -pop type. SELF - CONTAINED EQUIPMENT. Complete, factory-as- sembled and tested, heating, air conditioning or refrigeration equipment installed as a single unit, and having all working parts, complete with motive power, in an enclosed unit of said machinery SERVICE PIPE. The pipe that brings the gas from the gas main to the point of delivery SHAFT. An enclosed space extending through one or more stories of a building, connecting vertical openings in successive floors, or floors and the roof. SHAFT ENCLOSURE. The walls or construction forming the boundaries of a shaft. SMOKE DAMPER. A listed device that is designed to resist the passage of air and smoke. The device is arranged to operate automatically, controlled by a smoke detection system, and when required, is capable of being positioned manually from a remote command station. SMOKE - DEVELOPED RATING. A numerical value as- signed to a material tested in accordance with ASTM E 84 SOURCE CAPTURE SYSTEM. A mechanical exhaust sys- tem designed and constructed to capture air contaminants at the source of the contaminants and to exhaust such contaminants to the outdoor atmosphere. SPECIFIC GRAVITY As applied to gas, specific gravity is the ratio of the weight of a given volume to that of the same volume of air, both measured under the same condition. STEAM - HEATING BOILER. A boiler operated at pressures not exceeding 15 psi (103 kPa) for steam. STOP COCK. See "Manual shutoff valve." STOP VALVE. A shutoff valve for controlling the flow of liquid or gases. STRENGTH, ULTIMATE. The highest stress level that the component will tolerate without rupture. SUPPLY AIR. That air delivered to each or any space supplied by the air distribution system or the total air delivered to all spaces supplied by the air distribution system, which is pro- 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 17 202 vided for ventilating, heating, cooling, humidification, de- humidification and other similar purposes. SUPPLY AIR SYSTEM. An assembly of connected ducts, plenums, fittings, registers and grilles through which air, heated or cooled, is conducted from the supply unit to the space or spaces to be heated or cooled (see also "Return air system "). THEORETICAL AIR. The exact amount of air required to supply oxygen for complete combustion of a given quantity of a specific fuel. THERMAL RESISTANCE (R). A measure of the ability to retard the flow of heat. The R value is the reciprocal of thermal conductance. TLV -TWA (THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUE —TIME- WEIGHTED AVERAGE). The time - weighted average con- centration of a refrigerant or other chemical in air for a normal 8 -hour workday and a 40 -hour work week, to which nearly all workers are repeatedly exposed, day after day, without adverse effects, as adopted by the American Conference of Government Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH). TOILET ROOM. A room containing a water closet and, frequently; a lavatory, but not a bathtub, shower, spa or similar bathing fixture. TOXICITY CLASSIFICATION. Refrigerants shall be clas- sified for toxicity to one of two classes in accordance with ASHRAE34 Class A. Refrigerants for which toxicity has not been iden- tified at concentrations less than or equal to 400 parts per million (ppm), based on data used to determine Threshold Limit Value— Time - Weighted Average (TLV TWA) or con- sistent indices. Class B. Refrigerants for which there is evidence of toxicity at concentrations below 400 ppm, based on data used to determine TLV -TWA or consistent indices. TRANSITION FITTINGS, PLASTIC TO STEEL. An adapter for joining plastic pipe to steel pipe. The purpose of this fitting is to provide a permanent, pressure -tight connection between two materials which cannot be joined directly one to another UNCONFINED SPACE. A space having a volume not less than .50 cubic feet per 1,000 Btu/h (4.8 m1/kW) of the aggregate input rating of all appliances installed in that space. Rooms communicating directly with the space in which the appliances are installed, through openings not furnished with doors, are considered a part of the unconfined space. UNIT HEATER. A self - contained appliance of the fan type, designed for the delivery of warm air directly into the space in which the appliance is located. UNUSUALLY TIGHT CONSTRUCTION Construction meeting the following requirements. I Walls and ceilings exposed to the outside atmosphere having a continuous water vapor retarder with a rating of 1 perm (57 ng/s m2 Pa) or less with openings gasketed or sealed; 2. Storm windows or weatherstripping on openable win- dows and doors, and 3 Caulking or sealants applied to areas, such as joints around window and door frames, between sole plates and floors, between wall- ceiling joints, between wall panels, at penetrations for plumbing, electrical and gas lines, and at other openings. UNVENTED ROOM HEATER. An unvented gas - burning heating appliance designed for stationary installation and util- ized to provide comfort heating. Such appliances provide radi- ant heat or convection heat by gravity or fan circulation directly from the heater and do not utilize ducts. VENT A pipe or other conduit composed of factory-made components, containing a passageway for conveying combus- tion products and air to the atmosphere, listed and labeled for use with a specific type or class of appliance. Pellet vent. A vent listed and labeled for use with listed pellet fuel- burning appliances. Special gas vent. A vent listed and labeled for use with listed Category II, III and IV gas appliances. Type B vent. A vent listed and labeled for use with gas appliances with draft hoods and other Category I gas appli- ances that are listed for use with Type B vents. Type BW vent. A vent listed and labeled for use with listed gas-fire wall furnaces. Type Lvent. A vent listed and labeled for use with oil -bum- ing appliances that are listed for use with Type L vents. VENT CONNECTOR The pipe that connects an approved fuel -fired appliance to a vent. VENTED GAS APPLIANCE CATEGORIES. Vented gas appliances are classified for venting purposes into four catego- ries as follows. Category I. An appliance that operates with a nonpositive vent static pressure and with a vent gas temperature that avoids excessive condensate production in the vent. Category II. An appliance that operates with a nonpositive vent static pressure and with a vent gas temperature that is capable of causing excessive condensate production in the vent. Category III. An appliance that operates with a positive vent static pressure and with a vent gas temperature that avoids excessive condensate production in the vent. Category IV An appliance that operates with a positive vent static pressure and with a vent gas temperature that is capable of causing excessive condensate production in the vent. VENTED ROOM HEATER (GAS- FIRED). A vented self - contained, free - standing, nonrecessed gas- burning appliance for furnishing warm air to the space in which it is installed, directly from the heater without duct connections. VENTILATION. The natural or mechanical process of sup- plying conditioned or unconditioned air to, or removing such air from, any space. VENTILATION AIR. That portion of supply air that comes from the outside (outdoors), plus any recirculated air that has been treated to maintain the desired quality of air within a designated space. 18 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 202 VENTING SYSTEM. A continuous open passageway from the flue collar or draft hood of a gas - burning appliance to the outside atmosphere for the purpose of removing flue or vent gases. A venting system is usually composed of a vent or a chimney and vent connector, if used, assembled to form the open passageway Mechanical draft venting system. A venting system de- signed to remove flue or vent gases by mechanical means, that consists of an induced draft portion under nonpositive static pressure or a forced draft portion under positive static pressure. a. Forced -draft venting system. A portion of a venting system using a fan or other mechanical means to cause the removal of flue or vent gases under positive static vent pressure. b. Induced draft venting system. Aportion ofa venting system using a fan or other mechanical means to cause the removal of flue or vent gases under nonpositive static vent pressure. c. Power venting system. See "Forced -draft venting system." Natural draft venting system. A venting system designed to remove flue or vent gases under nonpositive static vent pressure entirely by natural draft. WATER HEATER. Any heating appliance or equipment that heats potable water and supplies such water to the potable hot water distribution system. Potable water heaters have a nominal capacity of 120 gallons (454 L) or less, have a heat input of 200,000 Btu/h (58.6 kW) or less, and operate at a water pressure of 160 psi (1103 kPa) or less at water temperatures not exceed- ing 210 °F (99 1C.). 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 19 so 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE CHAPTER 3 GENERAL REGULATIONS SECTION 301 GENERAL 301.1 Scope. This chapter shall govem the approval and instal- lation of all equipment and appliances that comprise parts of the building mechanical systems regulated by this code in accordance with Section 101.2. 301.2 Energy utilization. Heating, ventilating and air- condi- tioning systems of all structures shall be designed and installed for efficient utilization of energy in accordance with the energy code. 301.3 Listed and labeled. All equipment and appliances that comprise parts of the building mechanical systems regulated by this code shall be listed and labeled, unless otherwise approved in accordance with Section 105 301.4 Labeling. Labeling shall be in accordance with the procedures set forth in Sections 3014 1 through 301 4.2.3 301.4.1 Testing. An approved agency shall test a repre- sentative sample of the mechanical equipment and appli- ances being labeled to the relevant standard or standards. The approved agency shall maintain a record of all of the tests performed. The record shall provide sufficient detail to verify compliance with the test standard. 301.4.2 Inspection and identification. The approved agency shall periodically perform an inspection, which shall be in -plant if necessary, of the mechanical equipment and appliances to be labeled. The inspection shall verify that the labeled mechanical equipment and appliances are repre- sentative of the mechanical equipment and appliances tested. 301.4.2.1 Independent. The agency to be approved shall be objective and competent. To confirm its objectivity, the agency shall disclose all possible conflicts of interest. 301.4.2.2 Equipment. An approved agency shall have adequate equipment to perform all required tests. The equipment shall be periodically calibrated. 301.4.2.3 Personnel. An approved agency shall employ experienced personnel educated in conducting, supervis- ing and evaluating tests. 301.5 Label information. A permanent factory- applied name- plates) shall be affixed to equipment on which shall appear in legible lettering, the manufacturer's name or trademark, the model number, serial number and the seal or mark of the testing agency A label shall also include the following: 1 Electrical equipment: Electrical rating in volts, amperes and motor phase; identification of individual electrical components in volts, amperes or watts, motor phase; Btu/h (W) output; and required clearances. 2. Absorption units: Hourly rating in Btu/h (W); minimum hourly rating for units having step or automatic modulat- ing controls, type of fuel, type of refrigerant; cooling capacity in Btu/h (W); and required clearances. 3 Fuel - burning units. Hourly rating in Btu/h (W); type of fuel approved for use with the appliance; and required clearances. 4 Electric comfort heating appliances: Name and trade- mark of the manufacturer; the model number or equiva- lent; the electric rating in volts, ampacity and phase; Btu/h (W). output rating; individual marking for each electrical component in amperes or watts, volts and phase; required clearances from combustibles; and a seal indicating approval of the appliance by an approved testing agency 301.6 Conflicts. Where conflicts between this code and the conditions of listing or the manufacturer's installation instruc- tions occur, the provisions of this code shall apply 301.7 Electrical. Electrical wiring, controls and connections to equipment and appliances regulated by this code shall be in accordance with NFPA 70. 301.8 Plumbing connections. Potable water supply and build- ing drainage system connections to equipment and appliances regulated by this code shall be in accordance with the plumbing code. 301.9 Fuel types. Fuel -fired equipment shall be designed for use with the type of fuel to which it will be connected and the altitude at which it is installed. Equipment and appliances that comprise parts of the building mechanical system shall not be converted for the usage of a different fuel, except where ap- proved and converted in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. The fuel input rate shall not be increased or de- creased beyond the limit rating for the altitude at which the equipment or appliance is installed. 301.10 Vibration isolation. When vibration isolation of equip- ment is employed, an approved means of supplemental restraint shall be used to accomplish the support and restraint. 301.11 Repair. Defective material or parts shall be replaced or repaired in such a manner so as to preserve the original approval or listing. 301.12 Wind resistance. Mechanical equipment and supports that are exposed to wind shall be designed and installed to resist the wind pressures determined in accordance with the building code. 301.13 Flood hazard. For structures located in a flood - hazard zone or a high - hazard zone, mechanical systems shall either be placed above the base flood elevation or protected so as to prevent water from entering or accumulating within the equip- ment, ducts or plenum space during floods up to the base flood elevation. 301.14 Seismic resistance. When earthquake loads are appli- cable in accordance with the building code, mechanical system 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 21 302-304.2 supports shall be designed and installed for the seismic forces in accordance with the building code. SECTION 302 PROTECTION OF STRUCTURE 302.1 Penetrations of floor /ceiling assemblies and fire- resis- tance -rated assemblies. Penetrations of floor /ceiling assem- blies and assemblies required to have a fire - resistance rating shall be protected in accordance with the building code. 302.2 Cutting, notching and boring holes. Notches on the ends of solid wood joists shall not exceed one -fourth of the depth. Holes bored for pipes or cable shall not be within 2 inches (51 mm) of the top or bottom of the solid wood joist, and the diameter of any such hole shall not exceed one -third of the depth of the joist. Notches for pipes in the top or bottom of solid wood joists shall not exceed one -sixth of the depth and shall not be located in the middle one -third of the span. 302.3 Notching and cutting of wood studs. In exterior walls and bearing partitions, wood studs shall not be cut or notched to a depth exceeding 25 percent of its depth. Wood studs shall not be cut or notched to a depth exceeding 40 percent of the depth of the stud in nonload - bearing partitions supporting no loads other than the weight of the partition. 302.3.1 Bored holes. The diameter of a bored hole shall not exceed 40 percent of the stud depth. Exceptions: I In nonload- bearing partitions, the diameter of a bored holes shal I not exceed 60 percent ofthe depth of the stud. 2. Where each stud that is bored is doubled and not more than two adjacent double studs are bored, the diameter of bored holes shall not exceed 60 percent of the depth of the stud. 302.3.1 1 Location. The edge of the bored hole shall not be nearer than 5/8 inch (15 9 mm) to the edge of the stud. Bored holes shall not be located at the same section of stud as a cut or notch. SECTION 303 EQUIPMENT AND APPLIANCE LOCATION 303.1 General. Equipment and appliances shall be located as required by this section, specific requirements elsewhere in this code and the conditions of the equipment and appliance listing. 303.2 Hazardous locations. Equipment shall not be located in a hazardous location unless listed and approved for the specific installation. 303.3 Prohibited locations. Fuel -fired appliances shall not be located in, or obtain combustion air from, any of the following rooms or spaces: 1 Sleeping rooms. 2. Bathrooms. 3 Toilet rooms. 4 Storage closets. 5 Surgical rooms. Exception. This section shall not apply to the following appliances. 1 Direct -vent appliances that obtain all combustion air directly from the outdoors. 2. Vented gas -fired room heaters, vented decorative gas appliances and decorative gas -fired appliances for installation in vented solid fuel - burning fireplaces, provided that the room is not a confined space and the building is not of unusually tight construction. 3 Solid fuel -fired appliances and fireplaces, provided that the room is not a confined space and the building is not of unusually tight construction. 4 Appliances installed in an enclosure in which all combustion air is taken from the outdoors and the enclosure is equipped with a solid weather - stripped door and self - closing device. 303.4 Protection from damage. Equipment shall not be in- stalled in a location where it is subject to mechanical damage unless protected by approved barriers. 303.5 Indoor locations. Fuel -fired equipment other than boil- ers not listed for closet or alcove installation shall be installed in rooms or spaces having a volume at least 12 times the total volume of the fuel -fired equipment. Fuel -fired boilers not listed for closet or alcove installation shall be installed in rooms having a volume at least 16 times the total volume ofthe boilers. The room volume shall be computed using the gross floor area and the actual ceiling height up to a maximum computational height of 8 feet (2438 mm). 303.6 Outdoor locations. Equipment installed in other than indoor locations shall be listed and labeled for outdoor instal- lation. 303.7 Pit locations. Equipment installed in pits or excavations shall not come in direct contact with the surrounding soil. The sides of the pit or excavation shall be held back a minimum of 12 inches (305 mm) from the equipment. Where the depth exceeds 12 inches (305 mm) below adjoining grade, the walls of the pit or excavation shall be lined with concrete or masonry extending a minimum of 4 inches (102 mm) above adjoining grade having sufficient lateral load bearing capacity to resist collapse. The equipment shall be protected from flooding in an approved manner SECTION 304 INSTALLATION 304.1 General. Equipment shall be installed as required by the terms of its approval. Equipment and appliances shall be in- stalled in accordance with the conditions of listing and the manufacturer's installation instructions and this code. Manu- facturer's installation instructions shall be available on the job site at the time of inspection. 304.2 Elevation of ignition source. Equipment and appliances having an ignition source shall be elevated such that the source of ignition is not less than 18 inches (457 mm) above the floor in hazardous locations and public garages, private garages, 22 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE repair garages, automotive service stations and parking ga- rages. Such equipment shall not be installed in Group H occu- pancies or control areas where open -use, handling or dispensing of combustible, flammable or explosive materials occurs. 304.3 Public garages. Appliances located in public garages, service stations, repair garages or other areas frequented by motor vehicles, shall be installed a minimum of 8 feet (2438 mm) above the floor. Where motor vehicles exceed 6 feet (1829 mm) in height and are capable of passing under an appliance, appliances shall be installed a minimum of 2 feet (610 mm) higher above the floor than the height of the tallest vehicle. Exception. The requirements of this section shall not apply where the appliances are protected from motor vehicle im- pact and installed in accordance with Section 304.2 and NFPA 88B. 304.4 Private garages. Appliances located in private garages shall be installed with a minimum clearance of 6 feet (1829 mm) above the floor. Exception. The requirements of this section shall not apply where the appliances are protected from motor vehicle im- pact and installed in accordance with Section 304.2. 304.5 Construction and protection. Boiler rooms and furnace rooms shall be protected as required by the building code. 304.6 Clearances to combustible construction. Heat- produc- ing equipment shall be installed to maintain the required clear- ances to combustible constructions as specified in the listing and manufacturer's instructions. Such clearances shall be re- duced only in accordance with Section 308. Clearances to combustibles shall include such considerations as door swing, drawer pull, overhead projections or shelving and window swing, shutters, coverings and drapes. Devices such as door stops or limits, closers, drapery ties or guards shall not be used to provide the required clearances. 304.7 Clearances from grade. Equipment installed at grade level shall be supported on a level concrete slab or other approved material extending above adjoining grade or it shall be suspended a minimum of 6 inches (152 mm) above adjoining grade. 304.8 Guards. Guards shall be provided where appliances, equipment, fans or other components that require service are located within 10 feet (3048 mm) of a roof edge or open side of a walking surface and such edge or open side is located more than 30 inches (762 mm) above the floor, roof or grade below The top of the guard shall be located not less than 42 inches (1067 mm) above the elevated surface adjacent to the guard. The guard shall be constructed so as to prevent the passage of a 21- inch - diameter (533 mm) sphere and shall comply with the loading requirements for guards specified in the building code. 304.9 Area served. Equipment serving different areas of a building other than where it is installed shall be permanently marked in an approved manner that uniquely identifies the piece of equipment and the area it serves. 304.3 — 305.5 SECTION 305 PIPING SUPPORT 305.1 General. All mechanical system piping shall be sup- ported in accordance with this section. 305.2 Materials. Pipe hangers and supports shall have suffi- cient strength to withstand all anticipated static and specified dynamic loading conditions associated with the intended use. Pipe hangers and supports that are in direct contact with piping shall be of approved materials that are compatible with the piping and that will not promote galvanic action. 305.3 Structural attachment. Hangers and anchors shall be attached to the building construction in an approved manner. 305.4 Interval of support. Piping shall be supported at dis- tances not exceeding the spacing specified in Table 305 4, or piping shall be supported in accordance with MSS SP -69 TABLE 305.4 PIPING SUPPORT SPACINGe For SI: 1 inch = 25 4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm. See Section 301 14 b The maximum horizontal spacing of cast -iron pipe hangers shall be increased to 10 feet where 10 -foot lengths of pipe are installed. Mid -story guide. 305.5 Sway bracing. Rigid support sway bracing shall be provided at changes in direction greater than 45 degrees (0:8 rad) for pipe sizes 4 inches (102 mm) and larger. 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 23 MAXIMUM MAXIMUM HORIZONTAL VERTICAL SPACING SPACING PIPING MATERIAL (feet) (fast) ABS pipe 4 4 Aluminum pipe and tubing 10 15 Brass pipe 10 to Brass tubing, 11 /4 -inch diameter and smaller 6 10 Brass tubing, 11/2 -inch diameter and larger 10 10 Cast -iron pipe 5 15 Copper or copper -alloy pipe 12 10 Copper or copper -alloy tubing, 11 /4 -inch diameter and smaller 6 10 Copper or copper -alloy tubing, 11 /2 -inch diameter and larger 10 10 Corrugated stainless steel tubing See ANSI LC -1 CPVC pipe or tubing, 1 inch and smaller 3 5` CPVC pipe or tubing, 11/4 inch and larger 4 6c Steel pipe 12 15 Steel tubing 8 10 Lead pipe Continuous 4 PB pipe or tubing (32 inches) 4 PVC pipe 4 4 For SI: 1 inch = 25 4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm. See Section 301 14 b The maximum horizontal spacing of cast -iron pipe hangers shall be increased to 10 feet where 10 -foot lengths of pipe are installed. Mid -story guide. 305.5 Sway bracing. Rigid support sway bracing shall be provided at changes in direction greater than 45 degrees (0:8 rad) for pipe sizes 4 inches (102 mm) and larger. 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 23 306 — 307.2.1 SECTION 306 ACCESS AND SERVICE SPACE 306.1 Clearances for maintenance and replacement. Clear - ances around equipment and appliances to elements of perma- nent construction, including other installed equipment and appliances, shall be sufficient to allow inspection, service, repair or replacement without removing such elements of per- manent .construction or disabling the function of a required fire- resistance -rated assembly 306.1.1 iCentral furnaces. Central furnaces within com- partments or alcoves shall have a minimum working space clearance of 3 inches (76 mm) along the sides, back and top with a total width of the enclosing space being at least 12 ;inches (305 mm) wider than the furnace. Furnaces having a firebox open to the atmosphere shall have at least 6 inches (152 mm) working space along the front combustion cham- ber side. Combustion air openings at the rear or side of the compartment shall comply with the requirements of Chap- ter 7 Exception: This section shall not apply to replacement •equipment and appliances installed in existing compart- ments and alcoves where the working space clearances are in accordance with the equipment or appliance manu- facturer's installation instructions. 306.2 Equipment in rooms. Rooms containing equipment requiring access shall be provided with a door and an unob structed passageway measuring not less than 36 inches (914 mm) wide and 80 inches (2032 mm) high. Exception. Within a dwelling unit, appliances installed in a compartment, alcove, basement or similar space shall be accessed by an opening or door and an unobstructed pas- sageway measuring not less than 24 inches (610 mm) wide and large enough to allow removal of the largest appliance in the space, provided that a level service space of not less than 30 inches (762 mm) deep and the height of the appli- ance, but not less than 30 inches (762 mm), is present at the front or service side of the appliance with the door open. 306.3 Equipment in attics. Attics containing equipment re- quiring access shall be provided with an opening and unob- structed passageway large enough to allow removal of the largest piece of equipment, but not less than 30 inches (762 mm) high and 30 inches (762 mm) wide and not more than 20 feet (6096 mm) in length when measured along the centerline of the passageway from the opening to the equipment. The passage- way shall have continuous solid flooring not less than 24 inches (610 mm) wide. A level service space at least 30 inches (762 mm) deep and 30 inches (762 mm) wide shall be present at the front or service side of the equipment. The access opening dimensions shall be a minimum of 22 inches by 30 inches (559 mm by 762 mm), where such dimensions are large enough to allow removal of the largest piece of equipment. Exception: The passageway and level service space are not required where the equipment is capable of being serviced and removed through the required opening. 306.4 Equipment under floors. Underfloor spaces containing equipment requiring access shall be provided with an access opening and unobstructed passageway large enough to remove the largest piece of equipment, but not less than 30 inches (762 mm) high and 30 inches (762 mm) wide, nor more than 20 feet (6096 mm) in length when measured along the centerline ofthe passageway from the opening to the equipment. A level service space at least 30 inches (762 mm) deep and 30 inches (762 mm) wide shall be present at the front or service side of the equip- ment. If the depth of the passageway or the service space exceeds 12 inches (305 mm) below the adjoining grade, the walls ofthe passageway shall be lined with concrete or masonry extending 4 inches (102 mm) above the adjoining grade and having sufficient' lateral- bearing capacity to resist collapse. The access opening shall be a minimum of 22 inches by 30 inches (559 mm by 762 mm), where the dimensions are large enough to remove the largest piece of equipment. Exception. The passageway is not required where the level service space is present when the access is open and the equipment is capable of being serviced and removed through the required opening. 306.5 Equipment on roofs or elevated structures. Where equipment and appliances requiring access are installed on roofs or elevated structures at a height exceeding 16 feet (4877 mm), such access shall be provided by a permanent approved means of access, the extent of which shall be from grade or floor level to the equipment's level service space. Such access shall not require climbing over obstructions greater than 30 inches (762 mm) high or walking on roofs having a slope greater than 4 units vertical in 12 units horizontal (33- percent slope). 306.6 Sloped roofs. Where appliances are installed on a roof having a slope of 3 units vertical in 12 units horizontal (25 -per- cent slope) or greater and having an edge more than 30 inches (762 mm) above grade at such edge, a level platform shall be provided on each side of the appliance to which access is required by the manufacturer's installation instructions for service, repair or maintenance. The platform shall not be less than 30 inches (762 mm) in any dimension and shall be pro- vided with guards in accordance with Section 304.8. SECTION 307 CONDENSATE DISPOSAL 307.1 Fuel- burning equipment. Liquid combustion by -prod- ucts of condensing appliances shall be collected and discharged to an approved plumbing fixture or disposal area in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions. Condensate piping shall be of approved corrosion- resistant material and shall not be smaller than the drain connection on the equipment. Such piping shall maintain a minimum horizontal slope in the direction of discharge of not less than one -eighth unit vertical in 12 units horizontal (1- percent slope). 307.2 Evaporators and cooling coils. Condensate drain sys- tems shall be provided for equipment containing evaporators or cooling coils. Condensate drain systems shall be designed, constructed and installed in accordance with Sections 307.2.1 through 307.2.5 307.2.1 Condensate disposal. Condensate from all cooling coils or evaporators shall be conveyed from the drain pan outlet to an approved place of disposal as follows: I Units larger than 6 tons (21 1 kW) nominal capacity shall discharge to a sanitary sewer drain, storm sewer 24 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE J '3s rw' drain or a French drain constructed in accordance with Section 307.2.1 1 Where discharging to a sanitary sewer, such drains shall be indirectly connected in accordance with the plumbing code. 2. Units 6 tons (21 1 kW) and smaller nominal capacity shall discharge in accordance with Item No. 1, or shall discharge to a gutter, roof drain or other approved location. 3 Condensate drains from rooftop units shall discharge in accordance with Item No. 1 or 2, or shall discharge onto rooftops where the condensate does not dis- charge into a street, alley or other areas to cause a nuisance. 307.2.1.1 French drain. A French drain shall consist of a pit excavated in the earth not less than 24 inches (6 10 mm) in any dimension completely filled with coarse gravel. The drain pipe shall extend into the pit not less than 6 inches (152 mm) below grade and shall be securely anchored in place. The drain shall not be covered with sod unless inspected and approved. 307.2.2 Drain pipe materials and sizes. Components of the condensate disposal system shall be cast iron, galvanized steel, copper, polybutylene, polyethylene, ABS, CPVC or PVC pipe and tubing. All components shall be selected for the pressure and temperature rating of the installation. Drain piping, except for the trap, shall be straight (not coiled) tubing or pipe. Condensate waste and drain line size shall be not less than 3/4 -inch (19 mm) internal diameter and shall not decrease in size from the drain pan connection to the place of condensate disposal. Where the drain pipes from more than one unit are manifolded together for condensate drain- age, the pipe or tubing shall be sized in accordance with an approved method. 307.2.3 Auxiliary drain pans. Except as provided for in Section 307.2.4, auxiliary drain pans shall be installed under all coils on which condensation will occur and under units containing coils that are located in attic spaces, suspended ceiling spaces, furred spaces or any area where damage will occur to the building or building contents, as a result of an overflow of the equipment drain pan or a stoppage in the condensate drain piping. Auxiliary drain pans shall have a minimum depth of 11 /2 inches (38 mm), shall be not less than 3 inches (76 mm) larger than the unit or coil dimensions in width and length, and shall be constructed of an approved corrosion - resistant material. Metallic pans shall have a mini- mum thickness of not less than 0 0276 -inch (0.7 mm) gal- vanized sheet steel. Nonmetallic pans shall have a minimum thickness of not less than 0.0625 -inch (1.6 mm). A separate drain line shall extend from the pan to a conspicuous point and serve as an alarm which indicates that the primary drain is restricted. As an alternative to a separate drain line, an approved water level detector or float switch shall be used to control overflow 307.2.4 Secondary drain system. Where an auxiliary drain pan cannot be installed under units containing cooling coils, a drain pipe shall be connected to the secondary drain (overflow) connection so that the overflowing condensate resulting from flow restrictions in the primary drain pipe will 307.2.1 1 - 308.7 be carried away without causing damage to the unit and its surroundings. The overflowing condensate shall be drained to a conspicuous point and serve as an alarm which indicates that the primary drain pipe is restricted. As an alternative, overflowing condensate shall be piped to a secondary drain pan, firmly secured and located along the side of the cooling unit, from which the condensate will be drained to a con- spicuous point. A secondary drain pan shall have a capacity at least equal to the condensate drain pan, shall be at least 11 /2 inches (38 mm) deep, and shall be constructed of not less than 0.0276 -inch (0 7 mm) galvanized sheet metal. In lieu of a separate drain line, an approved water level detector or float switch to control overflow shall be used. 307.2.5 'Naps. Condensate drains shall be trapped as re- quired by the equipment or appliance manufacturer. SECTION 308 CLEARANCE REDUCTION 308.1 Scope. This section shall govern the reduction in required clearances to combustible materials and combustible assem- blies for chimneys, vents, kitchen exhaust equipment, mechani- cal appliances, and mechanical devices and equipment. 308.2 Listed appliances and equipment. Clearances from appliances and other listed components of a mechanical system shall not be reduced to less than that allowed by the listing. 308.3 Protective assembly construction and installation. Reduced clearance protective assemblies, including structural and support elements, shall be constructed of noncombustible materials. Spacers utilized to maintain an airspace between the protective assembly and the protected material or assembly shall be noncombustible. Where a space between the protective assembly and protected combustible material or assembly is specified, the same space shall be provided around the edges of the protective assembly and the spacers shall be placed so as to allow air circulation by convection in such space. Protective assemblies shall not be placed less than 1 inch (25 mm) from the mechanical appliances, devices or equipment, regardless of the allowable reduced clearance. 308.4 Allowable reduction. The reduction of required clear- ances to combustible assemblies or combustible materials shall be based on the utilization of a reduced clearance protective assembly in accordance with Section 308.5 or 308.6. 308.5 Labeled assemblies. The allowable clearance reduction shall be based on an approved reduced clearance protective assembly that has been tested and bears the label of an approved agency 308.6 Reduction table. The allowable clearance reduction shall be based on one of the methods specified in Table 308.6. Where required clearances are not listed in Table 308.6, the reduced clearances shall be determined by linear interpolation between the distances listed in the table. Reduced clearances shall not be derived by extrapolation below the range of the table. 308.7 Solid fuel- burning appliances. The clearance reduction methods specified in Table 308.6 shall not be utilized to reduce the clearance required for solid fuel - burning appliances that are labeled for installation with clearances of 12 inches (305 mm) 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 26 TABLE 308.6 — 308.11 TABLE 308.6 CLEARANCE REDUCTION METHODS For SI: i inch = 25.4 mm, °C. = [('F)-32]/1.8, 1 pound per cubic foot = 16.02 kg/m3 a Mineral wool batts (blanket or board) shall have a minimum density of 8 pounds per cubic foot and have a minimum melting point of 1,500 °F Insulation material utilized as part of a clearance reduction system shall have a thermal conductivity of 1.0 (Btu in.) /(sq. ft. hr. °F) (0.144 W /m2 K) or less. Insulation board shall be of noncombustible material. or less. Where appliances are labeled for installation with clearances of greater than 12 inches (305 mm), the clearance reduction methods of Table 308.6 shall not reduce the clearance to less than 12 inches (305 mm). 308.8 Masonry chimneys. The clearance reduction methods specified in Table 308.6 shall not be utilized to reduce the clearances required for masonry chimneys as specified in Chap- ter 8 and the building code. 308.9 Chimney connector pass - throughs. The clearance re- duction methods specified in Table 308.6 shall not be utilized to reduce the clearances required for chimney connector pass - throughs as specified in Section 804 10.4 308.10 Masonry fireplaces. The clearance reduction methods specified in Table 308.6 shall not be utilized to reduce the clearances required for masonry fireplaces as specified in Chapter 8 and the building code. 308.11 Kitchen exhaust ducts. The clearance reduction meth- ods specified in Table 308.6 shall not be utilized to reduce the clearances required by Chapter 5 for kitchen exhaust ducts enclosed in a shaft. 26 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE REDUCED CLEARANCE WITH PROTECTION (inchesr Horizontal combustible assemblies located Horizontal combustible assemblies located beneath the heat source and all vertical above the heat source combustible assemblies Required clearance to combustibles without Required clearance to combustibles without TYPE OF PROTECTIVE ASSEMBLY° Protection (Inchear Protection (Incheer 36 18 9 6 36 19 9 6 Galvanized sheet metal, minimum nominal thickness of 0.024 inch (No. 24 Gage), mounted on 1 -inch glass fiber or mineral wool batt 18 9 5 3 12 6 3 3 reinforced with wire on the back, 1 inch off the combustible assembly Galvanized sheet metal, minimum nominal thickness of 0.024 inch (No. 24 Gage), spaced 1 inch off the 18 9 5 3 12 6 3 2 combustible assembly T\vo layers of galvanized sheet metal, minimum nominal thickness of 0.024 inch (No. 24 Gage), 18 9 5 3 12 6 3 3 having a 1 -inch airspace between layers, spaced 1 inch off the combustible assembly TWo layers of galvanized sheet metal, minimum nominal thickness of 0.024 inch (No. 24 Gage), 18 9 5 3 12 6 3 3 having 1 inch of fiberglass insulation between layers, spaced 1 inch off the combustible assembly 1/2 -inch inorganic insulating board, over 1 inch of fiberglass or mineral wool batt, against the 24 12 6 4 18 9 5 3 combustible assembly 31/2 -inch brick wall, spaced 1 inch off the combustible wall — — — — 12 6 6 6 31/2 -inch brick wall, against the combustible wall — — — — 24 12 6 5 For SI: i inch = 25.4 mm, °C. = [('F)-32]/1.8, 1 pound per cubic foot = 16.02 kg/m3 a Mineral wool batts (blanket or board) shall have a minimum density of 8 pounds per cubic foot and have a minimum melting point of 1,500 °F Insulation material utilized as part of a clearance reduction system shall have a thermal conductivity of 1.0 (Btu in.) /(sq. ft. hr. °F) (0.144 W /m2 K) or less. Insulation board shall be of noncombustible material. or less. Where appliances are labeled for installation with clearances of greater than 12 inches (305 mm), the clearance reduction methods of Table 308.6 shall not reduce the clearance to less than 12 inches (305 mm). 308.8 Masonry chimneys. The clearance reduction methods specified in Table 308.6 shall not be utilized to reduce the clearances required for masonry chimneys as specified in Chap- ter 8 and the building code. 308.9 Chimney connector pass - throughs. The clearance re- duction methods specified in Table 308.6 shall not be utilized to reduce the clearances required for chimney connector pass - throughs as specified in Section 804 10.4 308.10 Masonry fireplaces. The clearance reduction methods specified in Table 308.6 shall not be utilized to reduce the clearances required for masonry fireplaces as specified in Chapter 8 and the building code. 308.11 Kitchen exhaust ducts. The clearance reduction meth- ods specified in Table 308.6 shall not be utilized to reduce the clearances required by Chapter 5 for kitchen exhaust ducts enclosed in a shaft. 26 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE CHAPTER 4 VENTILATION SECTION 401 GENERAL 401.1 Scope. This chapter shal l govern the ventilation of spaces within a building intended to be occupied. This chapter does not govern the requirements for smoke control systems. 401.2 Ventilation required. Every occupied space shall be ventilated by natural means in accordance with Section 402 or by mechanical means in accordance with Section 403 401.3 When required. Ventilation shall be provided during the periods that the room or space is occupied. 401.4 Vestibule ventilation. Vestibule ventilation for smokeproof enclosures shall be in accordance with the building code. 401.5 Installation. The requirements of Chapter 3 shall apply to ventilation equipment. 401.6 Ducts. Ducts and plenums used in a ventilation system shall be constructed of approved materials, and braced, sup- ported, joined, assembled and sealed as required in Chapter 6 401.7 Opening location. Outside air exhaust and intake open- ings shall be located a minimum of 10 feet (3048 mm) from lot lines or buildings on the same lot. Where openings front on a street or public way, the distance shall be measured to the centerline of the street or public way Exception. Use Group R -3 401.7.1 Intake openings. Mechanical and gravity outside air intake openings shall be located a minimum of 10 feet (3048 mm) from any hazardous or noxious contaminant, such as vents, chimneys, plumbing vents, streets, alleys, parking lots and loading docks, except as otherwise specified in this code. Where a source of contaminant is located within 10 feet (3048 mm) of an intake opening, such opening shall be located a minimum of 2 feet (6 10 mm) below the contami- nant source. 401.7.2 Exhaust openings. Outside exhaust openings shall be located so as not to create a nuisance. Exhaust air shall not be directed onto walkways. 401.8 Outside opening protection. Air exhaust and intake openings located in exterior walls shall be protected with corrosion - resistant screens, louvers or grilles having a mini- mum opening size of 1/4 inch (6.4 mm) and a maximum opening size of 1/2 inch (12.7 mm), in any dimension. Openings shall be protected against local weather conditions. Outdoor air exhaust and intake openings shall meet the provisions for exterior wall opening protectives in accordance with the building code. 401.9 Contaminant sources. Stationary local sources produc- ing air -borne particulates, heat, odors, fumes, spray, vapors, smoke or gases in such quantities as to be irritating or injurious to health shall be provided with an exhaust system in accord- ance with Chapter 5 or a means of collection and removal of the contaminants. Exhaust required by this section shall dis- charge directly to an approved location at the exterior of the building. SECTION 402 NATURAL VENTILATION 402.1 General. Natural ventilation of an occupied space shall be through windows, doors, louvers or other openings to the outdoor air. 402.2 Ventilation area required. The minimum openable area to the outdoors shall be 4 percent of the floor area being ventilated. 402.2.1 Adjoining spaces. Where rooms and spaces without openings to the outdoors are ventilated through an adjoining room, the opening to the adjoining rooms shall be unob- structed and shall have an area not less than 8 percent of the floor area of the interior room or space, but not less than 25 square feet (2.3 m2). The minimum openable area to the outdoors shall be based on the total floor area being venti- lated. 402.2.2 Openings below grade. Where openings below grade provide required natural ventilation, the outside hori- zontal clear space measured perpendicular to the opening shall be one and one -half times the depth of the opening. The depth of the opening shall be measured from the average adjoining ground level to the bottom of the opening. 402.3 Contaminants exhausted. Naturally ventilated spaces having contaminants present shall comply with the require- ments of Section 401.9 402.3.1 Bathrooms. Rooms containing bathtubs, showers, spas and similar bathing fixtures shall be mechanically ven- tilated in accordance with Section 403 402.4 Openings on yards or courts. Where natural ventilation is to be provided by openings onto yards or courts, such yards or courts shall comply with the requirements of the building . code. 402.5 LP -gas distribution facilities. LP -gas distribution fa- cilities shall be ventilated in accordance with NFPA 58. SECTION 403 MECHANICAL VENTILATION 403.1 Ventilation system. Mechanical ventilation shall be provided by a method of supply air and return or exhaust air. The amount of supply air shall be approximately equal to the amount of return and exhaust air. The system shall not be prohibited from producing a negative or positive pressure. The ventilation system shall be designed and installed in accordance with Chapter 6 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 27 403.2 – TABLE 403.3 The required rate of ventilation shall be continuous during the period the building is occupied, except where otherwise stated. Ventilation supply systems shall deliver the required rate of supply air to the zone within the occupied space between 3 inches (76 mm) and 72 inches (1829 mm) above the floor and more than 2 feet (610 mm) from the enclosing walls. 403.2 Outdoor air required. The minimum ventilation rate of required outdoor air shall be determined in accordance with Section 403.3 Exception: Where the registered design professional dem- onstrates that an engineered ventilation system design will prevent the maximum concentration of contaminants from exceeding that obtainable by the rate of outdoor air ventila- tion determined in accordance with Section 403.3, the mini- mum required rate of outdoor air shall be reduced in accordance with such engineered system design. 403.2.1 Recirculation of air. The air required by Section 403.3 shall not be recirculated. Air in excess of that required by Section 403.3 shall not be prohibited from being recircu- lated as a component of supply air to building spaces, except that: 1 Ventilation air shall not be recirculated from one dwelling to another or to dissimilar occupancies. 2. Supply air to a swimming pool and associated deck areas shall not be recirculated unless such air is dehu- midified to maintain the relative humidity of the area at 60 percent or less and such recirculation is in accordance with Section 401.9 Air from this area shall not be recirculated to other spaces. 403.2.2 Transfer air. Except where recirculation from such spaces is prohibited by Table 403.3, air transferred from occupied spaces is not prohibited from serving as makeup air for required exhaust systems in such spaces as kitchens, baths, toilet rooms, elevators and smoking lounges. The amount of transfer air and exhaust air shall be sufficient to provide the flow rates as specified in Sections 403.3 and 403.3.1 403.3 Ventilation rate. The minimum amount of outdoor air required for ventilation shall be determined in accordance with Table 403.3 based on the occupancy of the space and the occupant load or other parameter as stated therein. The occu- pant load utilized for design of the ventilation system shall not be less than the number determined from the estimated maxi- mum occupant load rate indicated in Table 403.3 Ventilation rates for occupancies not represented in Table 403.3 shall be determined by an approved engineering analysis. Exception: The occupant load is not required to be deter- mined, based on the estimated maximum occupant load rate indicated in Table 403.3 where approved statistical data document the accuracy of an alternate anticipated occupant density TABLE 403.3 REQUIRED OUTDOOR VENTILATION AIR (continued) 28 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE ESTIMATED MAXIMUM OUTDOOR AIR OCCUPANT LOAD, [cubic feet per PERSONS PER minute Icfm) per 1,000 SQUARE person] UNLESS OCCUPANCY CLASSIFICATION FEET' NOTED' Correctional facilities Cells 20 20 Dining halls 100 15 Guard stations 40 15 Dry cleaners, laundries Coin - operated dry cleaner 20 15 Coin - operated laundries 20 15 Commercial dry cleaner 30 30 Commercial laundry 10 25 Storage, pick up 30 35 Education Auditoriums 150 15 Classroom 50 15 Corridors — 0.10 cfm/ft.z Laboratories 30 20 Libraries 20 15 Locker rooms — 0.50 cfm/ft.' Music rooms 50 1,5 Smoking lounges' 70 60 Training shops 30 20 Food and beverage service Bars, cocktail lounges 100 30 Cafeteria, fast food 100 20 Dining rooms 70 15 Kitchens (cooking)f 20 15 Hospitals, nursing and convalescent homes Autopsy rooms' — 0.50 cfm/ft.z Medical procedure rooms 20 15 Operating rooms 20 30 Patient rooms 10 25 Physical therapy 20 15 Recovery and ICU 20 15 Hotels, motels, resorts, dormitories Assembly rooms 120 15 Bathrooms' — 35 cfm per room Bedrooms — 30 cfm per room Conference rooms 50 20 Dormitory sleeping areas 20 15 Gambling casinos 120 30 Living rooms — 30 cfm per room Lobbies 30 15 Offices Conference rooms 50 20 Office spaces 7 20 Reception areas 60 20 Telecommunication centers and data entry 60 20 (continued) 28 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 403.3.1 -403.3.2 TABLE 403.3 - continued TABLE 403.3 - continued REQUIRED OUTDOOR VENTILATION AIR REQUIRED OUTDOOR VENTILATION AIR (continued) ESTIMATED MAXIMUM OUTDOOR AIR OCCUPANT LOAD, [cubic feet per PERSONS PER minute (cfm) per 1,000 SQUARE person) UNLESS OCCUPANCY CLASSIFICATION FEET" NOTED° Private dwellings, single and multiple 150 15 Living areas' Based upon 0.35 air changes Stages, studios number of per hour" or 15 Ticket booths bedrooms. cfm per person, Transportation First bedroom. 2; whichever is Platforms each additional greater Vehicles bedroom. 1 15 Kitchens - 100 cfm Workrooms intermittent or Bank vaults 5 25 cfm Darkrooms - continuous; Toilet rooms and - Mechanical bathrooms 10 exhaust capacity Pharmacy 20 of 50 cfm Photo studios 10 intermittent or Sports and amusement 20 cfm Ballrooms and discos 100 continuous Garages, separate for - 100 cfm per car each dwelling 70 25 Garages, common for - 1.5 cfm/ft.2 multiple unitsb - 0.50 cfm/ft.2 Public spaces 30 20 Corridors and utilities - 0.05 cfm/ft .2 Elevators - 1.00 cfm/ft., Locker and dressing - 0.5 cfm/ft.2 roomsb - 0.50 cfm/ft.' Toilet roomsb - 75 cfm per Repair garages, public water closet garages (enclosed)' - or urinal Smoking loun esb 70 60 Retail stores, sales floors and showroom floors Basement and street - 0.30 cfm/ft.' Dressing rooms - 0.20 cfm /ft.' Malls and arcades - 0.20 cfm/ft.' Shipping and receiving - 0.15 cfm/ft.' Smoking loungesb 70 60 Storage rooms - 0.15 cfm /ft.2 Upper floors - 0.20 cfm/ft.' Warehouses - 0.05 cfm /ft.2 Specialty shops Automotive service stations - 1.5 cfm/ft.2 Barber 25 15 Beauty 25 25 Clothiers, furniture - 0.30 cfm /ft.2 Florists 8 15 Hardware, drugs, fabrics 8 15 Pet shops - 1.00 cfm /ft.2 Reducing salons 20 15 Supermarkets 8 15 (continued) For SI: I cubic foot per minute = 0.0004719 m3 /s, 1 cubic foot per minute per square foot = 0.00508 in 3/(S m2), °C. = [(*F)- 32]/1.8. " Based upon net occupied heated or conditioned space. b Mechanical exhaust required and recirculation is prohibited. ` Spaces unheated or maintained below 50 °F are not covered by these require- ments unless the occupancy is continuous. d Public parking garages shall be ventilated in accordance with Section 403.5 where the ventilation system is operated by an automatic carbon monoxide detection device. ` Where the ventilation rate is expressed in cf n/R.2, such rate is based upon cubic feet per minute per square foot of the floor area being ventilated. f The sum of the outdoor and transfer air from adjacent spaces shall be sufficient to provide an exhaust rate of not less than 1.5 cubic feet per minute per square foot. 403.3.1 System operation. The minimum amount of outdoor air required to be supplied by the ventilation system during its operation shall be based on the rate per person indicated in Table 403.3 and the actual number of occupants present, or shall be determined in accordance with Section 403.3 403.3.2 Common ventilation system. Where spaces having different ventilation rate requirements are served by a com- mon ventilation system, the ratio of outdoor air to total supply air for the system shall be determined based on the space 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 29 ESTIMATED MAXIMUM OUTDOOR AIR OCCUPANT LOAD, [cubic feet per PERSONS PER minute (cfm) per 1,000 SQUARE person] UNLESS OCCUPANCY CLASSIFICATION FEET° NOTED* Theaters Auditoriums 150 15 Lobbies 150 20 Stages, studios 70 15 Ticket booths 60 20 Transportation Platforms 100 15 Vehicles 150 15 Waiting rooms 100 15 Workrooms Bank vaults 5 15 Darkrooms - 0.50 cfin/ft.2 Duplicating, printing - 0.50 cfm/ft.' Meat processing® 10 15 Pharmacy 20 15 Photo studios 10 15 Sports and amusement Ballrooms and discos 100 25 Bowling alleys (seating areas) 70 25 Game rooms 70 25 Ice arenas - 0.50 cfm/ft.2 Playing floors 30 20 (gymnasiums) Spectator areas 150 15 Swimming pools (pool and deck area) - 0.50 cfm/ft.' Storage Repair garages, public garages (enclosed)' - 1.5 cfm/ft.2 Warehouses 5 10 For SI: I cubic foot per minute = 0.0004719 m3 /s, 1 cubic foot per minute per square foot = 0.00508 in 3/(S m2), °C. = [(*F)- 32]/1.8. " Based upon net occupied heated or conditioned space. b Mechanical exhaust required and recirculation is prohibited. ` Spaces unheated or maintained below 50 °F are not covered by these require- ments unless the occupancy is continuous. d Public parking garages shall be ventilated in accordance with Section 403.5 where the ventilation system is operated by an automatic carbon monoxide detection device. ` Where the ventilation rate is expressed in cf n/R.2, such rate is based upon cubic feet per minute per square foot of the floor area being ventilated. f The sum of the outdoor and transfer air from adjacent spaces shall be sufficient to provide an exhaust rate of not less than 1.5 cubic feet per minute per square foot. 403.3.1 System operation. The minimum amount of outdoor air required to be supplied by the ventilation system during its operation shall be based on the rate per person indicated in Table 403.3 and the actual number of occupants present, or shall be determined in accordance with Section 403.3 403.3.2 Common ventilation system. Where spaces having different ventilation rate requirements are served by a com- mon ventilation system, the ratio of outdoor air to total supply air for the system shall be determined based on the space 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 29 403.4 —404.1 having the largest outdoor air requirement or shall be deter- mined in accordance with the following formula: Y= X (I +X —Z) where: Y = V,,/Vs, = corrected fraction of outdoor air in system supply X = V VS, = uncorrected fraction of outdoor air in system supply Z = V�IV,, = fraction of outdoor air in critical space. The critical space is that space with the greatest required fraction of outdoor air in the supply to this space. Vo, = corrected total outdoor airflow rate. V, = total supply flow rate, i.e., the sum of all supply for all branches of the system. V., = sum of outdoor airflow rates for all branches on system. Va = outdoor airflow rate required in critical spaces. V,, = supply flow rate in critical space. 403.4 Contaminants. Where the concentration of common contaminants in the outdoor air exceeds the levels indicated in Table 403 4, air filtration, other means for the removal of contaminants, or a combination of air filtration and other means of removal of contaminants shall be employed to bring the outdoor air quality into compliance with this section. 403.5 Public garages. Mechanical ventilation systems for pub- lic garages are not required to operate continuously where the system is arranged to operate automatically upon detection of a concentration of carbon monoxide of 25 parts per million by approved automatic detection devices. 403.5.1 Minimum ventilation. Automatic operation of the system shall not reduce the ventilation rate below 5 cfm (0.0024 m3 /s) per person and the system shall be capable of producing a ventilation rate of 1.5 cfin per square foot (0.0076 m' /s m2) of floor area. SECTION 404 VENTILATION OF UNINHABITED SPACES 404.1 General. Uninhabited spaces, such as crawl spaces and attics, shall be provided with natural ventilation openings as required by the building code or shall be provided with a mechanical exhaust and supply air system. The mechanical exhaust rate shall be not less than 0.02 cfin per square foot (0.00001 m3 /s in') of horizontal area and shall be automat- ically controlled to operate when the relative humidity in the space served exceeds 60 percent. TABLE 403.4 MAXIMUM CONTAMINANT CONCENTRATIONS IN OUTDOOR AIR e Not to be exceeded more than once per year. b Arithmetic mean. Compliance is attained where the number of days per calendar year with hourly average concentrations above 0.12 parts per million (235 micrograms/m3) does not exceed 1 d Particulate matter smaller than 10 micrometers (PM 10). 30 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL°CODE LONG TERM SHORT TERM CONTAMINANT Concentration averaging Concentration averaging Microgram per cubic meter Parts per million Time periods Microgram per cubic meter Parts per million Time periods Sulfur dioxide 80 0.03 1 year 365° 0.148 24 hours Particles° (PM 10) 50' — 1 year 150a — 24 hours Carbon monoxide — — — 40,0008 358 1 hour Carbon monoxide — — — 10,0008 98 8 hours Oxidants (ozone) — — — 235° 0.12° I hour Nitrogen dioxide 100 0.055 1 year — — — Lead 1.5 — 3 months — — — e Not to be exceeded more than once per year. b Arithmetic mean. Compliance is attained where the number of days per calendar year with hourly average concentrations above 0.12 parts per million (235 micrograms/m3) does not exceed 1 d Particulate matter smaller than 10 micrometers (PM 10). 30 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL°CODE CHAPTER 5 EXHAUST SYSTEMS SECTION 501 GENERAL 501.1 Scope. This chapter shall govern the design, construction and installation of mechanical exhaust systems, including dust, stock and refuse conveyor systems. 501.2 Independent system required. Single or combined me- chanical exhaust systems from bath, toilet, urinal, locker, serv- ice sink closets and similar rooms shall be independent of other exhaust systems. Kitchen exhaust shall be an independent system. 501.3 Outdoor discharge. The air removed by every mechani- cal exhaust system shall be discharged outdoors at a point where it will not cause a nuisance and from which it cannot again be readily drawn in by a ventilating system. Air shall not be exhausted into an attic or crawl space. Exception. Whole -house ventilation -type attic fans that discharge into the attic space of dwelling units having pri- vate attics shall not be prohibited. 501.4 Pressure equalization. Mechanical exhaust systems shall be sized to remove the quantity of the air required by this chapter to be exhausted. The system shall operate when air is required to be exhausted. Where mechanical exhaust is required in a room or space in other than occupancies in Use Group R -3, such space shall be maintained with a neutral or negative pressure. If a greater quantity of air is supplied by a mechanical ventilating supply system than is removed by a mechanical exhaust system for a room, adequate means shall be provided for the natural exit of the excess air supplied. If only a mechani- cal exhaust system is installed for a room or if a greater quantity of air is removed by a mechanical exhaust system than is supplied by a mechanical ventilating supply system for a room, adequate means shall be provided for the natural supply of the deficiency in the air supplied. 501.5 Ducts. Duct materials used in mechanical exhaust sys- tems shall be of sheet metal or other approved materials in accordance with this chapter and Chapter 6. Environmental air ducts not regulated by other provisions of this code shall comply with this section. Ducts shall comply with the provi- sions of Chapter 6. SECTION 502 REQUIRED SYSTEMS 502.1 General. An exhaust system shall be provided, main- tained and operated for all occupied areas where machines, vats, tanks, furnaces, forges, salamanders and other equipment and processes in such areas produce or throw off dust or particles sufficiently light to float in the air, or which emit heat, odors, fumes, spray, gas or smoke, in such quantities -so as to be irritating or injurious to health or safety Such exhaust system shall mechanically discharge the exhaust to the outside of the building. The total outdoor air makeup air supplied shall be equal in volume to that removed. 502.2 Exhaust location. The inlet to the exhaust system shall be located in the area of heaviest concentration of contaminants. 502.2.1 Fuel dispensing areas. The bottom of the air inlet or exhaust opening in fuel dispensing areas shall be located not more than 18 inches (457 mm) above the floor. 502.3 Equipment and service rooms. All equipment and system service rooms that house sources of odors, fumes, noxious gases, smoke, steam, dust, spray or other contaminants, shall be designed and constructed so as to prevent spreading of such contaminants to other occupied parts of the building. 502.4 Spray- painting and dipping rooms. Rooms or booths utilized for spray painting or dipping shall have a mechanical exhaust system that complies with the fire prevention code and NFPA 33 for spray painting or NFPA 34 for dipping. The exhaust system shall have automatic controls to ensure its operation while spray painting or dipping is being conducted. 502.5 Motion picture projectors. Motion picture projectors shall be exhausted in accordance with Section 502.5 1 or 502.5.2. 502.5.1 Projectors with an exhaust discharge. Projectors equipped with an exhaust discharge shall be directly con- nected to a mechanical exhaust system. The exhaust system shall operate at an exhaust rate as indicated by the manufac- turer's installation instructions. 502.5.2 Projectors without exhaust connection. Projec- tors without an exhaust connection shall have contaminants exhausted through a mechanical exhaust system. The ex- haust rate for electric arc projectors shall be a minimum of 200 cubic feet per minute (cfin) (0.09 m' /s) per lamp. The exhaust rate for xenon projectors shall be a minimum of 300 cfin (0 14 m3 /s) per lamp. The xenon projector exhaust shall be at a rate such that the exterior temperature of the lamp housing shall not exceed 130T (54 °C.). The lamp and projection room exhaust systems, if combined or inde- pendent, shall not be interconnected with any other exhaust or return system within the building. 502.6 Dry- cleaning equipment. The exhaust system for Type I and Type Il systems shall provide a complete and continuous air change at least once every 3 minutes in dry- cleaning and dry- dyeing rooms. The system shall be provided with means for remote control and shall operate automatically when any dry- cleaning or dry- dyeing equipment is in use. Dry- cleaning equipment shall be provided with an exhaust system capable of maintaining a minimum air velocity of 100 feet per minute (0.5 m /s) across the face of the loading door 502.7 LP -gas distribution facilities. LP -gas distribution fa- cilities shall be ventilated in accordance with NFPA 58. 502.8 Hazardous materials. All structures in which hazardous materials are stored shall be provided with a mechanical ex- 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 31 506.12-607.2 SM-12 :Duct enclosure. A .grease duct :serving a Type 7 hood that .penetrates:a ceiling, wall or floor shall be enclosed from the point:of penetration to the outlet terminal. A duct shall only penetrate exterior walls at ,locations where unprotected open- ings are permitted by the building code. Ducts shall be enclosed in, accordance -with thebuilding code requirements for shaft cnstruction. The duct ,enclosure shall be sealed around the duct at the . pomt of;penetration and vented to the outside of the building through the use of weather- protected openings. The enclosure shall be separated from the duct by a minimum of 6 inches �(152,mm) and a maximum of 12 inches (305 imm) .and shall serve a,single:grease exhaust duct system. � ;Exception: 'The `shaft enclosure provisions* of Section 506.12 shall not be required where a :duct penetration is protected with a through- penetration protection 'system ,rested in accordance with ASTM E 814,having an "F" ,and r "T" rating equal to the fire - resistance rating of the assembly m , being penetrated and where the surface of the duct is con - tinuously covered on all sides ,from the point :at which .the duct. penetrates a ceiling wall or -floor to the outlet terminal with a listed and labeled material, system, method of con - A struction or product. % _ t,kq, 50613 Fimvesistive access opening. Where cleanout openings are 11 ducts within a°,fire- resistance -rated enclosure , access openings shall be provided in the enclosure at each cleanout point. Access openings shall be equipped with tight - fittmg sliding 'or _hinged :doors -that are equal in, firefesistive protection tothat of the Shaft or enclosure. 506.14 Airvelocity. Grease duct systems serving a Type I hood shall'te�'designed and installed so as to provide an air velocity within theaduct system of not less than 1,500 feet per minute (7.6•mLs) and not greater than 2,500 feet per minute (13 m/s). 506:15 Separation of,grease,duct system. Aseparate grease duct;system.shall be provided for each Type I:hood. A separate grease-duct system 'is not required where all of the following conditions are met: ml All interconnected hoods are located within the same iY.2: All interconnected hoods are located within the :same ;room or in adjoining rooms; and ,(; 3,ijnterconnecting ducts -do not penetrate assemblies re- quire d to be fine- resistance rated. 506:16 Uearsnces. 'Exposed grease duct ,systems serving a Type I hood shall have a clearance from .unprotected combus- tibie*constrmction of not less "than 18 inches (457 mrri) or not less than 3.inches (76 mm), where the combustible construction is protected with a noncombustible material having a minimum 1': hour fire- resistance rating. ' 506.17:Exhaust outlets. Exhaust.outlets.for grease ducts serv- ing commercial food heat - processing equipment shall extend through the roof unless otherwise approved by the code official. The termination of such extension shall be not less than 2 feet (610',mm) above the roof surface, not less than 10 feet (3048 nt n) librizontally-from'parts -othee -same -or contiguous build- ings, adjacent property lines and air intakes openings into any building, and shall be located not less than 10 feet (304"$ min) above the adjoining ,grade level. " Exceptions: 1 Exhaust outlets.shall terminate not less .than 5 feet . (1524 mm) from an adjacent building, adjacent prop- erty line and air intake opening into a building where ;air-from the exhaust outlet discharges away :from such locations. 'I. Where approved by the code official, this section shall 'not japply pto 'engineered air - recovery systems that 'recirculate the exhaust to the room in which the hood is located. F SECTION 507 .COMMERCIAL KITCHEN HOODS.+, 507A Where required. Floods shall be installed at or above all commercial food 'heat processing equipment. .Included :are deep fat fivers; broilers; f y-grills; steam jacketed kettles; hot- top ranges, ovens; barbecues; rotisseries; :dishwashing .ma- chines and similar_equipment. For the purpose of this section, a food- processing establishment shall include any building or a portion thereof used for the processing of food. i Exception: Food .heat - processing equipment installed within a dwelling unit. 507.1.1 Factory-built commercial, kitchen hoods. Fac- tory- built commercial kitchen hoods shall comply with Sec- tions 507 11 l., 567 1 1:2 and 507 15 •x507.1.1,1 Approval .of hoods. Listed and labeled factory- ;:built :commercial exhaust hoods tested in accordance with UL 710 shall be installed ±in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions. The exhaust hood shall be designed for the type of cooking appliance served, and shall be .designed to confine cooking vapors and residues within the hood. 507.1:1.2 Other type hoods. Factory=built commercial exhaust hoods that are not tested in accordance with UL 710 shall conform to all of the requirements in ,this chapter for commercial exhaust hoods. $07.1.2 Type I and Type II hoods. A Type 1hood shall be installed at or above all commercial food heat - processing equipment that produces grease vapors or smoke. A Type I or Type II hood shall be installed at or above all commercial food heat- processing equipment that produces 'fumes, steam, odor or heat. '507.1.3 "Domestic cooking appliances used for .commer- cial purposes. Domestic cooking appliances utilized for commercial ;purposes shall be provided with 'Type I or'II „hoods as required for the type of equipment and processes in accordance with Sections 507 1 and 507 1.2. .507.1.4 Solid fuel. Type I hoods for use over solid fuel -burn- ,ing cooking equipment shall discharge to an exhaust system that is independent of other exhaust systems. _507.2-Fuel-burning •appliances.—Where vented fuel-burning . appliances are'located in the same room or space as the hood, 34 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE provisions shall be made to prevent the hood system from interfering with normal operation of the appliance vent. 5073 Materials. Type I and it hoods shall be constructed of materials conforming to Section 507.3 1 or 507.3.2 or other approved material. 5073.1 Galvanized steel. Galvanized steel for Type I hood construction shall have a minimum thickness of 0.03 inch (0.8 mm) (No. 22 Gage). Galvanized steel for Type If hood construction shall have a minimum thickness of 0.024 inch (0.6 mm) (No. 24 Gage). 5073.2 Stainless steel and copper. Stainless steel for the construction of hoods shall have a minimum thickness of 0.03 inch (0.8 mm) (No. 22 Gage). Copper for the construc- tion of hoods shall be of copper sheets weighing not less than 24 ounces per square foot (7 kg/m2). 507.4 Supports. Hoods shall be secured in place by noncom- bustible supports. 507.5 Joints and seams. External joints and seams shall be welded liquid tight. 507.6 Cleaning and grease gutters. A hood shall be designed to provide for thorough cleaning of the entire hood. Grease gutters shall drain to an approved collection receptacle that is fabricated, designed and installed to be accessible for cleaning. 507 7 Clearances for Type I hood. A Type I hood shall be installed with a clearance to combustibles of not less than 18 inches (457 mm), or not less than 3 inches (76 mm) where the combustible material is protected with noncombustible materi- als having a minimum 1 -hour fire - resistance rating on the hood side. Hoods located less than 12 inches (305 mm) from a ceiling or wall shall be flashed solidly with materials specified in Sections 507.3 1 and 507.3.2 or noncombustible materials hav- ing a minimum I -hour fire - resistance rating. 507.8 Hoods penetrating a ceiling. Type I hoods or portions thereof penetrating a ceiling, wall or furred space shall comply with all the requirements of Section 506.12. 507.9 Grease filters. Type I hoods shall be equipped with approved grease filters designed for the specific purpose. Grease - collecting equipment shall be accessible for cleaning. The lowest edge of a grease filter located above the cooking surface shall be not less than the height specified in Table 507.9 TABLE 507.9 MINIMUM DISTANCE BETWEEN THE LOWEST EDGE OF A GREASE FILTER AND THE COOKING SURFACE OR THE HEATING SURFACE For SI: I foot = 304.8 mm. 507.9.1 Criteria. Filters shall be of such size, type and arrangement as will permit the required quantity of air to 507.3 — 507 12.1 pass through such units at rates not exceeding those for which the filter or unit was designed or approved. Filter units shall be installed in frames or holders so as to be readily removable without the use of separate tools, unless designed and installed to be cleaned in place and the system is equipped for such cleaning in place. Removable filter units shall be of a size that will allow them to be cleaned in a dishwashing machine or pot sink. Filter units shall be ar- ranged in place or provided with drip- intercepting devices to prevent grease or other condensate from dripping into food or on food preparation surfaces. 507.9.2 Mounting position. Filters shall be installed at an angle greater than 45 degrees (0 79 rad) from the horizontal and shall be equipped with a drip tray beneath the lower edge of the filters. 50710 Canopy size and location. The inside edge of canopy - type commercial cooking hoods shall overhang or extend a horizontal distance of not less than 6 inches (152 mm) beyond the edge of the cooking surface, on all open sides. The vertical distance between the lip of the hood and the cooking surface shall not exceed 4 feet (1219 mm). 50711 Noncanopy size and location. Noncanopy -type hoods shall be located a maximum of 3 feet (914 mm) above the cooking surface. The edge of the hood shall be set back a maximum of 1 foot (305 mm) from the edge of the cooking surface. 507 12 Capacity of hoods. Canopy -type commercial cooking hoods shall exhaust a minimum quantity of air (Q) determined in accordance with this section and Sections 507 12.1 through 50712.4 where: A = the horizontal surface area of the hood, in square feet (m2 D = distance in feet (mm) between the lower lip of the hood and the cooking surface. P = that part of the perimeter of the hood that is open, in feet (mm). Q = quantity of air, in cubic feet per minute (L /s). Where cooking equipment is installed back -to -back and is covered by a common island -type hood, the airflow required shall be calculated using the formula for a minimum of three sides exposed. Airflow requirements for Type II hoods shall be in accordance with the requirements for low - temperature appli- ance hoods. 50712.1 Solid fuel- burning cooking equipment. The minimum airflow for exhaust systems used for solid fuel - burning cooking equipment, grease- burning charbroilers and similar equipment shall be: Number of exposed sides Formula For SI. 4 (island or central hood) Q = 300A Q = 0 46A 3 or less Q = 200A Q = 0.31A Alternate formula Q= l OOPD Q = 0 16PD 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 35 HEIGHT ABOVE COOKING SURFACE TYPE OF COOKING EQUIPMENT (feet) Without exposed flame 2 Exposed flame and burners 2 Exposed charcoal and 3 �/s charbroil -type For SI: I foot = 304.8 mm. 507.9.1 Criteria. Filters shall be of such size, type and arrangement as will permit the required quantity of air to 507.3 — 507 12.1 pass through such units at rates not exceeding those for which the filter or unit was designed or approved. Filter units shall be installed in frames or holders so as to be readily removable without the use of separate tools, unless designed and installed to be cleaned in place and the system is equipped for such cleaning in place. Removable filter units shall be of a size that will allow them to be cleaned in a dishwashing machine or pot sink. Filter units shall be ar- ranged in place or provided with drip- intercepting devices to prevent grease or other condensate from dripping into food or on food preparation surfaces. 507.9.2 Mounting position. Filters shall be installed at an angle greater than 45 degrees (0 79 rad) from the horizontal and shall be equipped with a drip tray beneath the lower edge of the filters. 50710 Canopy size and location. The inside edge of canopy - type commercial cooking hoods shall overhang or extend a horizontal distance of not less than 6 inches (152 mm) beyond the edge of the cooking surface, on all open sides. The vertical distance between the lip of the hood and the cooking surface shall not exceed 4 feet (1219 mm). 50711 Noncanopy size and location. Noncanopy -type hoods shall be located a maximum of 3 feet (914 mm) above the cooking surface. The edge of the hood shall be set back a maximum of 1 foot (305 mm) from the edge of the cooking surface. 507 12 Capacity of hoods. Canopy -type commercial cooking hoods shall exhaust a minimum quantity of air (Q) determined in accordance with this section and Sections 507 12.1 through 50712.4 where: A = the horizontal surface area of the hood, in square feet (m2 D = distance in feet (mm) between the lower lip of the hood and the cooking surface. P = that part of the perimeter of the hood that is open, in feet (mm). Q = quantity of air, in cubic feet per minute (L /s). Where cooking equipment is installed back -to -back and is covered by a common island -type hood, the airflow required shall be calculated using the formula for a minimum of three sides exposed. Airflow requirements for Type II hoods shall be in accordance with the requirements for low - temperature appli- ance hoods. 50712.1 Solid fuel- burning cooking equipment. The minimum airflow for exhaust systems used for solid fuel - burning cooking equipment, grease- burning charbroilers and similar equipment shall be: Number of exposed sides Formula For SI. 4 (island or central hood) Q = 300A Q = 0 46A 3 or less Q = 200A Q = 0.31A Alternate formula Q= l OOPD Q = 0 16PD 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 35 50712.2 —509.3 $07.12.2 High temperature. The minimum airflow for 'type 1 hoods used for high - temperature appliances such as deep -fat fryers shall be determined as follows. Number of exposed sides Formula For SI: 4 (island or central hood) Q = 150A Q = 0.23A 3 or less Q = 100A Q = 0.16A Alternate formula Q = 100PD Q = 0.16PD 507.12.3 Medium temperature. The minimum airflow for Type I hoods used for medium - temperature appliances such as rotisseries, grills and ranges shall be determined as fol- lows: Number of exposed sides Formula For SI: 4 (island or central hood) Q = 100A Q = 0.16A 3.or:less Q = 75A Q = 0.12A Alternate formula Q = 50PD Q = 0.08PD 507.12.4 Low temperature. The minimum airflow for Type I hoods used for low- temperature appliances such as me- ditim -to -low- temperature ranges, roasters, roasting ovens, pastry ovens and equipment approved for use under a Type R hood, such as pizza ovens, shall be determined as follows: Number of exposed sides Formula For SI: 4 (island or central hood) Q = 75A Q = 0.12A 3 orIess Q = 50A Q = 0.08A Alternate formula Q = 50PD Q = 0.08PD 507.13 Capacity for noncanopy hoods. In addition to all other requirements for hoods specified in this section, the volume of air exhausting through a noncanopy -type hood to the duct system shall be not less than 300 cfm per linear foot [0.5 m3 /(s m)] of cooking equipment. 507.14 Exhaust outlet. Exhaust outlets located within the hood shall be located so as to optimize the capture of particulate matter. Each outlet shall serve not more than a 12 -foot (3658 mm) section of hood. 507.15 Performance test. A performance test shall be con- ducted upon completion and before final approval of the instal- lation of a ventilation system serving commercial food heat - processing equipment. The test shall verify the rate of airflow and proper operation as specified in this chapter. The permit holder shall furnish the necessary test equipment and devices required to perform the tests. SECTION 508 MAKEUP AIR 508.1 Makeup air. Makeup air shall be supplied during the operation of the kitchen exhaust system. The amount of makeup air supplied shall be approximately equal to the amount of exhaust air. The makeup air shall not reduce the effectiveness of the exhaust system. Makeup air shall be provided by gravity or mechanical means or both. Exception: This section shall not apply to dwelling units 508.1.1 Makeup air temperature. The temperature differ- ential between the makeup air and the air in the conditioned space shall not exceed 10 °F (6 °C.). Exceptions: 1 Makeup air that is part of the air- conditioning system. 2. Makeup air that does not decrease the comfort conditions of the occupied space. SECTION 509 FIRE SUPPRESSION SYSTEMS 509.1 Where required. An approved automatic fire- extin- guishing system shall be provided for the protection of com- mercial -type cooking equipment, including the cooking surfaces of appliances such as deep fat fryers; griddles; upright broilers; charbroilers; range tops and grills. Protection shall also be provided for ventilating hoods, ducts and the enclosed plenum space within the hood above filters. Exception: Steam kettles, steam tables and equipment that does not create grease -laden vapors are not required to be protected by an automatic fire - extinguishing system. 509.2 Type of system. The automatic fire suppression system shall be of a type recognized for protection of commercial cooking equipment and exhaust systems of the type and ar- rangement protected. Each preengineered automatic dry- and wet - chemical extinguishing system shall be tested in accord- ance with UL 300 and listed and labeled for its intended application. Other types of extinguishing systems, including engineered dry- and wet - chemical fire- extinguishing systems, shall be listed and labeled for specific use as protection for commercial cooking operations. The system shall be installed in accordance with this code, its listing and the manufacturer's installation instructions. Automatic fire suppression systems of the following types shall be installed in accordance with the referenced standard indicated. I Carbon - dioxide extinguishing system, NFPA 12. 2. Automatic sprinkler system, NFPA 13 3. Foam -water sprinkler system or foam -water spray sys- tems, NFPA 16. 4 Dry- chemical extinguishing systems, NFPA 17 5 Wet - chemical extinguishing systems, NFPA 17A. 509.3 System actuation. Each fire - extinguishing system shall have both automatic and manual actuation means. A manual actuation device shall be located at or near a means of egress from the cooking area, a minimum of 10 feet (3048 mm) and a maximum of 20 feet (6096 mm) from the kitchen exhaust system. The manual actuation device shall be located a mini- mum of 41/2 feet (1372 mm) and a maximum of 5 feet (1524 mm) above the floor. The manual actuation shall require a maximum force of 40 pounds (178 N) and a maximum move- ment of 14 inches (356 mm) to actuate the fire suppression system. Exception: Automatic sprinkler systems shall not be re- quired to be equipped with manual actuation means. 36 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 509.4 System interconnection. The actuation of the fire sup- pression system shall automatically shut down the fuel or electrical power supply to the cooking equipment. The fuel and electrical power supply reset shall be manual. 509.5 Nozzles. Access shall be provided to all nozzles or sprinklers in the fire- extinguishing system for the purposes of inspection and maintenance. 509.6 System test and inspection. The fire- extinguishing sys- tem shall be acceptance - tested in accordance with the fire prevention code and installation standard listed in Section 509.2, and with the manufacturer's instructions. SECTION 510 HAZARDOUS EXHAUST SYSTEMS 510.1 General. This section shall govern the design and con- struction of duct systems for hazardous exhaust and shall determine where such systems are required. Hazardous exhaust systems are systems designed to capture and control hazardous emissions generated from product handling or processes, and convey those emissions to the outdoors. Hazardous emissions include flammable vapors, gases, fumes, mists or dusts, and volatile or airborne materials posing a health hazard, such as toxic or corrosive materials. For the purposes of this section, the health- hazard rating of materials shall be as specified in NFPA 704 510.2 Where required. A hazardous exhaust system shall be required wherever one of the following conditions exist: 1 A flammable vapor, gas, fume, mist or dust is present in concentrations exceeding 25 percent of the lower flam- mability limit of the substance for the, expected room temperature. 2. A vapor, gas, fume, mist or dust with a health- hazard rating of 4 is present in any concentration. 3 A vapor, gas, fume, mist or dust with a health- hazard rating of 1, 2 or 3 is present in concentration exceeding 1 percent of the median lethal concentration of the sub- stance for acute inhalation toxicity 510.3 Design and operation. The design and operation of the exhaust system shall be such that flammable contaminants are diluted in noncontaminated air to maintain concentrations in the exhaust flow at below 25 percent of the contaminant's lower flammability limit. 510.4 Independent system. Hazardous exhaust systems shall be independent of other types of exhaust systems. Incompatible materials, as defined in the fire prevention code, shall not be exhausted through the same hazardous exhaust system. Haz- ardous exhaust systems shall not share common shafts with other duct systems, except where such systems are hazardous exhaust systems originating in the same fire area. Contaminated air shall not be recirculated to occupied areas unless the contaminants have been removed. Air contaminated with explosive or flammable vapors, fumes or dusts; flammable or toxic gases, or radioactive material shall not be recirculated. 510.5 Design. Systems for removal of vapors, gases and smoke shall be designed by the constant velocity or equal friction 509.4 - 510.6.2 methods. Systems conveying particulate matter shall be de- signed employing the constant velocity method. 510.5.1 Balancing. Systems conveying explosive or radio- active materials shall be prebalanced by duct sizing. Other systems shall be balanced by duct sizing with balancing devices, such as dampers. Dampers provided to balance airflow shall be provided with securely fixed minimum -po- sition blocking devices to prevent restricting flow below the required volume or velocity 510.5.2 Emission control. The design of the system shall be such that the emissions are confined to the area in which they are generated by air currents, hoods or enclosures and shall be exhausted by a duct system to a safe location or treated by removing contaminants. 510.5.3 Hoods required. Hoods and enclosures shall be used when contaminants originate in a concentrated area. The design of the hood or enclosure shall be such that air currents created by the exhaust systems will capture the contaminants and transport them directly to the exhaust duct. 510.5.4 Contaminant capture and dilution. The velocity and circulation of air in work areas shall be such that contaminants are captured by an airstream at the area where the emissions are generated and conveyed into a product - conveying duct system. Mixtures within work areas where contaminants are generated shall be diluted below 25 per- cent of their lower explosive limit (LEL) or lower flamma- bility limit (LFL) with air which does not contain other contaminants. 510.5.5 Makeup air. Makeup air shall be provided to re- plenish air exhausted by the ventilation system. Makeup -air intakes shall be located so as to avoid recirculation of contaminated air within enclosures. 510.5.6 Clearances. The minimum clearance between hoods and combustible construction shall be the clearance required by the duct system. 510.5.7 Ducts. Ducts conveying explosives or flammable vapors, fumes or dusts shall extend directly to the exterior of the building without entering other spaces. Exhaust ducts shall not extend into or through ducts and plenums. Exception. Ducts conveying vapor or fumes having flammable constituents less than 25 percent oftheir lower flammability limit shall not be prohibited from passing through other spaces. 510.6 Penetrations. Penetrations of structural elements by a hazardous exhaust system shall conform to Sections 510.6.1 through 510.6.4 510.6.1 Floors. Hazardous exhaust systems that penetrate a floor /ceiling assembly shall be enclosed in a fire- resistance- rated shaft constructed in accordance with the building code. 510.6.2 Wall assemblies. Hazardous exhaust duct systems that penetrate fire- resistance -rated wall assemblies shall be enclosed in fire- resistance -rated construction from the point of penetration to the outlet terminal, except where the inte- rior of the duct is equipped with an approved automatic fire suppression system. Ducts shall be enclosed in accordance 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 37 510.6.3 — 611 1.6.2 with the building code requirements for shaft construction and such enclosure shall have a minimum fire- resistance- rating of not less than the highest fire- resistance -rated wall assembly penetrated. 510.6.3 Fire walls. Ducts shall not penetrate a fire wall. 510.6.4 Fire dampers. Fire dampers are not required at penetrations of fire- resistance -rated assemblies. 510.7 Suppression required. Ducts shall be protected with an approved automatic fire suppression system installed in accord- ance with the building code. Exception: An approved automatic fire suppression system shall not be required in ducts conveying materials, fumes, mists and vapors that are nonflammable and noncombusti- ble. 510.8 Duct construction. Ducts utilized to convey hazardous exhaust shall be constructed of approved G90 galvanized sheet steel, with a minimum nominal thickness as specified in Table 510.8. Nonmetallic ducts utilized in systems exhausting nonflam- mable corrosive fumes or vapors shall be listed and labeled. Nonmetallic duct shall have a flame spread rating of 25 or less and a smoke - developed rating of 50 or less, as tested in accord- ance with ASTM E 84 Ducts shall be approved for installation in such an exhaust system. Where the products being exhausted are detrimental to the duct material, the ducts shall be constructed of alternative materials that are compatible with the exhaust. TABLE 610.8 MINIMUM DUCT THICKNESS For Sl: 1 inch = 25 4 mm. 510.8.1 Duct joints. Ducts shall be made tight with lap joints having a minimum lap of 1 inch (25 mm). 510.8.2 Clearance to combustibles. Ducts shall have a clearance to combustibles in accordance with Table 510.8.2. Exhaust gases having temperatures in excess of 600 °F (316 °C.) shall be exhausted to a chimney in accordance with Section 511.2. 510.8.3 Explosion relief. Systems exhausting potentially explosive mixtures shall be protected with an approved explosion relief system or by an approved explosion preven- tion system designed and installed in accordance with NFPA 69 An explosion relief system shall be designed to minimize the structural and mechanical damage resulting from an explosion or deflagration within the exhaust system An explosion prevention system shall be designed to prevent an explosion or deflagration from occurring. 510.9 Supports. Ducts shall be supported at intervals not exceeding 10 feet (3048 mm). Supports shall be constructed of noncombustible material. TABLE 510.8.2 CLEARANCE TO COMBUSTIBLES TYPE OF EXHAUST OR TEMPERATURE OF EXHAUST ('F.) MINIMUM NOMINAL THICKNESS Less than 100 Nonabrasive/ 100 -600 DIAMETER OF DUCT OR MAXIMUM Nonabrasive abrasive Abrasive SIDE DIMENSION materials materials materials 0.028 inch 0.034 inch 0.040 inch 0 - 8 inches (No. 24 Gage) (No. 22 Gage) (No. 20 Gage) 0.034 inch 0.040 inch 0.052 inch 9 - 18 inches (No. 22 Gage) (No. 20 Gage) (No. 18 Gage) 0.040 inch 0.052 inch 0.064 inch 19 - 30 inches (No. 20 Gage) (No. 18 Gage) (No. 16 Gage) 0.052 inch 0.064 inch 0.079 inch Over 30 inches (No. 18 Gage) (No. 16 Gage) (No. 14 Gage) For Sl: 1 inch = 25 4 mm. 510.8.1 Duct joints. Ducts shall be made tight with lap joints having a minimum lap of 1 inch (25 mm). 510.8.2 Clearance to combustibles. Ducts shall have a clearance to combustibles in accordance with Table 510.8.2. Exhaust gases having temperatures in excess of 600 °F (316 °C.) shall be exhausted to a chimney in accordance with Section 511.2. 510.8.3 Explosion relief. Systems exhausting potentially explosive mixtures shall be protected with an approved explosion relief system or by an approved explosion preven- tion system designed and installed in accordance with NFPA 69 An explosion relief system shall be designed to minimize the structural and mechanical damage resulting from an explosion or deflagration within the exhaust system An explosion prevention system shall be designed to prevent an explosion or deflagration from occurring. 510.9 Supports. Ducts shall be supported at intervals not exceeding 10 feet (3048 mm). Supports shall be constructed of noncombustible material. TABLE 510.8.2 CLEARANCE TO COMBUSTIBLES TYPE OF EXHAUST OR TEMPERATURE OF EXHAUST ('F.) CLEARANCE TO COMBUSTIBLES (Inches) Less than 100 1 100 -600 12 Flammable vapors 6 For SI: °C. = [(*F)- 32]/1.8, 1 inch = 25 4 mm. i SECTION 511 DUST, STOCK AND REFUSE CONVEYOR SYSTEMS 511.1 Dust, stock and refuse conveyor systems. Dust, stock and refuse conveyor systems shall comply with the provisions of Section 510 and Sections 511 1 1 through 511 1.5.2. 511.1.1 Collectors and separators. Cyclone collectors and separators and associated supports shall be constructed of noncombustible materials and shall be located on the exte- rior of the building or structure. A collector or separator shall not be located nearer than 10 feet (3048 mm) to combustible construction or to an unprotected wall or floor opening, unless the collector is provided with a metal vent pipe that extends above the highest part of any roof within a distance of 30 feet (9144 mm). 511.1.2 Discharge pipe. Discharge piping shall conform to the requirements for ducts, including clearances required for high -heat appliances, as contained in this code. A delivery pipe from a cyclone collector shall, not convey refuse di- rectly into the firebox of a boiler, furnace, dutch oven, refuse burner, incinerator or other appliance. 511.1.3 Vents for exhaust conveyor systems. An exhaust system shall be vented to the outside of the building either directly by flue, or indirectly through the separator, bin or vault into which the system discharges. 511.1.4 Spark protection. The outlet of an open -air vent shall be protected with an approved metal or other noncom- bustible screen or by other approved means to prevent the entry of sparks. ` 511.1.5 Explosion relief vents. A safety or explosion relief vent shall be provided on all systems that convey combus- tible refuse or stock of an explosive nature, in accordance with the requirements of the building code. 511.1.5.1 Screens. Where a screen is installed in a safety relief vent, the screen shall be so attached so as to permit ready release under the explosion pressure. 511.1.5.2 Hoods. The relief vent shall be provided with an approved noncombustible cowl or hood, or with a counterbalanced relief valve or cover arranged to prevent the escape of hazardous materials, gases or liquids. 38 1 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 511.2 Exhaust outlets. Outlets for exhaust that exceed 600 °F (315 °C.) shall be designed as a chimney in accordance with Table 511.2. The termination point for exhaust ducts discharging to the atmosphere shall not be less than the following: 1 Ducts conveying explosive or flammable vapors, fumes or dusts: 30 feet (9144 mm) from property line; 10 feet (3048 mm) from openings into the building; 6 feet (1829 mm) from exterior walls or roofs, 30 feet (9144 mm) from combustible walls or openings into the building which are in the direction of the exhaust discharge; and 10 feet (3048 mm) above adjoining grade. 2. Other product- conveying outlets. 10 feet (3048 mm) from property line; 3 feet (914 mm) from exterior wall or roof, 10 feet (3048 mm) from openings into the building; and 10 feet (3048 mm) above adjoining grade. 3 Environmental air duct exhaust: 3 feet (914 mm) from property line; and 3 feet (914 mm) from openings into the building. SECTION 512 SUBSLAB SOIL EXHAUST SYSTEMS 512.1 General. When a subslab soil exhaust system is pro- vided, the duct shall conform to the requirements of this section. 512.2 Materials. Subslab soil exhaust system duct material shall be air duct material listed and labeled to the requirements of UL 181 for Class O air ducts, or any of the following piping materials that comply with the plumbing code as building sanitary drainage and vent pipe: cast iron, galvanized steel, 511.2 — 512.5 brass or copper pipe; copper tube of a weight not less than that of copper drainage tube, Type DWV, plastic piping. 512.3 Grade. Exhaust system ducts shall not be trapped and shall have a minimum slope of one -eighth unit vertical in 12 units horizontal (1- percent slope). 512.4 Termination. Subslab soil exhaust system ducts shall extend through the roof and terminate at least 6 inches (152 mm) above the roof and at least 10 feet (3048 mm) from any operable openings or air intake. 512.5 Identification. Subslab soil exhaust ducts shall be per- manently identified within each floor level by means of a tag, stencil or other approved marking. TABLE 511.2 CONSTRUCTION, CLEARANCE AND TERMINATION REQUIREMENTS FOR SINGLE -WALL METAL CHIMNEYS For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, °C. = [(*F)- 321/1.8. ° Lining shall extend from bottom to top of outlet. b Lining shall extend from 24 inches below connector to 24 feet above. ° Clearance shall be as specified by the design engineer and shall have sufficient clearance from buildings and structures to avoid overheating combustible materials (maximum 160 °F ). 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 39 MINIMUM THICKNESS TERMINATION CLEARANCE Above any part of Above roof building within Combustible construction Noncombustible opening (feet) (Inches) construction 10 25 50 Interior Inst. Exterior Inst. Interior Inst Exterior Inst. CHIMNEYS SERVING wall Lining (feet) Low -heat appliances 0.127" (1,000 °F (Mfrs. Std. None 3 2 — — 18 6 operating - 1,400 °F 10 Ga) temp. maximum) Up to 18" diameter, 2" Over 18" diameter, 4" Medium -heat Up to 18 "� appliances (2,000'F 0 127, dia. — 21/2" maximum)° (Mfrs. Std. Over 18" 41/2" 10 — 10 — 36 24 10 Ga.) on 41/2" bed High -heat appliances 0.127' 4�z" laid on (Over 2,000 °F )° (Mfrs. Std. 41 /2" bed 20 — — 20 See Footnote c 10 Ga.) For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, °C. = [(*F)- 321/1.8. ° Lining shall extend from bottom to top of outlet. b Lining shall extend from 24 inches below connector to 24 feet above. ° Clearance shall be as specified by the design engineer and shall have sufficient clearance from buildings and structures to avoid overheating combustible materials (maximum 160 °F ). 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 39 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE ._r,], CHAPTER 6 DUCT SYSTEMS SECTION 601 GENERAL 601.1 Scope. All duct systems used for the movement of air in air - conditioning, heating, ventilating and exhaust systems shall conform to the provisions of this chapter. See Chapter 4 for ventilation and Chapter 5 for exhaust systems used for the removal of dust, smoke, fumes, gases, vapors, odors or other hazardous, noxious or injurious impurities. Exception: Ducts discharging combustible material directly into any combustion chamber shall conform to the require- ments of NFPA 82. 601.2 Air movement in egress elements. Exits and exit access corridors shall not serve as supply, return, exhaust, relief or ventilation air ducts or plenums. Exceptions: 1 Utilization of an exit access corridor as a source of makeup air for exhaust systems in rooms that open directly onto such corridors, such as toilet rooms, bath- rooms, dressing rooms, smoking lounges and janitor closets, shall not be prohibited, provided that each such corridor is directly supplied with outdoor air at a rate not less than the rate of makeup air taken from the corridor 2. The utilization ofthe space between the corridor ceiling and the floor or roof structure above as a return air plenum shall not be prohibited where the corridor is not required to be of fire- resistance -rated construction or is separated from the plenum by fire- resistance-rated con- struction. 3 Where located within a dwelling unit, the utilization of egress corridors as return air plenums shall not be prohibited. 4 Where located within tenant spaces of 1,000 square feet (93 m2) or less in area, utilization of exit access con-i- dors as return air plenums shall not be prohibited. 601.3 Contamination prevention. Exhaust ducts under posi- tive pressure and venting systems shall not extend into or pass through ducts or plenums. SECTION 602 PLENUMS 602.1 General. A plenum is an enclosed portion of the building structure that is designed to allow air movement, and thereby serve as part of an air distribution system. Supply, return, exhaust, relief and ventilation air plenums shall be limited to uninhabited crawl spaces, areas above a ceiling or below the floor, attic spaces and mechanical equipment rooms. Plenums shall be limited to one fire area. Fuel -fired equipment shall not be installed within a plenum. 602.2 Construction. Plenum enclosures shall be constructed of materials permitted for the type of construction classification of the building. Gypsum boards that form plenums shall be limited to return air systems where the air temperatures do not exceed 125 °F (52 °C.) and the gypsum board surface temperature is main- tained above the airstream dew -point temperature. Gypsum return air plenums shall not be incorporated in air - handling systems utilizing evaporative coolers. 602.2.1 Materials exposed within plenums. Materials ex- posed within plenums shall be noncombustible or shall have a flame spread rating of not more than 25 and a smoke -de- veloped rating of not more than 50 when tested in accord- ance with ASTM E 84 Exceptions: This section shall not apply to plastic fire sprinkler piping in wet pipe systems where the piping has a peak optical density not greater than 0.50, an aver- age optical density not greater than 0.15, and a flame spread of not greater than 5 feet (1524 mm) when tested in accordance with UL 1887 Piping shall be listed and labeled. 2. Low voltage or power- limited wire and cable, op- tical fiber cable and optical fiber raceway, exposed within a plenum, shall have a peak optical density not greater than 0.50, an average optical density not greater than 0. IS, and a flame spread not greater than 5 feet (1524 mm) when tested in accordance with UL 910. Only type OFNP plenum -rated non- conductive optical fiber cable shall be installed in plenum rated- optical fiber raceways. Wiring, cable and raceways permitted by this section shall be listed and labeled as plenum -rated and shall be installed in accordance with NFPA 70 3 Combustible pneumatic tubing shall have a peak optical density not greater than 0.50, an average optical density not greater than 0 15, and a flame spread of not greater than 5 feet (1524 mm) when tested in accordance with UL 1820. Combustible pneumatic tubing shall be listed and labeled. 4 Rigid or flexible ducts and connectors shall con- form to Section 603 5 Duct coverings, linings, tape and connectors shall conform to Sections 603 and 604 6. This section shall not apply to materials exposed within plenums in one- and two- family dwellings. 602.3 Stud cavity and joist space plenums. Stud wall cavities and the spaces between solid floor joists to be utilized as air plenums shall comply with the following conditions: 18861NTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 41 602A - 603.4.1 1 Such cavities or spaces shall not be utilized as a plenum for supply air 2. Such cavities or spaces shall not be part of a required fire- resistance -rated assembly 3 Stud wall cavities shall not convey air from more than one floor level. 4 Stud wall cavities and joist space plenums shall comply with the floor penetration protection requirements of the building code. 5 Stud wall cavities and joist space plenums shall be iso- lated from adjacent concealed spaces by approved fire - blocking as required in the building code. 602.4 Flood hazard. For structures located in a flood - hazard zone or a high - hazard zone, plenum spaces shall be located above the base flood elevation or shall be protected so as to prevent water from entering or accumulating within the plenum space during floods up to the base flood elevation. If the plenum spaces are located below the base flood elevation, they shall be capable of resisting hydrostatic and hydrodynamic loads and stresses, including the effects of buoyancy, during the occur- rence of flooding to the base flood elevation. SECTION 603 DUCT CONSTRUCTION AND INSTALLATION 603.1 General. An air distribution system shall be designed and installed to supply the required distribution of air. The installa- tion of an air distribution system shall not affect the fire protection requirements specified in the building code. Ducts shall be constructed, braced, reinforced and installed to provide structural strength and durability 603.2 Low -, medium- and high - pressure systems. Ducts shall be rated for the pressure of the air distribution system. 603.3 Metallic ducts. All ducts shall be constructed of iron, steel, aluminum or other approved material. Ducts shall be constructed with a minimum thickness as specified in Table 603.3(1) or in SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Stand- ards —Metal and Flexible The duct construction shall conform to the requirements of SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standards —Metal and Flexible. Exception. Ducts installed within single dwelling units shall have a minimum thickness as specified in Table 603.3(2), TABLE 603.3(2) DUCT CONSTRUCTION MINIMUM SHEET METAL THICKNESSES FOR SINGLE DWELLING UNITS For SI: 1 inch = 25 4 mm. 603.4 Nonmetallic ducts. Nonmetallic ducts shall be con - structed with Class 0 or Class 1 duct material in accordance with UL 181 Fibrous duct construction shall conform to the SMACNA or NAIMA Fibrous Glass Duct Construction Stand- ards The maximum air temperature within nonmetallic ducts shall not exceed 250 °F (121 °C.). 603.4.1 Gypsum ducts. Gypsum boards that form air shafts (ducts) shall be limited to return air systems where the air temperatures do not exceed 125 °F (52 °C.) and the gypsum board surface temperature is maintained above the airstream dew -point temperature. Gypsum return air ducts shall not be incorporated in air - handling systems utilizing evaporative coolers. TABLE 603.3(1) DUCT CONSTRUCTION MINIMUM SHEET METAL THICKNESSES RECTANGULAR DUCTS GALVANIZED STEEL Steel Aluminum APPROXIMATE Minimum Equivalent Through 12 thickness galvanized ALUMINUM DUCT SIZE (inches) Gage No. 8•&S. GAGE Round ducts and enclosed 55 through 84 0.040 inch (20 Gage, Galv) 0.040 inch (No. 18 B &S Gage) rectangular ducts 0.052 inch (18 Gage, Galv) 0.051 inch (No. 16 B &S Gage) ROUND DUCTS 14" or less 0.013 30 26 Over 14" 0.016 28 24 Exposed rectangular ducts (Minimum thickness, nominal) (Minimum thickness, nominal) (Minimum thickness, nominal) 14" or less 0.016 28 24 Over 14" 0.019 1 26 22 For SI: 1 inch = 25 4 mm. 603.4 Nonmetallic ducts. Nonmetallic ducts shall be con - structed with Class 0 or Class 1 duct material in accordance with UL 181 Fibrous duct construction shall conform to the SMACNA or NAIMA Fibrous Glass Duct Construction Stand- ards The maximum air temperature within nonmetallic ducts shall not exceed 250 °F (121 °C.). 603.4.1 Gypsum ducts. Gypsum boards that form air shafts (ducts) shall be limited to return air systems where the air temperatures do not exceed 125 °F (52 °C.) and the gypsum board surface temperature is maintained above the airstream dew -point temperature. Gypsum return air ducts shall not be incorporated in air - handling systems utilizing evaporative coolers. TABLE 603.3(1) DUCT CONSTRUCTION MINIMUM SHEET METAL THICKNESSES RECTANGULAR DUCTS Maximum side Steel Aluminum (inches) (Minimum thickness, nominal) (Minimum thickness, nominal) Through 12 0.022 inch (26 Gage, Galv) 0.020 inch (No. 24 B &S Gage) 13 through 30 0.028 inch (24 Gage, Galv) 0.025 inch (No. 22 B &S Gage) 31 through 54 0.034 inch (22 Gage, Galv.) 0.032 inch (No. 20 B &S Gage) 55 through 84 0.040 inch (20 Gage, Galv) 0.040 inch (No. 18 B &S Gage) Over 84 0.052 inch (18 Gage, Galv) 0.051 inch (No. 16 B &S Gage) ROUND DUCTS Spiral seam duct Longitudinal seam duct Fittings Steel Steel Steel Diameter (inches) (Minimum thickness, nominal) (Minimum thickness, nominal) (Minimum thickness, nominal) Through 12 0.019 inch (28 Gage, Galv) 0.022 inch (26 Gage, Galv) 0.022 inch (26 Gage, Galv ) 13 through 18 0.022 inch (26 Gage, Galv) 0.028 inch (24 Gage, Galv) 0.028 inch (24 Gage, Galv ) 19 through 28 0.028 inch (24 Gage, Galv) 0.034 inch (22 Gage, Galv) 0.034 inch (22 Gage, Galv ) 29 through 36 0.034 inch (22 Gage, Galv) 0.040 inch (20 Gage, Galv) 0.040 inch (20 Gage, Galv ) 37 through 52 0.040 inch (20 Gage, Galy) 0.052 inch (18 Gage, Galv.) 1 0.052 inch (18 Gage, Galv ) For SI: 1 inch = 25 4 mm. 42 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 603.5 Flexible air ducts. Flexible air ducts, both metallic and nonmetallic, shall be listed and labeled to the requirements of UL 181 for Class 0 or Class 1 flexible air ducts, and shall be so identified. Flexible air ducts shall not be limited in length. 603.6 Flexible air connectors. Flexible air connectors, both metallic and nonmetallic, shall be listed and labeled to the requirements of UL 181 for Class 0 or Class 1 flexible air connectors, and shall be so identified. 603.6.1 Length limited. Flexible air connectors shall be limited in length to 14 feet (4267 mm). 603.7 Air temperature. The temperature of air in flexible air ducts or flexible air connectors shall be less than 250 °F (121-C.). 603.8 Flexible air duct and air connector clearance. Flexible air ducts and air connectors shall be installed with a minimum clearance to an appliance as specified in the appliance manu- facturer's installation instructions. 603.9 Installation. Flexible air ducts and flexible air connec- tors shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions. 603.10 Penetrations prohibited. Flexible air ducts and flex- ible air connectors shall not pass through any wall, floor, ceiling or fire- resistance -rated assembly 603.11 Rigid duet penetrations. Duct system penetrations of walls, floors, ceilings and roofs and air transfer openings in such building components shall be protected as required by the building code. 603.12 Underground ducts. Ducts shall be approved for un- derground installation. Metallic ducts not having an approved protective coating shall be completely encased in a minimum of 2 inches (51 mm) of concrete. 603.12.1 Slope. All ducts shall slope to an accessible point for drainage. 603.12.2 Sealing. Ducts shall be sealed and secured prior to pouring the concrete encasement. 603.12.3 Flood hazard. All underground ducts located in a flood - hazard zone or a high - hazard zone shall be located above the base flood elevation or shall be protected so as to prevent water from entering or accumulating within the ducts during floods up to the base flood elevation. If the ducts are located below the base flood elevation, the ducts shall be capable of resisting hydrostatic and hydrodynamic loads and stresses, including the effects of buoyancy, during the occurrence of flooding to the base flood elevation. 603.13 Joints and connections. All joints, longitudinal and transverse seams and connections shall be securely fastened and sealed with welds, gaskets, mastics (adhesives), mastic - plus- embedded -fabric systems or tapes. Tapes and mastics used with rigid fibrous glass ducts shall be listed and labeled in accordance with UL 181 A. Duct connections to flanges of air distribution system equipment or sheet metal fittings shall be mechanically fastened. 603.14 Supports. Ducts shall be supported with approved hangers at intervals not exceeding 10 feet (3048 mm) or by other approved duct support systems designed in accordance with the building code. Flexible and other factory-made ducts 603.5 —604.7 shall be supported in accordance with the manufacturer's in- stallation instructions. 603.15 Furnace connections. Ducts connecting to a furnace shall have a clearance to combustibles in accordance with the furnace manufacturer's installation instructions. 603.16 Condensation. Provisions shall be made to prevent the formation of condensation on the exterior of any duct. 603.17 Location. Ducts shall not be installed in or within 6 inches (152 mm) of the earth, except where such ducts comply with Section 603 12. 603.18 Mechanical protection. Ducts installed in locations where they are exposed to mechanical damage by vehicles or from other causes shall be protected by approved barriers. 603.19 Weather protection. All ducts including linings, cov- erings and vibration isolation connectors installed on the exte- rior of the building shall be adequately protected against the elements. 603.20 Registers, grilles and diffusers. Duct registers, grilles and diffusers shall be installed in accordance with the manufac- turer's installation instructions. Balancing dampers or other means of supply air adjustment shall be provided in the branch ducts or at each individual duct register, grille or diffuser. 603.20.1 Floor registers. Floor registers shall resist, with- out structural failure, a 200 -pound (890 N) concentrated load on a 2 -inch (51 mm) diameter disc applied to the most critical area of the exposed face. SECTION 604 INSULATION 604.1 General. Duct insulation shall conform to the require- ments of Sections 604.2 through 604 11 and the energy code. 604.2 Surface temperature. Ducts that operate at temperatures exceeding 120 °F (49 °C.) shall have sufficient thermal insula- tion to limit the exposed surface temperature to 120 °F (49 °C.). 604.3 Coverings and linings. Coverings and linings, including adhesives when used, shall have a flame spread rating not more than 25 and a smoke - developed rating not more than 50, when tested in accordance with ASTM E 84 Duct coverings and linings shall not flame, glow, smolder or smoke when tested in accordance with ASTM C 411 at the temperature to which they are exposed in service. The test temperature shall not fall below 250 °F (121 °C.). 604.4 Foam plastic insulation. Foam plastic shall conform to the requirements of Section 604 and the building code. 604.5 Equipment insulation. Listed and labeled equipment internally insulated shall be considered as conforming to the requirements of Section 604 604.6 Penetration of assemblies. Duct coverings shall not penetrate a wall or floor required to have a fire - resistance rating or required to be fire blocked. 604.7 Identification. External duct work insulation and fac- tory-insulated flexible duct work shall be legibly printed or identified at intervals not greater than 36 inches (914 mm) with the name of the manufacturer; the thermal resistance R -value 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 43 604.8 —607.2 at the specified installation thickness, and the flame spread and smoke - developed ratings of the composite materials. 604.8 Lining installation. Linings shall be interrupted at the area of operation of a fire damper. Linings.shall be interrupted a minimum of 6 inches (152 mm) upstream of and 6 inches (152 mm) downstream of electric- resistance and fuel- burning heat- ers in .a duct system. 604.9 Thermal continuity. Where a duct liner has been inter- rupted, a duct covering of equal thermal performance shall be installed. 604.10 Service openings. Service openings shall not be con- cealed by duct coverings unless the exact location of the open- ing is properly identified. 604.11 Vapor retarders. Where ducts used for cooling are externally insulated, the insulation shall be covered with a vapor retarder having a maximum permeance of 0.05 perm (2.87 ng /(s mz Pa)) or aluminum foil having a minimum thickness of 2 mils (0.051 mm). Insulated exterior ducts shall be protected with an approved weatherproof vapor barrier. SECTION 605 AIR FILTERS 605.1 General. Heating and air - conditioning systems of the central type shall be provided with approved air filters. Filters shall be installed in the return air system, upstream from any heat exchanger or coil, in an approved convenient location. Liquid adhesive coatings used on filters shall have a flashpoint not lower than 325 °F (163 °C.). 605.2 Location. Access to filters shall be provided. Filters shall be installed so as to be readily removable. 605.3 Airflow over the filter. Ducts shall be constructed to allow an even distribution of air over the entire filter. SECTION 606 SYSTEMS CONTROL 606.1 Controls required. Air distribution systems shall be equipped with smoke detectors listed and labeled for installa- tion in air distribution systems, as required by this section. 606.2 Where required. Smoke detectors shall be installed where indicated in Sections 606.2.1 through 606.2.3 606.2.1 Return air systems. Smoke detectors shall be in- stalled in return air systems with a design capacity greater than 2,000 cfm (0.9 m3 /s), in the return air duct or plenum upstream of any filters, exhaust air connections, outdoor air connections, or decontamination equipment. Exception: Smoke detectors are not required in the re- turn air system where the space served by the air distri- bution system is protected by a system of area smoke detectors in accordance with the building code. The area smoke detector system shall comply with Section 606.4 606.2.2 Common supply and return air systems. Where multiple air - handling systems share common supply or re- turn air ducts or plenums with a combined design capacity greater than 2,000 cfm (0.9 m3 /s), the return air system shall be provided with smoke detectors in accordance with Sec- tion 606.2.1 606.2.3 Return risers. Where return air risers serve two or more stories and are part of a return air system having a design capacity greater than 15,000 cfm (7 1 m' /s), smoke detectors shall be installed at each story Such smoke detec- tors shall be located upstream of the connection between the return air riser and any air ducts or plenums. 606.3 Installation. Smoke detectors required by this section shall be installed in accordance with NFPA 72. The required smoke detectors shall be installed to monitor the entire airflow conveyed by the system including return air and exhaust or relief air. Access shall be provided to smoke detectors for inspection and maintenance. 606.4 Controls operation. Upon activation, the smoke detec- tors shall shut down the air distribution system. Air distribution systems that are part of a smoke control system shall switch to the smoke control mode upon activation of a detector. 606.4.1 Supervision. The smoke detectors shall be con- nected to a fire- protective - signaling system. The actuation of a smoke detector shall activate a visible and audible supervisory signal at a constantly attended location. Exceptions: The supervisory signal at a constantly attended location is not required where the smoke detector activates the building's alarm- indicating appli- ances. 2. In occupancies not required to be equipped with a fire - protective - signaling system, actuation of a smoke detector shall activate a visible and an audi- ble signal in an approved location. Smoke detector trouble conditions shall activate a visible or audible signal in an approved location and shall be identi- fied as air duct detector trouble. SECTION 607 FIRE AND SMOKE DAMPERS 607.1 Fire dampers. Fire dampers shall be installed where required by the building code; shall be listed and labeled, shall comply with UL 555, and shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions. Fire dampers shall be tested for closure under airflow conditions and shall be labeled for maximum airflow and direction of flow Where more than one damper is installed at a point in a single air path, the entire airflow shall be assumed to be passing through the smallest damper area. Fire dampers installed in systems that continue to operate when smoke or heat from a fire is detected shall be labeled for installation in dynamic systems as required by UL 555 Ductwork shall be connected to damper sleeves or assemblies in such a way that collapse of the ductwork will not dislodge the damper or impair its proper operation. 607.2 Smoke dampers. Smoke dampers shall be installed where required by the building code, shall be listed and labeled, shall comply with UL 555S and shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions. Smoke damp- ers shall be closed by the activation of an approved smoke detection system, an approved smoke control system controller 44 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 607.3 — 607.7 or a single - station, spot -type detector installed at the point of penetration and listed for releasing service. Smoke detection shall be in accordance with NFPA 72. Smoke dampers shall also close whenever the fan serving the duct system is shut off. 607.3 Ceiling dampers. Ceiling dampers shall be installed where required by the building code; shall be listed and labeled; shall comply with UL 555C, and shall be installed in accord- ance with the manufacturer's installation instructions. Fire dampers not meeting the temperature performance capabilities of ceiling dampers shall not be used as substitutes. 607.4 Multiple arrangements. Where multiple dampers are required, the installation shall be framed in an approved manner to ensure that the dampers remain in place. 607.5 Access and identification. Dampers shall be provided with an approved means of access, large enough to permit inspection and maintenance of the damper and its operating parts. The access shall not affect the integrity of fire- resistance- rated assemblies. Access points shall be permanently identified on the exterior by a label having letters not less than 1/2 inch (12.7 mm) in height reading: SMOKE DAMPER or FIRE DAMPER. Access doors in ducts shall be tight fitting and suitable for the required duct construction. 607.6 Freedom from interference. Dampers shall be installed in a manner to ensure positive closing or opening as required by function. Interior liners and insulation shall be interrupted at damper locations to prevent interference with damper opera- tion. Exterior materials shall be installed so as to prevent interference with the operation or maintenance of external operating devices for dampers. 607 7 Temperature classification of operating elements. Fusible links, thermal sensors, and pneumatic or electric opera- tors shall have a temperature rating or classification as required by the building code and not less than 50 °F (10 °C.). 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 46 46 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE CHAPTER 7 COMBUSTION AIR SECTION 701 GENERAL 701.1 Scope. The provisions of this chapter shall govern the requirements for combustion and dilution air for fuel- burning appliances or equipment. 701.2 Combustion and dilution air required. Every room or space containing fuel- burning appliances shall be provided with combustion and dilution air as required by this code. Combustion and dilution air shall be provided in accordance with Section 702, 703, 704, 705, 706, 707 or 708 or shall be provided by an approved engineered system. Direct vent appli- ances or equipment that do not draw combustion air from the inside of the building, are not required to be considered in the determination of the combustion and dilution air requirements. 701.3 Circulation of air. The equipment within every room containing fuel- burning appliances shall be installed so as to allow free circulation of air. Provisions shall be made to allow for the simultaneous operation of mechanical exhaust systems, fireplaces or other equipment and appliances operating in the same room or space from which combustion and dilution air is being drawn. Such provisions shall prevent the operation of such appliances, equipment and systems from affecting the supply of combustion and dilution air. 701.4 Crawl space and attic space. For the purposes of this chapter, an opening to a naturally ventilated crawl space or attic space shall be considered equivalent to an opening to the outdoors. 701.4.1 Crawl space. Where lower- combustion air open- ings connect with crawl spaces, such spaces shall have unobstructed openings to the outdoors at least twice that required for the combustion air openings. The height of the crawl space shall comply with the requirements of the building code and shall be without obstruction to the free flow of air. 701.4:2 Attic space. Where combustion air is obtained from an attic area, the attic ventilating openings shall not be subject to ice or snow blockage, and the attic shall have not less than 30 inches (762 mm) vertical clear height at its maximum point. Attic ventilation openings shall be suffi- cient to provide the required volume of combustion air and the attic ventilation required by the building code. The combustion air openings shall be provided with a sleeve of not less than 0.019 -inch (0.5 mm) (No. 26 Gage) galvanized steel or other approved material extending from the appli- ance enclosure to at least 6 inches (152 mm) above the top of the ceiling joists and insulation. SECTION 702 INSIDE AIR 702.1 Air from the same room or space. The room or space containing fuel- burning appliances shall be an unconfined space. Combustion air requirements shall be determined based on the simultaneous operation of all fuel- burning appliances drawing combustion and dilution air from the room. In build- ings of unusually tight construction, combustion air shall be obtained from the outdoors in accordance with Section 703, 704, 706 or 707 702.2 Air from adjacent spaces. Where the volume of the room in which the fuel- burning appliances are located does not comply with Section 702. 1, additional inside combustion and dilution air shall be obtained by opening the room to adjacent spaces so that the combined volume of all communicating spaces meets the volumetric requirement of Section 702.1 Openings connecting the spaces shall comply with Sections 702.2.1 and 702.2.2. 702.2.1 Number and location of openings. Two openings shall be provided, one within 1 foot (305 mm) of the ceiling of the room and one within 1 foot (305 mm) of the floor. 702.2.2 Size of openings. The net free area of each opening, calculated in accordance with Section 710, shall be a mini- mum of 1 square inch per 1,000 Btu/h (2201 mm2/kW) of input rating ofthe fuel- burning appliances drawing combus- tion and dilution air from the communicating spaces and shall be not less than 100 square inches (64 516 mm2). SECTION 703 OUTDOOR AIR (CONDITION 1) 703.1 All air from the outdoors. Where all combustion and dilution air is to be provided by outdoor air, the required combustion and dilution air shall be obtained by opening the room to the outdoors. Openings connecting the room to the outdoor air shall comply with Sections 703 1 1 through 703 14 703.1.1 Number and location of openings. Two openings shall be provided, one within 1 foot (305 mm) of the ceiling of the room and one within 1 foot (305 mm) of the floor. 703.1.2 Size of direct openings. The net free area of each direct opening to the outdoors, calculated in accordance with Section 710, shall be a minimum of 1 square inch per 4,000 Btu/h (550 mmz/kW) of combined input rating of the fuel - burning appliances drawing combustion and dilution air from the room. 703.1.3 Size of horizontal openings. The net free area of each opening, calculated in accordance with Section 710 and connected to the outdoors through a horizontal duct, shall be a minimum of 1 square inch per 2,000 Btu/h (I 100 mmz/kW) of combined input rating of the fuel- burning appliances drawing combustion and dilution air from the room. The cross - sectional area of the duct shall be equal to or greater than the required size of the opening. 703.1.4 Size of vertical openings. The net free area of each opening, calculated in accordance with Section 710 and 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 47 CHAPTER 7 COMBUSTION AIR SECTION 701 GENERAL 701.1 Scope. The provisions of this chapter shall govern the requirements for combustion and dilution air for fuel- burning appliances or equipment. 701.2 Combustion and dilution air required. Every room or space containing fuel - burning appliances shall be provided with combustion and dilution air as required by this code. Combustion and dilution air shall be provided in accordance with Section 702, 703, 704, 705, 706, 707 or 708 or shall be provided by an approved engineered system. Direct vent appli- ances or equipment that do not draw combustion air from the inside of the building, are not required to be considered in the determination of the combustion and dilution air requirements. 701.3 Circulation of air. The equipment within every room containing fuel- burning appliances shall be installed so as to allow free circulation of air. Provisions shall be made to allow for the simultaneous operation of mechanical exhaust systems, fireplaces or other equipment and appliances operating in the same room or space from which combustion and dilution air is being drawn. Such provisions shall prevent the operation of such appliances, equipment and systems from affecting the supply of combustion and dilution air. 701.4 Crawl space and attic space. For the purposes of this chapter, an opening to a naturally ventilated crawl space or attic space shall be considered equivalent to an opening to the outdoors. 701.4.1 Crawl space. Where lower - combustion air open- ings connect with crawl spaces, such spaces shall have unobstructed openings to the outdoors at least twice that required for the combustion air openings. The height of the crawl space shall comply with the requirements of the building code and shall be without obstruction to the free flow of air. 701.4.2 Attic space. Where combustion air is obtained from an attic area, the attic ventilating openings shall not be subject to ice or snow blockage, and the attic shall have not less than 30 inches (762 mm) vertical clear height at its maximum point. Attic ventilation openings shall be suffi- cient to provide the required volume of combustion air and the attic ventilation required by the building code. The combustion air openings shall be provided with a sleeve of not less than 0.019 -inch (0.5 mm) (No. 26 Gage) galvanized steel or other approved material extending from the appli- ance enclosure to at least 6 inches (152 mm) above the top of the ceiling joists and insulation. SECTION 702 INSIDE AIR 702.1 Air from the same room or space. The room or space containing fuel- burning appliances shall be an unconfined space. Combustion air requirements shall be determined based on the simultaneous operation of all fuel- burning appliances drawing combustion and dilution air from the room. In build- ings of unusually tight construction, combustion air shall be obtained from the outdoors in accordance with Section 703, 704, 706 or 707 702.2 Air from adjacent spaces. Where the volume of the room in which the fuel- burning appliances are located does not comply with Section 702. 1, additional inside combustion and dilution air shall be obtained by opening the room to adjacent spaces so that the combined volume of all communicating spaces meets the volumetric requirement of Section 702.1 Openings connecting the spaces shall comply with Sections 702.2.1 and 702.2.2. 702.2.1 Number and location of openings. Two openings shall be provided, one within l foot (305 mm) of the ceiling of the room and one within 1 foot (305 mm) of the floor. 702.2.2 Size of openings. The net free area of each opening, calculated in accordance with Section 710, shall be a mini- mum of 1 square inch per 1,000 Btu/h (2201 mmz/kW) of input rating of the fuel- burning appliances drawing combus- tion and dilution air from the communicating spaces and shall be not less than 100 square inches (64 516 mm2). SECTION 703 OUTDOOR AIR (CONDITION 1) 703.1 All air from the outdoors. Where all combustion and dilution air is to be provided by outdoor air, the required combustion and dilution air shall be obtained by opening the room to the outdoors. Openings connecting the room to the outdoor air shall comply with Sections 703 1 1 through 703 14 703.1.1 Number and location of openings. Two openings shall be provided, one within 1 foot (305 mm) of the ceiling of the room and one within I foot (305 mm) of the floor. 703.1.2 Size of direct openings. The net free area of each direct opening to the outdoors, calculated in accordance with Section 710, shall be a minimum of 1 square inch per 4,000 Btu/h (550 mmz/kW) of combined input rating of the fuel - burning appliances drawing combustion and dilution air from the room. 703.1.3 Size of horizontal openings. The net free area of each opening, calculated in accordance with Section 710 and connected to the outdoors through a horizontal duct, shall be a minimum of 1 square inch per 2,000 Btu/h (1100 mmz/kW) of combined input rating of the fuel- burning appliances drawing combustion and dilution air from the room. The cross - sectional area of the duct shall be equal to or greater than the required size of the opening. 703.1.4 Size of vertical openings. The net free area of each opening, calculated in accordance with Section 710 and 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 47 703.2 - 706.1 1 connected to the outdoors through a vertical duct, shall be a minimum of 1 square inch per 4,000 Btu/h (550 mm2/kW) of combined input rating of the fuel- burning appliances drawing combustion and dilution air from the room. The cross - sectional area of the duct shall be equal to or greater than the required size of the opening. 703.2 Prohibited sources. Openings and ducts shall not con- nect appliance enclosures with a space in which the operation of a fan will adversely affect the flow of combustion air. Combustion air shall not be obtained from a hazardous location, except where the fuel -fired appliances are located within the hazardous location and are installed in accordance with this code. Combustion air shall not be taken from a refrigeration machinery room. Combustion air shall not be obtained from a bathroom or bedroom. SECTION 704 OUTDOOR AIR (CONDITION 2) 704.1 All air from the outdoors for gas -fired appliances. Where approved, this section shall be an alternative to the provisions of Section 703 and shall apply to gas -fired appli- ances only Where all combustion and dilution air for gas -fired appliances is to be provided by outdoor air, the required com- bustion and dilution air shall be obtained by opening the room or enclosure to the outdoors. The openings connecting the room or enclosure to the outdoor air and the appliance installations shall comply with Sections 704 11 through 7041.3. 704.1.1 Number and location of openings. One opening shall be provided and located within 12 inches (305 mm) of the ceiling of the room or enclosure. 704.1.2 Size and configuration of the opening. The open- ing shall directly connect to the outdoors or shall connect by means of vertical or horizontal ducts. The net free area of the opening calculated in accordance with Section 710 shall be a minimum of 1 square inch per 3,000 Btu/h (734 mm2/kW) of input rating of the gas -fired appliance drawing combustion and dilution air from the room or enclosure and not less than the cross - sectional flow area of the appliance vent. The cross - sectional area of the duct shall be equal to or greater than the required size of the opening. 704.1.3 Appliance installation clearance. The appliance shall have a minimum clearance to the surfaces of the room or enclosure of '1 inch (25 mm) at the sides and back of the appliance and 6 inches (152 mm) at the front of the appli- ance. SECTION 705 COMBINED USE OF INSIDE AND OUTDOOR AIR (CONDITION 1) 705.1 Combination of air from inside and from outdoors. Where the building in which the fuel- burning appliances are located is not of unusually tight construction and the commu- nicating interior spaces containing the fuel-burning appliances comply with all of the requirements of Section 702 except the volumetric requirement of Section 702. 1, required combustion and dilution air shall be obtained by opening, the room to the outdoors utilizing a combination of inside and outdoor air, prorated in accordance with Section 705 1.6. Openings con- necting the interior spaces shall comply with Sections 702.2.1 and 702.2.2. The ratio of interior spaces shall comply with Section 705 1.5 The number, location and ratios of openings connecting the space with the outdoor air shall comply with Sections 705 1 1 through 705 14 705.1.1 Number and location of openings. At least two openings shall be provided, one within 1 foot (305 mm) of the ceiling of the room and one within 1 foot (305 mm) of the floor. 705.1.2 Ratio of direct openings. Where direct openings to the outdoors are provided in accordance with Section 703 1, the ratio of direct openings shall be the sum of the net free areas of both direct openings to the outdoors, divided by the sum of the required areas for both such openings as deter- mined in accordance with Section 703.1.2. 705.1.3 Ratio of horizontal openings. Where openings connected to the outdoors through horizontal ducts are pro- vided in accordance with Section 703 1, the ratio of horizon- tal openings shall be the sum of the net free areas of both such openings, divided by the sum of the required areas for both such openings as determined in accordance with Sec:. don 703.1.3. 705.1.4 Ratio of vertical. openings. ,Where, openings con- nected to the outdoors; through vertical ducts are provided in accordance with Section,703.1, the ratio of vertical open ings shall be the I sum of the net free areas of both such openings, divided by the sum of the required areas for both such openings as,'detercriiiW in accordance with Section 70314 a f:r: 705.1.5 Ratio of interior spaces. The ratio of interior spaces, shall be the available volume of all communicating spaces, divided'by the required 4olume as determined in accordance with Section 702':1 1 705.1.6 Prorating,of inside and.outdoor air. In spaces that utilize a combination of inside and outdoor air, the sum of the ratios of all direct openings, horizontal openings, vertical openings and interior spaces shall equal or exceed 1 SECTION 706 COMBINED USE OF INSIDE AND OUTDOOR AIR (CONDITION 2) 706.1 General: Where the building in which fuel- burning appliances are located is of unusually tight construction and meets the volumetric requirements for indoor air specified in Section 702.1, combustion air supplied by a combined use of indoor and outdoor air shall be supplied.through openings and ducts extending to the appliance room or to the vicinity of the appliance. 706.1.1 Openings and supply ducts. Openings shall be provided, located and sized in accordance with Section 702.2; additionally, ,there'shall be'one opening to the out- doors having a free area of at least 1 squire inch. per 5,000 Btu/h (440 mm2/kW) of total', input of all appliances in the space:. ,;. , : >_ 46 1996 : INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE. SECTION 707 FORCED COMBUSTION AIR SUPPLY 707.1 General. Where all combustion air and dilution air is provided by a mechanical forced -air system, the combustion air and dilution air shall be supplied at the minimum rate of 1 cfm per 2,400 Btu/h [0.00067 m' /(s kW)] of combined input rating of all the fuel- burning appliances served. Each of the appliances served shall be electrically interlocked to the mechanical forced -air system so as to prevent operation of the appliances when the mechanical system is not in operation. Where com- bustion air and dilution air is provided by the building's me- chanical ventilation system, the system shall provide the specified combustion/dilution air rate in addition to the re- quired ventilation air. SECTION 708 DIRECT CONNECTION 708.1 General. Fuel - burning appliances that are listed and labeled for direct combustion air connection to the outdoors shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's instal- lation instructions. SECTION 709 COMBUSTION AIR DUCTS 709.1 General. Combustion air ducts shall: 1 Be of galvanized steel complying with Chapter 6 or of equivalent corrosion - resistant material approved for this application. Exception: Within dwellings units, unobstructed stud and joist spaces shall not be prohibited from convey- ing combustion air, provided that not more than one required fireblock is removed. 2. Have a minimum cross - sectional dimension of 3 inches (76 mm). 3 Terminate in an unobstructed space allowing free move- ment of combustion air to the appliances. 4 Have the same cross - sectional areas as the free area of the openings to which they connect. 5 Serve a single appliance enclosure. 6 Not serve both upper and lower combustion air openings. The separation between ducts serving upper and lower combustion air openings shall be maintained to the source of combustion air. 7 Not be screened where terminating in an attic space. SECTION 710 OPENING OBSTRUCTIONS 710.1 General. The required size of openings for combustion and dilution air shall be based on the net free area of each opening. The net free area of an opening shall be that specified by the manufacturer of the opening covering. In the absence of such information, openings covered with metal louvers shall be deemed to have a net free area of 75 percent of the area of the opening, and openings covered with wood louvers shall be 707-7111 deemed to have a net free area of 25 percent of the area of the opening. 710.2 Dampered openings. Where the combustion air open- ings are provided with volume, smoke or fire dampers, the dampers shall be electrically interlocked with the fining cycle of the appliances served, so as to prevent operation of any appliance that draws combustion and dilution air from the room when any of the dampers are closed. Manually operated damp- ers shall not be installed in combustion air openings. SECTION 711 OPENING LOCATION AND PROTECTION 711.1 General. Combustion air openings to the outdoors shall comply with the location and protection provisions of Sections 4017 and 401.8 applicable to outside air intake openings. 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 49 n 50 I I 1996 INTtFkNA'hdNALAttCl4ANid-ALddiiii CHAPTER 8 CHIMNEYS AND VENTS SECTION 801 GENERAL 801.1 Scope. This chapter shall govern the installation, main- tenance, repair and approval of factory-built chimneys, chim- ney liners, vents and connectors. This chapter shall also govern the utilization of masonry chimneys. 801.2 General. Every fuel- burning appliance shall discharge the products of combustion to a vent, factory-built chimney or masonry chimney, except for appliances exempted by Section 801 12. The chimney or vent shall be designed for the type of appliance being vented. 801.3 Masonry chimneys. Masonry chimneys shall be con- structed in accordance with the building code. 801.4 Positive flow. Venting systems shall be designed and constructed so as to develop a positive flow adequate to convey all combustion products to the outside atmosphere. 801.5 Design. Venting systems shall be designed in accordance with this chapter or shall be approved engineered systems. 801.6 Minimum size of chimney or vent. Except as otherwise provided for in this chapter, the size of the chimney or vent, serving a single appliance, except engineered systems, shall have a minimum area equal to the area of the appliance connec- tion. 801.7 Solid fuel appliance flues. The cross - sectional area of a flue serving a solid fuel- burning appliance shall be not greater than three times the cross - sectional area of the appliance flue collar or flue outlet. 801.8 Abandoned inlet openings. Abandoned inlet openings in chimneys and vents shall be closed by an approved method. 801.9 Positive pressure. Where an appliance equipped with a forced or induced draft system creates a positive pressure in the venting system, the venting system shall be designed for posi- tive pressure applications. 801.10 Connection to fireplace. Connection of appliances to chimney flues serving fireplaces shall be in accordance with Sections 801 10 1 through 801 10.3 801.10.1 Closure and accessibility. A noncombustible seal shall be provided below the point of connection to prevent entry of room air into the flue. Means shall be provided for access to the flue for inspection and cleaning. 801.10.2 Connection to factory-built fireplace flue. An appliance shall not be connected to a flue serving a factory- built fireplace unless the appliance is specifically listed for such installation. The connection shall be made in accord- ance with the appliance manufacturer's installation instruc- tions. 801.10.3 Connection to masonry fireplace flue. A connec- tor shall extend from the appliance to the flue serving a masonry fireplace such that the flue gases are exhausted directly into the flue. The connector shall be accessible or removable for inspection and cleaning of both the connector and the flue. Listed direct connection devices shall be in- stalled in accordance with their listing. 801 11 Multiple solid fuel prohibited. A solid fuel- burning appliance or fireplace shall not connect to a chimney passage- way venting another appliance. 801.12 Appliances not requiring vents. Except as otherwise required by an appliance listing or its manufacturer's installa- tion instructions, the following appliances shall not be required to be vented. Any appliance included below listed for vented use or having installation limitations shall be installed in, ac- cordance with its listing or installation limitations. 1 Domestic ranges and wall ovens. 2. Refrigerators. 3 Counter appliances. 4 Clothes dryers. 5 Specialized equipment of limited input, such as labora- tory burners or gas lights. 6. Unvented room heaters conforming to the requirements of Chapters 3 and 9 7 A single listed booster -type (automatic instantaneous) water heater where designed and used solely for the sanitizing rinse requirements of a dishwashing machine, provided that the input is limited to 50,000 Btu/h (14 7 kW), the storage capacity is limited to 12.5 gallons (47 L), and the heater is installed, with the draft hood in place and unaltered, in a commercial kitchen having a mechani- cal exhaust system. Where installed in this manner, the draft hood outlet shall not be less than 36 inches (914 mm) vertically and 6 inches (152 mm) horizontally from any surface other than the heater 801.13 Chimney entrance. Connectors shall connect to a chimney flue at a point not less than 12 inches (305 mm) above the lowest portion of the interior of the chimney flue. 801.14 Cleanouts. Masonry chimney flues shall be provided with a cleanout opening having a minimum height of 6 inches (152 mm). The upper edge of the opening shall be located not less than 6 inches (152 mm) below the lowest chimney inlet opening. The cleanout shall be provided with a tight- fitting, noncombustible cover. Exception. Cleanouts shall not be required for chimney flues serving masonry fireplaces, provided that the flue is accessi- ble through the fireplace opening. 801 15 Connections to exhauster. All appliance connections to a chimney or vent equipped with a power exhauster shall be made on the inlet side of the exhauster. All joints on the positive pressure side of the exhauster shall be sealed to prevent flue -gas leakage as specified by the manufacturer's installation instruc- tions for the exhauster. 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 51 80116 - 802.2 '`rt' "':mow ---~� •�- ;-.-�- .._..�..__ _ ,.,..- ......_. �. 801.16 Gas -fired appliances. Masonry chimneys utilized to - ventgas - fired appliances shall be located, constructed and sized as specified in the manufacturer's installation instructions for the appliances being vented. 801.17 Flue lining. Masonry chimneys shall be lined. The lining material shall be compatible with the type of appliance connected, in accordance with the appliance listing and manu- facturer's installation instructions. Listed materials used as flue linings -shall be installed in accordance with their listings and the manufacturer's installation instructions. 801.17.1 Residential and low -heat appliances (general). Flue lining systems for use with residential -type and low - heat appliances shall be limited to the following: 1 Clay flue lining complying with the requirements of ASTM C 315 or equivalent. Clay flue lining shall be installed in accordance with the building code. 2. Listed chimney lining systems complying with UL 1777 3 Other approved materials that will resist, without cracking, softening or corrosion, flue gases and con- densate at temperatures up to 1,800 °F (982 °C ). 801.17.2 Category I gas appliances. Flue lining systems for use with Category I gas appliances shall be limited to the following: I Flue lining systems complying with Section 801 17 1 2. Chimney lining systems listed and labeled for use with listed and labeled gas appliances with draft hoods and other Category I gas appliances listed and labeled for use with Type B vents. 801.18 Space around lining. The space surrounding a flue lining system or other vent installed within a masonry chimney shall not be used to vent any other appliance. This shall not prevent the installation of a separate flue lining in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions and this code. 801:19 Existing chimneys and vents. Where a fuel -fired ap- pliance is permanently disconnected from an existing chimney or vent serving multiple fuel -fired appliances, such chimney or vent shall be resized as necessary to control flue -gas condensa- tion in the interior of the chimney or vent and to provide the remaining appliance or appliances served with the required draft. For Category I gas -fired appliances, the resizing shall be in accordance with Section 803 for the remaining appliance or appliances. 801.20 Multistory prohibited. Common venting systems for appliances located on more than one floor level shall be pro- hibited, except where all of the appliances served by the com- mon vent are located in rooms or spaces that are accessed only from the outdoors. The appliance enclosures shall not commu- nicate with the occupiable areas of the building. 801.21 Category II, III and IV appliance venting systems. The design, sizing and installation of gas vents for Category Il, III and IV gas appliances shall be in accordance with the appliance manufacturer's installation instructions. SECTION 803 - ,-_ - - _ VENTS 802.1 General. All vent systems shall be listed and labeled. Type B and BW vents shall be tested in accordance with UL 441 Type L vents and pellet vents shall be tested in accordance with UL 641 802.2 Type BW systems. In addition to other requirements specified in this chapter, gas- burning vented wall furnaces requiring a Type BW gas vent shall be vented to comply with Item Nos. I through 9 as follows: 1 Type BW gas vents shall be attached to a solid header plate designed for the vented wall furnace installed. The attachment shall be made by a base plate furnished with the gas vent. 2. The stud space in which a Type BW gas vent is installed shall be free of obstructions, except for firestop spacers that are required for multistory Type BW gas vents. All ceiling plates and floor plates through which the gas vent passes shall be cut flush with the adjacent wall studs. 3 Clearance of Type BW gas vents from any material shall be that space provided by the base plate, ceiling plate spacer straps and firestop spacers, furnished with the gas vent. Where a Type BW gas vent is located in a stud space, clearances provided by spacers shall be main- tained after application of wall coverings and other parts of the construction. An approved sheet metal barrier shat l be installed between a -BW -gas -vent - located -in --a -stud space and wall covering constructed of perforated lath, metal lath or building paper. 4 Type BW gas vents listed only for single -story use shall be installed only in a single -story building or on the top story of a multistory building. Type BW gas vents listed for multistory use shall be installed in single or multistory buildings. 5. A stud space that contains a Type BW gas vent, that serves a vented wall furnace installed in a single -story building or in the top story of a multistory building, shall be open to an attic space or to a ventilated roof flashing equipped with a storm collar. Exception: As an alternative to a ventilated roof flashing, a stud space shall be ventilated by providing an opening in the wall covering, within 12 inches (305 mm) of the upper portion of the stud space, opening into a room served by the wall furnace. Where a Type BW gas vent extends into an attic space, a metal sleeve not less than 0.016 inch (0.4 mm) (No. 26 Gage) steel, having the same area as the opening through the ceiling plate, shall extend around the gas vent from the top of the ceiling plate into the attic not less than 12 inches (305 mm) or to a point 2 inches (51 mm) below the roof sheathing, whichever is the lesser. The sleeve shall be securely fixed in position. Exception: The metal sleeve is not required where firestop spacers are installed at the ceiling plate in accordance with Item No. 6. 6. The stud space in which a vented recessed wall furnace is installed shall be ventilated at the first ceiling plate 62 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE level above the furnace by the ceiling plate spacer fur- nished with the gas vent. Firestop spacers furnished with the gas vent shall be installed at each subsequent ceiling plate through which the gas vent passes. 7 An approved metal guard shall be installed at the floor line of each floor through which the gas vent passes to ensure the maintenance of the required clearance to com- bustible material and to prevent damage to the vent. 8. Where a Type BW gas vent is installed in an existing building, the wall covering on one side of the vent shall be completely open for installation and inspection. 9 Type BW gas vents shall extend from the header plate of the vented wall furnace to a point above the highest ceiling plate through which the vent passes, without offsets or crossovers therein. After a Type BW gas vent passes through the highest ceiling plate above the furnace which it serves, the vent system shall be completed with a Type BW gas vent or a Type B gas vent of the same manufacturer, and offsets or breakovers shall be limited to those specified in this chapter. 8023 Vent application. The application of vents shall be in accordance with Table 802.3 TABLE 802.3 VENT APPLICATIONS VENT TYPES APPLIANCE TYPES Type B gas vents Listed and labeled gas appliances with Flat to 6/12 draft hoods and other Category I gas Over 6/12 to 7/12 appliances listed and labeled for venting Over 7/12 to 8/12 with Type B vents. Type BW gas vents Vented wall furnaces listed and labeled Over 9/12 to 10/12 for venting with Type BW vents. Special gas vent Category II, III, IV gas appliances listed systems and labeled for venting with special gas Over 12/12 to 14/12 vent systems. Special gas vent systems Over 14/12 to 16/12 shall be of a type specified by the Over 16/12 to 18/12 appliance manufacturer's instructions. Type L oil vents Oil- burning appliances listed and Over 20/12 to 21/12 labeled for venting with Type L vents; gas appliances listed and labeled for venting with Type B vents. Pellet vents Pellet fuel - burning appliances listed and labeled for venting with pellet vents. 802.4 Installation. Vent systems shall be sized, installed and terminated in accordance with the vent and appliance manufac- turer's installation instructions. 802.5 Gas vent termination caps required. Type B, BW and L vents shall terminate with a listed and labeled cap in accord- ance with the vent manufacturer's installation instructions. 802.6 Type B and BW gas vent terminations. Type B and BW gas vents, 12 inches (305 mm) in size and smaller, with listed vent caps, shall be terminated in accordance with Table 802.6, except where located less than 8 feet (2438 mm) from a vertical wall or similar obstruction. For vents located less than 8 feet (2438 mm) from a vertical wall or similar obstruction and vents larger than 12 inches (305 mm) in size, the termination height 802.3 — 803.1 shall be not less than 2 feet (610 mm) above the highest point of the roof penetration and not less than 2 feet (610 mm) higher than any portion of a building within 10 feet (3048 mm). TABLE 802.6 VENT TERMINATION ABOVE ROOF ROOF SLOPE MINIMUM HEIGHT FROM HIGH POINT OF ROOF PENETRATION TO LOWEST DISCHARGE OPENING OF CAP Unaa ver icallunits horizortel teetanches Flat to 6/12 1-0 Over 6/12 to 7/12 1 -3 Over 7/12 to 8/12 1 -6 Over 8/12 to 9/12 2 -0 Over 9/12 to 10/12 2 -6 Over 10/12 to 11/12 3 -3 Over 11/12 to 12/12 4 -0 Over 12/12 to 14/12 5 -0 Over 14/12 to 16/12 6 -0 Over 16/12 to 18/12 7 -0 Over 18/12 to 20/12 7 -6 Over 20/12 to 21/12 8 -0 For SI: I inch = 25.4 mm, I foot = 304.8 mm. 802.7 Minimum vent heights. Type BW gas vents serving a vented wall furnace shall terminate not less than 12 feet (3658 mm) vertically above the bottom of the furnace. All other vents shall terminate not less than 5 feet (1524 mm) in vertical height above the highest connected appliance draft hood outlet or flue collar. Exceptions: 1 Venting systems of direct vent appliances shall be installed in accordance with the appliance and vent manufacturer's instructions. 2. Appliances listed for outdoor installations incorpo- rating integral venting means shall be installed in accordance with their listings and the manufac- turer's installation instructions. 3 Pellet vents shall be installed in accordance with the appliance and vent manufacturer's installation instructions. 802.8 Support. of vents. All portions of gas vents shall be adequately supported for the design and weight of the materials employed. SECTION 803 SIZING OF CATEGORY I APPLIANCE VENTING SYSTEMS 803.1 General. Category I appliance venting systems shall be designed in accordance with the provisions of Sections 803.2 and 803.3 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 63 803.1 1 — 803.2.8 803.1 1 Table definitions. Terms applicable to the tables referenced in Sections 803.2 and 803.3 shall be defined as follows: APPLIANCE- CATEGORIZED VENT AREA/DIAME- TER. The minimum Category I appliance vent area/diameter necessary to maintain a nonpositive vent static pressure when tested in accordance with the applicable standard. FAN - ASSISTED COMBUSTION SYSTEM. An appli- ance equipped with an integral mechanical means to either draw or force products of combustion through the combus- tion chamber or heat exchanger FAN +FAN. The maximum combined input rating of two or more fan- assisted appliances attached to the common vent. FAN MAX. The maximum appliance input rating of a Cate- gory I appliance with a fan- assisted combustion system that is capable of being attached to the vent. FAN -MIN. The minimum appliance input rating of a Cate- gory I appliance with a fan- assisted combustion system that is capable of being attached to the vent. FAN +NAT. The maximum combined input rating of one or more fan- assisted appliances and one or more draft -hood- equipped appliances attached to the common vent. NA. Vent configuration is prohibited. NAT MAX. The maximum input rating of a Category I appliance equipped with a draft hood that is capable of being attached to the vent. There are no minimum appliance input ratings for draft- hood - equipped appliances. NAT +NAT. The maximum combined input rating of two or more draft- hood - equipped appliances attached to the com- mon vent. NR. Vent or chimney configuration is prohibited. 803.1.2 Prohibited connections. Vent connectors serving Category I appliances shall not be connected to any portion of Category III or IV venting systems. 803.2 Sizing of venting systems for a single appliance. Vents and chimney flues serving a single appliance shall be sized in accordance with Tables 803.2(1) through 803.2(4). Such tables shall be applied in accordance with Sections 803.2.1 through 803.2.13 Where the designation NR appears in the tables, it shall mean that that vent or chimney configuration is not allowed. Table entries identified with an asterisk in Tables 803.2(3) and 803.2(4) shall be considered as allowable chim- ney configurations. 803.2.1 Vent obstructions. Venting Tables 803.2(1) through 803.2(4) shall not be used where obstructions including draft regulators, safety controls, automatically operated vent dampers, economisers, heat reclaimers and recuperators are installed in the venting system. 803.2.2 Minimum size. If the vent size determined from the tables is smaller than the appliance draft hood outlet or flue collar, the smaller size shall not be used except where all of the following apply- 1 The total vent height (M is at least 10 feet (3048 mm). 2. Vents for appliance draft hood outlets or flue collars 12 inches (305 mm) in diameter or smaller are not reduced more than one size. 3 Vents for appliance draft hood outlets or flue collars above 12 inches (305 mm) in diameter are not reduced more than two sizes. 4 The maximum capacity listed in the tables for a fan- assisted appliance is reduced by 10 percent. 5 The draft hood outlet is greater than 4 inches (102 mm) in diameter. A 3- inch - diameter (76 mm) vent shall not connect to a 4- inch - diameter (102 mm) draft hood outlet. This provision does not apply to fan- assisted appliances. 803.2.3 Vent offsets. Single - appliance venting configura- tions with zero lateral lengths in Tables 803.2(1) and 803.2(2) shall not have elbows in the vent system. For all other vent configurations with indicated lateral lengths, the vent system is allowed to have two 90 -degree (1.6 rad) elbows. For each additional 90- degree elbow (1.6 rad), or equivalent beyond two, the maximum capacity listed in the venting table shall be reduced by 10 percent. Two or more elbows, the combined angles of which equal 90 degrees (1.6 rad), shall be consid- ered equivalent to one 90 -degree (1.6 rad) elbow 803.2.4 Zero lateral. Zero (0) lateral (L) shall apply only to a straight vertical vent attached to a top outlet draft hood or flue collar. 803.2.5 High - altitude installations. The sea level input rating shall be used for determining maximum capacity for high - altitude installations. The actual input, derated for alti- tude, shall be used for determining minimum capacity for high - altitude installations. 803.2.6 Multiple input rate appliances. For appliances with more than one input rate, the minimum vent capacity deter- mined from the tables shall be less than the lowest appliance input rating and the maximum vent capacity determined from the tables shall be greater than the highest appliance input rating. 803.2.7 Liner system sizing. Listed and labeled corrugated metallic chimney liner systems installed in masonry chim- neys shall be sized in accordance with Table 803.2(1) or 803.2(2) for Type B vents, with the maximum capacity reduced by 20 percent and the minimum capacity as shown in Table 803.2(1) or 803.2(2). Corrugated metal vent systems installed with bends or offsets shall have their maximum capacity additionally reduced in accordance with Section 803.2.3 803.2.8 Vent area and diameter. Where the vertical vent has a larger diameter than the vent connector, the vertical vent diameter shall be used to determine the minimum vent ca- pacity, and the connector diameter shall be used to determine the maximum vent capacity The cross - sectional area of the vertical vent shall not exceed seven times the listed appli- ance- categorized vent area, flue collar area or draft hood outlet area, unless designed in accordance with approved engineering methods. 64 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE TABLE 803.2(1) TABLE 803.2(1) CAPACITY OF TYPE B DOUBLE -WALL GAS VENTS CONNECTED DIRECTLY DIRECTLY TO A SINGLE CATEGORY 1 APPLIANCE (continued) 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 56 VENT DIAMETER (D) APPLIANCE INPUT RATING M THOUSANDS OF ETW HEIGW LATERAL (11) FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN WIT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT Min Max Max Wn Max Max Wri Allan Max Min Idtuc Mau Mh Max Mw( Wn Nlax !Ilea Wn Vm Mau 6 0 0 78 51 46 36 0 11 152 97 86 67 0 27 251 157 141 105 0 32 375 232 205 157 0 44 524 321 285 217 0 53 698 425 370 285 0 63 897 543 470 370 2 4 13 21 49 34 30 94 64 39 153 103 50 227 153 66 316 211 79 419 279 93 536 362 6 25 46 32 36 91 61 47 149 _ m 59 223 149 78 310 205 93 413 273 110 530 354 8 0 0 84 57 50 40 0 16 165 109 94 75 0 25 276 178 155 120 0 28 415 263 235 180 0 42 583 365 320 247 0 50 780 483 415 322 0 60 1,006 619 537 418 2 5 12 23 53 38 32 103 71 42 171 115 53 255 173 70 84 356 347 237 227 83 99 473 463 313 303 99 117 607 596 407 396 8 28 49 35 39 98 66 51 164 109 64 247 165 10 0 0 88 61 53 42 0 17 175 118 100 81 0 23 295 194 166 129 0 26 447 289 255 195 0 40 631 '402 345 273 0 48 847 533 450 355 0 57 1,096 684 585 457 2 5 12 23 57 40 32 113 77 41 187 124 52 280 188 68 88 392 376 263 245 81 104 522 504 346 330 95 122 671 651 446 427 10 30 51 36 41 104 70 54 176 115 67 267 175 15 0 0 94 69 58 48 0 15 191 136 112 93 0 20 327 226 187 150 0 22 502 339 285 225 0 38 716 475 390 316 0 45 970 633 525 414 0 53 1,263 815 682 544 2 5 11 22 65 45 30 130 87 39 219 142 49 330 217 64 463 300 76 620 403 90 800 529 10 29 59 41 40 121 82 51 206 135 64 315 208 84 445 288 99 600 386 116 777 507 15 35 53 37 48 112 76 61 195 128 76 301 198 98 429 275 115 580 373 134 755 491 _ 20 0 0 97 75 61 51 0 14 202 149 119 100 0 IS 349 250 202 166 0 20 540 377 307 249 0 33 776 531 430 346 0 41 1,057 711 575 470 0 50 1,384 917 752 612 2 5 10 21 71 48 29 143 96 38 242 160 47 367 241 62 519 337 73 697 460 86 902 599 10 28 64 44 38 133 89 50 229 150 62 351 228 81 499 321 95 675 443 112 877 576 15 20 34 48 58 52 40 35 46 55 124 116 84 78 59 69 217 206 142 134 73 84 337 322 217 206 94 107 481 464 308 295 111 125 654 634 427 410 129 145 853 830 557 537 30 0 2 0 9 100 81 64 56 0 13 213 166 128 112 0 14 374 283 220 185 0 18 587 432 336 280 0 27 853 613 475 394 0 33 1,173 826 650 535 0 42 1,548 1,072 855 700 5 21 77 54 28 160 108 36 275 176 45 421 273 58 600 385 69 811 524 82 1,055 688 10 15 27 33 70 64 50 NR 37 44 150 141 102 % 48 57 262 249 171 163 59 70 405 389 261 249 77 90 580 560 371 357 91 105 788 765 507 490 107 124 1,028 1,002 668 648 20 30 56 NR 58 NR NR NR 53 73 132 113 90 NR 66 88 237 214 154 NR 80 104 374 346_ 237 219 102 131 542 507 343 321 119 149 743 702 473 444 139 171 977 929 628 594 50 0 2 0 8 101 86 67 61 0 11 216 183 134 122 0 14 397 320 232 206 0 15 633 497 363 314 0 22 932 715 518 445 0 26 1,297 975 708 615 0 33 1,730 1,276 952 813 5 10 20 26 82 76 NR NR 27 35 177 168 119 114 35 45 312 299 200 190 43 56 487 471 308 298 55 73 702 681 438 426 65 86 960 935 605 589 77 101 1,259 1,230 798 773 15 20 59 NR 70 NR NR NR 42 50 158 149 NR NR 54 63 287 275 180 169 66 76 455 440 288 278 85 97 662 642 413 401 100 113 911 888 572 556 117 131 1,203 1,176 747 722 30 NR NR NR 69 131 NR 84 250 NR 99 410 259 123 605 376 141 844 522 161 1,125 670 100 0 2 NR NR NR NR NR NR 0 10 218 194 NR NR 0 12 407 354 NR NR 0 13 665 566 400 375 0 18 997 831 560 510 0 21 1,411 1,155 770 700 0 25 1,908 1,536 1,040 935 5 NR NR NR 26 189 NR 33 347 NR 40 557 369 52 820 504 60 1,141 692 71 1,519 926 10 NR NR NR 33 182 NR 43 335 NR 53 542 361 68 801 493 80 1,118 679 94 1,492 910 15 NR NR NR 40 174 NR 50 321 NR 62 528 353 80 782 482 93 1,095 666 109 1,465 895 20 NR NR NR 47 166 NR 59 311 NR 71 513 344 90 763 471 105 1,073 653 122 1,438 880 30 NR NR NR NR NR NR 78 290 NR 92 483 NR 115 726 449 131 1,029 627 149 1,387 849 50 NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 147 428 NR 1 180 651 405 1 197 944 575 1 217 1,288 787 (continued) 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 56 TABLE 803.2(1) TABLE 803.2(1) - confined µ CAPACITY OF TYPE B'DOUBLE WALL GAS VENTS CONNECTED DIRECTLY TO A SINGLE CATEGORY i APPLIANCE° h-09h n For SI: 1 inch = 25 4 nun, Hoot = 304.8 mm, 1 British thermal unit per hour = 0.2931 W. ' For vents with obstructing devices, see Section 803.2.1 ° For minimum size relative to appliance connection, see Section 803.2.2. For vent offset limitations, see Section 803.2.3 d For zero lateral definition, see Section 803.2.4 For high altitude installations, see Section 803.2.5 r For multiple input rate appliances, see Section 803.2.6. s For sizing metallic chimney liner systems, see Section 803.2.7 ° For vents having a diameter larger than the connector, see Section 803.2.8. For area ratio limitations for vents and appliance connections, see Section 803.2.8. J For exterior chimneys and vents, see Section 803.2.9 k For connector size limitations, see Section 803.2.10. ' For commingling limitations for different pipe sizes and types, see Section 803.2.11 m For interpolation of table entries, see Section 803.2.12. ° For extrapolation limitations, see Section 803.2.13 The source of this material is the National Fuel Gas Code, NFPA 54- 1992 /ANSI Z223 1 -1992. This material is reproduced by permission of the copyright holders, the American Gas Association and the National Fire Protection Association. All rights reserved. 66 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE VENT DIAMETER (d) 1G' 17' 14" 1W, I Jr- 2D 2r' 24" APPLIANCE INPUT RATING IN THOUSANDS OF BTUIH HEIGHT LATERAL FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT Mtn Marc Max Mtn Max Maas W Melt Maix W Mu Mu Mtn Mu Max Mtn Max Max M8n Max Ma Wn Marc Max 6 0 0 1,121 570 0 1,645 850 0 2,267 1,170 0 2,983 1,530 0 3,802 1,960 0 4,721 2,430 0 5,737 2,950 0 6,853 3,520 2 75 675 455 103 982 650 138 1,346 890 178 1,769 1,170 225 2,250 1,480 296 2,782 1,850 360 3,377 2,220. 426 4;030 2,670 4 110 668 445 147 975 640 191 1,338 880 242 1,761 1,160 300 2,242 1,475 390 2,774 1,835 469 3,370 2,215 555 4,023 2,660 6 128 661 435 171 967 630 219 1,330 870 276 1,753 1,150 341 2,235 1,470 437 2,767 1,820 523 3,363 2,210 618 4,017 2,650 8 0 0 1,261 660 0 1,858 970 0 2,571 1,320 0 3,399 1,740 0 4,333 2,220 0 5,387 2,750 0 6,555 3,360 0 7,838 4,010 2 71 770 515 98 1,124 745 130 1,543 1,020 168 2,030 1,340 212 2,584 1,700 278 3,196 2,110 336 3,882 2,560 401 4,634 3,050 5 115 758 503 154 1,110 733 199 1,528 1,010 251 2,013 1,330 311 2,563 1;685 398 3,180 2,090 476 3,863 2,545 562 4,612 3,040 8 137 746 490 1 180 1,097 720 231 1,514 1,000 289 2,000 1,320 354 2,552 1,670 450 3,163 2,070 537 3,850 2,530 630 4,602 3,030 10 0 0 1,377 720 0 2,036 1,060 0 2,825 1,450 0 3,742 1,925 0 4,782 2,450 0 5,955 3,050 0 7,254 3,710 0 8,682 4,450 2 68 852 560 93 1,244 850 124 1,713 1,130 161 2,256 1,480 202 2,868 1,890 264 3,556 2,340 319 4,322 2,840 378 5,153 3,390 5 112 839 547 149 1,229 829 192 1,696 1,105 243 2,238 1,461 300 2,849 1,871 382 3,536 2,318 458 4,301 2,818 540 5,132 3,371 10 142 817 525 187 1,204 795 238 1,669 1,080 298 2,209 1,430 364 2,818 1,840 459 3,504 2,280 546 4,268 2,780 641 5,099 3,340 15 0 0 1,596 840 0 2,380 1,240 0 3,323 1,720 0 4,423 2,270 0 5,678 2,900 0 7,099 3,620 0 8,665 4,410 010,393 5,300 2 63 1,019 675 86 1,495 985 114 2,062 1,350 147 2,719 1,770 186 3,467 2,260 239 4,304 2,800 290 5,232 3,410 346 6,251 4,080 5 105 1,003 660 140 1,476 967 182 2,041 1,327 229 2,696 1,748 283 3,442 2,235 355 4,278 2,777 426 5,204 3,385 501 6,222 4,057 10 135 977 635 177 1,446 936 227 2,009 1,289 283 2,659 1,712 346 3,402 2,193 432 4,234 2,739 510 5,159 3,343 599 6,175 4,019 15 155 953 610 202 1,418 905 257 1,976 1,250 318 2,623 1,675 385 3,363 2,150 479 4,192 2,700 564 5,115 3,300 665 6,129 3,980 20 0 0 1,756 930 0 2,637 1,350 0 3,701 .1,900 0 4,948 2,520 0 6,376 3,250 0 7,988 4,060 0 9,785 4,980 011,753 6,000 2 59 1,150 755 81 1,694 1,100 107 2,343 1,520 139 3,097 2,000 175 3,955 2,570 220 4,916 3,200 269 5,983 3,910 321 7,154 4,700 5 101 1,133 738 135 1,674 1,079 174 2,320 1,498 219 3,071 1,978 270 3,926 2,544 337 4,885 3,174 403 5,950 3,880 475 7,119 4,662 10 130 1,105 710 172 1,641 1,045 220 2,282 1,460 273 3,029 1,940 334 3,880 2,500 413 4,835 3,130 489 5,896 3,830 573 7,063 4,600 15 150 1,078 688 195 1,609 1,018 248 2,245 1,425 306 2,988 1,910 372 3,835 2,465 459 4,786 3,090 541 .5,844 3,795. 631 7,007 4,575 20 167 1,052 665 217 1,578 990 273 2,210 1,390 335 2,948 1,880 404 3,791 2,430 495 4,737 3,050 585 5,792 3,760 689 6,953 4,550 30 0 0 1,977 1,060 0 3,004 1,550 0 4,252 2,170 0 5,725 2,920 0 7420 3,770 0 9,341 4,750 0 11,483 5,850 013,848 7,060 2 54 1,351 865 74 2,004 1,310 98 2,786 1,800 127 3,696 2,380 159 4,734 3,050 199 5,900 3,810 241 7,194 4,650 285 8,617 5,600 5 96 1,332 851 127 9,981 1,289 164 2,759 1,775 206 3,666 2,350 252 4,701 3,020 312 5,863 3,783 373 7,155 4,622 439 8,574 5,552 10 125 1,301 829 164 1,944 1,254 209 2,716 1,733 259 3,617 2,300 316 4,647 2,970 386 5,803 3,739 456 7,090 4,574 535 8,505 5,471 15 143 1,272 807 187 1,908 1,220 237 2,674 1,692 292 3,570 2,250 354 4,594 2,920 431 5,744 3,695 507 7,026 4,527 590 8,437 5,391 20 160 1,243 784 207 1,873 1,185 260 2,633 1,650 319 3,523 2,200 384 4,542 2,870 467 5,686 3,650 548 6,964 4,480 639 8,370 5,310 30 195 1,189 745 246 1,807 1,130 305 2,555 1,585 369 3,433 2,130 440 4,442 2,785 _540 5,574 3,565 635 6,842 4,375 739 8,239 5,225 50 0 0 2,231 1,195 0 3,441 1,825 0 4,934 2,550 0 6,711 3,440 0 8,774 4,460 011,129 5,635 013,767 6,940 016,694 8,430 2 41 1,620 1,010 66 2,431 1,513 86 3,409 2,125 113 4,554 2,840 141 5,864 3,670 171 7,339 4,630 209 8,980 5,695 25110,788 6,860 5 90 1,600 996 118 2,406 1,495 151 3,380 2,102 191 4,520 2,813 234 5,826 3,639 283 7,295 41597 336 8,933 5,654 39410,737 6,818 10 118 1,567 972 154 2,366 1,466 196 3,332 2,064 243 4,464 2,767 295 5,763 3,585 355 7,224 4,542 419 8,855 5,585 491 10,652 6,749 15 136 1,536 948 177 2,327 1,437 222 3,285 2,026 274 4,409 2,721 330 5,701 3,534 396 7,155 4,511 465 8,779 5,546 54210,570 6,710 20 151 1,505 924 195 2,288 1,408 244 3,239 1,987 300 4,356 2,675 361 5,641 3,481 433 7,086 4,479 506 8,704 5,506 586 10,488 6,670 30 183 1,446 876 232 2,214 1,349 287 3,150 1,910 347 4,253 2,631 412 5,523 3,431 494 6,953 4,421 577 8,557 5,444 67210,328 6,603 100 0 0 2,491 1,310 0 3,925 2,050 0 5,729 2,950 0 7,914 4,050 0 10,485 5,300 0 13,454 6,700 0 16,817 8,600 020,578 10,300 2 30 1,975 1,170 44 3,027 1,820 72 4,313 2,550 95 5,834 3,500 120 7,591 4,600 138 9,577 5,800 16911,803 7,200 20414,264 8,800 5 82 1,955 1,159 107 3,002 1,803 136 4,282 2,531 172 5,797 3,475 208 7,548 4,566 245 9,528 5,769 293 11,748 7,162 34114,204 8,756 10 "108 1,923 1,142 142 2,961 1,775 180 4,231 2,500 223 5,737 3,434 268 7,478 4,509 318 9447 5,717 37411,658 7,100 43614,105 8,683 Is 126 1,892 1,124 163 2,920 1,747 206 4,182 2,469 252 5,678 3,392 304 7,409 4,451 358 9,367 5,665 41811,569 7,037 48714,007 8,610 20 141 1,861 1,107 181 2,880 1,719 226 4,133 2,438 277 5,619 3,351 330 7,341 4,394 387 9,289 5,613 452 11,482 6,975 523 13,910 8,537 30 170 1,802 1,071 215 2,803 1,663 265 4,037 2,375 319 5,505 3,267 378 7,209 4,279 446 9,136 5,509 514 11,310 6,850 59213,720 8,391 50 241 1,688 1,000 292 2,657 1,550 350 3,856 2,250 1 415 5,289 3,100 1 486 6,956 4,050 1 572 8,841 5,300 1 65910,979 6,600 1 75213,354 8,100 For SI: 1 inch = 25 4 nun, Hoot = 304.8 mm, 1 British thermal unit per hour = 0.2931 W. ' For vents with obstructing devices, see Section 803.2.1 ° For minimum size relative to appliance connection, see Section 803.2.2. For vent offset limitations, see Section 803.2.3 d For zero lateral definition, see Section 803.2.4 For high altitude installations, see Section 803.2.5 r For multiple input rate appliances, see Section 803.2.6. s For sizing metallic chimney liner systems, see Section 803.2.7 ° For vents having a diameter larger than the connector, see Section 803.2.8. For area ratio limitations for vents and appliance connections, see Section 803.2.8. J For exterior chimneys and vents, see Section 803.2.9 k For connector size limitations, see Section 803.2.10. ' For commingling limitations for different pipe sizes and types, see Section 803.2.11 m For interpolation of table entries, see Section 803.2.12. ° For extrapolation limitations, see Section 803.2.13 The source of this material is the National Fuel Gas Code, NFPA 54- 1992 /ANSI Z223 1 -1992. This material is reproduced by permission of the copyright holders, the American Gas Association and the National Fire Protection Association. All rights reserved. 66 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE TABLE 803.2(2) TABLE 803:2(2) CAPACITY OF TYPE B DOUBLE -WALL VENTS WITH SINGLE -WALL METAL CONNECTORS SERVING A SINGLE CATEGORY 1 APPLIANCE° t woug t o For SI: I inch = 25 4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, I British thermal unit per hour = 0.2931 W ' For vents with obstructing devices, see Section 803.2.1 6 For minimum size relative to appliance connection, see Section 803.2.2. For vent offset limitations, see Section 803.2.3 4 For zero lateral definition, see Section 803.2.4. For high altitude installations, see Section 803.2.5 r For multiple input rate appliances, see Section 803.2.6. 8 For sizing metallic chimney liner systems, see Section 803.2.7 h For vents having a diameter larger than the connector, see Section 803.2.8. For area ratio limitations for vents and appliance connections, see Section 803.2.8. r For exterior chimneys and vents, see Section 803.29 k For connector size limitations, see Section 803.2. 10 1 For commingling limitations for different pipe sizes and types, see Section 803.2.11 For interpolation of table entries, see Section 803.2.12. n For extrapolation limitations, see Section 803.2.13 The source of this material is the National Fuel Gas Code, NFPA 54- 1992 /ANSI Z223.1 1992. This material is reproduced by permission of the copyright holders, the American Gas Association and the National Fire Protection Association. All rights reserved. 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 57 VENT DIAMETER (D) 2' N' V. 8 r I 8" W. 10" 12' APPLIANCE INPUT RATING IN THOUSANDS OF 13TLNH HEIGHT LATERAL ( (Q FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT Min Max Max Mtn Max Meat Mtn Max Max Mtn Max Max Mln Max NW AM Maz Melt MIn Max Maul Min Max Mart Mln Max Max 6 0 38 77 45 59 151 85 85 249 140 126 373 204 165 522 284 211 695 369 267 894 469 371 1,118 569 537 1,639 849 2 39 51 36 60 96 66 85 156 104 123 231 156 159 320 213 201 423 284 251 541 368 347 673 453 498 979 648 4 NR NR 33 74 92 63 102 152 102 146 225 152 187 313 208 237 416 277 295 533 360 409 664 443 584 971 638 6 NR NR 31 83 89 60 114 147 99 163 220 148 207 307 203 263 409 271 327 526 352 449 656 433 638 962 627 8 0 37 83 50 58 164 93 83 273 154 123 412 234 161 580 319 206 777 414 258 1,002 536 360 1,257 658 521 1,852 967 2 39 56 39 59 108 75 83 176 119 121 261 179 155 363 246 197 482 321 246 617 417 339 768 513 486 1,120 743 5 NR NR 37 77 102 69 107 168 114 151 252 171 193 352 235 245 470 311 305 604 404 418 754 500 598 1,104 730 8 NR NR 33 90 95 64 122 161 107 175 243 163 223 342 225 280 458 300 344 591 392 470 740 486 665 1,089 715 10 0 37 87 53 57 174 99 82 293 165 120 444 254 158 628 344 202 844 449 253 1,093 584 351 1,373 718 507 2,031 1,057 2 39 61 41 59 117 80 82 193 128 119 287 194 153 400 272 193 531 354 242 681 456 332 849 559 475 1,242 848 5 52 56 39 76 111 76 105 185 122 148 277 186 190 388 261 241 518 344 299 667 443 409 834 544 584 1,224 825 10 NR NR 34 97 100 68 132 171 112 188 261 171 237 369 241 296 497 325 363 643 423 492 808 520 688 1,194 788 15 0 36 93 57 56 190 111 80 325 186 116 499 283 153 713 388 195 966 523 244 1,259 681 336 1,591 838 488 2,374 1,237 2 38 69 47 57 136 93 80 225 149 115 337 224 148 473 314 187 631 413 232 812 543 319 1,015 673 457 1,491 983 5 51 63 44 75 128 86 102 216 140 144 326 217 182 459 298 231 616 400 287 795 526 392 997 657 562 1,469 963 10 NR NR 39 95 116 79 128 201 131 182 308 203 228 438 284 284 592 381 349 768 501 470 966 628 664 1,433 928 15 NR NR NR NR NR 72 158 186 124 1220 290 192 272 418 269 334 568 367 404 742 4941 540 937 601 750 1,399 894 20 0 35 96 60 54 200 118 78 346 201 114 537 306 149 772 428 190 1,053 573 238 1,379 750 326 1,751 927 473 2,631 1,346 2 37 74 50 56 148 99 78 248 165 113 375 248 144 528 344 182 708 468 227 914 611 309 1,146 754 443 1,689 1,098 5 50 68 47 73 140 94 100 239 158 141 363 239 178 514 334 224 692 457 279 896 596 381 1,126 734 547 1,665 1,074 10 NR NR 41 93 129 86 125 223 146 177 344 224 222 491 316 277 666 437 339 866 570 457 1,092 702 646 1,626 1,037 15 NR NR NR NR NR 80 155 208 136 216 325 210 264 469 301 325 640 419 393 838 549 526 1,060 677 7301,587 1,005 20 NR NR NR NR NR NR 186 192 126 254 306 196 309 448 285 374 616 400 448 810 526 592 1,028 6511 808 1,550 973 30 0 34 99 63 53 211 127 76 372 219 110 584 334 144 849 472 184 1,168 647 229 1,542 852 312 1,971 1,056 454 2,996 1,545 2 37 80 56 55 164 111 76 281 183 109 429 279 139 610 392 175 823 533 219 1,069 698 296 1,346 863 424 1,999 1,308 5 49 74 52 72 157 106 98 271 173 136 417 271 171 595 382 215 806 521 269 1,049 684 366 1,324 846 524 1,971 1,283 10 NR NR NR 91 144 98 122 255 168 171 397 257 213 570 367 265 777 501 327 1,017 662 440 1,287 821 620 1,927 1,243 15 NR NR NR 115 131 NR 151 .239 157 208 377 ,242 255 547 349 312 750 481 379 985 638 507 1,251 794 702 1,884 1,205 20 NR NR NR NR NR NR 181 223 NR 246 357 228 298 524 333 360 723 461 433 955 615 570 1,216 768 780 1,841 1,166 30 NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 389 477 305 461 670 426 1 541 895 574 704 1,147 720 937 1,759 1,101 50 0 33 99 66 51 213 133 73 394 230 105 629 361 138 928 515 176 1,292 704 220 1,724 948 295 2,223 1,189 428 3,432 1,818 2 36 84 61 53 181 121 73 318 205 104 495 312 133 712 443 168 971 613 209 1,273 811 280 1,615 1,007 401 2,426 1,509 5 48 80 NR 70 174 117 94 308 198 131 482 305 164 696 435 204 953 602 257 1,252 795 347 1,591 991 496 2,396 1,490 10 NR NR NR 89 160 NR 118 292 186 162 461 292 203 671 420 253 923 583 313 1,217 765 418 1,551 963 589 2,347 1,455 15 NR NR NR 112 148 NR 145 275 174 199 441 280 244 646 405 299 894 562 363 1,183 736 481 1,512 934 668 2,299 1,421 20 NR NR NR NR NR NR 176 257 NR 236 426 261 285 622 389 345 866 543 415 1,150 708 544 1,473 906 741 2,251 1,387 30 NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 315 376 NR 373 573 NR 442 809 502 521 1,086 649 674 1,399 848 892 2,159 1,318 100 0 NR NR NR 49 214 NR 69 403 NR 100 659 395 131 991 555 166 1,404 765 207 1,900 1,033 273 2,479 1,300 395 3,912 2,042 2 NR NR NR 51 192 NR 70 351 NR 98 563 373 125 828 508 1581,152 698 196 1,532 933 259 1,970 1,168 371 3,021 1,817 5 NR NR NR 67 186 NR 90 342 NR 125 551 366 -156 813 501 194 1,134 688 240 1,511 921 322 1,945 1,153 460 2,990 1,796 10 NR NR NR 85 175 NR 113 324 NR 153 532 354 191 789 486 238 1,104 672 293 1,477 902 389 1,905 1,133 547 2,938 1,763 15 NR NR NR 132 162 NR 138 310 NR 188 511 343 230 764 473 281 1,075 656 342 1,443 884 447 1,865 1,110 618 2,888 1,730 20 NR NR NR NR NR NR 168 295 NR 224 487 NR 270 739 458 325 1,046 639 391 1,410 864 507 1,825 1,087 690 2,838 1,696 30 NR NR NR NR NR NR 231 264 NR 301 448 NR 355 685 NR 418 988 NR 491 1,343 824 631 1,747 1,041 834 2,739 1,627 50 NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 540 584 NR 617 866 NR 711 1,205 NR 895 1,591 NR 1,138 2,547 1,489 For SI: I inch = 25 4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, I British thermal unit per hour = 0.2931 W ' For vents with obstructing devices, see Section 803.2.1 6 For minimum size relative to appliance connection, see Section 803.2.2. For vent offset limitations, see Section 803.2.3 4 For zero lateral definition, see Section 803.2.4. For high altitude installations, see Section 803.2.5 r For multiple input rate appliances, see Section 803.2.6. 8 For sizing metallic chimney liner systems, see Section 803.2.7 h For vents having a diameter larger than the connector, see Section 803.2.8. For area ratio limitations for vents and appliance connections, see Section 803.2.8. r For exterior chimneys and vents, see Section 803.29 k For connector size limitations, see Section 803.2. 10 1 For commingling limitations for different pipe sizes and types, see Section 803.2.11 For interpolation of table entries, see Section 803.2.12. n For extrapolation limitations, see Section 803.2.13 The source of this material is the National Fuel Gas Code, NFPA 54- 1992 /ANSI Z223.1 1992. This material is reproduced by permission of the copyright holders, the American Gas Association and the National Fire Protection Association. All rights reserved. 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 57 TABLE 803.2(3) :, -. �., �.. �»- �,,.,....w- m.._...,.a,,.�,�. .�. ��:w,...,......�,.- .�,..,w �~m..w.•�»»,.,�M.�,��-- .�..,, _ . �... -, Wit.... .. CAPACITY OF MASONRY' CHIMNEY FLUE WITH TYPE 8 DOUBLE-WALL VENT CONNECTORS SERVING A SINGLE CATEGORY I APPLIANCE" through " For SI: I inch = 25.4 mm, l foot = 304.8 mm, l square inch = 645.16 mm2,1 British thermal unit per how = 0.2931 W. a For vents with obstructing devices, see Section 803.2.1 ° For minimum size relative to appliance connection, we Section 803.2.2. ` For vent offset limitations, see Section 803.2.3. ° For zero lateral definition, see Section 803.2.4. ` For high altitude installations, see Section 803.2.5. r For multiple input rate appliances, am Section 803.2.6. s For sizing metallic chimney liner systems, see Section 803.2.7 ° For vents having a diameter larger than the connector, sec Section 803.2.8. m For area ratio limitations for vents and appliance connections, we Section 803.2.8. i For exterior chimneys and vents, sec Section 803.2.9 k For connector size limitations, sec Section 803.2.10. 1 For commingling limitations for different pipe sizes and types, see Section 803.2.11 m For interpolation of table entries, we Section 803.2.12. ° For extrapolation limitations, sec Section 803.2.13. The source of this material is the National Fuel Gas Code, NFPA 54- 1992 /ANSI Z223.1 -1992. This material is reproduced by permission of the copyright holders, the American Gas Association and the National Fire Protection Association. All rights reserved. 58 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICALCODE TYPE B DOUBLEMALL CONNECTOR DIAMETER (D1 To be used with chimney areas within the size llmltt: atb wm T' R. 6 I 0" I r I 8' I it i r' 1r APPLIANCE INPUT RATING IN THOUSANDS OF STUfH HEIGHT LATERAL FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN MT1 FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT Min Max Mtm Min Max Max Mtn Malt Max Min Max MU Min Man Max Mbm Max Malt MM Max Max Aft Malt Max' Mil Melt Max 6 2 NR NR 28 AIR NR 52 NR NR 86 NR NR 130 NR NR .180 NR NR 247 NR NR 320 NR NR 401 NR NR 581 5 NR NR 24• NR NR 49 NR NR 82 'NR NR 117 NR NR 165 NR NR 231 _NR NR 298. NR NR 376 NR NR 561 8 '2 NR NR 29 NR NR 55 NR NR "93 NR NR 145 NR NR 198 NR NR 266 84 $90 350 100 728 446 139 1,024 651 5 NR NR 26' NR NR 52 NR NR 98 NR NR 134 NR NR 183 NR NR 247 NR NR 328 149 711 423 201 1,007 640 8 NR NR 240 NR NR 48' NR NR 83 NR NR 127 NR NR 175 NR NR 239 NR NR 318 173 695 410 231 990 623 10 2 NR NR 31 NR NR 61 NR NR 103 NR NR 162 NR NR 221 68 519 298 82 655 388 98 810 491 136 1,144 724 5 NR NR 28' NR NR 57 NR NR 96 NR NR 148 NR NR 204 NR NR 277 124 638 365 146 791 466 196 1,124 712 10 NR NR 25• NR NR 50' NR NR 87 NR NR 139 NR NR 191 NR NR 263 155 610 347 182 762 444 240 1,093 668 15 2 NR NR 35• NR NR 67 NR NR 114 NR NR 179 53 475 250 64 613 336 77 779 441 92 968 562 127 1,376 841 5 NR NR 35• NR NR 62 NR NR 107 NR NR 164 NR NR 231 99 594 313 118 759 416 139 946 533 186 1,352 828 10 NR NR 28• NR NR 55• NR NR 97 NR NR 153 NR NR 216 126 565 296 148 727 394 173 912 567 229 1,315 777 15 NR NR NR NR NR 48• NR NR 89* NR NR 141 NR NR 201 NR NR .281 171 698 375 198 880 485 259 1,280 742 20 2 NR NR 38• NR NR 74 NR :NR 124 NR NR 201 51 522 274 61 679 375 73 867 491 87 1,083 627 121 1,548 953 5 NR NR 360 NR NR 68• NR NR 116 NR NR :194 80 503 254 95 658 350 113 '845 463 133 1,059 597 179 1,523 933 I0 NR NR NR NR NR 600 NR NR 107• NR NR 172 NR NR 237 122 627 332 143 811 440 167 1,022 566 221 1,482 879 15 NR NR NR NR NR Nit NR NR 97' NR NR 159 NR NR 220 NR NR 314 165 780 418 191 987 541 - 251 1,443 840 20 NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 93• NR NR 148' NR NR 206 NR NR 296 186 750 397 214 955 513 .277 1,406 807 30 2 NR NR 410 NR NR 82• NR NR 137 NR NR 216 47 581 303 57 762 421 68 985 558 81 1,240 717 111 1,793 1,112 5 NR NR NR NR NR 76' NR NR 128• NR NR 198 75 561 281 90 741 393 106 962 526 125 1,216 683 169 1,766 1,094 10 NR NR NR NR NR 67* NR NR 115' NR NR 184• NR NR 263 115 709 373 135 927 500 158 1,176 648 210 1,721 1,025 is NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 1074 NR NR 1710 NR NR 243• NR NR 353 156 893 476 181 1,139 621 239 1;679 981 20 NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 91• NR NR 159• NR NR 2270 NR NR 332 176 960 450 203 1,103 592. 264 1,638 940 30 NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 188• NR NR 2884 NR NR 416 249 1,035 555 318 1,560 877 50 2 NR NR NA NR NR 92• NR NR 161• NR NR 251• NR NR 351• 51 840 477 61 1,106 '633 72'1,413 812 99 2,080 1,243 5 NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 151• NR NR 230• NR NR 323• 83 819 445 98 1,083 596 116 1,387 774 155 2,052 1,225 10 NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 138• NR NR 215• NR NR 304• .NR NR 424• 126 1,047 567 147 .1,347 733 195 2;006 1,147 15 NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 127' NR NR 199• NR NR 282* NR NR 400• 146 1,010 539• 170 1,307 702 222 1,961 1,099 20 NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 185• NR NR 264• NR NR 376• 165 977 511• 190 ,1,269 669* 246 1,916 1,050 30 NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 327•. NR NR 468' 233 1,196 6230 -295 .1,832 984 Minimum Internal Area 12 19 28 38 50 63 78 95 132 of Chimney Square Inches Maarimumlm mW Area 49 88 137 198 269 352 445 550 792 -of Chimney Square Inches For SI: I inch = 25.4 mm, l foot = 304.8 mm, l square inch = 645.16 mm2,1 British thermal unit per how = 0.2931 W. a For vents with obstructing devices, see Section 803.2.1 ° For minimum size relative to appliance connection, we Section 803.2.2. ` For vent offset limitations, see Section 803.2.3. ° For zero lateral definition, see Section 803.2.4. ` For high altitude installations, see Section 803.2.5. r For multiple input rate appliances, am Section 803.2.6. s For sizing metallic chimney liner systems, see Section 803.2.7 ° For vents having a diameter larger than the connector, sec Section 803.2.8. m For area ratio limitations for vents and appliance connections, we Section 803.2.8. i For exterior chimneys and vents, sec Section 803.2.9 k For connector size limitations, sec Section 803.2.10. 1 For commingling limitations for different pipe sizes and types, see Section 803.2.11 m For interpolation of table entries, we Section 803.2.12. ° For extrapolation limitations, sec Section 803.2.13. The source of this material is the National Fuel Gas Code, NFPA 54- 1992 /ANSI Z223.1 -1992. This material is reproduced by permission of the copyright holders, the American Gas Association and the National Fire Protection Association. All rights reserved. 58 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICALCODE TABLE 803.2(4) TABLE 803:2(4) CAPACITY OF MASONRY CHIMNEY FLUE WITH SINGLE -WALL VENT CONNECTORS SERVING A SINGLE CATEGORY I APPLIANCEa Mrough n For SI: 1 inch = 25 4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, l square inch = 645 16 mm2 1 British thermal unit per hour = 0.2931 W For vents with obstructing devices, see Section 803.2.1 For minimum size relative to appliance connection, see Section 803.2.2. ` For vent offset limitations, see Section 803.2.3. For zero lateral definition, see Section 803.2.4. r e For high altitude installations, see Section 803.2.5 For multiple input rate appliances, see Section 803.2.6. s For sizing metallic chimney liner systems, see Section 803.2.7 For vents having a diameter larger than the connector, see Section 803.2.8. ' For area ratio limitations for vents and appliance connections, see Section 803.2.8. 3 For exterior chimneys and vents, see Section 803.2.9 k For connector size limitations, see Section 803.2.10. For commingling limitations for different pipe sizes and types, see Section 803.2.11 m For interpolation of table entries, see Section 803.2.12. a For extrapolation limitations, see Section 803.2.13. The source of this material is the National Fuel Gas Code, NFPA 54- 1992 /ANSI Z223 1 -1992. This material is reproduced by permission of the copyright holders, the American Gas Association and the National Fire Protection Association. All rights reserved. 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 69 SINGLE -WALL METAL CONNECTOR DIAMETER (D) To be used with chimney areas within the size limits at bottom T' W. V. 8" T' V. W. 101, 12 HEIGHT LATERAL APPLIANCE MPUT RATING IN THOUSANDS OF BTUIH FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT ta((' Min Max Max Min Max Max Min Max Max Min Max Max Min Max Max Min Max Max Min Max Max Min Max Max Min Max Max 6 2 NR NR 28 NR NR 52 NR NR 86 NR NR 130 NR NR 180 NR NR 247 NR NR 319 NR NR 400 NR NR 580 5 NR NR 25• NR NR 48 NR NR 81 NR NR 116 NR NR 164 NR NR 230 NR NR 297 NR NR 375 NR NR 560 8 2 NR NR 29 NR NR 55 NR NR 93 NR NR 145 NR NR 197 NR NR 265 NR NR 349 382 725 445 549 1,021 650 5 NR NR 26• NR NR 51 NR NR 87 NR NR 133 NR NR 182 NR NR 246 NR NR 327 NR NR 422 673 1,003 638 8 NR NR 23• NR NR 47• NR NR 82 NR NR 126 NR NR 174 NR NR 237 NR NR 317 NR NR 406 1 747 985 621 10 2 NR NR 31 NR NR 61 NR NR 102 NR NR 161 NR NR 220 216 518 297 271 654 387 373 808 490 536 1,142 722 5 NR NR 28• NR NR 56 NR NR 95 NR NR 147 NR NR 203 NR NR 276 334 635 364 459 789 465 657 1,121 710 10 NR NR 24• NR NR 49• NR NR 86 NR NR 137 NR NR 189 NR NR 261 NR NR 345 547 758 441 771 1,088 665 15 2 NR NR 35• NR NR 67 NR NR 113 NR NR 178 166 473 249 211 611 335 264 776 440 362 965 560 520 1,373 840 5 - NR NR 32• NR NR 61 NR NR 106 NR NR 163 NR NR 230 261 591 312 325 755 414 444 942 531 637 1,348 825 10 NR NR 27• NR NR 54• NR NR 96 NR NR 151 NR NR 214 NR NR 294 392 722 392 531 907 504 749 1,309 774 15 NR NR NR NR NR 46• NR NR 87• NR NR 138 NR NR 198 NR NR 278 452 692 372 606 873 481 841 1,272 738 20 2 NR NR 38• NR NR 73 NR NR 123 NR NR 200 163 520 273 206 675 374 258 864 490 252 1,079 625 508 1,544 950 5 NR NR 35• NR NR 67• NR NR 115 NR NR 183 NR NR 252 255 655 348 317 642 461 433 1,055 594 623 1,518 930 10 NR NR NR NR NR 59• NR NR 105• NR NR 170 NR NR 235 312 622 330 382 806 437 517 1,016 562 733 1,475 875 Is NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 95• NR NR 156 NR NR 217 NR NR 311 442 773 414 591 979 539 823 1,434 835 20 NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 80• NR NR 144• NR NR 202 NR NR 292 NR NR 392 663 944 510 911 1,394 800 30 2 NR NR 41• NR NR 81• NR NR 136 NR NR 215 158 578 302 200 759 420 249 982 556 340 1,237 715 489 1,789 1,110 5 NR NR NR NR NR 75• NR NR 127• NR NR 196 NR NR 279 245 737 391 306 958 524 417 1,210 680 600 1,760 1,090 10 NR NR NR NR NR 66• NR NR 113• NR NR 182' NR NR 260 300 703 370 370 920 496 500 1,168 644 706 1,713 1,020 15 NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 105• NR NR 168• NR NR 240• NR NR 349 428 884 471 572 1,128 615 798 1,668 975 20 NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 88• NR NR 155• NR NR 223• NR NR 327 NR NR 445 643 1,089 585 883 1,624 932 30 NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 182• NR NR 281*1 NR NR 406 NR NR 544 1,055 1,539 865 50 2 NR NR NR NR NR 91• NR NR 160• NR NR 250• NR NR 350• 191 837 475 238 1,103 631 323 1,408 810 463 2,076 1,240 5 NR NR NR NR NR 'NR NR NR 149• NR NR 228• NR NR 321• NR NR 442 293 1,078 593 398 1,381 770 571 2,044 1,220 10 NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 136• NR NR 212• NR NR 301• NR NR 420• 355 1,038 562 447 1,337 728 674 1,994 1,140 15 NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 124• NR NR 195• NR NR 278• NR NR 395• NR NR 533• 546 1,294 695, 761 1,945 1,090 20 NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 180• NR NR 258• NR NR 370• NR NR 504• 616 1,251 660• 844 1,898 1,040 30 NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 318• NR NR 458• NR NR 610. 1,009 1,805 970 Minimum Internal Area 12 19 28 38 50 63 78 95 132 of Chimney Square Inches Maximum Internal Area 49 88 137 198 269 352 445 550 792 of Chimney Square Inches For SI: 1 inch = 25 4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, l square inch = 645 16 mm2 1 British thermal unit per hour = 0.2931 W For vents with obstructing devices, see Section 803.2.1 For minimum size relative to appliance connection, see Section 803.2.2. ` For vent offset limitations, see Section 803.2.3. For zero lateral definition, see Section 803.2.4. r e For high altitude installations, see Section 803.2.5 For multiple input rate appliances, see Section 803.2.6. s For sizing metallic chimney liner systems, see Section 803.2.7 For vents having a diameter larger than the connector, see Section 803.2.8. ' For area ratio limitations for vents and appliance connections, see Section 803.2.8. 3 For exterior chimneys and vents, see Section 803.2.9 k For connector size limitations, see Section 803.2.10. For commingling limitations for different pipe sizes and types, see Section 803.2.11 m For interpolation of table entries, see Section 803.2.12. a For extrapolation limitations, see Section 803.2.13. The source of this material is the National Fuel Gas Code, NFPA 54- 1992 /ANSI Z223 1 -1992. This material is reproduced by permission of the copyright holders, the American Gas Association and the National Fire Protection Association. All rights reserved. 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 69 TABLE 803.3(1) CAPACITY OF TYPE B DOUBLE -WALL VENTS WITH TYPE B DOUBLE-WALL u CONNECTORS SERVING TWO OR MORE CATEGORY I APPLIANCES -W VENT CONNECTOR CAPACITY COMMON VENT CAPACITY VENT 4.. F. TYPE B DOUBLE WALL COMMON VENT DIAMETER (D) V. T. B. TYPE 8 DOUBLE -WALL VENT AND CONNECTOR DIAMETER (D) W. 101. HEIGHT (h" COMBINED APPLIANCE INPUT RATING IN THOUSANDS OF BTLIH FAN FAN NAT FAN FAN NAT FAN FAN NAT FAN FAN NAT FAN FAN NAT FAN FAN NAT FAN FAN NAT +FAN +NAT +NAT +FAN +NAT +NAT +FAN +NAT + NAT *FAN + NAT + NAT + FAN +NAT +NAT +FAN ;NAT +NAT +FAN NEAT 4NAT 6 92 3" 65 140 4" 103 204 161 S' 309 248 8" 404 314 260 T' 434 335 672 520 410 8 101 90 73 155 VENT HEIGHT CONNECTOR 114 224 178 163 339 275 223 444 348 290 APPLIANCE INPUT RATING IN THOUSANDS OF BTLM 480 378 740 577 465 10 110 97 m FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT I FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT Q°°, 125 112 91 195 164 144 283 228 206 427 352 280 556 444 365 753 612 465 924 733 565 20 136 123 102 215 183 160 314 255 Min Mau Max Min Max Max Min Max Max Min Max Ma rW M. Max Min Max Max Min Max Max Min Ma Ma 6 1 22 37 26 35 66 46 46 106 72 58 164 104 77 225 142 92 296 985 109 376 237 128 466 289 705 2 23 41 31 37 75 55 48 121 86 60 183 124 79 253 168 95 333 220 112 424 282 131 526 345 3 24 44 35 38 81 62 49 132 96 62 199 139 82 275 189 97 363 248 114 463 317 134 575 386 8 1 22 40 27 35 72 48 49 114 76 64 176 109 84 243 148 100 320 194 118 408 248 138 507 303 2 23 44 32 36 80 57 51 128 90 66 195 129 86 269 175 103 356 230 121 454 294 141 564 358 3 24 47 36 37 87 64 53 139 101 67 210 145 88 290 198 105 384 258 123 492 330 143 612 402 10 1 22 43 28 34 78 50 49 123 78 65 189 113 89 257 154 106 341 200 125 436 257 146 542 314 2 23 47 33 36 86 59 51 136 93 67 206 134 91 282 182 109 374 238 128 479 305 149 396 372 3 24 50 37 37 92 67 52 146 104 69 220 150 94 303 205 111 402 268 131 515 342 152 642 417 IS 1 21 50 30 33 89 53 47 142 83 64 220 120 88 298 163 110 389 214 134 493 273 162 609 333 2 22 53 35 35 96 63 49 153 99 66 235 142 91 320 193 112 419 253 137 532 323 165 658 394 3 24 55 40 36 102 71 51 163 111 68 248 160 93 339 218 115 445 286 140 565 365 167 700 444 20 1 21 54 31 33 99 56 46 157 87 62 246 125 86 334 171 107 436 224 131 552 285 158 681 347 2 22 57 37 34 105 66 48 167 104 64 259 149 89 354 202 110 463 265 134 587 339 161 725 414 3 23 60 42 35 110 74 50 176 116 66 271 168 91 371 228 113 486 300 137 618 383 164 764 466 30 1 20 62 33 31 113 59 45 181 93 60 288 134 83 391 182 103 512 238 125 649 305 151 802 372 2 21 64 39 33 118 70 47 190 110 62 299 158 85 408 215 105 535 282 129 679 360 155 840 439 3 22 66 44 34 123 79 48 198 124 64 309 178 88 423 242 108 555 317 132 706 405 158 874 494 50 1 19 71 36 30 133 64 43 216 101 57 349 145 78 477 197 97 627 257 120 797 330 144 984 403 2 21 73 43 32 137 76 45 223 119- 59 358 172 81 490 234 100 645 306 123 820 392 148 1,014 478 3 22 75 48 33 141 86 46 229 134 61 366 194 83 502 263 103 661 343 126 842 441 151 1,043 538 100 1 18 82 37 28 158 66 40 262 104 53 442 150 73 611 204 91 810 266 112 1,038 341 135 1,285 417 2 19 83 44 30 161 79 42 267 123 55 447 178 75 619 242 94 822 316 115 1,054 405 139 1,306 494 3 20 84 50 31 163 89 44 272 138 57 452 200 78 627 272 97 834 355 118 1,069 455 142 1,327 555 COMMON VENT CAPACITY VENT 4.. F. TYPE B DOUBLE WALL COMMON VENT DIAMETER (D) V. T. B. W. 101. HEIGHT (h" COMBINED APPLIANCE INPUT RATING IN THOUSANDS OF BTLIH FAN FAN NAT FAN FAN NAT FAN FAN NAT FAN FAN NAT FAN FAN NAT FAN FAN NAT FAN FAN NAT +FAN +NAT +NAT +FAN +NAT +NAT +FAN +NAT + NAT *FAN + NAT + NAT + FAN +NAT +NAT +FAN ;NAT +NAT +FAN NEAT 4NAT 6 92 81 65 140 116 103 204 161 147 309 248 200 404 314 260 547 434 335 672 520 410 8 101 90 73 155 129 114 224 178 163 339 275 223 444 348 290 602 480 378 740 577 465 10 110 97 79 169 141 124 243 194 178 367 299 242 477 377 315 649 522 405 800 627 495 15 125 112 91 195 164 144 283 228 206 427 352 280 556 444 365 753 612 465 924 733 565 20 136 123 102 215 183 160 314 255 229 475 394 310 621 499 405 842 688 523 1,035 826 640 30 152 138 118 244 210 185 361 297 266 547 459 360 720 585 470 979 808 605 1,209 975 740 50 167 153 134 279 244 214 421 353 310 641 547 423 854 706 550 1,164 977 705 1,451 1,188 860 100 1 175 163 NR 311 277 NR 489 421 NR 751 658 479 1,025 873 625 1,408 1,215 800 1,784 1,502 975 (continued) 60 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE TABLE 803.3(1) TABLE 803.3(1 ) - -continued CAPACITY OF TYPE B DOUBLE -WALL VENTS WITH TYPE B DOUBLE -WALL CONNECTORS SERVING TWO OR MORE CATEGORY 1 APPLIANCE' �1Ough VENT CONNECTOR CAPACITY (continued) 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 61 TYPE B DOUME -WALL VENT AND CONNECTOR DIAMETER (D) 12" 14" 16" 18" 20 27' 24" VENT CONNECTOR HEIGHT RISE APPLIANCE INPUT RATING IN THOUSANDS OF BTUIH ( (A FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT MM Max Max Min Max Max Min Max Max Min Max Max Min Max Max Min Max Max Min Max Max 6 2 174 764 496 223 1,046 653 281 1,371 853 346 1772 1,080 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 4 180 897 616 230 1,231 827 287 1,617 1,081 352 2,069 1,370 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 6 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 8 2 186 822 516 238 1,126 696 298 1,478 910 365 1,920 1,150 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 4 192 952 644 244 1,307 884 305 1,719 1,150 372 2,211 1,460 471 2,737 1,800 560 3,319 2,180 662 3,957 2,590 6 198 1,050 772 252 1,445 1,072 313 1,902 1,390 380 2,434 1,770 478 3,018 2,180 568 3,665 2,640 669 4,373 3,130 10 2 196 870 536 249 1,195 730 311 1,570 955 379 2,049 1,205 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 4 201 997 664 256 1,371 924 318 1,804 1,205 387 2,332 1,535 486 2,887 1,890 581 3,502 2,280 686 4,175 2,710 6 207 1,095 792 263 1,509 1,118 325 1,989 1,455 395 2,556 1,865 494 3,169 2,290 589 3,849 2,760 694 4,593 3,270 15 2 214 967 568 272 1,334 790 336 1,760 1,030 408 2,317 1,305 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 4 221 1,085 712 279 1,499 1,006 344 1,978 1,320 416 2,579 1,665 523 3,197 2,060 624 3,881 2,490 734 4,631 2,960 6 228 1,181 856 286 1,632 1,222 351 2,157 1,610 424 2,796 2,025 533 3,470 2,510 634 4,216 3,030 743 5,035 3,600 20 2 223 1,051 596 291 1,443 840 357 1,911 1,095 430 2,533 1,385 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 4 230 1,162 748 298 1,597 1,064 365 2,116 1,395 438 2,778 1,765 554 3,447 2,180 661 4,190 2,630 772 5,005 3,130 6 237 3,253 900 307 1,726 1,288 373 2,287 1,695 450 2,984 2,145 567 3,708 2,650 671 4,511 3,190 785 5,392 3,790 30 2 216 1,217 632 286 1,664 910 367 2,183 1,190 461 2,891 1,540 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 4 223 1,316 792 294 1,802 1,160 376 2,366 1,510 474 3,110 1,920 619 3,840 2,365 728 4,861 2,860 847 5,606 3,410 6 231 1,400 952 303 1,920 1,410 384 2,524 1,830 485 3,299 2,340 632 4,080 2,875 741 4,976 3,480 860 5,961 4,150 50 2 206 1,479 689 273 2,023 1,007 350 2,659 1,315 435 3,548 1,665 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 4 213 1,561 860 281 2,139 1,291 359 2,814 1,685 447 3,730 2,135 580 4,601 2,633 709 5,569 3,185 851 6,633 3,790 6 221 1,631 1,031 290 2,242 1,575 369 2,951 2,055 461 3,893 2,605 594 4,808 3,208 724 5,826 3,885 867 6,943 4,620 100 2 192 1,923 712 254 2,644 1,050 326 3,490 1,370 402 4,707 1,740 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 4 200 1,984 888 263 2,731 1,346 336 3,606 1,760 414 4,842 2,220 523 5,982 2,750. 639 7,254 3,330 769 8,650 3,950 6 208 2,035 1,064 272 2,811 1,642 346 3,714 2,150 426 4,968 2,700 539 6,143 3,350 654 7453 4,070 786 8,892 4,810 (continued) 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 61 TABLE 803.3(1) -TABLE 803.3(1:} ondnued CAPACITY OF TYPE 8 DOUBLE -WALL VENTS WITH TYPE 8 DOUBLE -WALL CONNECTORS SERVING TWO OR MORE CATEGORY I APPLIANCV through u COMMON VENT CAPACITY For SI: 1 inch = 25 4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 British thermal unit per hour = 0.2931 W s For vents with obstructing devices, see Section 803.3 1 b For connector length limitations, see Sections 803.3.2 and 803.3.2.1 `'For combined connectors and manifolds, see Section 803.3.3 d For capacity reduction for offsets, see Section 803.3 4 ` For common vent offset limitations, see Section 803.3 4 r For capacity reduction for elbows, see Section 803.3.5 For common vent minimum size, see Section 803.3.6. h For common vent fitting sizing, see Section 803.3 7 For high - altitude installations, see Section 803.3.8. For "H" and `R" measurements for multiple appliances/equipment, see Section 803.3.9 k For "H" measurement in multistory installations, see Section 803.3. 10 1 For sizing the lowest portion of multistory systems, see Section 803.3.11 For offset limitations in multistory systems, see Section 803.3 12. " For area ratio limitations for vents and appliance connections, see Section 803.3.13 For multiple input rate appliances, see Section 803.3 14 P For sizing metallic chimney liner systems, see Section 803.3. 15 n For exterior chimneys and vents, see Section 803.3 16. ` For connector size limitations, see Section 803.3.17 s For commingling limitations for different pipe sizes and types, see Section 803.3 18. m For interpolation of table entries, see Section 803.3.19 ° For extrapolation limitations, see Section 803.3.20. The source of this material is the National Fuel Gas Code, NFPA 54- 1992 /ANSI Z223.1 1992. This material is reproduced by permission of the copyright holders, the American Gas Association and the National Fire Protection Association. All rights reserved. 62 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 17' 14" TYPE B DOUBLE -WALL COMMON VENT DIAMETER (d) 18" 18 W. V. W. HEIGHT (W) FAN FAN NAT FAN + FAN +NAT +NAT +FAN FAN +NAT APPLIANCE INPUT RATING IN THOUSANDS OF BTUIH NAT FAN FAN NAT FAN FAN NAT FAN FAN NAT FAN FAN NAT FAN FAN NAT +NAT +FAN +NAT MWT 4FAN + NAT + NAT + FAN +NAT +NAT +FAN +NAT +NAT +FAN MWT +NAT 6 900 696 588 1,284 990 815 1,735 1,336 1,065 2,253 1,732 1,345 2,838 2,180 1,660 3,488 2,677 1,970 4,206 3,226 2,390 8 994 773 652 1,423 1,103 912 1,927 1,491 1,190 2,507 1,936 1,510 3,162 2,439 1,860. 3,890 2,998 2,200 4,695 3,616 2,680 10 1,076 841 712 1,542 1,200 995 2,093 1,625 1,300 2,727 2,113 1,645 3,444 2,665 2,030 4,241 3,278 2,400 5,123 3,957 2,920 15 1,247 986 825 1,794 1,410 1,158 2,440 1,910 1,510 3,184 2,484 1,910 4,026 3,133 2,360 4,971 3,862 2,790 6,016 4,670 3,400 20 1,405 1,116 916 2,006 1,588 1,290 2,722 2,147 1,690 3,561 2,798 2,140 4,548 3,552 2,640 5,573 4,352 3,120 6,749 5,261 3,800 30 1,658 1,327 1,025 2,373 1,892 1,525 3,220 2,558 1,990 4,197 3,326 2,520 5,303 4,193 31110 6,539 5,157 3,680 7,940 6,247 41 480 50 2,024 1,640 1,280 2,911 2,347 1,863 3,964 3,183 2,430 5,184 4,149 3,075 6,567 5,240 3,800 8,116 6,458 4,500 9,837 7,813 5,475 100 2,569 2,131 1,670 3,732 3,076 2,450 5,125 4,202 3,200 6,749 5,509 4,050 8,597 6,986 5,000 10,681 8,648 5,920 13,004 10,499 7,200 For SI: 1 inch = 25 4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 British thermal unit per hour = 0.2931 W s For vents with obstructing devices, see Section 803.3 1 b For connector length limitations, see Sections 803.3.2 and 803.3.2.1 `'For combined connectors and manifolds, see Section 803.3.3 d For capacity reduction for offsets, see Section 803.3 4 ` For common vent offset limitations, see Section 803.3 4 r For capacity reduction for elbows, see Section 803.3.5 For common vent minimum size, see Section 803.3.6. h For common vent fitting sizing, see Section 803.3 7 For high - altitude installations, see Section 803.3.8. For "H" and `R" measurements for multiple appliances/equipment, see Section 803.3.9 k For "H" measurement in multistory installations, see Section 803.3. 10 1 For sizing the lowest portion of multistory systems, see Section 803.3.11 For offset limitations in multistory systems, see Section 803.3 12. " For area ratio limitations for vents and appliance connections, see Section 803.3.13 For multiple input rate appliances, see Section 803.3 14 P For sizing metallic chimney liner systems, see Section 803.3. 15 n For exterior chimneys and vents, see Section 803.3 16. ` For connector size limitations, see Section 803.3.17 s For commingling limitations for different pipe sizes and types, see Section 803.3 18. m For interpolation of table entries, see Section 803.3.19 ° For extrapolation limitations, see Section 803.3.20. The source of this material is the National Fuel Gas Code, NFPA 54- 1992 /ANSI Z223.1 1992. This material is reproduced by permission of the copyright holders, the American Gas Association and the National Fire Protection Association. All rights reserved. 62 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE TABLE 803.3(2) TABLE 803:3(2) CAPACITY OF TYPE B DOUBLE -WALL VENT WITH SINGLE-WA CONNECTORS SERVING TWO OR MORE CATEGORY I APPLIANCES "M O VENT CONNECTOR CAPACITY (continued) 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 63 BMGLE4VALL METAL VENT MAWTER (D) s s' I r T' I 8 8 10" MEW CONNECTOR APPLIANCE INPUT RATING IN THOUSANDS OF BTWH HEIGHT RISE (�1 ( FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT Mkt Max Mm Min Mm Mau Mln Max Max Min Max Max MM Max Max Min Mau Max Min Max Max Min Max Mau 6 1 NR NR 26 NR NR 46 NR NR 71 NR NR 102 207 223 140 262 293 183 325 373 234 447 463 286 2 NR NR 31 NR NR 55 NR NR 85 168 182 123 215 251 167 271 331 219 334 422 281 458 524 344 3 NR NR 34 NR NR 62 121 131 95 175 198 138 222 273 188 279 361 247 344 462 316 468 574 385 8 I NR NR 27 NR NR 48 NR NR 75 NR NR 106 226 240 145 285 316 191 352 403 244 481 502 299 2 NR NR 32 NR NR 57 125 126 89 184 193 127 234 266 173 293 353 228 360 450 292 492 560 355 3 NR NR 35 NR NR 64 130 138 100 191 208 144 241 287 197 302 381 256 370 489 328 501 609 400 10 1 NR NR 28 NR NR 50 119 121 77 182 186 110 240 253 150 302 335 196 372 429 252 506 534 308 2 NR NR 33 84 85 59 124 134 91 189 203 132 248 278 183 311 369 235 381 473 302 517 589 368 3 NR NR 36 89 91 67 129 144 102 197 217 148 257 299 203 320 398 265 391 511 339 528 637 413 15 1 NR NR 29 79 87 52 116 138 81 177 214 116 238 291 158 312 380 208 397 482 266 556 596 324 2 NR NR 34 83 94 62 121 150 97 185 230 138. 246 314 189 321 411 248 407 522 317 568 646 387 3 NR NR 39 87 100 70 127 160 109 193 243 157 255 333 215 331 438 281 1 418 557 360 579 690 437 20 1 49 56 30 78 97 54 115 152 84 175 238 120 233 325 165 306 425 217 390 538 276 546 664 336 2 52 59 36 82 103 64 120 163 101 182 252 144 243 346 197 317 453 259 400 574 331 558 709 403 3 55 62 40 87 107 72 125 172 113 190 264 164 252 363 223 326 476 294 412 607 375 570 750 457 30 1 47 60 31 77 110 57 112 175 89 169 278 129 226 380 175 296 497 230 378 630 294 528 779 358 2 51 62 37 81 115 67 117 185 106 177 290 152 236 397 208 307 521 274 389 662 349 541 819 425 3 54 64 42 85 119 76 122 193 120 185 300 172 244 412 235 316 542 309 400 690 394 555 855 482 50 1 46 69 34 75 128 60 109 207 96 162 336 137 217 460 188 284 604 245 364 768 314 507 951 384 2 49 71 40 79 132 72 114 215 113 170 345 164 226 473 223 294 623 293 376 793 375 520 983 458 3 52 72 45 83 136 82 119 221 123 178 353 186 235 486 252 304 640 331 1 387 816 423 1 535 1,013 518 100 1 45 79 34 71 150 61 104 249 98 153 424 140 205 585 192 269 774 249 345 993 321 476 1,236 393 2 48 80 41 75 153 73 110 255 115 160 428 167 212 593 228 279 786 299 358 1,011 383 1 490 1,259 469 3 51 81 46 79 157 85 114 260 129 168 433 190 222 603 256 289 801 339 368 1,027 431 506 1,280 527 (continued) 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 63 TABLE 803.3(2) - TABLE'80333(2) =- 'corttintisd " CAPACITY OF TYPE B DOUBLE -WALL VENT WITH SINGLE -WALL CONNECTORS SERVING TWO OR MORE CATEGORY I APPLIANCES" through u COMMON VENT CAPACITY VENT !s' TYPE B DO1.119LE4IVALL VENT DIAMETER (a) r. I r' I V. 8 IV HEOW FAN 4FAN COMBINED APPLIANCE INPUT RATING IN THOUSANDS OF BTUM FAN WIT FAN FAN NAT FAN FAN NAT FAN FAN NAT FAN FAN NAT FAN FAN NAT FAN FAN NAT +NAT +NAT 4FAN + NAT + NAT 4 FAN +NAT +NAT +FAN +NAT 4NAT +FAN +NAT +NAT +FAN +NAT +WIT 4FAN +NAT +WIT 6 NR 78 64 NR 113 99 200 158 144 304 244 196 398 310 257 541 429 332 665 515 407 8 NR 87 71 NR 126 111 218 173 159 331 269 218 436 342 285 592 473 373 730 569 460 10 NR 94 76 163 137 120 237 189 174 357 292 236 467 369 309 638 512 398 787 617 487 15 121 108 88 189 159 140 275 221 200 416 343 274 544 434 357 738 599 456 905 718 553 20 131 118 98 208 177 156 305 247 223 463 383 302 606 487 395 824 -673 512 1,013 808 626 30 1 145 132 113 236 202 180 350 286 257 533 446 349 703 570 459 958 790 593 1,183 952 723 50 159 145 128 268 233 208 406 337 296 622 529 410 833 686 535 1,139 954 689 1,418 1,157 838 100 166 153 NR 297 263 NR 469 398 NR 726 633 464 999 846 606 1,378 1,185 780 1,741 1,459 948 For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 British thermal unit per hour = 0.2931 W. ' For vents with obstructing devices, see Section 803.3.1 6 For connector length limitations, we Sections 803.3.2 and 803.3.2.1 ` For combined connectors and manifolds, see Section 803.3.3 4 For capacity reduction for offsets, we Section 803.3.4. ° For common vent offset limitations, sac Section 803.3.4. r For capacity reduction for elbows, sac Section 803.3.5 a For common vent minimum size, see Section 803.3.6. k For common vent fitting sizing, sac Section 803.3 7 ' For high - altitude installations, see Section 803.3.8. For'91" and "R" measurements for multiple appliances/equipment, we Section 803.3.9 k For H" measurement in multistory installations, sac Section 803.3.10. 1 For sizing the lowest portion of multistory systems, see Section 803.3.11. m For offset limitations in multistory systems, see Section 803.3.12. " For area ratio limitations for vents and appliance connections, see Section 803.3.13. ° For multiple input rate appliances, see Section 803.3.14. For sizing metallic chimney liner systems, see Section 803.3.15. 9 For exterior chimneys and vents, see Section 803.3.16. ` For connector size limitations, see Section 803.3.17 ' For commingling limitations for different pipe sizes and types, see Section 803.3.18. ' For interpolation of table entries, sac Section 803.3.19 " For extrapolation limitations, see Section 803.3.20. The source of this material is the National Fuel Gas Code, NFPA 54- 1992 /ANSI Z223.1 -1992. This material is reproduced by permission of the copyright holders, the American Gas Association and the National Fire Protection Association. All rights reserved. 64 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE TABLE 803.3(3) TABLE 803:3(3) CAPACITY OF MASONRY CHIMNEY WITH TYPE B DOUBLE-WALL nvouan u L CONNECTORS SERVING TWO OR MORE CATEGORY I APPLIANCES VENT CONNECTOR CAPACITY (continued) 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 65 TYPE B DOUBLE-WALL METAL VENT CONNECTOR DIAMETER (D) 9" 4" B' 13" T' 8" 9" 10" _ HEIGHT RISE APPLIANCE INPUT RATING IN THOUSANDS OF BTUM m FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN MAT FAN NAT Min Max Max MM Max Mau Min Max Maroc Min Max Max Min Max Max Min Max Max Min Max Max MM Max Max 6 1 24 33 21 39 62 40 52 106 67 65 194 101 87 274 141 104 370 201 124 479 253 145 599 319 2 26 43 28 41 79 52 53 133 85 67 230 124 89 324 173 107 436 232 127 562 300 148 694 378 3 27 49 34 42 92 61 55 155 97 69 262 143 91 369 203 109 491 270 129 633 349 151 795 439 8 1 2A 39 22 39 72 41 55 117 69 71 213 105 94 304 148 113 414 210 134 539 267 156 682 335 2 26 47 29 40 87 53 57 140 86 73 246 127 97 350 179 116 473 240 137 615 311 160 776 394 3 27 52 34 42 97 62 59 159 98 75 269 145 99 383 206 119 517 276 139 672 358 163 848 452 10 1 24 42 22 38 80 42 55 130 71 74 232 108 101 324 153 120 444 216 142 582 277 165 739 348 2 26 50 29 40 93 54 57 153 87 76 261 129 103 366 184 123 498 247 145 652 321 168 825 407 3 27 55 35 41 105 63 58 170 100 78 284 148 106 397 209 126 540 281 147 705 366 171 893 463 15 1 24 48 23 38 93 44 54 154 74 72 277 114 100 384 164 125 511 229 153 658 297 184 824 375 2 25 55 31 39 105 55 56 174 89 74 299 134 103 419 192 128 558 260 156 718 339 187 900 432 3 26 59 35 41 115 64 57 189 102 76 319 153 105 448 215 131 597 292 159 760 382 190 960 486 20 1 24 52 24 37 102 46 53 172 77 71 313 119 98 437 173 123 584 239 150 752 312 180 943 397 2 25 58 31 39 114 56 55 190 91 73 335 138 101 467 199 126 625 270 153 805 354 184 1,011 452 3 26 63 35 40 123 65 57 204 104 75 353 157 104 493 222 129 661 301 156 851 396 187 1,067 505 30 1 24 54 25 37 111 48 52 192 82 69 357 127 96 504 187 119 680 255 145 883 337 175 1,115 432 2 25 60 32 38 122 58 54 208 95 72 376 145 99 531 209 122 715 287 149 928 378 179 1,171 484 3 26 64 36 40 131 66 56 221 107 74 392 163 101 554 233 125 746 317 152 968 418 182 1,220 535 50 1 23 51 25 36 116 51 51 209 89 67 405 143 92 582 213 115 798 294 140 1,049 392 168 1,334 506 2 24 59 32 37 127 61 53 225 102 70 421 161 95 604 235 118 827 326 143 1,085 433 172 1,379 558 3 26 64 36 39 135 69 55 237 115 72 435 180 98 624 260 121 854 357 147 1,118 474 176 1,421 611 100 1 23 46 24 35 108 50 49 208 92 65 428 155 88 640 237 109 907 334 134 1,222 454 161 1,589 596 2 24 53 31 37 120 60 51 224 105 67 444 174 92 660 260 113 933 368 138 1,253 497 165 1,626 651 3 25 59 35 1 38 130 68 53 237 118 69 458 193 94 679 285 116 956 399 141 1,282 540 169 1,661 705 (continued) 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 65 TABLE 803.3(3) TABLE 803.3(3) — .condnled CAPACITY OF MASONRY CHIMNEY WITH TYPE B DOUBLE -WAL CONNECTORS SERVING TWO OR MORE CATEGORY I APPLIANCES''n""O COMMON VENT CAPACITY VENT 12 19 MINIMUM INTERNAL AREA OF MASONRY CHIMNEY FLUE, SQUARE INCHES 28 38 80 1 83 78 113 HEIGHT (�) COMBINED APPLIANCE INPUT RATING IN THOUSANDS OF BTUM FAN FAN NAT FAN FAN NAT FAN FAN NAT FAN FAN NAT FAN FAN NAT FAN FAN NAT FAN FAN NAT FAN FAN NAT +FAN +NAT +NAT +FAN +NAT +NAT +FAN +NAT +NAT +FAN +NAT +NAT +FAN +NAT +NAT +FAN +NAT +NAT +FAN +NAT +NAT +FAN +NAT +NAT 6 NR 74 25 NR 119 46 NR 178 71 NR 257 103 NR 351 143 NR 458 188 NR 582 246 1,041 853 NR 8 NR 80 28 NR 130 53 NR 193 82 NR 279 119 NR 384 163 NR 501 218 724 636 278 1,144 937 408 10 NR 84 31 NR 138 56 NR 207 90 NR 299 131 NR 409 177 606 538 236 776 686 302 1,226 1,010 454 15 NR NR 36 NR 152 67 NR 233 106 NR 334 152 523 467 212 682 611 283 874 781 365 1,374 1,156 546 20 NR NR 41 NR NR 75 NR 250 122 NR 368 172 565 508 243 742 668 325 955 858 419 1,513 1,286 648 30 NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 270 137 NR 404 198 615 564 278 816 747 381 1,062 969 496 1,702 11473 749 50 NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 620 328 879 831 461 1,165 1,089 606 1,905 1,692 922 100 NR NR NR NR NR NR I NR NR NR I NR NR NR NR NR 348 NR NR 499 NR NR 669 2,053 1,921 1,058 For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 square inch = 645.16 nun 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 British thermal unit per hour = 0.2931 W. " For vents with obstructing devices, see Section 803.3.1. For connector length limitations, see Sections 803.3.2 and 803.3.2.1 ° For combined connectors and manifolds, see Section 803.3.3. d For capacity reduction for offsets, see Section 803.3.4. ° For common vent offset limitations, see Section 803.3.4. r For capacity reduction for elbows, see Section 803.3.5. 8 For common vent minimum size, see Section 803.3.6. k For common vent fitting sizing, see Section 803.3.7 For high- altitude installations, see Section 803.3.8. r For "Wand 'R" measurements for multiple appliances/equipment, see Section 803.3.9 k For 'H" measurement in multistory installations, see Section 803.3.10. 1 For sizing the lowest portion of multistory systems, see Section 803.3.11. For offset limitations in multistory systems, see Section 803.3.12. ° For area ratio limitations for vents and appliance connections, see Section 803.3.13. ° For multiple input rate appliances, see Section 803.3.14. P For sizing metallic chimney liner systems, see Section 803.3.15. 4 For exterior chimneys and vents, see Section 803.3.16. ` For connector size limitations, see Section 803.3.17 ` For commingling limitations for different pipe sizes and types, see Section 803.3.18. ` For interpolation of table entries, see Section 803.3.19 ° For extrapolation limitations, see Section 803.3.20. The source of this material is the National Fuel Gas Code, NFPA 54- 1992/ANSI Z223.1 1992. This material is reproduced by permission of the copyright holders, the American Gas Association and the National Fire Protection Association. All rights reserved. 66 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE TABLE 803.3(4) :TABLE 803.3(4) CAPACITY OF MASONRY CHIMNEY WITH SINGLE -WALL CONNECTORS SERVING TWO OR MORE CATEGORY I APPLIANCES' hm"gh VENT CONNECTOR CAPACITY (continued) 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 67 SINGLE-WALL MEsA' L VENT CONNECTOR DIAMETER DIAMETER (D) r' s r s g �a VENT Corrt RISE APPLIANCE INPUT RATING IN THOUSANDS OF BTUM FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT ( m ( A MM Max Max Min Max Max Min Max Max Min Max Max Min Max Max Min Max Malt Min Max Max Min Max Max 6 1 NR NR 21 NR NR 39 NR NR 66 179 191 100 231 271 140 292 366 200 362 474 252 499 594 316 2 NR NR 28 NR NR 52 NR NR 84 186 227 123 239 321 172 301 432 231 373 557 299 509 696 376 3 NR NR 34 NR NR 61__134 153 97 193 258 142 247 365 202 309 491 269 381 634 348 519 793 437 8 1 NR NR 21 NR NR 40 NR NR 68 195 208 103 250 298 146 313 407 207 387 530 263 529 672 331 2 NR NR 28 NR NR 52 137 139 85 202 240 125 258 343 177 323 465 238 397 607 309 540 766 391 3 NR NR 34 NR NR 62 143 156 98 210 264 145 266 376 205 332 509 274 407 663 356 551 838 450 10 1 NR NR 22 NR NR 41 130 151 70 202 225 106 267 316 151 333 434 213 410 571 273 558 727 343 2 NR NR 29 NR NR 53 136 150 86 210 255 128 276 358 181 343 489 244 420 640 317 569 813 403 3 NR NR 34 97 102 62 143 166 99 217 277 147 284 389 207 352 530 279 430 694 363 580 880 459 15 1 NR NR 23 NR NR 43 129 151 73 199 271 112 268 376 161 349 502 225 445 646 291 623 808 366 2 NR NR 30 92 103 54 135 170 88 207 295 132 277 411 189. 359 548 256 456 706 334 634 884 424 3 NR NR 34 96 112 63 141 185 101 215 315 151 286 439 213 368 586 289 466 755 378 646 945 479 20 1 NR NR 23 87 99 45 128 167 76 197 303 117 265 425 169 345 569 235 439 734 306 614 921 387 2 NR NR 30 91 111 55 134 185 90 205 325 136 274 455 195 355 610 266 450 787 348 627 986 443 3 NR NR 35 96 119 64 140 199 103 213 343 154 282 481 219 365 644 298 461 831 391 639 1,042 496 30 1 NR NR 24 86 108 47 126 187 80 193 347 124 259 492 183 338 665 250 430 864 330 600 1,089 421 2 NR NR 31 91 119 57 132 203 93 201 366 142 269 518 205 348 699 282 442 908 372 613 1,145 473 3 NR NR 35 95 127 65 138 216 105 209 381 160 277 540 229 358 729 312 452 946 412 626 1,193 524 50 1 NR NR 24 85 113 50 124 204 87 188 392 139 252 567 208 328 778 287 417 1,022 383 582 1,302 492 2 NR NR 31 89 123 60 130 218 100 196 408 158 262 588 230 339 806 320 429 1,058 425 596 1,346 545 3 NR NR 35 94 131 68 136 231 112 205 422 176 271 607 255 349 831 351 440 1,090 466 610 1,386 597 100 I NR NR 23 84 104 49 122 200 89 182 410 151 243 617 232 315 875 328 402 1,181 444 560 1,537 580 2 NR NR 30 88 115 59 127 215 102 190 425 169 253 636 254 326 899 361 415 1,210 488 575 1,570 634 3 NR NR 34 93 124 67 133 228 115 199 438 188 262 654 279 337 921 392 427 1,238 529 589 1,604 687 (continued) 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 67 TABLE 803.3(4) TABLE 803:3(4) -- continued CAPACITY OF MASONRY CHIMNEY WITH SINGLE -WALL CONNEC70RS SERVING TWO OR MORE CATEGORY I APPLIANCES' °noio o COMMON VENT CAPACITY For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 square inch = 645.16 mm 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 British thermal unit per hour = 0.2931 W. ' For vents with obstructing devices, see Section 803.3.1. b For connector length limitations, see Sections 803.3.2 and 803.3.2.1. For combined connectors and manifolds, see Section 803.3.3. d For capacity reduction for offsets, see Section 803.3.4. ' For common vent offset limitations, see Section 803.3.4. r For capacity reduction for elbows, see Section 803.3.5. s For common vent minimum size, see Section 803.3.6. b For common vent fitting sizing, see Section 803.3.7 1 For high - altitude installations, see Section 803.3.8. 1 For "H" and' R" measurements for multiple appliances/equipment, see Section 803.3.9. k For "H" measurement in multistory installations, see Section 803.3.10. For sizing the lowest portion of multistory systems, see Section 803.3.11 m For offset limitations in multistory systems, see Section 803.3.12. ° For area ratio limitations for vents and appliance connections, see Section 803.3.13. ° For multiple input rate appliances, see Section 803.3.14. P For sizing metallic chimney liner systems, see Section 803.3.15. a For exterior chimneys and vents, see Section 803.3.16. ` For connector size limitations, see Section 803.3.17 ' For commingling limitations for different pipe sizes and types, see Section 803.3.18. ` For interpolation of table entries, see Section 803.3.19. ' For extrapolation limitations, see Section 803.3.20. The source of this material is the National Fuel Gas Code, NFPA 54- 1992/ANSI Z223.1 1992. This material is reproduced by permission of the copyright holders, the American Gas Association and the National Fire Protection Association. All rights reserved. 68 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 12 19 MINIMUM INTERNAL AREA OF MASONRY CHIMNEY FLUE, SQUARE INCHES 28 1 38 1 50 1 83 78 113 VENT HEIGHT (jam) COMBINED APPLIANCE INPUT RATING IN THOUSANDS OF 8TU/H FAN FAN NAT FAN FAN NAT FAN FAN NAT FAN FAN NAT FAN FAN NAT FAN FAN NAT FAN FAN NAT FAN FAN NAT +FAN +NAT +NAT +FAN +NAT +NAT +FAN +NAT +NAT + FAN +NAT +NAT +FAN +NAT +NAT +FAN +NAT +NAT +FAN +NAT +NAT +FAN +NAT +NAT 6 NR NR 25 NR 118 45 NR 176 71 NR 255 102 NR 348 142 NR 455 187 NR 579 245 NR 846 NR 8 NR NR 28 NR 128 52 NR 190 81 NR 276 118 NR 380 162 NR 497 217 NR 633 277 1,136 928 405 10 NR NR 31 NR 136 56 NR 205 89 NR 295 129 NR 405 175 NR 532 234 771 680 300 1,216 1,000 450 15 NR NR 36 NR NR 66 NR 230 105 NR 335 150 NR 400 210 677 602 280 866 772 360 1,359 1,139 540 20 NR NR NR NR NR 74 NR 247 120 NR 362 170 NR 503 240 765 661 321 947 849 415 1,495 1,264 640 30 NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 135 NR 398 195 NR 558 275 808 739 377 1,052 957 490 1,682 1,447 740 50 NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 612 325 NR 821 456 1,152 1,076 600 1,879 1,672 910 100 NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 494 NR NR 663 2.006 1,885 1.046 For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 square inch = 645.16 mm 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 British thermal unit per hour = 0.2931 W. ' For vents with obstructing devices, see Section 803.3.1. b For connector length limitations, see Sections 803.3.2 and 803.3.2.1. For combined connectors and manifolds, see Section 803.3.3. d For capacity reduction for offsets, see Section 803.3.4. ' For common vent offset limitations, see Section 803.3.4. r For capacity reduction for elbows, see Section 803.3.5. s For common vent minimum size, see Section 803.3.6. b For common vent fitting sizing, see Section 803.3.7 1 For high - altitude installations, see Section 803.3.8. 1 For "H" and' R" measurements for multiple appliances/equipment, see Section 803.3.9. k For "H" measurement in multistory installations, see Section 803.3.10. For sizing the lowest portion of multistory systems, see Section 803.3.11 m For offset limitations in multistory systems, see Section 803.3.12. ° For area ratio limitations for vents and appliance connections, see Section 803.3.13. ° For multiple input rate appliances, see Section 803.3.14. P For sizing metallic chimney liner systems, see Section 803.3.15. a For exterior chimneys and vents, see Section 803.3.16. ` For connector size limitations, see Section 803.3.17 ' For commingling limitations for different pipe sizes and types, see Section 803.3.18. ` For interpolation of table entries, see Section 803.3.19. ' For extrapolation limitations, see Section 803.3.20. The source of this material is the National Fuel Gas Code, NFPA 54- 1992/ANSI Z223.1 1992. This material is reproduced by permission of the copyright holders, the American Gas Association and the National Fire Protection Association. All rights reserved. 68 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 803.2.9 Chimney and vent locations. Tables 803.2(l) through 803.2(4) shall apply only to interior chimneys and vents not exposed to the outdoors below the roof line. Where exterior chimneys and unenclosed exterior vents are utilized to vent gas -fired appliances, such chimneys and vents shall be designed, sized and utilized as approved. A Type B vent or listed chimney lining system installed within an exterior masonry chimney shall be sized in accordance with Tables 803.2(1) and 803.2(2). A Type B vent or listed chimney lining system installed within an unused masonry chimney flue shall not be considered to be exposed to the outdoors. 803.2.10 Vent connector limitation. Vent connectors shall not be increased in size more than two sizes greater than the appliance- categorized vent diameter, flue collar diameter or draft hood outlet diameter. 803.2.11 Component commingling. Different diameters and types of vent and connector components shall not be used in a single run of vent or vent connector, unless all such sizes and the types are allowed by the tables. 803.2.12 Table interpolation. Interpolation shall be permit- ted for the calculation of capacities where'vent heights and laterals fall between table entries. 803.2.13 Extrapolation prohibited. Extrapolation beyond the table entries shall be prohibited. 803.3 Sizing of venting systems for two or more appliances. Vents and chimney flues serving two or more appliances shall be sized in accordance with Tables 803.3(1) through 803.3(4). Such tables shall be applied in accordance with Sections 803.3 1 through 803.3.20. Where the designation NR appears in the tables, it shall mean that that vent or chimney configura- tion is not allowed. 803.3.1 Vent obstructions. Venting Tables 803.3(1) through 803.3(4) shall not be used where obstructions including draft regulators, safety controls, automatically operated vent dampers, economisers, heat reclaimers and recuperators are installed in the venting system. 803.3.2 Connector length limit. Vent connectors shall be routed to the vent utilizing the shortest possible route. The maximum vent connector horizontal length shall be in ac- cordance with Section 804.10.2 and shall be 111/2 feet (457 mm) for each inch (25 4 mm) of connector diameter as shown in Table 803.3.2. 803.3.2.1 Length alternative. Connector lengths greater than those allowed by Section 803.3.2 shall be allowed only under the following conditions: 1 The maximum capacity of the vent connector shall be reduced 10 percent for each additional multiple of the length allowed by Section 803.3.2. 2. The minimum capacity of a connector for a fan- assisted appliance shall be determined by referring to the corresponding single appliance table. For Type B double -wall connectors, Table 803.2(1) shall be used. For single -wall connectors, Table 803.2(2) shall be used. The height (H) and lateral (L) shall be measured according to the procedures 803.2.9 - 803.3.8 for a single appliance vent, as if the other appli- ances were not present. TABLE 803.3.2 MAXIMUM CONNECTOR HORIZONTAL LENGTH CONNECTOR DIAMETER (inches) MAXIMUM CONNECTOR HORIZONTAL LENGTH (feet) 3 4'iZ 4 6 5 71/2 6 9 7 101/2 8 12 9 13'/2 10 15 12 18 14 21 16 24 18 27 20 30 22 33 24 36 For SI: 1 inch = 25 4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm. 803.3.3 Combined connectors. Where vent connectors are combined prior to entering the common vent, the maximum common vent capacity listed in the common venting tables shall be reduced by 10 percent. The length of the common vent connector manifold (Lo) shall not exceed 11/2 feet (457 mm) for each inch of common vent connector manifold diameter. 803.3.4 Common vertical vent limitations. Where the com- mon vertical vent is installed with an offset, the maximum common vent capacity listed in the common venting tables shall be reduced by 20 percent, the equivalent of two 90 -de- gree (1.6 rad) elbows. The horizontal length of the common vent offset shall not exceed 1'/2 feet (457 mm) for each inch of common vent diameter. 803.3.5 Capacity reduction. Excluding elbows counted in Section 803.3 4, each additional elbow in excess of two shall reduce the maximum capacity of that portion of the venting system by 10 percent. Two or more elbows, the combined angles of which equal 90 degrees (1.6 rad) shall be consid- ered equivalent to one 90 -degree (1.6 rad) elbow 803.3.6 Common vent minimum size. A common vent diameter shall be not less than the largest vent connector diameter. 803.3.7 Common vent fittings. Interconnection fittings joining multiple connectors to a common vent shall be the same size as the common vent. 803.3.8 High - altitude installations. The sea level input rating shall be used for determining maximum capacity for high - altitude installations. The actual input, derated for alti- tude, shall be used for determining minimum capacity for high - altitude installations. 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 69 803.3.9 - 804.7 803.3.9 Height and rise measurement. For multiple units of gas utilization equipment all located on one floor, avail- able total height (M shall be measured from the highest draft hood outlet or flue collar up to the level ofthe cap orterminal. Connector rise (R) shall be measured from the draft hood outlet or flue collar to the level where the vent gas streams come together. 803.3.10 Multistory height and measurement. For multi- story installations, the available total height (1) for each segment of the system shall be the vertical distance between the highest draft hood outlet or flue collar entering that segment and the centerline of the next higher interconnection tee (see also Section 801.20). 803.3.11 Multistory lowest portion sizing. The size of the lowest connector and the vertical vent leading to the lowest interconnection of a multistory system shall be in accordance with Table 803.2(1) or 803.2(2), depending on the type of connector, for available total height (1) up to the lowest interconnection (see also Section 801.20). 803.3.12 Common vent offsets. Where used in multistory systems, vertical common vents shall not have offsets (see also Section 801.20). 803.3.13 Vertical vent maximum size. Where two or more appliances are connected to a vertical vent, the cross -sec- tional area of the largest section of vertical vent shall not exceed seven times the smallest listed appliance- categorized vent area, flue collar area or draft hood outlet area unless designed in accordance with approved engineering methods. 803.3.14 Multiple input rate appliances. For appliances with more than one input rate, the minimum vent capacity determined from the tables shall be less than the lowest appliance input rating and the maximum vent capacity deter- mined from the tables shall be greater than the highest appliance input rating. 803.3.15 Liner system sizing. Listed and labeled corrugated metallic chimney liner systems in masonry chimneys shall be sized by using Table 803.3(1) or 803.3(2) for Type B vents, with the maximum capacity reduced by 20 percent and the minimum capacity as shown in Table 803.3(1) or 803.3(2). Corrugated metal vent systems installed with bends or offsets shall have their maximum capacity additionally reduced in accordance with Section 803.3.5 803.3.16 Chimney and vent locations. The tables shall apply only to interior chimneys and vents not exposed to the outdoors below the roof line. Where exterior chimneys and unenclosed exterior vents are utilized to vent gas-fired appli- ances, such chimneys and vents shall be designed, sized and utilized as approved. A Type B vent or listed chimney lining system installed within an exterior masonry chimney shall be sized in accordance with Tables 803.3(1) and 803.3(2). A Type B vent or listed chimney lining system installed within an unused masonry chimney flue shall not be considered to be exposed to the outdoors. 803.3.17 Vent connector limitation. Vent connectors shall not be increased in size more than two sizes greater than the appliance- categorized vent diameter, flue collar diameter or draft hood outlet diameter. Vent connectors shall not be smaller than the appliance - categorized vent diameter, flue collar diameter or draft hood outlet diameter 803.3.18 Vent connector combinations. All combinations of single -wall and double -wall metal pipe and pipe sizes shall be allowed within any connector or common vent, provided that all of the appropriate Tables 803.3(1) through 803.3(4) allow all of such pipe types and sizes, as if used for the entire length of the subject connector or common vent. Where both single -wall and double -wall metal pipes are used, the com- mon vent shall be sized using Table 803.3(2) or 803.3(4) for single -wall metal vent connectors. 803.3.19 Table interpolation. Interpolation shall be permit- ted for the calculation of capacities where vent heights and laterals fall between table entries. 803.3.20 Extrapolation prohibited. Extrapolation beyond the table entries shall be prohibited. SECTION 804 CONNECTORS 804.1 Connectors required. Connectors shall be used to con- nect appliances to the vertical chimney or vent, except where the chimney or vent is attached directly to the appliance. 804.2 Location. Connectors shall be located entirely within the room in which the connecting appliance is located, except as provided for in Section 804 10 4 Where passing through an unheated space, a connector serving a gas appliance shall not be constructed of single -wall pipe. 804.3 Size. The connector shall not be smaller than the size of the flue collar or the size of the outlet of the draft hood supplied by the manufacturer of the appliance except as provided in Section 803 Where the appliance has more than one flue outlet, and in the absence of the manufacturer's specific instructions, the connector area shall be not less than the combined area of the flue outlets for which it acts as a common connector. 804.4 Branch connections. All branch connections to the vent connector shall be made in accordance with the vent manufac- turer's instructions. 804.5 Manual dampers. Manual dampers shall not be installed in connectors except in chimney connectors serving solid fuel - burning appliances. 804.6 Automatic dampers. Automatic dampers shall be listed and labeled in accordance with ANSI Z21.66 for gas -fired heating appliances equipped with draft hoods or in accordance with UL 17 for oil -fired heating appliances. The dampers shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions. An automatic vent damper device shall not be installed on an existing appliance installation unless the appli- ance is listed and labeled and equipped with a draft hood, and the device is installed in accordance with the terms of its listing. The name of the installer and date of installation shall be marked on a label affixed to the damper device. 804.7 Connectors serving two or more appliances. Where two or more connectors enter a common gas vent or chimney, the smaller connector shall enter at the highest level consistent with available headroom or clearance to combustible material. 70 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 804.71 Common connector or manifold. Two or more gas appliances are not prohibited from being vented through a common vent connector or manifold located at the highest level consistent with available (normal) headroom or clear- ance to combustible material. 804.7.2 Size. The manifold or common connector and all junction fittings serving two or more gas appliances shall be sized in accordance with Section 803 804.8 Vent connector construction. Vent connectors shall be constructed of metal. The minimum nominal thickness of the connector shall be 0.019 inch (0.5 mm) (No. 28 Gage) for galvanized steel, 0.022 inch (0.6 mm) (No. 26 B & S Gage) for copper, and 0.020 inch (0.5 mm) (No. 24 B & S Gage) for aluminum. 804.9 Chimney connector construction. Chimney connectors for low -heat appliances shall be of steel pipe having resistance to corrosion and heat not less than that of galvanized steel specified in Table 804 9(1). Connectors for medium -heat appli- ances and high -heat appliances shall be of steel not less than the thickness specified in Table 804 9(2). Table 804.9(1) MINIMUM CHIMNEY CONNECTOR THICKNESS FOR LOW -HEAT APPLIANCES DIAMETER OF CONNECTOR (inches) MINIMUM NOMINAL THICKNESS (galvanized) (inches) 0- 5 0.022 (No. 26 Gage) 6- 9 0.028 (No. 24 Gage) 10-16 0.034 (No. 22 Gage) Greater than 16 0.064 (No. 16 Gage) For SI: I inch = 25 4 mm. TABLE 804.9(2) MINIMUM CHIMNEY CONNECTOR THICKNESS FOR MEDIUM- AND HIGH -HEAT APPLIANCES AREA (square Inches) EQUIVALENT ROUND DIAMETER (Inches) MINIMUM NOMINAL THICKNESS (Inches) 0-154 0 - 14 0.060 (No. 16 Gage) 155-201 15-16 0.075 (No. 14 Gage) 202-254 17-18 0.105 (No. 12 Gage) Greater than 254 Greater than 18 10. 135 (No. 10 Gage) For SI: I inch = 25 4 mm, I square inch = 645 16 nun 804.10 Installation. Connectors shall be installed in accord- ance with Sections 804 10.1 through 804 10.6. 804.10.1 Supports and joints. Connectors shall be sup- ported in an approved manner, and joints shall be fastened with sheet metal screws, rivets or other approved means. 804.10.2 Length. The maximum horizontal length of a con- nector shall be 75 percent of the height of the chimney or 804.71 — TABLE 804.10.4 vent, except that the maximum horizontal length of insulated connectors shall be 100 percent of the height of the chimney or vent. 804.103 Connection. The connector shall extend to the inner face of the chimney or vent liner, but not beyond. A connector entering a masonry chimney shall be cemented to masonry in an approved manner. Where thimbles are in- stalled to facilitate removal of the connector from the ma- sonry chimney, the thimble shall be permanently cemented in place with high - temperature cement. 804.10.4 Connector pass- through. Chimney connectors shall not pass through any floor or ceiling, nor through a fire - resistance-rated wall assembly Chimney connectors for domestic -type appliances shall not pass through walls or partitions constructed of combustible material to reach a masonry chimney unless: I The connector is labeled for wall pass - through and is installed in accordance with the manufacturer's in- structions; or 2. The connector is put through a device labeled for wall pass - through; or 3 The connector has a diameter not larger than 10 inches (254 mm) and is installed in accordance with one of the methods in Table 804 10.4 Concealed metal parts of the pass - through system in contact with flue gases shall be of stainless steel or equivalent material that resists corrosion, softening or cracking up to 1,800 °F (980 °C.). TABLE 804.10.4 CHIMNEY CONNECTOR SYSTEMS AND CLEARANCES TO COMBUSTIBLE WALL MATERIALS FOR DOMESTIC HEATING APPLIANCES" b c, d System A A 31/2- inch -thick brick wall shall be framed into the (12 -inch combustible wall. A 5 /8- inch -thick fire -clay liner clearance) (ASTM C 315 or equivalent)e shall be firmly cemented in the center of the brick wall maintaining a 12 -inch clearance to combustibles. The clay liner shall run from the outer surface of the bricks to the inner surface of the chimney liner. System B A labeled solid - insulated factory-built chimney (9 -inch section (1 -inch insulation) the same inside diameter clearance) as the connector shall be utilized. Sheet metal supports cut to maintain a 9 -inch clearance to combustibles shall be fastened to the wall surface and to the chimney section. Fasteners shall not penetrate the chimney flue liner. The chimney length shall be flush with the masonry chimney liner and sealed to the masonry with water - insoluble refractory cement. Chimney manufacturer's parts shall be utilized to fasten securely the chimney connectorto the chimney section. (continued) 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 711 804.10.6 – 805.3.1 TABLE 804.10.4— continued CHIMNEY CONNECTOR SYSTEMS AND CLEARANCES TO COMBUSTIBLE WALL MATERIALS FOR DOMESTIC HEATING APPLIANCES°' b, C. d System C A sheet metal (minimum No. 24 Gage) ventilated (6 -inch thimble having two ] -inch air channels shall be clearance) installed with a sheet steel chimney connector 18 (minimum No 24 Gage). Sheet steel supports 18 (minimum No. 24 Gage) shall be cut to maintain a 18 6 -inch clearance between the thimble and 6 combustibles. One side of the support shall be Oil unit heaters fastened to the wall on all sides. Glass -fiber insulation 6 shall fill the 6 -inch space between the thimble and the Other low -heat industrial appliances supports. System D A labeled solid - insulated factory -built chimney (2 -inch section (1 -inch insulation) with a diameter 2 inches clearance) larger than the chimney connector shall be installed Masonry or metal connectors with a sheet steel chimney connector (minimum No. All gas, oil and solid fuel appliances 24 Gage). Sheet metal supports shall be positioned to maintain a 2 -inch clearance to combustibles and to hold the chimney connector to ensure that a 1 -inch airspace surrounds the chimney connector through the chimney section. The steel support shall be fastened to the wall on all sides and the chimney section shall be fastened to the supports. Fasteners shall not penetrate the liner of the chimney section. For SI: 1 inch = 25 4 mm. e Insulation material that is part of the wall pass - through system shall be noncombustible and shall have a thermal conductivity of 1.0 Btu in. /ft.2 °F or less. b All clearances and thicknesses are minimums. Materials utilized to seal penetrations for the connector shall be noncombus- tible. d Connectors for all systems except System B shall extend through the wall pass - through system to the inner face of the flue liner. ASTM C 315 804.10.5 Pitch. Connectors shall rise vertically to the chim- ney or vent with a minimum pitch equal to one -fourth unit vertical in 12 units horizontal (2- percent slope). 804.10.6 Clearances. Connectors shall have a minimum clearance to combustibles in accordance with Table 804 10.6. The clearances specified in Table 804 10.6 apply, except where the listing and labeling of an appliance specifies a different clearance, in which case the labeled clearance shall apply The clearance to combustibles for connectors shall be reduced only in accordance with Section 308. TABLE 804.10.6 CONNECTORS CLEARANCES TO COMBUSTIBLES TYPE OF APPLIANCE MINIMUM CLEARANCE (Inches) Domestic -type appliances Chimney and vent connectors TYPE OF APPLIANCE Gas appliances without draft hoods 18 Electric, gas and oil incinerators 18 Oil and solid fuel appliances 18 Gas appliances with draft hoods 6 Gas appliances labeled for venting with Oil unit heaters Type B vents 6 Oil appliances labeled for venting with Other low -heat industrial appliances Type L vents 9 (continued) TABLE 80410.6— continued CONNECTORS CLEARANCES TO COMBUSTIBLES For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm. SECTION 805 DIRECT VENT,,INTEGRAL VENT, MECHANICAL VENT AND VENTILATION /EXHAUST HOOD VENTING 805.1 Direct -vent terminations. The vent terminal of a direct vent appliance with an input of 50,000 Btu/h (14 7 kW) or Iess shall be located not less than 9 inches (229 mm) from any opening through which flue gases could enter a building, and such an appliance with an input over 50,000 Btu/h (14 7 kW) shall require a vent termination clearance of not less than 12 inches (305 mm). The bottom of the vent terminal and air intake shall be located not less than 12 inches (305 mm) above grade. 805.2 Appliances with integral vents. Appliances incorporat- ing integral venting means shall be installed in accordance with their listings and the manufacturer's installation instructions. 805.2.1 Terminal clearances. Appliances designed for natu- ral draft venting and incorporating integral venting means shall be located so that a minimum clearance of 9 inches (229 mm) is maintained between vent terminals and from any openings through which combustion products enter the building. Appliances using forced draft venting shall be located so that a minimum clearance of 12 inches (305 mm) is maintained between vent terminals and from any openings through which combustion products enter the building. 805.3 Mechanical draft systems. Mechanical draft systems of either forced or induced draft design shall comply with Sections 805.3 1 through 805.3 7 805.3.1 Forced draft systems. Forced draft systems and all portions of induced draft systems under positive pressure during operation shall be designed and installed so as to be gas tight to prevent leakage of combustion products into a building. 72 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE MINIMUM CLEARANCE I TYPE OF APPLIANCE (Inches) Commercial, industrial -type appliances Low -heat appliances Chimney connectors Gas, oil and solid fuel boilers, furnaces and water heaters 18 Oil unit heaters 18 Gas unit heaters with draft hoods 6 Other low -heat industrial appliances 18 Medium-heat appliances Chimney connectors All gas, oil and solid fuel appliances 36 High -heat appliances Masonry or metal connectors All gas, oil and solid fuel appliances (As determined by the code official) For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm. SECTION 805 DIRECT VENT,,INTEGRAL VENT, MECHANICAL VENT AND VENTILATION /EXHAUST HOOD VENTING 805.1 Direct -vent terminations. The vent terminal of a direct vent appliance with an input of 50,000 Btu/h (14 7 kW) or Iess shall be located not less than 9 inches (229 mm) from any opening through which flue gases could enter a building, and such an appliance with an input over 50,000 Btu/h (14 7 kW) shall require a vent termination clearance of not less than 12 inches (305 mm). The bottom of the vent terminal and air intake shall be located not less than 12 inches (305 mm) above grade. 805.2 Appliances with integral vents. Appliances incorporat- ing integral venting means shall be installed in accordance with their listings and the manufacturer's installation instructions. 805.2.1 Terminal clearances. Appliances designed for natu- ral draft venting and incorporating integral venting means shall be located so that a minimum clearance of 9 inches (229 mm) is maintained between vent terminals and from any openings through which combustion products enter the building. Appliances using forced draft venting shall be located so that a minimum clearance of 12 inches (305 mm) is maintained between vent terminals and from any openings through which combustion products enter the building. 805.3 Mechanical draft systems. Mechanical draft systems of either forced or induced draft design shall comply with Sections 805.3 1 through 805.3 7 805.3.1 Forced draft systems. Forced draft systems and all portions of induced draft systems under positive pressure during operation shall be designed and installed so as to be gas tight to prevent leakage of combustion products into a building. 72 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 805.3.2 Automatic shutoff. Power exhausters shall be elec- trically connected to each appliance to prevent operation of the appliance when the power exhauster is not in operation. 805.3.3 Termination. The termination of chimneys or vents equipped with power exhausters shall be located a minimum of 10 feet (3048 mm) from the lot line or from adjacent buildings. The exhaust shall be directed away from the build- ing. 805.3.4 Horizontal terminations. Horizontal terminations shall comply with the following requirements. 1 Where located adjacent to walkways, the termination of mechanical draft systems shall be not less than 7 feet (2134 mm) above the level of the walkway 2. Vents shall terminate at least 3 feet (914 mm) above any forced air inlet located within 10 feet (3048 mm). 3 The vent system shall terminate at least 4 feet (1219 mm) below, 4 feet (1219 mm) horizontally from or 1 foot (305 mm) above any door, window or gravity air inlet into the building. 4 The vent termination point shall not be located closer than 3 feet (914 mm) to an interior corner formed by two walls perpendicular to each other. 5 The vent termination shall not be mounted directly above or within 3 feet (914 mm) horizontally from an oil tank vent or gas meter. 6 The bottom of the vent termination shall be located at least 12 inches (305 mm) above fmished grade. 805.3.5 Vertical terminations. Vertical terminations shall comply with the following requirements: 1 Where located adjacent to walkways, the termination of mechanical draft systems shall be not less than 7 feet (2134 mm) above the level of the walkway 2. Vents shall terminate at least 3 feet (914 mm) above any forced air inlet located within 10 feet (3048 mm). 3 Where the vent termination is located below an adja- cent roof structure, the termination point shall be located at least 3 feet (914 mm) from such structure. 4 The vent shall terminate at least 4 feet (1.219 mm) below, 4 feet (1219 mm) horizontally from, or I foot (305 mm) above any door, window or gravity air inlet for the building. 5 A vent cap shall be installed to prevent rain from entering the vent system. 6. The vent termination shall be located at least 3 feet (914 mm) horizontally from any portion of the roof structure. 805.3.6 Exhauster connections. A gas appliance vented by natural draft shall not be connected into a vent, chimney or vent connector on the discharge side of a mechanical flue exhauster 805.3.7 Exhauster sizing. Mechanical flue exhausters and the vent system served shall be sized and installed in accord- ance with the manufacturer's installation instructions. 805.3.2 — 806.4 805.4 Ventilating hoods and exhaust systems. Ventilating hoods and exhaust systems used to vent gas - burning appliances shall comply with Sections 805 4 1 and 805 4.2 and such ap- plications shall be limited to commercial occupancies. 805.4.1 Dampers. Where automatically operated appliances, such as water heaters, are vented through natural draft venti- lating hoods, dampers shall not be installed in the ventilating system. 805.4.2 Control interlock. Where the ventilating hood or exhaust system is equipped with power means of exhaust, the appliance control system shall be interlocked so as to permit appliance operation only when the power means of exhaust is in operation. SECTION 806 FACTORY -BUILT CHIMNEYS 806.1 Listing. Factory-built chimneys shall be listed and la- beled and shall be installed and terminated in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions. 806.2 Solid fuel appliances. Factory-built chimneys for use with solid fuel- burning appliances shall comply with the Type HT requirements of UL 103 Exceptions: 1 Chimneys for use with factory-built fireplaces shall comply with the requirements of UL 127 2. Chimneys for use with fireplace stoves listed only to UL 737 shall comply with the requirements ofUL 103 806.3 Support. Where factory-built chimneys are supported by structural members, such as joists and rafters, such members shall be designed to support the additional load. 806.4 Medium -heat appliances. Factory-built chimneys for medium -heat appliances producing flue gases having a tem- perature above 1,000 °F (538 °C.), measured at the entrance to the chimney, shall comply with UL 959 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 73 74 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE CHAPTER 9 SPECIFIC APPLIANCES, FIREPLACES AND SOLID FUEL - BURNING EQUIPMENT SECTION 901 GENERAL 901.1 Scope. This chapter shall govern the approval, design, installation, construction, maintenance, alteration and repair of the appliances and equipment specifically identified herein and factory-built fireplaces. 901.2 General. The requirements of this chapter shall apply to the mechanical equipment and appliances regulated by this chapter, in addition to the other requirements of this code. 9013 Hazardous locations. Fireplaces, solid fuel- burning ap- pliances and decorative gas appliances accessory to fireplaces shall not be installed in hazardous locations. 901.4 Fireplace accessories. Listed fireplace accessories shall be installed in accordance with the conditions of the listing and the manufacturer's installation instructions. SECTION 902 MASONRY FIREPLACES 902.1 General. Masonry fireplaces shall be constructed in accordance with the building code. SECTION 903 FACTORY -BUILT FIREPLACES 903.1 General. Factory-built fireplaces shall be listed and labeled and shall be installed in accordance with the conditions of the listing. Factory-built fireplaces shall be tested in accord- ance with UL 127 903.2 Hearth extensions. Hearth extensions of approved fac- tory-built fireplaces and fireplace stoves shall be installed in accordance with the listing of the fireplace. The hearth exten- sion shall be readily distinguishable from the surrounding floor area. SECTION 904 PELLET FUEL - BURNING APPLIANCES 904.1 General. Pellet fuel- burning appliances shall be listed and labeled and shall be installed in accordance with the terms of the listing. SECTION 905 FIREPLACE STOVES AND ROOM HEATERS 905.1 General. Fireplace stoves and solid -fuel -type room heat- ers shall be listed and labeled and shall be installed in accord- ance with the conditions of the listing. Fireplace stoves shall be tested in accordance with UL 737 Solid -fuel -type room heaters shall be tested in accordance with UL 1482. Fireplace inserts intended for installation in fireplaces shall be listed and labeled and shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions. 905.2 Connection to fireplace. The connection of solid fuel appliances to chimney flues serving fireplaces shall comply with Sections 801 7 and 801 10 SECTION 906 FACTORY -BUILT BARBECUE APPLIANCES 906.1 General. Factory-built barbecue appliances shall be of an approved type and shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions and Chapters 3, 5, 7, 8, 9 and 13 SECTION 907 DECORATIVE GAS -FIRED APPLIANCES FOR INSTALLATION IN VENTED FIREPLACES 907.1 General. Decorative gas -fired appliances designed for installation in approved solid fuel- burning fireplaces shall be listed and labeled and shall be installed in accordance with the conditions of the listing. 907.2 Flame safeguard device. Decorative gas appliances for installation in solid fuel- burning fireplaces shall have the main burner ignition by means of a direct ignition device, an ignitor or a pilot flame to ignite the fuel at the main burner, and shall be equipped with a flame safeguard device. The flame safe- guard device shall automatically shut off the fuel supply to a main burner or group of burners when the means of ignition of such burners becomes inoperative. 907.3 Fixed dampers. Manual fireplace dampers are required to be fixed in a manner that maintains the gas appliance manu- facturer's required minimum permanent vent opening at all times. 907.4 Shutoff valves. Shutoff valves required by Section 1305 1 and serving decorative gas -fired appliances shall be located outside of the fireplace firebox, adjacent to and in the same room as the fireplace. SECTION 908 GAS -FIRED LOG LIGHTERS 908.1 Approval and installation. Gas -fired log lighters shall be listed and labeled and shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions. 908.2 Shutoff valves. Shutoff valves required by Section 1305 1 and serving gas -fired log lighters shall be installed in accordance with Section 907 4 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 76 909-913.4 SECTION 909 VENTED GAS -FIRED DECORATIVE APPLIANCES 909.1 General. Vented gas -fired decorative appliances shall be listed and labeled and shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions. Such appliances shall be tested in accordance with ANSI Z21.50 and shall be de- signed and equipped as specified in Section 907.2. SECTION 910 INCINERATORS AND CREMATORIES 910.1 General. Incinerators and crematories shall be listed and labeled in accordance with UL 791 and shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions. SECTION 911 COOLING TOWERS, EVAPORATIVE CONDENSERS AND FLUID COOLERS 911.1 General. A cooling tower used in conjunction with an air - conditioning appliance shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions. 911.2 Access. Cooling towers, evaporative condensers and fluid coolers shall be readily accessible. 911.3 Location.. Cooling towers, evaporative condensers and fluid coolers shall be located to prevent the discharge vapor plumes from entering occupied spaces. Plume discharges shall be not less than 5 feet (1524 mm) above or 20 feet (6096 mm) away from any ventilation inlet to a building. Location on the property shall be as required for buildings by the building code. 911.4 Support and anchorage. Supports for cooling towers, evaporative condensers and fluid coolers shall be designed in accordance with the building code. Seismic restraints shall be as required by the building code. 911.5 Water supply. Water supplies and backflow protection shall be as required by the plumbing code. 911.6 Drainage. Drains, overflows and blow -down provisions shall be indirectly connected to an approved disposal location. Discharge of chemical waste shall be approved by the appro- priate regulatory authority 911.7 Electrical. Electrical systems shall be in accordance with NFPA 70 SECTION 912 VENTED WALL FURNACES 912.1 General. Vented wall furnaces shall be installed in accordance with their listing and the manufacturer's installa- tion instructions. Gas-fired furnaces shall be tested in accord- ance with ANSI Z21 49 or UL 795 Oil -fired furnaces shall be tested in accordance with UL 730 912.2 Venting. Vented wall furnaces shall be vented in accord- ance with Section 802.2. 912.3 Location. Vented wall furnaces shall be located so as not to cause a fire hazard to walls, floors, combustible furnishings or doors. Vented wall furnaces installed between bathrooms and adjoining rooms shall not circulate air from bathrooms to other parts of the building. 912.4 Door swing. Vented wall furnaces shall be located so that a door cannot swing within 12 inches (305 mm) of an air inlet or air outlet of such furnace measured at right angles to the opening. Doorstops or door closers shall not be installed to obtain this clearance. 912.5 Ducts prohibited. Ducts shall not be attached to wall furnaces. Casing extension boots shall not be installed unless listed as part of the appliance. 912.6 Manual shutoff valve. A manual shutoff valve shall be installed ahead of all controls, including the pilot gas valve. 912.7 Accessibility. Vented wall furnaces shall be accessible for cleaning of heating surfaces, removal of burners, replace- ment of sections, motors, controls, filters and other working parts, and for adjustments and lubrication of parts requiring such attention. Panels, grilles and access doors that must be removed for normal servicing operations shall not be attached to the building construction. SECTION 913 FLOOR FURNACES 913.1 General. Floor furnaces shall be installed in accordance with their listing and the manufacturer's installation instruc- tions. Gas-fired floor furnaces shall be tested in accordance with ANSI Z21 48 or UL 795 Oil -fired furnaces shall be tested in accordance with UL 729 913.2 Placement. Floor furnaces shall not be installed in the floor of any aisle or passageway of any auditorium, public hall, place of assembly, or in any egress element from any such room or space. With the exception of wall register models, a floor furnace shall not be placed closer than 6 inches (152 mm) to the nearest wall, and wall register models shall not be placed closer than 6 inches (152 mm) to a corner. The furnace shall be placed such that a drapery or similar combustible object will not be nearer than 12 inches (305 mm) to any portion of the register of the furnace. Floor furnaces shall not be installed in concrete floor construction built on grade. The controlling thermostat for a floor furnace shall be located within the same room or space as the floor furnace or shall be located in an adjacent room or space that is permanently open to the room or space containing the floor furnace. 913.3 Bracing. The floor around the furnace shall be braced and headed with a support framework design in accordance with the building code. 913.4 Clearance. The lowest portion of the floor furnace shall have not less than a 6 -inch (152 mm) clearance from the grade level, except where the lower 6 -inch (152 mm) portion of the floor furnace is sealed by the manufacturer to prevent entrance of water, the minimum clearance shall be reduced to not less than 2 inches (51 mm). Where these clearances are not present, the ground below and to the sides shall be excavated to form a pit under the furnace so that the required clearance is provided beneath the lowest portion of the furnace. A 12 -inch (305 mm) minimum clearance shall be provided on all sides except the 76 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE control side, which shall have an 18 -inch (457 mm) minimum clearance. SECTION 914 DUCT FURNACES 914.1 General. Duct furnaces shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions. Gas -fired duct furnaces shall be tested in accordance with ANSI Z83.9 or UL 795 Electric furnaces shall be tested in accordance with UL 1995 SECTION 915 DIRECT-FIRED AIR- HEATING EQUIPMENT 915.1 General. Direct -fired air- heating equipment shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions. 915.2 Location. Direct -fired makeup air heaters and direct - fired industrial air heaters shall be installed only in storage facilities, factory and industrial occupancies, public garages, commercial laundries and dry cleaners and commercial kitch- ens. Direct -fired air - heating equipment shall not be installed in occupancies of Use Groups A, B, E, I and R. Direct -fired industrial air heaters shall not be utilized in hazardous locations or where exposed to substances that are made toxic by exposure to flames. Exceptions: 1 Direct -fired air - heating equipment shall not be pro- hibited in unenclosed spaces in outdoor assembly buildings. 2. Where utilized temporarily in a building under con- struction. 915.3 Relief openings. Relief air openings or exhaust systems or both shall be provided and designed to provide the required air flow through the direct -fired air- heating equipment. Motor- ized dampers and exhaust systems provided for this purpose shall be interlocked with the direct gas-fired equipment to prevent operation of the equipment when the dampers are closed or the exhaust system is inoperative. 915.4 Access. Direct -fired makeup air and industrial air heaters shall be accessible for removal of burners, replacement of motors, controls, filters and other working parts; and for adjust- ment and lubrication of parts requiring maintenance. 915.5 Makeup air heaters. Direct -fired makeup air heaters shall not convey air other than outdoor air and shall be used only for heating incoming outside air for the purpose of replac- ing air exhausted from the space served. Exception: Air that is introduced into the system down- stream of the combustion zone shall be outdoor air or indoor air. 915.6 Location. The fresh air intake for a direct -fired makeup air heater shall be located so that contaminated air will not be drawn in from exhaust stacks. 915.7 Intake openings. Where provided with dampers, out- door air intake openings utilized with direct -fired makeup air 914-917.3 heaters shall be interlocked with the heater to prevent heater operation when the dampers are closed. 915.8 Direct gas -fired and oil -fired industrial air heaters. Industrial air heaters shall be listed and labeled. Direct gas -fired heaters shall comply with ANSI Z83 18 or UL 795 Direct oil -fired heaters shall comply with UL 733 915.9 Location. The fresh air intake for a direct -fired industrial air heater shall be located so that contaminated air will not be drawn in from exhaust stacks, chimneys or vents. 915.10 Ventilation air. Where direct gas -fired industrial air heaters are utilized in any space, such space shall be provided with outdoor ventilation air at a rate of not less than 4 cfm (0.0019 m' /s) for each'1,000 Btulh (0.293 kW) of rated input of the heater. The ventilation air supply system and all motor- ized dampers shall be interlocked with the heater to prevent heater operation when the dampers are closed or the outdoor supply system is inoperative. 915.11 Atmospheric vents. Valve train components, including gas reliefs, gas bleeds and devices such as gas pressure regula- tors and pressure switches that require atmospheric vents, shall be vented to an approved location outside the building by means of approved piping or tubing. 915.11.1 Vent terminations. Vent lines and bleeds shall be provided with a means to prevent water from entering and to prevent stoppage caused by insects and foreign matter. 915.11.2 Vent - limiting devices. Vent lines are not required to be provided on components equipped with, and listed for use with, vent - limiting devices. SECTION 916 INFRARED RADIANT HEATERS 916.1 Support. Infrared radiant heaters shall be safely and adequately fixed in an approved position independent of gas and electric supply lines. Hangers and brackets shall be non- combustible material. 916.2 Clearances. Heaters shall be installed with clearances from combustible material in accordance with the manufac- turer's installation instructions. SECTION 917 CLOTHES DRYERS 917.1 General. Clothes dryers shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions. Gas clothes dryers shall be tested in accordance with ANSI Z21.5 1 and ANSI Z21.5.2. Electric residential clothes dryers shall be tested in accordance with an approved test standard. Electric commer- cial clothes dryers shall be tested in accordance with UL 1240. Electric coin- operated clothes dryers shall be tested in accord- ance with UL 1556. 917.2 Exhaust required. Clothes dryers shall be exhausted in accordance with Section 504 917.3 Clearances. Clothes dryers shall be installed with clear- ance to combustibles in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions. 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 77 917:4 - 922.1 917.4 Independent exhaust. An exhaust from a dryer shall not connect to any vent, chimney or other exhaust duct. SECTION 918 ILLUMINATING APPLIANCES 918.1 General. Illuminating appliances shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions. 918.2 Mounting on buildings. Illuminating appliances de- signed for wall or ceiling mounting shall be securely attached to substantial structures in such a manner that they are not dependent on the gas piping for support. 918.3 Mounting posts. Illuminating appliances designed for post mounting shall be securely and rigidly attached to a post. SECTION 919 SAUNA HEATERS 919.1 Location and protection. Sauna heaters shall be located so as to minimize the possibility of accidental contact by a person in the room. 919.1.1 Guards. Sauna heaters shall be protected from accidental contact by an approved guard or barrier of mate- rial having a low coefficient of thermal conductivity The guard shall not substantially affect the transfer of heat from the heater to the room. 919.2 Installation. Sauna heaters shall be listed and labeled and shall be - installed in accordance with its listing and the manufacturer's installation instructions. 919.3 Access. Panels, grilles and access doors that are required to be removed for normal servicing operations, shall not be attached to the building. 919.4 Combustion and dilution air intakes. Sauna heaters of other than the direct- vent -type shall be installed with the draft hood and combustion air intake located outside the sauna room. Where the combustion air inlet and the draft hood are in a dressing room adjacent to the sauna room, there shall be provi- sions to prevent physically blocking the combustion air inlet and the draft hood inlet, and to prevent physical contact with the draft hood and vent assembly, or warning notices shall be posted to avoid such contact. Any warning notice shall be easily readable, shall contrast with its background, and the wording shall be .in letters not less than I/4 inch (6.4 mm) high. 919.5 Combustion and ventilation air. Combustion air shall not be taken from inside the sauna room. Adequate combustion and ventilation air for a sauna heater not of the direct- vent -type shall be provided to the area in which the combustion air inlet and draft hood are located in accordance with Chapter 7 919.6 Heat and time controls. Sauna heaters shall be equipped with a thermostat which will limit room temperature to 194T (90 °C.). If the thermostat is not an integral part of the sauna heater, the heat- sensing element shall be located within 6 inches (152 mm) of the ceiling. If the heat - sensing element is a capillary tube and bulb, the assembly shall be attached to the wall or other support, and shall be protected against physical damage. 919.6.1 Timers. A timer, if provided to control main burner operation, shall have a maximum operating time of 1 hour The control for the timer shall be located outside the sauna room. 919.7 Sauna room. A ventilation opening into the sauna room shall be provided. The opening shall be not less than 4 inches by 8 inches (102 mm by 203 mm) located near the top of the door into the sauna room. 919.7 1 Warning notice. The following permanent notice, constructed of approved material, shall be mechanically attached to the sauna room on the outside: WARNING DO NOT EXCEED 30 MINUTES IN SAUNA. EXCESSIVE EXPOSURE CAN BE HARMFUL TO HEALTH. ANY PERSON WITH POOR HEALTH SHOULD CONSULT A PHYSICIAN BEFORE USING SAUNA. The words shall contrast with the background and the word- ing shall be in letters not less than 1/4 inch (6.4 nun) high. Exception. This section shall not apply to one- and two - family dwellings. SECTION 920 ENGINE AND GAS TURBINE - POWERED EQUIPMENT 920.1 General. The installation of gas - fueled and liquid - fueled stationary internal combustion engines and gas turbines, in- cluding fuel storage and piping, shall meet the requirements of NFPA 37 920.2 Powered equipment. Permanently installed equipment powered by intemal combustion engines and turbines shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions and in accordance with NFPA 37 SECTION 921 POOL AND SPA HEATERS 921.1 General. Pool and spa heaters shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions. Gas-fired pool and spa heaters shall be tested in accordance with ANSI Z21.56. Oil -fired pool heaters shall be tested in accordance with UL 726. SECTION 922 COOKING APPLIANCES 922.1 Cooking appliances. Cooking appliances that are de- signed for permanent installation, including ranges, ovens, stoves, broilers, grills, fryers, griddles and barbecues, shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions. Gas -fired cooking appliances shall be tested in accordance with ANSI Z21 1, ANSI Z21.58, ANSI Z83 11, ANSI Z83 12, ANSI Z83 13, ANSI Z83 14 or ANSI Z83 15 Oil - burning stoves shall be tested in accordance with UL 896 78 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE SECTION 923 FORCED -AIR WARM -AIR FURNACES 923.1 Forced -air furnaces. The minimum unobstructed total area of the outside and return air ducts or openings to a forced - air warm -air furnace shall be not less than 2 square inches per 1,000 Btu/h (4403.8 mm2AW) output rating capacity of the furnace. The total area of the outside and return air ducts or openings is not required to be larger than the minimum indi- cated by the conditions of listing of the furnace. Forced -air furnaces shall be installed in accordance with the listings and the manufacturer's installation instructions. Gas -fired furnaces shall be tested in accordance with ANSI Z21 47 or UL 795 Oil -fired furnaces shall be tested in accordance with UL 727 Electric furnaces shall be tested in accordance with UL 1096 or UL 1995 Solid fuel furnaces shall be tested in accordance with UL 391 923.2 Heat pumps. The minimum unobstructed total area of the outside and return air ducts or openings to a heat pump shall be not less than 6 square inches per 1,000 Btu/h (13 208 mm2/kW) output rating or as indicated by the conditions of listing of the heat pump. Electric heat pumps shall be tested in accordance with UL 559 923.3 Dampers. Volume dampers shall not be placed in the air inlet to a furnace in a manner which will reduce the required air to the furnace. 923A Circulating air ducts for forced -air warm -air fur- naces. Circulating air for fuel- burning, forced -air -type, warm - air furnaces shall be conducted into the blower housing from outside the furnace enclosure by continuous air -tight ducts. 923.5 Prohibited sources. Outside or return air for a forced -air heating system shall not be taken from the following locations. 1 Closer than 10 feet (3048 mm) from an appliance vent outlet, a vent opening from a plumbing drainage system or the discharge outlet of an exhaust fan, unless the outlet is 3 feet (914 mm) above the outside air inlet. 2. Where there is the presence of objectionable odors, fumes or flammable vapors; or where located less than 10 feet (3048 mm) above the surface of any abutting public way or driveway; or where located at grade level by a side- walk, street, alley or driveway 3 A hazardous or insanitary location or a refrigeration machinery room as defined in this code. 4 An area, the volume of which is less than 25 percent of the entire volume served by such system, unless there is a permanent opening to the area, the volume of which is equal to 25 percent of the entire volume served. This permanent opening, where used to provide return air to a warm -air furnace, shall be of sufficient area to comply with Sections 923 1 and 923.2. Exception: Such opening, where used for a warm -air furnace in a dwelling unit, shall not be reduced to less than 50 percent of the required area, provided that the balance of the required return air is taken from a room or hall having at least three doors leading to other rooms served by the furnace. 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 923-925.3 5 A room or space having fuel - burning appliances therein. Exception: This shall not apply to: Residential cooking appliances, direct -vent ap- pliances, enclosed furnaces and domestic -type clothes dryers installed within the room or space. 2. A gravity -type or vented wall furnace. 3. A forced -air system complying with the follow- ing requirements: 3 1 The return air shall be taken from a room or space having a volume exceeding 1 cubic foot for each 10 Btu/h (9.6 L/W) fuel input rate of all fuel- burning appli- ances therein. 3.2. Not less than 75 percent of the supply air shall be discharged back into the same room or space. 3.3 Return-air inlets shall not be located within 10 feet (3048 mm) of any appli- ance firebox or draft diverter in the same enclosed room or confined space. 6. A closet, bathroom, toilet room or kitchen. 923.6 Screen. Required outside -air inlets shall be covered with a screen having' /4 -inch (6.4 mm) openings. Exception: An outside -air inlet serving a nonresidential portion of a building shall be covered with screen having openings larger than 1/4 inch (6.4 mm) and not larger than 1 inch (25 mm). 923.7 Return -air limitation. Return air from one dwelling unit shall not be discharged into another dwelling unit. SECTION 924 CONVERSION BURNERS 924.1 Conversion burners. The installation of conversion burners shall conform to ANSI Z21.8. SECTION 925 UNIT HEATERS 925.1 General. Unit heaters shall be installed in accordance with the listing and the manufacturer's installation instructions. Gas -fired unit heaters shall be tested in accordance with ANSI Z83.8 or UL 795 Oil -fired unit heaters shall be tested in accordance with UL 731 925.2 Support. Suspended -type gas -fired unit heaters shall be supported by elements that are designed and constructed to accommodate the weight and dynamic loads. Hangers and brackets shall be of noncombustible material. Suspended -type oil -fired unit heaters shall be installed in accordance with NFPA 31 925.3 Ductwork. A unit heater shall not be attached to a warm -air duct system unless listed for such installation. 79 926 - 9271 SECTION 926 UNVENTED ROOM HEATERS 926.1 General. An unvented room heater shall not be used as the sole source of comfort heating in a dwelling unit. 926.2 Input rating. Unvented room heaters shall not have an input rating in excess of 40,000 Btu/h (11 7 kW). 926.3 Prohibited locations. Unvented room heaters shall not be installed within occupancies in Use Groups A, E and I. The location of unvented room heaters shall also comply with Section 303.3 926.4 Room or space volume. The aggregate input rating of all unvented appliances installed in a room or space shall not exceed 20 Btu/h per cubic foot (0.21 kW /m3) of volume of such room or space. Where the room or space in which the equipment is installed is directly connected to another room or space by a doorway, archway or other opening of comparable size that cannot be closed, the volume of such adjacent room or space shall be permitted to be included in the calculations. 926.5 Oxygen- depletion safety system. Unvented room heat- ers shall be equipped with an oxygen - depletion- sensitive safety shutoff system. The system shall shut off the gas supply to the main and pilot burners when the oxygen in the surrounding atmosphere is depleted to the percent concentration specified by the manufacturer, but not lower than 18 percent. The system shall not incorporate field adjustment means capable of chang- ing the set point at which the system acts to shut off the gas supply to the room heater. 926.6 Kerosene and oil stoves. Kerosene and oil -fired stoves shall comply with NFPA 31 SECTION 927 VENTED ROOM HEATERS 927.1 General. Vented gas-fired room heaters shall be listed and labeled and shall be installed in accordance with the con- ditions of the listing and the manufacturer's instructions. Such appliances shall be tested in accordance with ANSI Z21 11 1 and shall be designed and equipped as specified in Section 907.2. 60 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE CHAPTER 10 BOILERS, WATER HEATERS AND PRESSURE VESSELS SECTION 1001 GENERAL 1001.1 Scope. This chapter shall govern the installation, altera- tion and repair of boilers, water heaters and pressure vessels. Exceptions: 1 Pressure vessels used for unheated water supply 2. Portable unfired pressure vessels and Interstate Com- merce Commission containers. 3 Containers for liquefied petroleum gases, bulk oxygen and medical gas. 4 Unfired pressure vessels having a volume of 5 cubic feet (0.14 m3) or less operating at pressures not ex- ceeding 250 psi (1724 kPa) and located within occu- pancies of Use Groups B, F, H, M, R, S and U 5 Pressure vessels used in refrigeration systems that are regulated by Chapter 11 of this code. 6. Pressure tanks used in conjunction with coaxial cables telephone cables, power cables and other similar hu- midity control systems. 7 Any boiler or pressure vessel subject to inspection by federal or state inspectors. SECTION 1002 WATER HEATERS 1002.1 General. Potable water heaters and hot water storage tanks shall be listed and labeled and installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions, the plumbing code and this code. All water heaters shall be capable of being removed without fast removing a permanent portion of the building structure. The potable water connections and relief valves for all water heaters shall conform to the requirements of the plumbing code. 1002.2 Water heaters utilized for space heating. Water heat- ers utilized both to supply potable hot water and provide hot water for space- heating applications shall be listed and labeled for such applications by the manufacturer and shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions. 1002.2.1 Sizing. Water heaters utilized for both potable water heating and space- heating applications shall be sized to pre- vent the space - heating load from diminishing the required potable water heating capacity SECTION 1003 PRESSURE VESSELS 1003.1 General. All pressure vessels shall bear the label of an approved agency and shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions. 1003.2 Piping. All piping materials, fittings, joints, connec- tions and devices associated with systems utilized in conjunc- tion with pressure vessels shall be designed for the specific application and shall be approved. 1003.3 Welding. Welding on pressure vessels shall be per- formed by approved welders in compliance with nationally recognized standards. SECTION 1004 BOILERS 1004.1 Standards. Boilers and their control systems shall be designed and constructed in accordance with the requirements ofone or more ofthe following standards: ANSI Z21 13, ASN E Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Sections I and IV, ASME CSD -1, NFPA 8501, NFPA 8502, NFPA 8504, UL 726, UL 795 or UL 834 1004.2 Installation. In addition to the requirements of this code, the installation of boilers shall conform to the manufac- turer's instructions. Operating instructions of a permanent type shall be attached to the boiler. Boilers shall have all controls set, adjusted and tested by the installer. A complete control diagram together with complete boiler operating instructions shall be furnished by the installer. The manufacturer's rating data and the nameplate shall be attached to the boiler. 1004.3 Working clearance. Clearances shall be maintained around boilers, generators, heaters, tanks and related equipment so as to permit inspection, servicing, repair, replacement and visibility of all gauges. When boilers are installed or replaced, clearance shall be provided to allow access for inspection, maintenance and repair. Passageways around all sides of boilers shall have an unobstructed width of not less than 18 inches (457 mm), unless otherwise approved. 10043.1 Top clearance. High - pressure steam boilers having a steam - generating capacity in excess of 5,000 pounds per hour (2268 kg/h) or having a heating surface in excess of 1,000 square feet (93 m2) or input in excess of 5,000,000 Btu/h (1465 kW) shall have a minimum clearance of 7 feet (2134 mm) from the top of the boiler to the ceiling. Steam - heating boilers and hot - water - heating boilers that exceed one of the following limits: 5,000,000 Btu/h input (1465 kW); 5,000 pounds of steam per hour (2268 kg/h) capacity or 1,000 -square-foot (93 m2) of heating surface; and high -pres- sure steam boilers that do not exceed one of the following limits: 5,000,000 Btu/h input (1465 kW); 5,000 pounds of steam per hour (2268 kg/h) capacity or 1,000- square-foot (93 m2) heating surface; and all boilers with manholes on top of the boiler, shall have a minimum clearance of 3 feet (914 mm) from the top ofthe boiler to the ceiling. Package boilers, steam - heating boilers and hot - water - heating boilers without manholes on top of the shell and not exceeding one of the 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 81 1004.4 - 1006.7.4 limits of this section shall have a minimum clearance of 2 feet (61.0 mm) -from the ceiling. 1004.4 Mounting. Equipment shall be set or mounted on a level base capable of supporting and distributing the weight contained thereon. Boilers, tanks and equipment shall be se- curely anchored to the structure. Equipment requiring vibration isolation shall be installed as designed by a registered design professional. 1004.5 Floors. Boilers shall be mounted on floors of noncom- bustible construction, unless listed for mounting on combusti- ble flooring. 1004.6 Boiler rooms and enclosures. Boiler rooms and enclo- sures and access thereto shall comply with the building code and Chapter 3 of this code. Boiler rooms shall be equipped with a floor drain or other approved means for disposing of liquid waste. 1004.7 Operating adjustments and instructions. Hot water and steam boilers shall have all controls set, adjusted and tested by the installing contractor. A complete control diagram and boiler operating instructions shall be furnished by the installer for each installation. SECTION 1005 BOILER CONNECTIONS 1005.1 Valves. Every boiler or battery of modular units shall have a shutoff valve in the supply and return piping. For multiple boiler or battery of modular unit installations, each boiler or battery of modular units shall have individual shutoff valves in the supply and return piping. Exception. Shutoff valves are not required in a system having a single low - pressure steam boiler. 1005.2 Potable water supply. The water supply to all boilers shall be connected in accordance with the plumbing code. SECTION 1006 SAFETY AND PRESSURE RELIEF VALVES AND CONTROLS 1006.1 Safety valve for steam boilers. All steam boilers shall be protected with a safety valve. 1006.2 Safety relief valves for hot water boilers. Hot water boilers shall be protected with a safety relief valve. 1006.3 Pressure relief for pressure vessels. All pressure ves- sels shall be protected with a pressure relief valve or pressure - limiting device as required by the manufacturer's installation instructions for the pressure vessel. 1006.4 Approval of safety and safety relief valves. Safety and safety relief valves shall be listed and labeled. Safety and safety relief valves shall have a minimum rated capacity for the equipment served. Safety and safety relief valves shall be set at a maximum of the nameplate pressure rating of the boiler or pressure vessel. 1006.5 installation. Safety or relief valves shall be installed directly into the safety or relief valve opening on the boiler or pressure vessel. Valves shall not be located on either side of a safety or relief valve connection. The relief valve shall dis- charge by gravity 1006.6 Safety and relief valve discharge. Safety and relief valve discharge pipes shall be of rigid pipe that is approved for the temperature of the system. The discharge pipe shall be the same diameter as the safety or relief valve outlet. Safety and relief valves shall not discharge so as to be a hazard, a potential cause of damage or otherwise a nuisance. High- pressure -steam safety valves shall be vented to outside of the structure. Where a low - pressure safety valve or a relief valve discharges to the drainage system, the installation shall conform to the plumbing code. 1006.7 Boiler safety devices. Boilers shall be equipped with controls and limit devices as set forth in Table 1006.7, or as required by the standards listed in Section 1004 1 Boiler grouping shall be determined based on the type fuel and the input rating in accordance with Table 1006.7 1006.71 Flame supervision. Boilers shall have one flame failure device on each burner which shall prove the presence of a suitable ignition source at the point where it will reliably ignite the main burner. Boilers that are classified as boiler group A and are equipped with a continuous pilot, shall accomplish 100 percent shutoff within 90 seconds upon pilot flame failure. Exceptions: 1 Only the main burner is required to be monitored in boilers classified as boiler group A, B, E, F or G that are equipped with direct electric ignition. 2. Only the main burner is required to be monitored after the prescribed limited trial and ignition peri- ods for boilers in all boiler groups using interrupted pilots. 3 Boilers classified as boiler group K. 1006.7.2 Boiler groups C and D. The controls for boilers in boiler groups C and D shall be interlocked so that a nonrecy- cling fuel shutoff upon high or low gas pressure will be accomplished. 1006.7.3 Boiler groups F, G and H. The controls for boilers in boiler groups F, G and H equipped with a preheated oil system shall provide fuel shutoff upon low oil temperature. Where boilers in boiler groups F, G and H use steam or air for fuel atomization, the controls shall be interlocked so that a nonrecycling fuel shutoff upon low atomizing steam or air pressure will be accomplished. 1006.7.4 Fuel supply shut off. Boilers shall have controls interlocked to shut off the fuel supply in the event of draft failure if forced or induced draft fans are used or in the event of low- combustion air flow if a gas power burner is used. Where a single motor directly driving both the fan and the oil pump is used, a separate control is not required. 82 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE BOILER GROUP FUEL A Gas B Gas C Gas D Gas E Oil F Oil G Oil H Oil K Electric FUEL INPUT RANGE (inciusive)e 0-400.000 Btu/h 400.001- 2,500,000 Btu/h 2,500,001- 5,000,000 Btu/h Over 5,000,000 Btu/h 0-400,000 Btu/h 400,001- 1,000,000 Btu/h 1,000,001- 3,000,000 Btu/h 3,000,000 Btu/h All TYPE OF PILOT Interrupted or intermittent Interrupted or intermittentb Flame pilot Any type 90 90 90 15 15 15 2-4° Interrupted Any type Interrupted Interrupted Interrupted Trial for pilot TABLE 1006.7 CONTROLS AND LIMIT DEVICES FOR AUTOMATIC BOILERS SAFETY CONTROL TIMING (Nominal maximum time in seconds) TRIAL FOR MAIN BURNER FLAME Direct electric Ignition Not Required Main burner flame failure 15 15 15 2-4` 15 15 15 2-4` Not Required Not Required Not Required 90 90 90 30 30 2-4d 15 15 2-4° 15 15 60 2-4 Not Not Not Not Not Required Required Required Required Required ASSURED FUEL SUPPLY CONTROL ASSURED AIR SUPPLY CONTROL LOW - FIRE START UP CONTROL STEAM HOT WATER PRESSURE TEMPERATURE AND LOW - AND LOW WATER PREPURGING WATER LIMIT LIMIT CONTROL CONTROLS CONTROLS APPROVED FUEL SHUTOFF CONTROL AND LIMIT DEVICE SYSTEM DESIGN RequiredNot Not Required Required Not Required Required Required Req °� Required Not Not Not Required Required Required Not Required Required Required Required Required Required Required Required Required Required Required Required Required Required Required Required Required Required Required Required Required Not Not Required Required Required Not Required Required Required Req gyred Required Required Required Required Not Required Required Required ReNot q Not Required Required Required Required Not Required Required Required RequiredNot Required Required Required Required Required Required Required Required Required Not Not Not Not Required Required Required Not Required Required Required Required Required For SI: 1 Btu/h = 0.2931 W ° Fuel input shall be determined by one of the following: 1 The maximum burner input as shown on the burner nameplate or as otherwise identified by the manufacturer. 2. The nominal boiler rating, as determined by the code official, plus 25 percent. 3. 1 boiler horsepower = 33,475 Btu/h. b The use of intermittent pilots in boiler group C is limited to approved burner units. Approved manufacturer assembled boiler -burner units having a continuous pilot shall have a maximum 90-second main burner flame failure limit. d Boilers equipped to reenergize their ignition system within 0.8 second after main burner flame failure shall have a maximum 30-second main burner flame failure limit. e Boilers equipped to reenergize their ignition system within 0.8 second after main burner flame failure shall have a maximum 15-second main burner flame failure limit. £'9001 318V1 1006.7.5 - 1008.2 1000.5 Low -fire start. Boilers classified as boiler group C, D or H that fire in excess of 400,000 Btu/h (117 kW) per combustion chamber shall be provided with low -fire start of its main burner system to permit smooth light off. The low -fire start shall have a minimum rate of approximately one -third of the boiler's maximum firing rate. 1006.7.6 Purging. In boilers classified as boiler group C, D or H, the pilot or main burner shall not be ignited unless a purging operation has been conducted. The purging opera- tion shall be of sufficient duration so that a minimum of four complete air changes pass through the furnace, including the combustion chamber and the boiler. An installation with a trapped combustion chamber shall be provided with a me- chanical means of creating air movement for purging. Exceptions: 1 Purging operation of a sufficient duration so that a minimum of five complete air changes pass through the furnace, including combustion cham- ber up to the first pass. 2. A purging operation is not required to have a minimum of four complete air changes for boilers having an atmospheric gas burner with no me- chanical means of creating air movement, provided the secondary air openings are not capable of being closed or are equipped with a closing mechanism which is designed to open and hold open the sec- ondary openings for a period of not less than 4 minutes prior to burner ignition. 3. The purging operation for boilers having an oil burner is not required to have a minimum of four complete air changes, provided the burner obtains a minimum of two - thirds the required combustion air without mechanical means of creating air move- ment, and provided the secondary air opening are not capable of being closed or are equipped with a closing mechanism which is designed to open and hold open the secondary openings for a period of not less than 4 minutes prior to burner ignition. 1006.7.7 Hot water boilers. Hot water boilers, low- pressure hot - water - heating boilers and power hot water boilers shall be equipped with two high- temperature-limit controls and a low- water -limit control interlocked to shut off the fuel supply to the main burner, with a manual reset on the high -limit control with the higher setting. Manual reset on the high -tem- perature -limit control shall not be required on any package boiler not exceeding 400,000 Btu/h (117 kW) input. The high- temperature-limit and low- water -limit control shall be installed in a way so as to permit testing, servicing and replacing of the control without draining the hydronic sys- tem, except on boilers used in a residential occupancy of less than six dwelling units. A flow detection switch installed in the circulating water line shall be allowed in lieu of the low- water -level limit control for water - coil -type boilers. 1006.7.8 Steam boilers. Low- pressure steam - heating boil- ers, small power boilers and power steam boilers shall be equipped with two high -steam pressure limit controls inter- locked to shut off the fuel supply to the main burner with manual reset on the control with the higher setting, and two low- water -level limit controls, one of which shall be pro- vided with a manual reset device and independent of the feed water controller. Coil -type flash steam boilers shall use two high - temperature or steam pressure limit controls, one of which shall be manually reset, in the hot water coil section of the boiler instead of the low- water -level limit control. 1006.7.9 Safety shutoff valves. Boiler groups C, D and H shall use an approved automatic reset safety shutoff valve for the main burner fuel shutoff which shall be interlocked to the programming control devices. On oil burners where the safety shutoff valve will be subjected to pressures in excess of 10 psi (69 kPa) when the burner is not operating, a second safety shutoff valve shall be provided in series with the first. Boiler groups C and D using gas in excess of 1 psi (7 kPa) pressure or having a trapped combustion chamber or employ- ing horizontal fire tubes shall be equipped with two approved safety shutoff valves, one of which shall be an automatic reset type, one of which shall be used as an operating control, and both of which shall be interlocked to the limit control devices required. Boiler groups C and D using gas in excess of 1 psi (7 kPa) pressure shall be provided with a permanent and ready means for making periodic tightness checks of the main fuel safety shutoff valve. 1006.7.10 Electrical requirements. Controls and limit de- vice systems shall be grounded and shall operate at a voltage not to exceed 150 volts except that, upon approval by the code official, existing control equipment to be reused in an altered boiler control system shall operate at a maximum voltage of 220 -volt single phase with one line grounded. Control and limit devices shall interrupt the ungrounded side of the cir- cuit. A readily accessible means of manually disconnecting the control circuit shall be provided with controls so arranged that when they are deenergized, the burner shall be inopera- tive. SECTION 1007 BOILER LOW -WATER CUTOFF 1007.1 General. All steam and hot water boilers shall be protected with a low -water cutoff control. 1007.2 Operation. The low -water cutoff shall automatically stop the combustion operation of the equipment when the water level drops below the lowest safe water level as established by the manufacturer. SECTION 1008 STEAM BLOWOFF VALVE 1008.1 General. Every steam boiler shall be equipped with a quick - opening blowoff valve. The valve shall be installed in the opening provided on the boiler. The minimum size of the valve shall be the size specified by the boiler manufacturer or the size of the boiler blowoff -valve opening. 1008.2 Discharge. Blowoff valves shall discharge to a safe place of disposal. Where discharging to the drainage system, the installation shall conform to the plumbing code. 84 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE SECTION 1009 HOT WATER BOILER EXPANSION TANK 1009.1 Where required. An expansion tank shall be installed in every hot water system. For multiple boiler installations, a minimum of one expansion tank is required. Expansion tanks shall be of the closed or open type. Tanks shall be rated for the pressure of the hot water system. 1009.2 Closed -type expansion tanks. Closed -type expansion tanks shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions. The size of the tank shall be based on the capacity of the hot - water - heating system. The minimum size of the tank shall be determined in accordance with the following equation. V = (0.00041 T — 0.0466) VS r P. Pt -CP.I where: V = Minimum volume of tanks (gallons) (L). V = Volume of system, not including expansion tanks (gallons) (L). T = Average operating temperature (°F) ( °C.). P. = Atmospheric pressure (psi) (kPa). P, = Fill pressure (psi) (kPa). Po = Maximum operating pressure (psi) (kPa). 1009.3 Open -type expansion tanks. Open -type expansion tanks shall be located a minimum of 4 feet (1219 mm) above the highest heating element. The tank shall be adequately sized for the hot water system. An overflow with a minimum diameter of 1 inch (25 4 mm) shall be installed at the top of the tank. The overflow shall discharge to the drainage system in accordance with the plumbing code. SECTION 1010 GAUGES 1010.1 Hot water boiler gauges. Every hot water boiler shall have a pressure gauge and a temperature gauge, or a combina- tion pressure and temperature gauge. The gauges shall indicate the temperature and pressure within the normal range of the system's operation. 1010.2 Steam boiler gauges. Every steam boiler shall have a water -gauge glass and a pressure gauge. The pressure gauge shall indicate the pressure within the normal range of the system's operation. 1010.2.1 Water -gauge glass. The gauge glass shall be in- stalled so that the midpoint is at the normal boiler water level. SECTION 1011 TESTS 1011.1 Tests. Upon completion of the assembly and installation of boilers and pressure vessels, acceptance tests shall be con- ducted in accordance with the requirements of the ASME Boiler 1009 — 1011.2 and Pressure Vessel Code Where field assembly of pressure vessels or boilers is required, a copy of the completed U -1 Manufacturer's Data Report required by the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code shall be submitted to the code official. 1011.2 Test gauges. An indicating test gauge shall be connected directly to the boiler or pressure vessel where it is visible to the operator throughout the duration of the test. The pressure gauge scale shall be graduated over a range of not less than one and one -half times and not greater than four times the maximum test pressure. All gauges utilized for testing shall be calibrated and certified by the test operator. 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 65 86 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE CHAPTER 11 REFRIGERATION SECTION 1101 GENERAL 1101.1 Scope. This chapter shall govern the design, installa- tion, construction and repair of refrigeration systems that va- porize and liquefy a fluid during the refrigerating cycle. Refrigerant piping design and installation, including pressure vessels and pressure relief devices, shall conform to this code.. Permanently installed refrigerant storage systems and other components shall be considered as part of the refrigeration system to which they are attached. 1101.2 Factory -built equipment. Listed and labeled self -con- tained, factory-built equipment shall be tested in accordance with UL 207, 303, 412, 465, 471 or 1995 1101.3 Protection. Any portion of a refrigeration system that is subject to physical damage shall be protected in an approved manner. 1101.4 Water connection. Water supply and discharge connec- tions associated with refrigeration systems shall be made in accordance with this code and the plumbing code. 1101.5 Gas connection. Gas fuel devices and equipment used with refrigeration systems shall be installed in accordance with this code. 1101.6 General. Refrigeration systems shall comply with the requirements of this code and, except as modified by this code, ASHRAE 15 Ammonia - refrigerating systems shall comply with this code and, except as modified by this code, ASHRAE 15 and IIAR 2. SECTION 1102 SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS 1102.1 General. The system classification, allowable refriger- ants, the maximum quantity, enclosure requirements, location limitations and field pressure test requirements shall be deter- mined as follows: 1 Determine the refrigeration system's classification in accordance with Section 1103 2. Determine the refrigerant classification in accordance with Table 1104 1 3 Determine the maximum allowable quantity of refriger- ant in accordance with Table 11 04.2(l), based on type of refrigerant, system classification and occupancy 4 Determine the system enclosure requirements in accord- ance with Table 1104.2(1). 5 Refrigeration equipment location and installation shall be subject to the limitations of Chapter 3 6. Nonfactory- tested, field - erected equipment shall be pres- sure tested in accordance with Section 1108. 1102.2 Refrigerants. Refrigerants not identified in Table 1104 1 shall be approved before use. Refrigerants (including refrigerant blends) with different designations in ASHRAE 34 shall not be mixed in a system. 1102.2.1 New refrigerants. Refrigerants used in new equip- ment shall be of a type and purity level specified or approved by the equipment manufacturer. 1102.2.2 Recovered refrigerants. Refrigerants that are re- covered from refrigeration and air- conditioning systems shall not be reused in other than the system from which they were recovered and in other systems of the same owner. Recovered refrigerants shall be filtered and dried before reuse. Recovered refrigerants that show clear signs of con- tamination shall not be reused unless reclaimed in accord- ance with Section 1102.2.3 1102.2.3 Reclaimed refrigerants. Used refrigerants shall not be reused in a different owner's equipment unless re- claimed and found to meet the purity requirements of ARI 700. Contaminated refrigerants shall not be used in the same owner's equipment or in a different owner's equipment unless reclaimed and found to meet the purity requirements of ARI 700. SECTION 1103 REFRIGERATION SYSTEM CLASSIFICATION 1103.1 General. For the purposes of applying Tables 1104 1, 1104.2(1), and 1104.2(2), refrigeration systems shall be classi- fied as a high - probability or low- probability system based on the potential hazard resulting from a leakage of refrigerant into an occupancy - classified area other than the machinery room. 1103.2 High - probability systems. Direct systems and indirect open -spray systems shall be classified as high - probability sys- tems. Exception: An indirect open -spray system shall not be required to be classified as a high - probability system if the pressure of the secondary coolant is at all times (operating and standby) greater than the pressure of the refrigerant. 1103.3 Low- probability systems. Double- indirect open -spray systems, indirect closed systems and indirect - vented closed systems shall be classified as low- probability systems, provided that all refrigerant- containing piping and fittings are isolated when the quantities in Table 1104 1 are exceeded. SECTION 1104 REFRIGERANT CLASSIFICATION AND SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS 1104.1 Refrigerant classification. Refrigerants shall be clas- sified in accordance with ASHRAE 34 as listed in Table 1104 1 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 87 TABLE 1104.1 TABLE 1104.1 REFRIGERANT' CLASSIFICATION, AMOUNT6'" AND TLY TWA' For SI: 1 pound = 0.454 kg, 1 cubic foot = 0.0283 m3 e Other refrigerants shall be approved. b To be used only in conjunction with footnotes from Table 1104.2(1). ` To correct for height, H (feet), above sea level, multiply these values by (1 - 2.42 x 10 -6H). To correct for height, h (km), above sea level, multiply these values by (1 -7.94 x 10 "2h). Do not adjust volume percent or TLV TWA (ppm) for altitude. d The quantity of each component shall comply with the limits set in Table 1104.1 for the pure compound and the total volume percent of all components shall not exceed 6.7 volume percent. ` The basis of the table amounts is given as follows: Group A l Eighty percent of the cardiac sensitization level for R -11, R -12, R- 13B 1, R -22, R -113, R -114, R- 134a, R -500 and R-502. One-hundred percent of the IDLH for R-744. Others are limited by levels where oxygen deprivation begins to occur. Group A2, A3 Approximately 20 percent of LFL. Group B1 One hundred percent of IDLH for R -764, and 100 percent of the measure consistent with the IDLH for R -123. Group B2, B3 One hundred percent of IDLH or 20 percent of LFL, whichever is lower. f TLV -TWA or measure consistent therewith to be used with Section 1104. The values shown for R -11 and R-40 are TLV -C (TL'V- ceiling) values not to be exceeded. B Group A3 and B3 refrigerants as listed in Table 1104.1 shall not be used in a refrigerating system in excess of 1,000 pounds, unless approved by the code official. as 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE AMOUNT OF REFRIGERANT PER REFRIGERANT DESCRIPTION OCCUPIED SPACE TLVTWA PP Retrigerant ClassNlcatlon Name or Blend Chemical Formula Lb per 1,000 tr'' ppmt 9"k Group Al R -11 Trichlorofluoromethane CC13F 1.6 4,000 250 C1,000 R -12 Dichlorodifluoromethane CC12F2 12 40,000 200 1,000 R -13 Chlorotrifluoromethane CC1F3 18 67,000 290 1;000 R -13B1 Bromotrifluoromethane CBrF3 22 57,000 350 1,000 R -14 Tetrafluoromethane CF4 15 67,000 240 11000 (Carbon Tetrafluoride) R -22 Chlorodifluoromethane CHC1F2 94 42,000 150 1,000 R -113 1,1,2 - trichloro -1, 2, 2- tfluoroethane CCI2FCC1F2 1.9 4,000 31 1,000 R -114 1,2- dichloro- RCCIF2CC1F2 94 21,000 150 1,000 1, 1, 2, 2- tetrafluoroethane R -115 Chloropentafluoroethane CCIF2CF3 27 67,000 430 1,000 R -134a 1, 1, 1,2-Tetrafluoroethane CHZFCF3 16 60,000 250 1,000 R -C318 Octafluorocyclobutane -CFZ CFZ CF2 - CF2- 35 67,000 550 1,000 R-400 R -12/R -114 CCLZF)CCI2FCC1F2 Note d Note d Note d 1,000 R -500 R- 12/152a(73.8/26.2) CCIYF CH3CHF2 12 47,000 200 11000 R -502 R- 22/115(48.8/51.2) CHC1F2/CC 1F2CF3 19 65,000 300 1,000 R -503 R- 23/13(40.1/59.9) CHF3 /CCIF3 15 67,000 240 1,000 R -744 Carbon Dioxide CO2 5.7 50,000 91 5,000 Group A2 R -142b 1- chloro -1, 1- Difluoroethane CH3CC1F2 37 14,000 60 1,000 R -152a 1, 1- Difluoroethane CH3CHF2 1.2 7,000 30 1,000 Group A39 R -170 Ethane CH3CH3 0.50 6,400 8.0 1,000 R -290 Propane CH3CH2CH3 0.50 4,400 8.0 1,000 R 7600 Butane CH3CH2CHZCH3 0.51 3,400 8.2 800 R -600a 2- Methyl propane (Isobutane) CH(CH3)2 CH3 0.51 3,400 8.2 800 R -1150 Ethene (Ethylene) CH2 =CH2 0.38 5,200 6.0 1,000 R -1270 Propene (Propylene) CH3CH =CH2 037 3,400 5.0 1,000 Group Bl R -123 2, 2- Dichloro -1, 1, 1- Trifluorethane CHC12CF3 0.4 1,000 6.3 30 R -764 Sulfur Dioxide SO2 0.016 100 0.26 2 Group B2 R-40 Chloromethane (methyl chloride) CH3Cl 1.3 10,000 21.0 C50 R-611 Methyl Formate HCOOCH3 0.78 5,000 12.0 100 R -717 Ammonia NH3 0.022 1 500 1 0.35 25 Group B39 - - - I - I - I - For SI: 1 pound = 0.454 kg, 1 cubic foot = 0.0283 m3 e Other refrigerants shall be approved. b To be used only in conjunction with footnotes from Table 1104.2(1). ` To correct for height, H (feet), above sea level, multiply these values by (1 - 2.42 x 10 -6H). To correct for height, h (km), above sea level, multiply these values by (1 -7.94 x 10 "2h). Do not adjust volume percent or TLV TWA (ppm) for altitude. d The quantity of each component shall comply with the limits set in Table 1104.1 for the pure compound and the total volume percent of all components shall not exceed 6.7 volume percent. ` The basis of the table amounts is given as follows: Group A l Eighty percent of the cardiac sensitization level for R -11, R -12, R- 13B 1, R -22, R -113, R -114, R- 134a, R -500 and R-502. One-hundred percent of the IDLH for R-744. Others are limited by levels where oxygen deprivation begins to occur. Group A2, A3 Approximately 20 percent of LFL. Group B1 One hundred percent of IDLH for R -764, and 100 percent of the measure consistent with the IDLH for R -123. Group B2, B3 One hundred percent of IDLH or 20 percent of LFL, whichever is lower. f TLV -TWA or measure consistent therewith to be used with Section 1104. The values shown for R -11 and R-40 are TLV -C (TL'V- ceiling) values not to be exceeded. B Group A3 and B3 refrigerants as listed in Table 1104.1 shall not be used in a refrigerating system in excess of 1,000 pounds, unless approved by the code official. as 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 1104.2 System requirements. The maximum allowable refrig- erant quantities shall be in accordance with Table 1104.2(1). To use Table 11 04.2(l), determine the occupancy class, refrigerant group in accordance with Table 1104 1 and type of system in accordance with Section 1103, and then locate the notes that apply 1104.2.1 Occupancy classification. Locations of refriger- ating systems are described by occupancy classifications that consider the ability of people to respond to potential exposure to refrigerant. Where equipment, other than pip- ing, is located outside a building and within 20 feet (6096 mm) of any building opening, such equipment shall be governed by the occupancy classification of the building: Occupancy classifications shall be defined as follows: I Institutional occupancy is that portion of premises from which, because they are disabled, debilitated or confined, occupants cannot readily leave without the assistance of others. Institutional occupancies include, among others, hospitals, nursing homes, asylums and spaces containing locked cells. 2. Public assembly occupancy is that portion of premises where large numbers of people congregate and from which occupants cannot quickly vacate the space. Public assembly occupancies include, among others, auditoriums, ballrooms, classrooms, passenger de- pots, restaurants and theaters. 3 Residential occupancy is that portion of premises that provides the occupants with complete independent living facilities, including permanent provisions for living, sleeping, eating, cooking and sanitation. Resi- dential occupancies include, among others, dormito- ries, hotels, multi -unit apartments and private residences. 4 Commercial occupancy is that portion of premises where people transact business, receive personal serv- ice or purchase food and other goods. Commercial occupancies include, among others, office and profes- sional buildings, markets (but not large mercantile occupancies) and work or storage areas that do not qualify as industrial occupancies. 5 Large mercantile occupancy is that portion of prem- ises where more than 100 persons congregate on lev- els above or below street level to purchase personal merchandise. 6. Industrial occupancy is that portion of premises that is not open to the public, where access by authorized persons is controlled, and that is used to manufacture, process or store goods such as chemicals, food, ice, meat or petroleum. Mixed occupancy occurs when two or more occupan- cies are located within the same building. When each occupancy is isolated from the rest of the building by tight walls, floors and ceilings and by self - closing doors, the requirements for each occupancy shall ap- ply to its portion of the building. When the various occupancies are not so isolated, the occupancy having 1104.2 - 1105.4 the most stringent requirements shall be the governing occupancy 1104.3 Volume calculations. Volume calculations shall be in accordance with Sections 1104.3 1 through 1104.3.3 1104.3.1 Unventilated spaces. Where the refrigerant -con- taining parts of a system are located in one or more unven- tilated spaces, the volume of the smallest, enclosed occupied space, other than a machinery room, shall be used to deter- mine the permissible quantity of refrigerant in the system. Where a building consists of several stories of unpartitioned space, such as a mezzanine or an atrium, the story having the smallest occupied space shall be deemed to be the enclosed space. 1104.3.2 Ventilated spaces. Where an evaporator or con- denser is located in an air duct system, the volume of the smallest occupied space or unpartitioned building story, served by the duct shall be used to determine the maximum allowable quantity of refrigerant in the system. Exception If airflow to any enclosed space cannot be reduced below one - quarter of its maximum, the entire space served by the air duct system shall be used to determine the maximum allowable quantity of refriger- ant in the system. 1104.3.3 Plenums. Where the space above a suspended ceiling is continuous and part of the supply or return air plenum system, this space shall be included in calculating the volume of the enclosed space. SECTION 1105 MACHINERY ROOM, GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 1105.1 General. Where required by Table 1104.2(1), a machin- ery room shall be provided to enclose refrigeration systems located indoors. Access to the machinery room shall be re- stricted to authorized personnel. 1105.2 Dimensions. A machinery room shall be dimensioned so as to provide clearances required by Chapter 3 There shall be clear head room of not less than 71/4 feet (22 10 mm) below equipment located over passageways. 1105.3 Doors. Each machinery room shall have self - closing, weather - stripped doors opening in the direction of egress travel. Doors and door openings shall comply with the requirements of the building code. 1105.4 Openings. Openings to other parts of the building that permit passage of escaping refrigerant to other parts of the building are prohibited. Ducts and air handlers in the machinery room that operate at a lower pressure than the room shall be sealed to prevent any refrigerant leakage from entering the airstream. Exceptions: I Egress doors serving the machinery room. 2. Access doors and panels in air ducts and air - handling units, provided that such openings are gasketed and tight fitting. 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 89 TABLE 1104.2(1) SYSTEM APPLICATION' REQUIREMENTS (Letters In the table under "Occupancy"Veter to footnotes. Where more than one footnote exists, each''Wtnote Is a limitation on the other.) (For system and refrigerant cla ssifications sae Section 1103 and Table 1104.1.) For SI: 1 square foot = 0.0929 m2, 1 pound = 0.454 kg. 'The refrigerant amount is limited to 50 percent of those listed in bible 1104. 1, except Footnote b applies in kitchens, laboratories and mortuaries. If any portion of a refrigerant system containing more than 1 pound of refrigerant (except R -744) is in a room with a flame - sustaining device, this device shall be provided with a hood to exhaust combustion products to the outside air. Otherwise Footnotes a and f shall be followed. b The refrigerant amount shall be limited as listed in Table 1104.1. ° The refrigerant amount shall be unlimited when all of the following are satisfied: 1 The area containing machinery is separated from the areas of the building not containing machinery by tight construction with tight - fitting doors; 2. 'Egress from the room is directly outdoors; 3. The number of persons in a machinery- containing space on any floor above the first floor (ground level or deck level) is equal to or less than one person per '100 square feet of floor area or, if the number exceeds one person per 100 square feet, the machinery- containing space shall be provided with the required number of doors opening directly into approved building exits; and 4 Detectors are located in areas where refrigerant vapor from a leak will concentrate so as to provide warning at levels not exceeding the TLV- -TWA quantities given in Table 1104.1 Otherwise, the footnotes for other occupancies shall apply. Exception: For ammonia, see Section 1106.8. d When the quantity of refrigerant in the largest system exceeds the amounts in Table 1104. 1, all refrigerant- containing parts, except .piping and those parts outside the building, shall be installed in a machinery room meeting the general requirements of Section 1105. ° Refrigerant amounts and types of systems shall be limited as shown in Table 1104.2(2). r Applications involving air conditioning for human comfort are prohibited. 8 When the quantity of refrigerant in the largest system exceeds the amounts in Table 1104.1, all refrigerant- containing parts, except piping and those parts outside the building, shall be installed in a special requirements machinery room in accordance with Section 1106 with limitations on refrigerant quantities as follows: 550 pounds — Institutional No limit except Footnote h — Public Assembly No limit except Footnote h — Residential No limit except Footnote h — All other occupancies No limit except Footnote h — Industrial Otherwise, Footnote a applies to the amount of Group A2, A3, B2 or B3 refrigerant in the system. h When the quantity of refrigerant exceeds Table 1104.1 amounts, all refrigerant- containing parts, except piping, low -side components, condensers, and parts outside the building, shall be installed in a machinery room meeting the general requirements in Section 1105. For refrigerants of Groups A2, A3, B2 and 133: The machinery room shall also meet the special requirements of Section 1 106. 2. Except for ammonia, amounts in excess of 1,100 pounds shall be approved by the code official. ' Use of these refrigerants is prohibited, except in laboratories in commercial occupancies. Only unit systems containing not more than 6.6 pounds of Group A3 or B3 refrigerant shall be used unless the laboratory is occupied by less than one person per 100 square feet of floor area, in which case the requirements for industrial occupancies shall apply. 90 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE OCCUPANCY° Public assembly, residential, commercial and REFRIGERANT GROUP SYSTEM CLASSIFICATION Institutional large mercantile Industrial High a b c Al Low d d d High e e c, f, It A2 Low g g g High i i c, f, h A3 Low i i 9 High a, f 1b, f c BI Low d d d High e, f e, f c, f, It B2 Low g 9 g High i i c, f, h B3 Low I i I i 1 9 For SI: 1 square foot = 0.0929 m2, 1 pound = 0.454 kg. 'The refrigerant amount is limited to 50 percent of those listed in bible 1104. 1, except Footnote b applies in kitchens, laboratories and mortuaries. If any portion of a refrigerant system containing more than 1 pound of refrigerant (except R -744) is in a room with a flame - sustaining device, this device shall be provided with a hood to exhaust combustion products to the outside air. Otherwise Footnotes a and f shall be followed. b The refrigerant amount shall be limited as listed in Table 1104.1. ° The refrigerant amount shall be unlimited when all of the following are satisfied: 1 The area containing machinery is separated from the areas of the building not containing machinery by tight construction with tight - fitting doors; 2. 'Egress from the room is directly outdoors; 3. The number of persons in a machinery- containing space on any floor above the first floor (ground level or deck level) is equal to or less than one person per '100 square feet of floor area or, if the number exceeds one person per 100 square feet, the machinery- containing space shall be provided with the required number of doors opening directly into approved building exits; and 4 Detectors are located in areas where refrigerant vapor from a leak will concentrate so as to provide warning at levels not exceeding the TLV- -TWA quantities given in Table 1104.1 Otherwise, the footnotes for other occupancies shall apply. Exception: For ammonia, see Section 1106.8. d When the quantity of refrigerant in the largest system exceeds the amounts in Table 1104. 1, all refrigerant- containing parts, except .piping and those parts outside the building, shall be installed in a machinery room meeting the general requirements of Section 1105. ° Refrigerant amounts and types of systems shall be limited as shown in Table 1104.2(2). r Applications involving air conditioning for human comfort are prohibited. 8 When the quantity of refrigerant in the largest system exceeds the amounts in Table 1104.1, all refrigerant- containing parts, except piping and those parts outside the building, shall be installed in a special requirements machinery room in accordance with Section 1106 with limitations on refrigerant quantities as follows: 550 pounds — Institutional No limit except Footnote h — Public Assembly No limit except Footnote h — Residential No limit except Footnote h — All other occupancies No limit except Footnote h — Industrial Otherwise, Footnote a applies to the amount of Group A2, A3, B2 or B3 refrigerant in the system. h When the quantity of refrigerant exceeds Table 1104.1 amounts, all refrigerant- containing parts, except piping, low -side components, condensers, and parts outside the building, shall be installed in a machinery room meeting the general requirements in Section 1105. For refrigerants of Groups A2, A3, B2 and 133: The machinery room shall also meet the special requirements of Section 1 106. 2. Except for ammonia, amounts in excess of 1,100 pounds shall be approved by the code official. ' Use of these refrigerants is prohibited, except in laboratories in commercial occupancies. Only unit systems containing not more than 6.6 pounds of Group A3 or B3 refrigerant shall be used unless the laboratory is occupied by less than one person per 100 square feet of floor area, in which case the requirements for industrial occupancies shall apply. 90 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE TABLE 1104.2(2) — 1105.9.4 "TABLE 1104.2(2) MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE QUANTITIES OF REFRIGERANTS [For Use With Footnote a of Table 1104.2(1)] For SI: I pound = 0.454 kg. 1105.5 Refrigerant detector. Machinery rooms shall contain a refrigerant detector with an audible and visual alarm. The detector, or a sampling tube that draws air to the detector, shall be located in an area where refrigerant from a leak will concen- trate. The alarm shall be actuated at a value not greater than the corresponding TLV TWA values shown in Table 1104 1 Detec- tors and alarms shall be placed in approved locations. Exception: Detectors are not required for ammonia systems complying with Section 1106.8. 1105.6 Tests. Periodic tests of the detector, alarm and mechani- cal ventilating system shall be performed in accordance with manufacturer's specifications and as required by the code offi- cial. 1105.7 Fuel- burning equipment. Open flames that use com- bustion air from the machinery room shall not be installed in a machinery room. Exceptions: 1 Matches, lighters, halide leak detectors and similar devices. 2. Where the refrigerant is carbon dioxide or water. 3. Fuel- burning equipment shall not be prohibited in the same machinery room with refrigerant- containing equipment where combustion air is ducted from out- side the machinery room and sealed in such a manner as to prevent any refrigerant leakage from entering the combustion chamber, or where a refrigerant vapor detector is employed to automatically shut off the combustion process in the event of refrigerant leakage. 1105.8 Sign. A sign shall be posted on the machinery room door prohibiting access of unauthorized personnel. 1105.9 Ventilation. Machinery rooms shall be mechanically ventilated to the outdoors. Mechanical ventilation shall be capable of exhausting the minimum quantity of air both at the normal operating and emergency conditions. Multiple fans or multispeed fans shall be allowed in order to produce the emer- gency ventilation rate and to obtain a reduced airflow for normal ventilation. Exception: Where a refrigerating system is located out- doors more than 20 feet (6096 mm) from any building opening and is enclosed by a penthouse, lean-to or other open structure, natural or mechanical ventilation shall be provided. Location of the openings shall be based on the relative density of the refrigerant to air. The free - aperture cross section for the ventilation of the machinery room shall be not less than. F =,IG For SI: F=0.138,fG- where: F = the free opening area in square feet (ml). G = the mass of refrigerant in pounds (kg) in the largest system, any part of which is located in the machinery room. 1105.9.1 Discharge location. The discharge of the air shall be to the outdoors in accordance with Chapter 5 Exhaust from mechanical ventilation systems shall be discharged not less than 20 feet (6096 mm) from a property line or openings into buildings. 1105.9.2 Supply air. Provisions shall be made for supply air to replace that being exhausted. Openings for supply air shall be located to avoid intake of exhaust air. Air supply and exhaust ducts to the machinery room shall serve no other area, shall be constructed in accordance with Chapter 5 and shall be covered with corrosion - resistant screen of not less than ' /4 -inch (6.4 mm) mesh. 1105.93 Quantity — normal ventilation. During occupied conditions the mechanical ventilation system shall exhaust the larger of the following: Not less than 0.5 cfm per square foot (0.0025 m3 /s m2) of machinery room area or 20 cfm (0.009 m3 /s) per person, or 2. A volume required to maintain a maximum tempera- ture rise of 18 °F (10 °C.) based on all of the heat -pro- ducing machinery in the room. 1105.9.4 Quantity —emergency conditions. Upon actua- tion of the refrigerant detector required in Section 1105.5, the mechanical ventilation system shall exhaust air from the machinery room in the following quantity• Q= 100x, For SI: Q = 0.07 x ,1G_ where: Q = the airflow in cubic feet per minute (m%). G = the design mass of refrigerant in pounds (kg) in the largest system, any part of which is located in the machinery room. 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 91 MAXIMUM POUNDS FOR VARIOUS OCCUPANCIES Institutional Assembly Residential All other occupancies TYPE OF REFRIGERATION SYSTEM Sealed Absorption System In exit access 0 0 3.3 3.3 In adjacent outdoor locations In other than exit access 0 0 0 6.6 22 6.6 22 22 Unit Systems In other than exit access 0 0 6.6 22 For SI: I pound = 0.454 kg. 1105.5 Refrigerant detector. Machinery rooms shall contain a refrigerant detector with an audible and visual alarm. The detector, or a sampling tube that draws air to the detector, shall be located in an area where refrigerant from a leak will concen- trate. The alarm shall be actuated at a value not greater than the corresponding TLV TWA values shown in Table 1104 1 Detec- tors and alarms shall be placed in approved locations. Exception: Detectors are not required for ammonia systems complying with Section 1106.8. 1105.6 Tests. Periodic tests of the detector, alarm and mechani- cal ventilating system shall be performed in accordance with manufacturer's specifications and as required by the code offi- cial. 1105.7 Fuel- burning equipment. Open flames that use com- bustion air from the machinery room shall not be installed in a machinery room. Exceptions: 1 Matches, lighters, halide leak detectors and similar devices. 2. Where the refrigerant is carbon dioxide or water. 3. Fuel- burning equipment shall not be prohibited in the same machinery room with refrigerant- containing equipment where combustion air is ducted from out- side the machinery room and sealed in such a manner as to prevent any refrigerant leakage from entering the combustion chamber, or where a refrigerant vapor detector is employed to automatically shut off the combustion process in the event of refrigerant leakage. 1105.8 Sign. A sign shall be posted on the machinery room door prohibiting access of unauthorized personnel. 1105.9 Ventilation. Machinery rooms shall be mechanically ventilated to the outdoors. Mechanical ventilation shall be capable of exhausting the minimum quantity of air both at the normal operating and emergency conditions. Multiple fans or multispeed fans shall be allowed in order to produce the emer- gency ventilation rate and to obtain a reduced airflow for normal ventilation. Exception: Where a refrigerating system is located out- doors more than 20 feet (6096 mm) from any building opening and is enclosed by a penthouse, lean-to or other open structure, natural or mechanical ventilation shall be provided. Location of the openings shall be based on the relative density of the refrigerant to air. The free - aperture cross section for the ventilation of the machinery room shall be not less than. F =,IG For SI: F=0.138,fG- where: F = the free opening area in square feet (ml). G = the mass of refrigerant in pounds (kg) in the largest system, any part of which is located in the machinery room. 1105.9.1 Discharge location. The discharge of the air shall be to the outdoors in accordance with Chapter 5 Exhaust from mechanical ventilation systems shall be discharged not less than 20 feet (6096 mm) from a property line or openings into buildings. 1105.9.2 Supply air. Provisions shall be made for supply air to replace that being exhausted. Openings for supply air shall be located to avoid intake of exhaust air. Air supply and exhaust ducts to the machinery room shall serve no other area, shall be constructed in accordance with Chapter 5 and shall be covered with corrosion - resistant screen of not less than ' /4 -inch (6.4 mm) mesh. 1105.93 Quantity — normal ventilation. During occupied conditions the mechanical ventilation system shall exhaust the larger of the following: Not less than 0.5 cfm per square foot (0.0025 m3 /s m2) of machinery room area or 20 cfm (0.009 m3 /s) per person, or 2. A volume required to maintain a maximum tempera- ture rise of 18 °F (10 °C.) based on all of the heat -pro- ducing machinery in the room. 1105.9.4 Quantity —emergency conditions. Upon actua- tion of the refrigerant detector required in Section 1105.5, the mechanical ventilation system shall exhaust air from the machinery room in the following quantity• Q= 100x, For SI: Q = 0.07 x ,1G_ where: Q = the airflow in cubic feet per minute (m%). G = the design mass of refrigerant in pounds (kg) in the largest system, any part of which is located in the machinery room. 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 91 1106.10 - 1107.4.4 1105.10 Termination of relief devices. in the equipment room, pressure relief devices, fusible plugs and purge systems shall terminate outside of the structure at a location not less than 15 feet (4572 nun) above the adjoining grade level and not less than 20 feet (6096 mm) from any window, ventilation opening or exit. SECTION 1106 MACHINERY ROOM, SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS 1106.1 General. Where required by Table 1104.2(1), the ma- chinery room shall meet the requirements of this section in addition to the requirements of Section 1105 1106.2 Elevated temperature. There shall not be an open flame - producing device or continuously operating hot surface over 800 °F (427 1C.) permanently installed in the room. 1106.3 Construction requirements. The machinery room shall be separated from other occupied space with smoke - tight, 1 -hour fire- resistance -rated construction. 1106.4 Opening protectives. Opening protection between the machinery room and other occupied spaces shall be approved, self - closing, right -fitting fire doors with a minimum fine- resis- tance- rating of 3/4 hour. 1106.5 Pipe penetrations. All pipe penetrations of the interior walls, ceiling or floor of machinery rooms shall be sealed vapor tight and protected in accordance with the building code. 1106.6 Exterior openings. Openings in exterior walls of ma- chinery rooms shall not be located under any exit, stairway or exit discharge. 1106.7 Egress. Each machinery room shall be provided with a minimum of one exit door that opens directly to the outside. Exception: Self - closing, tight -fitting doors opening into a vestibule leading directly outside. 1106.8 Ammonia room ventilation. Ventilation equipment in ammonia machinery rooms shall be operated continuously Exceptions: 1 Machinery rooms equipped with a vapor detector that will automatically start the ventilation system and actuate an alarm at a detection level not to exceed 1,000 ppm, or 2. Machinery rooms conforming to the Class 1, Division 2, hazardous location classification requirements of NFPA 70. 1106.9 Flammable refrigerants. Where refrigerants of Groups A2, A3, B2 and B3 are used, the machinery room shall conform to the Class 1, Division 2, hazardous location classi- fication requirements of NFPA 70 Exception: Ammonia machinery rooms. 1106.10 Remote controls. Remote control of the mechanical equipment located in the machinery room shall be provided at an approved location immediately outside the machinery room and adjacent to its principal entrance. 1106. 10.1 Refrigeration system. A clearly identified switch of the break -glass -type shall provide off -only control of all electrically energized equipment in the machinery room, other than refrigerant leak detectors and machinery room ventilation. 1106.10.2 Ventilation system. Aclearly identified switch of the break - glass -type shall provide on -only control of the machinery room ventilation fans. SECTION 1107 REFRIGERANT PIPING 1107.1 General. All refrigerant piping shall be installed, tested and placed in operation in accordance with this chapter. 1107.2 Pipe enclosures. Rigid or flcxible metal enclosures or pipe ducts shall be provided for soft, annealed copper tubing and used for refrigerant piping erected on the premises and containing other than Group A 1 or B 1 refrigerants. Enclosures shall not be required for connections between condensing units and the nearest riser box(es), provided such connections do not exceed 6 feet (1829 mm) in length. 1107.3 Condensation. All refrigerating piping and fittings, brine piping and fittings that, during normal operation, will reach a surface temperature below the dew point of the sur- rounding air, and are located in spaces or areas where conden- sation will cause a safety hazard to the building occupants, structure, electrical equipment or any other equipment, shall be protected in an approved manner to prevent such damage. 1107.4 Materials for refrigerant pipe and tubing. Piping materials shall be as set forth in Sections 1.107 4 1 through 11074.5 1107.4.1 Steel pipe. Carbon steel pipe with a wall thickness not less than Schedule 80 shall be used for Group A2, A3, B2 or B3 refrigerant liquid lines for sizes 11 /2 inches (38 mm) and smaller. Carbon steel pipe with a wall thickness not less than Schedule 40 shall be used for Group Al or B1 refrig- erant liquid lines 6 inches (152 mm) and smaller, Group A2, A3, B2 or B3 refrigerant liquid lines sizes 2 inches (51 mm) through 6 inches (152 mm), and all refrigerant suction and discharge lines 6 inches (152 mm) and smaller. Type F steel pipe shall not be used for refrigerant lines having an operat- ing temperature less than -20 °F (- 29 °C.). 1107.4.2 Copper and brass pipe. Standard iron -pipe size, copper and red brass (not less,than 80 percent copper) pipe shall conform to ASTM B 42 and ASTM B 43 1107.4.3 Copper tube. Copper tube used for refrigerant piping erected on the premises shall be seamless copper tube of Type ACR (hard or annealed) complying with ASTM B 280. Where approved, copper tube for refrigerant piping erected on the premises shall be seamless copper tube of Type K, L or M (drawn or annealed) in accordance with ASTM B 88. Annealed temper copper tube shall not be used in sizes larger than a 2 -inch (51 mm) nominal size. Mechani- cal joints shall not be used on annealed temper copper tube in sizes larger than 7/8-inch (22 mm) OD size. 1107.4.4 Copper tube joints. Copper tubing joints used in refrigerating systems containing Group A2, A3, B2 or B3 refrigerants shall be brazed. Soldered joints shall not be used in such refrigerating systems. 92 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE k 1107.4.5 Aluminum tube. 'Type 3003 -0 aluminum tubing with high - pressure fittings shall not be used with methyl chloride and other refrigerants known to attack aluminum. 1107.5 Joints and refrigerant - containing parts in air ducts. Joints and all refrigerant - containing parts of a refrigerating system located in an air duct of an air - conditioning system carrying conditioned air to and from humanly occupied space shall be constructed to withstand, without leakage, a pressure of 150 percent of the higher of the design pressure or pressure relief device setting. 1107.6 Exposure of refrigerant pipe joints. Refrigerant pipe joints erected on the premises shall be exposed for visual inspection prior to being covered or enclosed. 1107 7 Stop valves. All systems containing more than 6.6 pounds (3 kg) of a refrigerant in systems using positive -dis- placement compressors, shall have stop valves installed as follows: 1 At the inlet of each compressor, compressor unit or condensing unit. 2. At the discharge outlet of each compressor, compressor unit or condensing unit and of each liquid receiver. Exceptions: 1 Systems that have a refrigerant pumpout function capable of storing the entire refrigerant charge in a receiver or heat exchanger. 2. Systems that are equipped with provisions for pump - out of the refrigerant using either portable or perma- nently installed recovery equipment. 3 Self- contained systems. 1107.7.1 Liquid receivers. All systems containing 100 pounds (45 kg) or more of a refrigerant, other than systems utilizing nonpositive displacement compressors, shall have stop valves, in addition to those required by Section 1107 7, on each inlet of each liquid receiver. Stop valves shall not be required on the inlet of a receiver in a condensing unit, nor on the inlet of a receiver which is an integral part of the condenser. 1107.7.2 Copper tubing. Stop valves used with soft an- nealed copper tubing or hard -drawn copper tubing 7/g -inch (22 mm) OD standard size or smaller shall be securely mounted, independent of tubing fastenings or supports. 1107 73 Identification. Stop valves shall be identified where their intended purpose is not obvious. Numbers shall not be used to label the valves, unless a key to the numbers is located near the valves. SECTION 1108 FIELD TEST 1108.1 General. Every refrigerant - containing part of every system that is erected on the premises, except compressors, condensers, vessels, evaporators, safety devices, pressure gauges and control mechanisms that are listed and factory tested, shall be tested and proved tight after complete installa- tion, and before operation. Tests shall include both the high - and low- pressure sides of each system at not less than the lower 1107A.8 — 1108.4 of the design pressures or the setting of the pressure -relief device(s). The design pressures for testing shall be those listed on the condensing unit, compressor or compressor unit name- plate, as required by ASHRAE 15 Exceptions: 1 Gas bulk storage tanks that are not permanently con- nected to a refrigeration system. 2. Systems erected on the premises with copper tubing not exceeding 5/8 -inch (16 mm) OD, with wall thick- ness as required by ASHRAE 15, shall be tested in accordance with Section 1108.1, or by means of re- frigerant charged into the system at the saturated vapor pressure of the refrigerant at 70 °F (21 °C.) or higher. 3 Limited- charge systems equipped with a pressure re- lief device, erected on the premises, shall be tested at a pressure not less than one and one -half times the pressure setting of the relief device. If the equipment has been tested by the manufacturer at one and one- half times the design pressure, the test after erection on the premises shall be conducted at the design pressure. 4 Where a compressor is used as a booster to .obtain an intermediate pressure and discharges into the suction side of another compressor, the booster compressor shall be considered a part of the low side, provided that it is protected by a pressure relief device. 5 In field- testing systems using centrifugal or other nonpositive displacement compressors, the entire sys- tem shall be considered as the low -side pressure for field test purposes. 1108.2 Test gases. Tests shall be performed with an inert dried gas including, but not limited to, nitrogen or carbon dioxide. Oxygen, air, toxic or combustible gases, and mixtures contain- ing such gases, shall not be used. 1108.3 Test apparatus. The means used to build up the .test pressure shall have either a pressure- limiting device or a pres- sure- reducing device and a gauge on the outlet side. 1108.4 Declaration. A certificate of test shall be provided for all systems containing 55 pounds (25 kg) or more of refrigerant. The certificate shall give the name of the refrigerant and the field test pressure applied to the high side and the low side of the system. The certification of test shall be signed by the installer and shall be made part of the public record. 1998 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 93 94 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE CHAPTER 12 HYDRONIC PIPING SECTION 1201 GENERAL 1201.1 Scope. The provisions of this chapter shall govern the construction, installation, alteration and repair of hydronic piping systems. This chapter shall apply to hydronic piping systems that are parts of heating, ventilation and air- condition- ing systems. Such piping systems shall include steam, hot water, chilled water, steam condensate and ground source heat pump loop systems. Potable cold and hot water distribution systems shall be installed in accordance with the plumbing code. 1201.2 Pipe sizing. Piping for hydronic systems shall be sized for the demand of the system. SECTION 1202 MATERIAL 1202.1 Piping. Piping material shall conform to the standards cited in this section. Exception. Embedded piping regulated by Section 1209 1202.2 Used materials. Reused pipe, fittings, valves or other materials shall be clean and free of foreign materials and shall be approved by the code official for reuse. 1202.3 Material rating. Materials shall be rated for the oper- ating temperature and pressure of the hydronic system. Mate- rials shall be suitable for the type of fluid in the hydronic system. 1202.4 Piping materials standards. Hydronic pipe shall con- form to the standards listed in Table 1202.4 The exterior of the pipe shall be protected from corrosion and degradation. TABLE 1202.4 HYDRONIC PIPE MATERIAL STANDARD (see Chapter 16) Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene ASTM D 1527, (ABS) plastic pipe ASTM D 2282 Brass pipe ASTM B 43 Brass tubing ASTM B 135 Copper or co2per-alloy pipe ASTM B 42; ASTM B 302 Copper or copper -alloy tubing ASTM B 75, ASTM B 88; (Type K, L or M) ASTM B 251 Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride ASTM D 2846; (CPVC) plastic pipe ASTM F 441, ASTM F 442 Cross - linked CSA CAN /CSA -B -137 10 polyethylene /aluminum/ ASME B16.11, ASME B16.28, cross - linked polyethylene ASTM A 420 (PEX -AL -PEX) pressure pipe Cross - linked polyethylene ASTM F 876, ASTM F 877 (PEX) tubing (continued) TABLE 1202.4--continued HYDRONIC PIPE MATERIAL STANDARD (see Chapter 16) Lead pipe FS WW- P -325B Polybutylene (PB) plastic pipe and tubing ASTM D 3309 Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastic i e ASTM D 1785, ASTM D 2241 Steel pipe ASTM A 53, ASTM A 106 Steel tubing ASTM A 254 1202.5 Pipe fittings. Hydronic pipe fittings shall be approved for installation with the piping materials to be installed, and shall conform to the respective pipe standards or to the stand- ards listed in Table 1202.5 TABLE 1202.5 HYDRONIC PIPE FITTINGS MATERIAL STANDARD (see Chapter 16) Bronze ASME 1316.24 Copper ASME B16.15, ASME B16.18, ASME B 16.22; ASME B 16.23, ASME B 16.26; ASME B 16.29 Gray iron ASTM A 126 Malleable iron ASME B16.3 Plastic ASTM D 2466; ASTM D 2467, ASTM D 2468, ASTM F 438, ASTM F 439; ASTM F 877 Steel ASME B16.5, ASME B16.9; ASME B16.11, ASME B16.28, ASTM A 420 1202.6 Valves. Valves shall be constructed of materials that are compatible with the type of piping material and fluids in the system. Valves shall be rated for the temperatures and pressures of the systems in which the valves are installed. 1202.7 Flexible connectors, expansion and vibration com- pensators. Flexible connectors, expansion and vibration con- trol devices and fittings shall be of an approved type. SECTION 1203 JOINTS AND CONNECTIONS 1203.1 Approval. Joints and connections shall be of an ap- proved type. Joints and connections shall be tight for the pressure of the hydronic system. 1203.1.1 Joints between different piping materials. Joints between different piping materials shall be made with ap- proved adapter fittings. Joints between different metallic 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 95 1203.2 - 1204.2 piping materials shall be made with approved dielectric fittings or brass converter fittings. 1203.2 Preparation of pipe ends. Pipe shall be cut square, reamed and chamfered, and shall be free of burrs and obstruc- tions. Pipe ends shall have full -bore openings and shall not be undercut. 1203.3 Joint preparation and installation. When required by Sections 1203 4 through 1203 14, the preparation and installa- tion of brazed, mechanical, soldered, solvent - cemented, threaded and welded joints shall comply with Sections 1203.3 1 through 1203.3.6. 1203.3.1 Brazed joints. Joint surfaces shall be cleaned. An approved flux shall be applied where required. The joint shall be brazed with a filler metal conforming to AWS A5.8. 1203.3.2 Mechanical joints. Mechanical joints shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. 1203.3.3 Soldered joints. Joint surfaces shall be cleaned. A flux conforming to ASTM B 813 shall be applied. The joint shall be soldered with a solder conforming to ASTM B 32. 1203.3.4 Solvent - cemented joints. Joint surfaces shall be clean and free of moisture. An approved primer shall be applied to CPVC and to PVC pipe joint surfaces. Joints shall be made while the cement is wet. Solvent cement conform- ing to the following standards shall be applied to all joint surfaces: 1 ASTM D 2235 for ABS joints. 2. ASTM F 493 for CPVC joints. 3 ASTM D 2564 for PVC joints. CPVC joints shall be made in accordance with ASTM D 2846. 1203.3.5 Threaded joints. Threads shall conform to ASME B 1.20.1 Schedule 80 or heavier plastic pipe shall be threaded with dies specifically designed for plastic pipe. Thread lubricant, pipe joint compound or tape shall be applied on the male threads only and shall be approved for application on the piping material. 1203.3.6 Welded joints. Joint surfaces shall be cleaned by an approved procedure. Joints shall be welded with an approved filler metal. 1203.4 ABS plastic pipe. Joints between ABS plastic pipe or fittings shall be solvent- cemented or threaded joints conform- ing to Section 1203.3 1203.5 Brass pipe. Joints between brass pipe or fittings shall be brazed, mechanical, threaded or welded joints conforming to Section 1203.3 1203.6 Brass tubing. Joints between brass tubing or fittings shall be brazed, mechanical or soldered joints conforming to Section 1203.3 1203.7 Copper or copper -alloy pipe. Joints between copper or copper -alloy pipe or fittings shall be brazed, mechanical, soldered, threaded or welded joints conforming to Section 1203.3 1203.8 Copper or copper -alloy tubing. Joints between copper or copper -alloy tubing or fittings shall be brazed, mechanical 1 or soldered joints conforming to Section 1203.3 or flared joins conforming to Section 1203.8 1 1' 1203.8.1 Flared joints. Flared joints shall be made by a tool designed for that operation. 1203.9 CPVC plastic pipe. Joints between CPVC plastic pipe or fittings shall be solvent - cemented or threaded joints con- forming to Section 1203.3 1203.10 Polybutylene plastic pipe and tubing. Joints be- tween polybutylene plastic pipe and tubing or fittings shall be mechanical joints conforming to Section 1203.3.2 or heat -fu- sion joints conforming to Section 1203 10.1 1203.10.1 Heat - fusion joints. Joints shall be of the socket - fusion or butt- fusion type. Joint surfaces shall be clean and free of moisture. Joint surfaces shall be heated to melt temperatures and joined. The joint shall be undisturbed until cool. Joints shall be made in accordance with ASTM D 3309 1203.11 Cross - linked polyethylene (PEX) plastic tubing. Joints between cross - linked polyethylene plastic tubing and fittings shall conform to Sections 1203 11 1 and 1203 11.2. Mechanical joints shall conform to Section 1203.3.2. 1203.11.1 Compression -type fittings. When compression - type fittings include inserts and ferrules or 0-rings, the fittings shall be installed without omitting the inserts and ferrules or 0-rings. 1203.11.2 Plastic -to -metal connections. Soldering on the metal portion of the system shall be performed at least 18 inches (457 mm) from a plastic -to -metal adapter in the same water line. 1203.12 PVC plastic pipe. Joints between PVC plastic pipe and fittings shall be solvent- cemented or threaded joints con- forming to Section 1203.3 1203.13 Steel pipe. Joints between steel pipe or fittings shall be mechanical joints that are made with an approved elas- tomeric seal, or shall be threaded or welded joints conforming to Section 1203.3 1203.14 Steel tubing. Joints between steel tubing or fittings shall be mechanical or welded joints conforming to Section 1203.3 SECTION 1204 PIPE INSULATION 1204.1 Insulation characteristics. Pipe insulation installed in buildings shall conform to the requirements ofthe energy code, shall be tested in accordance with ASTM E 84 and shall have a maximum flame spread rating of 25 and a smoke - developed rating not exceeding 50 Exception. This section shall not apply to one- and two - family dwellings. 1204.2 Required thickness. Hydronic piping shall be insulated to the thickness required by the energy code. 96 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE SECTION 1205 VALVES 1205.1 Where required. Shutoff valves shall be installed in hydronic piping systems in the locations indicated in Sections 1205 1 1 through 1205 1.6. 1205.1.1 Heat exchangers. Shutoff valves shall be installed on the supply and return side of a heat exchanger. Exception: Shutoff valves shall not be required when heat exchangers are integral with a boiler; or are a com- ponent of a manufacturer's boiler and heat exchanger packaged unit and are capable of being isolated from the hydronic system by the supply and return valves required by Section 1005 1 1205.1.2 Central systems. Shutoff valves shall be installed on the building supply and return of a central utility system. 1205.1.3 Pressure vessels. Shutoff valves shall be installed on the connection to any pressure vessel. 1205.1.4 Pressure- reducing valves. Shutoff valves shall be installed on both sides of a pressure- reducing valve. 1205.1.5 Equipment. Shutoff valves shall be installed on connections to mechanical equipment. This requirement does not apply to components of a hydronic system such as pumps, air separators, metering devices and similar equip- ment. 1205.1.6 Expansion tanks. Shutoff valves shall be installed at connections to nondiaphragm -type expansion tanks. 1205.2 Reduced pressure. A pressure relief valve shall be installed on the low- pressure side of a hydronic piping system that has been reduced in pressure. The relief valve shall be set at the maximum pressure of the system design. The valve shall be installed in accordance with Section 1006. SECTION 1206 PIPING INSTALLATION 1206.1 General. Piping, valves, fittings and connections shall be installed in accordance with the conditions of approval. 1206.1.1 Bull -head tees prohibited. Fluid in the supply side of a hydronic system shall not enter a tee fitting through the branch opening. 1206.2 System drain down. Hydronic piping systems shall be designed and installed to permit the system to be drained. Where the system drains to the plumbing drainage system, the installation shall conform to the requirements of the plumbing code. 1206.3 Protection of potable water. The potable water system shall be protected from backflow in accordance with the plumb- ing code. 1206.4 Pipe penetrations. Openings for pipe penetrations in walls, floors or ceilings shall be larger than the penetrating pipe. Openings through concrete or masonry building elements shall be sleeved. The annular space surrounding pipe penetrations shall be protected in accordance with the building code. 1206.5 Clearance to combustibles. A pipe in a hydronic piping system in which the exterior temperature exceeds 250 °F 1205 — 1209.2 (121'C ) shall have a minimum clearance of 1 inch (25 mm) to combustible materials. 1206.6 Contact with building material. A hydronic piping system shall not be in direct contact with building materials that cause the piping material to degrade or corrode, or that inter- feres with the operation of the system. 1206.7 Water hammer. The flow velocity of the hydronic piping system shall be controlled to reduce the possibility of water hammer. Where a quick - closing valve creates water hammer, an approved water - hammer arrestor shall be installed. The arrestor shall be located within a range as specified by the manufacturer of the quick - closing valve. 1206.8 Steam piping pitch. Steam piping shall be installed to drain to the boiler or the steam trap. Steam systems shall not have drip pockets that reduce the capacity of the steam piping. 1206.9 Strains and stresses. Piping shall be installed so as to prevent detrimental strains and stresses in the pipe. Provisions shall be made to protect piping from damage resulting from expansion, contraction and structural settlement. Piping shall be installed so as to avoid structural stresses or strains within building components. 1206.9.1 Flood hazard. Piping located in a flood - hazard zone or high - hazard zone shall be capable of resisting hy- drostatic and hydrodynamic loads and stresses, including the effects of buoyancy, during the occurrence of flooding to the base flood elevation. 1206.10 Pipe support. Pipe shall be supported in accordance with Section 305 SECTION 1207 TRANSFER FLUID 1207.1 Flash point. The flash point of transfer fluid in a hydronic piping system shall be a minimum of 50 °F (28 °C.) above the maximum system operating temperature. 1207.2 Makeup water. The transfer fluid shall be compatible with the makeup water supplied to the system. SECTION 1208 TESTS 1208.1 General. Hydronic piping systems shall be tested hy- drostatically at one and one -half times the maximum system design pressure, but not less than 100 psi (689 kPa). SECTION 1209 EMBEDDED PIPING 1209.1 Materials. Piping for heating panel shall be standard - weight steel pipe, Type L copper tubing, polybutylene or other approved plastic pipe or tubing rated at 100 psi (689 kPa) at 180 °F (82 °C.). 1209.2 Pressurizing during installation. Piping to be embed- ded in concrete shall be pressure tested prior to pouring con- crete. During pouring, the pipe shall be maintained at the proposed operating pressure. 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 97 1209.3 - 1209.4 1209.3 Embedded joints. Joints of pipe or tubing that are embedded in a portion of the building, such as concrete or plaster, shall be in accordance with the requirements of Sections 1209.3.1 through 1209.3.3 1209.3.1 Steel pipe joints. Steel pipe shall be welded by electrical arc or oxygen/acetylene method. 12093.2 Copper tubing joints. Copper tubing shall be joined by brazing with filler metals having a melting point of not less than 1,000T (538 °C.). 12093.3 Polybutylene joints. Polybutylene pipe and tubing shall be installed in continuous lengths or shall be joined by heat fusion in accordance with Section 1203. 10.1 1209.4 Not embedded related piping. Joints of other piping in cavities or running exposed shall be joined by approved methods in accordance with manufacturer's installation in- structions and related sections of this code. 98 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE CHAPTER 13 FUEL -GAS PIPING SECTION 1301 GENERAL 1301.1 Scope. This chapter shall govern the installation, modi- fication and maintenance of fuel -gas piping systems. The ap- plicability of this code to piping systems extends from the point of delivery to the connections with each utilization device and includes the design, materials, components, fabrication, assem- bly, installation, testing, inspection, operation and maintenance of such piping systems. 1301.1.1 Point of delivery. The point of delivery is the outlet of the service meter assembly, or the outlet of the service regulator or service shutoff valve where a meter is not provided, or where the service meter assembly is located within the building, at the entrance of the supply pipe into the building. For undiluted liquefied petroleum gas systems, the point of delivery is the outlet of the first stage pressure regulator. 1301.2 Liquefied petroleum gas storage. The storage system for liquefied petroleum gas shall be designed and installed in accordance with the fire prevention code and NFPA 58. 1301.3 Modifications to existing systems. In modifying or adding to existing piping systems, sizes shall be maintained in accordance with this chapter. 1301.4 Additional appliances. Where an additional appliance is to be served, the existing piping shall be checked to determine if it has adequate capacity for all appliances served. If inade- quate, the existing system shall be enlarged as required or separate gas piping of adequate capacity shall be provided. 1301.5 Identification. For other than black steel pipe, exposed gas piping shall be identified by a yellow label marked "Gas" in black letters. The marking shall be spaced at intervals not exceeding 5 feet (1524 mm). The marking shall not be required on pipe located in the same room as the equipment served. All tubing carrying medium - pressure gas shall be marked with a label at the beginning and end of each tubing section. 1301.6 Interconnections. Where two or more meters are in- stalled on the same premises but supply separate consumers, the piping systems shall not be interconnected on the outlet side of the meters. 1301.7 Piping meter identification. Piping from multiple meter installations shall be marked with an approved perma- nent identification by the installer so that the piping system supplied by each meter is readily identifiable. SECTION 1302 PIPE SIZING 1302.1 Minimum sizes. All pipe utilized for the installation, extension and alteration of any gas piping system shall be sized to supply the full number of outlets for the intended purpose. Where gas supply pressure is 0.5 psig (3.5 kPa) or less and the gas meter is located within 3 feet (914 mm) of the building exterior, all building piping from the meter outlet downstream (including the pipe outlets) shall be a minimum of 1/2 -inch (12.7 mm) in diameter. 1302.2 Gas demand. The hourly volume of gas demand at each outlet shall not be less than the maximum hourly demand, as specified by the manufacturer of the appliance served. 1302.2.1 Demand calculation. To calculate the cubic feet per hour (m3/h) of gas required, divide the maximum Btu/h (W) input of an appliance by the average Btu/h (W) heating value per cubic foot (m3) of gas being supplied. 1302.3 Appliance demand. Where the Btu/h (W) ratings of the gas appliances to be installed have not been specified, Table 1302.3 shall be used as a reference in sizing pipe to estimate the approximate requirements in Btu/h (W) of typical appli- ances. In all cases, the piping shall have the capacity to supply not less than the actual demand of the installed appliances. TABLE 1302.3 APPROXIMATE MAXIMUM DEMAND OF TYPICAL GAS APPLIANCES APPLIANCE DEMAND IN BTU/H Domestic Clothes dryer 35,000 Gas light 2,000 Incinerator 35,000 Oven, built -in 25,000 Range, free - standing 65,000 Top burner unit, built -in 40,000 Refrigerator 3,000 Residential Barbecue grill 50,000 Fireplace log lighter 5,000 Restaurant Range — 4 top burners, 2 ovens 150,000 Range — 6 top burners, 2 - 4 ovens 240,000 Steam boiler — per horsepower 50,000 Storage water heater Up to and including 30- gallon tank 30,000 Over 30 and including 50- gallon tank 55,000 For SI: I British thermal unit per hour = 0.2931 W, 1 gallon = 3 785 L. 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 99 1302.4 - 1302.9 1302.4 Gas pipe sizing. The size of gas piping shall be deter- mined in accordance with Section 1302.5, 1302.6, 1302.7 or 1302.8 1302.5 Gas pipe sizing by tables. Where the gas pressure is 0.5 psi (3.5 kPa) or less, the following method shall be used to determine the size of gas piping from the point of delivery- 1 Measure the length of piping from the point of delivery to the most remote outlet in the building. 2. In the fast column of the applicable table, select the horizontal row showing that distance, or next longer distance if the table does not give the exact length. 3 Use this horizontal row to locate all gas demand figures for the system of gas piping. 4 Starting at the most remote outlet, find in the horizontal row just selected, the gas demand for that outlet. If the exact figure of demand is not shown, choose the next larger figure to the right in the same row. 5. Above this demand figure in the top horizontal row in the table will be found the nominal size of pipe required. 6. For each succeeding section of pipe, determine the total gas demand supplied by such section and then proceed in the manner outlined above to determine the size of each section of pipe. For Schedule 40 gas pipe, use Table 1302.5(1); for tubing use, Table 1302.5(2); for plastic pipe, use Table 1302.5(3), 1302.5(4) or 1302.5(5). For corrugated stainless steel tubing, use Table 1302.5(6). 1302.6 Pipe sizing. The size of gas piping shall be determined by computing the maximum demand quantity in accordance with the following equation: High pressure (1.5 psig and above): DS (P; - PD Y Q =181.6 Cr fbaL 0541 = 2237 D2.623 L (P1 - 2) Y L Cr L Low pressure (less than 1.5 psig): D5 OH Q = 187.3 Cr ,Jba L 541 = 2313 D 1,6M [En-J, where: Q = Rate, cubic feet per hour at 60 °F and 30 -inch mercury column. D = inside diameter of pipe (inches). P, = Upstream pressure (psia). P2 = Downstream pressure (psis). Y = Superexpansibility factor. = I /supercompressibility factor. Cr = Factor for viscosity, density and temperature. 0152 = 0.00354 ST (14 S = Specific gravity of gas at 60 °F and 30 -inch mercury column. T = Absolute temperature (*Rankine). = t ( °F) + 460 t = Temperature (OF). Z = Viscosity of gas, centipoise (0.012 for natural gas, 0.008 for propane). = 1488 g. g = Viscosity (pounds force per second per square feet). fba = Base friction factor for air at 60 °F (CF =1). L = Length of pipe (feet). OH = Pressure drop, inch water column (27 7 -inch water column = 1 psi). CF = Factor CF = (ftal and fb = Base frictionl fact o)r for any fluid at a given temperature (OF). For SI: °C. _ ( °F - 321/1.8, 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 pound per square inch = 6.894 kPa. 1302.7 Sizing requirements for special conditions. For con- ditions other than those set forth in Section 1302.5 or those covered by Tables 1302.5(1) and 1302.5(2), such as longer runs or larger sizes of piping, greater gas demands, application of a diversity factor for multiple - family dwellings, pressures higher than 15 inches (3.732 kPa) or lower than 4 inches of water column (0.995 kPa) pressure, or specific gravity other than 0.6 to 0.8, the size of piping required shall be calculated in an approved manner. 1302.8 Sizing calculators. Piping sizes shall be determined by the use of approved accurate gas flow, computer or pressure drop charts. The maximum pressure drop from point ofdelivery to any appliance shall not exceed 0.5 inch (0.124 kPa) of water column. 1302.9 Diversity factor for multiple- family dwelling units. The common gas supply line to multiple - family dwelling units is permitted to be sized for a percentage ofthe total gas demand. The total gas demand for each common section of pipe shall be sized in accordance with the multiplier indicated in Table 1302.9 Where individual heating equipment is installed in each dwelling unit, the gas demand for such equipment shall be multiplied by 0.9 and added to the demand value ofthe common piping. 100 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE TABLE 1302.6(1) TABLE 1302.6(1) SIZE OF GAS PIPE MAXIMUM CAPACITY OF PIPE IN CUBIC FEET OF GAS PER HOUR Based on a Pressure Drop of 0.6 -Inch Water Column, 0.6 Specific Gravity Gas and Schedule 40 Pipe For SI: 1 cubic foot per hour = 0.0283 m3/h, 1 inch = 25 4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 inch water column = 0.2488 kPa. 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 101 NOMINAL PIPE StMNTERNAL DIAMETER (inches) LENGTH (feet) 14 0.622 3/4 0.824 1 1.049 11/4 1.380 114 1.610 2 2.067 214 2.469 3 3.068 4 4.026 6 6.066 10 175 360 680 1,400 2,100 3,950 6,300 11,000 23,000 69,600 20 120 250 465 950 1,460 2,750 4,350 7,700 15,800 49,300 30 97 200 375 770 1,180 2,200 3,520 6,250 12,800 40,200 40 82 170 320 660 990 1,900 3,000 5,300 10,900 34,800 50 73 151 285 580 900 1,680 2,650 4,750 9,700 31,200 60 66 138 260 530 810 1,520 2,400 4,300 8,800 28,400 70 61 125 240 490 750 1,400 2,250 3,900 8,100 1 26,300 80 57 118 220 460 690 1,300 2,050 3,700 7,500 24,600 90 53 110 205 430 650 1,220 1,950 3,450 7,200 23,200 100 50 103 195 400 620 1,150 1,850 3,250 6,700 22,000 125 44 93 175 360 550 1,020 1,650 2,950 6,000 19,700 150 40 84 160 325 500 950 1,500 2,650 5,500 18,000 175 37 77 145 300 460 850 1,370 2,450 5,000 16,000 200 35 72 135 280 430 800 1,280 2,280 4,600 15,600 225 25 57 115 253 392 793 1,230 2,200 4,475 14,688 250 24 54 109 240 372 752 1,185 2,175 4,350 13,934 275 23 52 104 229 355 717 1,140 2,050 4,225 13,286 300 22 50 100 219 340 686 1,090 1,975 4,100 12,720 350 20 46 92 203 314 635 1,043 1,897 3,969 11,777 400 19 43 86 190 294 594 975 1,775 3,712 11,016 450 18 41 81 179 277 560 920 1,673 3,500 10,386 500 17 38 77 170 263 532 872 1,588 3,320 9,853 550 16 37 74 162 251 507 832 1,514 3,166 9,394 600 15 35 71 155 240 485 796 1,449 3,031 8,994 700 14 33 65 143 222 449 737 1,342 2,806 8,327 800 13 30 61 134 208 420 690 11 255 2,625 71 789 900 13 29 58 126 196 396 650 1,183 2,475 7,344 1,000 12 27 55 120 186 376 617 1,123 2,348 1 6,967 For SI: 1 cubic foot per hour = 0.0283 m3/h, 1 inch = 25 4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 inch water column = 0.2488 kPa. 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 101 TABLE 1302.6(2) TABLE 1302.6(2) SIZE OF GAS TUBING MAXIMUM CAPACITY OF TUBING IN CUBIC FEET OF GAS PER HOUR Based on a Pressure Drop of 0.6 -inch Water Column and 0.6 Specific Gravity Gas LENGTH TUBING SIZE OD (inches) (fit) 4 3/4 rib 114 13b 10 28 66 126 218 341 705 1,251 20 19 44 85 146 229 473 840 30 15 35 67 116 181 375 665 40 13 30 57 98 154 318 564 50 11 26 50 86 135 280 496 60 10 24 45 78 122 252 447 70 9 22 41 71 111 230 409 80 9 20 38 66 103 213 379 90 8 19 36 62 96 199 354 100 8 18 34 58 91 188 333 120 7 16 30 52 82 169 300 140 6 15 28 48 75 155 274 160 6 13 26 44 69 143 254 180 5 13 24 41 65 134 237 200 5 12 23 39 61 126 224 220 5 11 21 37 58 119 212 240 5 11 20 35 55 113 201 260 4 10 19 34 52 108 192 280 4 10 19 32 50 104 184 300 4 9 18 31 48 100 177 320 4 9 17 30 47 96 171 340 4 9 17 29 45 93 165 360 4 8 16 28 43 90 159 380 4 8 16 27 42 87 155 400 3 8 15 26 41 85 1 150 For SI: 1 cubic foot per hour = 0.0283 m'/h, 1 inch = 25 4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 inch water column = 0.2488 kPa. 102 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE TABLE 1302.6(3) TABLE 1302.6(3) SIZE OF PLASTIC PIPE (0.0624NCH WALL) MAXIMUM CAPACITY OF PLASTIC PIPE IN CUBIC FEET OF GAS PER HOUR Based on a Pressure Drop of 0.64nch Water Column and 0.6 Specific Gravity Gas LENGTH (fit) TUBING SIZE OD (Inches) 4 (0.062 wall) s % (0.062 wall) 4 (0.062 wall) 74 (0.062 wall) 10 16 47 103 310 20 11 32 69 208 30 8 25 55 165 40 7 21 46 140 50 6 19 41 123 60 6 17 37 111 70 5 15 34 101 80 5 14 31 94 90 4 13 29 88 100 4 13 27 83 125 4 11 24 73 150 3 10 22 65 175 3 9 20 60 200 3 8 18 55 225 1 3 8 17 52 250 1 2 7 16 49 For SI: 1 cubic foot per hour = 0.0283 M3 /h, 1 inch = 25 4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 pound per square inch = 6.895 kPa, 1 inch water column = 0.2488 kPa. Note: Capacities based upon Mueller Formula for low - pressure installations of smooth tubing under 1 psi. 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 103 TABLE 13024(4) TABLE 1302.6(4) SIZE OF PLASTIC PIPE (0.0904NCH 3 0.0994NCH WALL) MAXIMUM CAPACITY OF PLASTIC PIPE IN CUBIC FEET OF GAS PER HOUR Based on a Pressure Drop of 0.64nch Water Column and 0.6 Specific Gravity Gas LENGTH (feet) TUBING SIZE OD (Inches) % (0.090 wall) (0.090 wall) (0.099 wall) 10.090 wall) 10 73 242 536 581 20 49 163 360 390 30 39 129 285 309 40 33 109 242 262 50 29 96 213 230 60 26 87 191 207 70 24 79 175 190 80 22 73 162 176 90 21 69 152 164 100 19 64 143 154 125 17 57 126 136 150 15 51 113 122 175 14 47 103 112 200 13 43 96 104 225 12 40 90 97 250 11 38 84 91 275 11 36 80 86 300 10 34 76 82 325 10 33 72 78 350 9 31 69 75 375 9 30 67 72 400 9 29 64 70 500 8 25 57 61 600 7 23 51 55 700 6 21 47 50 800 6 20 43 47 900 5 1$ 1 40 44 1,000 5 17 j 38 41 For SI: 1 cubic foot per hour = 0.0283 m3/h, 1 inch = 25 4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 pound per square inch = 6.895 kPa, 1 inch water ooiumn = 0. aa Kra. Note: Capacities based upon Mueller Formula for low- pressure installation of smooth tubing under 1 psi. 104 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE TABLE 1302.8(5) TABLE 1302.8(5) .. SIZE OF PLASTIC GAS PIPE MAXIMUM CAPACITY OF PLASTIC PIPE IN CUBIC FEET OF GAS PER HOUR (Based On a Pressure Drop of 0.8 -Inch Water Column, 0.6 Specific Gravity Gas and Wall Thickness as specified in Table) LENGTH (fit) PIPE SIZE OD (Inches) yq (0.090 Wall) 44 (0.095 Wall) 1 (0.118 Wall) 11/4 (0.166 Wall) 11h (0.173 Wall) 2 (0.216 Wall) 10 212 437 807 1,428 2,192 4,079 20 143 293 542 959 1,471 2,705 30 113 232 429 759 1,165 2,142 40 96 197 364 644 988 1,816 50 84 173 320 566 869 1,597 60 76 156 288 510 782 1,438 70 69 143 264 467 716 1,316 80 64 132 244 432 663 1,219 90 60 124 228 404 620 1,139 100 57 116 215 380 583 1,072 125 50 102 189 344 513 943 150 45 92 170 301 462 849 175 41 84 156 275 423 777 200 38 78 144 255 391 720 225 35 73 135 238 366 672 250 33 69 127 224 344 633 275 32 65 120 212 326 599 300 30 62 114 202 310 570 325 29 59 109 193 296 544 350 28 57 104 185 284 522 375 26 54 100 178 273 501 400 25 52 97 171 263 483 500 22 46 85 151 231 425 600 20 42 77 136 208 383 700 18 38 70 124 190 350 800 17 35 65 115 176 324 900 16 33 61 107 165 303 1,000 15 31 57 101 155 285 For SI: 1 cubic foot per hour = 0.0283 m3/h, I inch = 25 4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 pound per square inch = 6.895 kPa, 1 inch water column = 0.2488 Kra. Note: Capacities based upon Mueller formula for low - pressure installations of smooth tubing under 1 psi. 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 106 TABLE 1302.6(6) TABLE 1302.6(6) MAXIMUM CAPACITY' OF CORRUGATED STAINLESS STEEL TUBING IN (CSST) CUBIC FEET PER HOUR FOR GAS PRESSURE OF 0.6 PSIG OR LESS AND PRESSURE DROP OF 0.6 -INCH WATER COLUMN (Based on a 0.60 Specific Gravity Gas) TUBING EHD° FLOW DESIGNATION LENGTH 0e0) 13 16 18 19 23 26 30 31 5 46 63 115 134 225 270 471 546 10 32 44 82 95 161 192 330 383 15 25 35 66 77 132 157 267 310 20 22 31 58 67 116 137 231 269 25 19 27 52 60 104 122 206 240 30 18 25 47 55 96 112 188 218 40 15 21 41 47 83 97 162 188 50 13 19 37 42 75 87 144 168 60 12 17 34 38 66 80 131 153 70 11 16 31 36 63 74 121 141 80 10 15 29 33 60 69 113 132 90 10 14 28 32 57 65 107 125 100 9 13 26 30 54 62 101 118 150 7 10 20 23 42 48 78 91 200 6 9 18 21 38 44 71 82 250 5 8 16 19 34 39 63 74 300 5 7 15 17 32 36 57 67 For SI: 1 cubic feet per hour = 0.0283 M3 /h, I inch = 25 4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 pound per square inch = 6.895 kPa, I degree = 0.0175 rad, 1 inch water column = 0.2488 kPa. ° Table includes losses for four 90- degree bends and two end fittings. Tubing runs with larger numbers of bends or fittings shall be increased by an equivalent length of tubing to the following equation: L = 1.3n where L is additional length (feet) of tubing and n is the number of additional fittings or bends. b Equivalent Hydraulic Diameter (EHD) —A measure of the relative hydraulic efficiency between different tubing sizes. The greater the value of EHD, the greater the gas capacity of the tubing. 106 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE TABLE 1302.8 DEMAND VALUES FOR DETERMINING GAS PIPING SIZE IN MULTIPLE - FAMILY DWELLING UNITS NUMBER OF UNITS MULTIPLIER OF TOTAL CONNECTED LOAD BASED ON SIMILAR APPLIANCES BEING INSTALLED IN EACH UNIT Ranges only Ranges and water heaters 2 0.85 0.77 4 0.65 0.59 6 0.54 0.49 8 0.46 044 10 0.42 0.40 15 0.36 0.34 20 0.31 0.30 30 0.25 0.24 40 0.23 0.22 50 0.21 0.20 60 0.19 0.19 70 0.18 018 80 0.17 0.16 90 0.16 0.15 100 0.15 0.14 125 0.14 0.14 150 0.13 013 175 013 0.12 200 1 0.12 L 0.11 SECTION 1303 PIPING MATERIALS 1303.1 General. Piping material for the installation, alteration or repair of fuel -gas piping systems shall comply with this section. 1303.2 Piping standards. Fuel -gas pipe shall comply with one of the standards listed in Table 1303.2. TABLE 1303.2 FUEL GAS PIPE MATERIAL STANDARD (see Chapter 16) Aluminum-alloy pipe and tubing ASTM B 210; ASTM B 241 Brass pipe ASTM B 43 Copper or copper-alloy i e ASTM B 42, ASTM B 302 Copper or copper -alloy tube seamless (Type K or L ASTM B 88 Co er tube seamless (Type ACR ASTM B 280 Corrugated stainless steel tubing ANSI LC -1 Ductile iron pipe ANSI A21.52 Plastic pipe and tubing ASTM D 2513 Steel pipe ASTM A 53, ASTM A 106 Steel tubing ASTM A 254, ASTM A 539 TABLE 1302.9 - 1303.11 1303.3 Corrugated stainless steel tubing. Corrugated stain- less steel tubing systems shall be tested, listed and installed in accordance with ANSI LC -1 1303.4 Plastic piping. Plastic pipe or tubing, and compatible fittings shall be installed only underground outside of build- ings. Only polyethylene pipe shall be used with liquefied petroleum gases and such application shall comply with NFPA 58. Exception. Plastic pipe shall be permitted to terminate above ground outside of buildings where installed in pre - manufactured anodeless risers or service head adapter risers that are installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions. 1303.5 Copper tubing. Copper tubing shall not be used where the gas contains more than an average of 0.3 grains (0.0194 g) of hydrogen sulfide for 100 standard cubic feet (2.8 m3) of gas (a trace as determined under ASTM D 2420). 1303.6 Aluminum -alloy pipe and tubing. Aluminum -alloy pipe and tubing shall not be used underground or outside of the structure. 1303.7 Fittings. Fittings shall be approved for fuel -gas piping systems. The fittings shall be compatible with, or shall be of the same material as, the pipe or tubing. Bushings shall not be utilized. 1303.7.1 Flanges. Flange fittings shall conform to ASME B 16.1 or ASME B 16.5 Gasket material for flanged fittings shall be approved and compatible with the fuel gas being conveyed. 1303.8 Reused pipe. Gas pipe shall be new or shall have been used previously only for the purpose of conveying gas, reused gas pipe shall be in good condition, clean and free from internal obstructions, and burred ends shall be reamed to the full bore of the pipe. Pipe, tubing, fittings, valves, etc., removed from any existing installation shall not be reused unless thoroughly cleaned, inspected and ascertained to be equivalent to new material. 1303.9 Approval. Joints and connections shall be of an ap- proved type for gas piping systems. Joints and connections shall be tested to be gas tight at the test pressures required for the application. 1303.9.1 Joints between different piping materials. Joints between different piping materials shall be made with ap- proved adapter fittings. Joints between different metallic piping materials at the point of delivery, and at other loca- tions where necessary, shall be made with approved dielec- tric fittings to isolate electrically above - ground piping from underground piping or to isolate electrically different metal- lic piping materials joined underground. 1303.10 Preparation of pipe ends. All pipe shall be cut square, reamed and chamfered and be free of all burrs and obstructions. Pipe ends shal I have full -bore openings and shall not be under- cut. 1303.11 Joint preparation and installation. Where required by Sections 1303 11 1 through 1303 19, the preparation and installation of brazed, flared, mechanical, threaded and welded joints shall comply with Sections 1303 11 1 through 1303 11.5 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 107 1303.11 1 - 1303.20.1 1303.11.1 Brazed joints. All joint surfaces shall be cleaned. An approved flux shall be applied where required. The joint shall be brazed with a filler metal conforming to AWS A5.8. Brazing materials shall have a melting point in excess of 1,000 °F (538 °C ). Brazing alloys shall not contain phospho- rous. 1303.11.2 Flared joints. Flared joints shall be made by a tool designed for that operation. 1303.11.3 Mechanical joints. Mechanical joints shall be made with fittings specified by the manufacturer for gas service and shall be installed in accordance with the manu- facturer's instructions. 1303.11.4 Threaded joints. Threads shall conform to ASME B1.20 1 Pipe joint compound or tape shall be ap- plied on the male threads only 1303.11.5 Welded joints. All joint surfaces shall be cleaned by an approved procedure. The joint shall be welded with an approved filler metal. 1303.12 Aluminum -alloy pipe and tubing. Joints between aluminum -alloy pipe and tubing or fittings shall be flared or mechanical joints conforming to Section 1303 11 1303.13 Brass pipe. Joints between brass pipe or fittings shall be brazed, mechanical, threaded or welded joints conforming to Section 1303 11 1303.14 Copper or copper -alloy pipe. Joints between copper or copper -alloy pipe or fittings shall be brazed, mechanical, threaded or welded joints conforming to Section 1303 11 1303.15 Copper or copper -alloy tubing. Joints between cop- per or copper -alloy tubing or fittings shall be brazed, flared or mechanical joints conforming to Section 1303 11 1303.16 Ductile iron pipe. Joints between ductile iron pipe and fittings shall be flanged. Joints shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. 1303.17 Plastic pipe and tubing. Joints between plastic pipe and tubing or fittings shall be in accordance with Sections 1303 17 1 through 1303 17.5 1303.17.1 General. Plastic pipe, tubing and fittings shall be joined by the solvent- cement method, heat - fusion method, or by means of compression couplings or flanges. The joining method used shall be compatible with the materials being joined and shall be in accordance with the pipe manu- facturer's installation instructions. Plastic pipe or tubing shall not be threaded. Heat - fusion or mechanical joints shall be used where joining polyethylene (PE) pipe, tubing or fittings. The joint shall be designed and installed to sustain effectively the longitudinal pull -out forces caused by con- traction of the piping or by external loading. 1303.17.2 Heat - fusion joints. Only polyolefin (PE and PB) piping shall be heat fused. Joint surfaces shall be clean and free of moisture. All joint surfaces shall be heated to melt temperature and joined. The joint shall be undisturbed until cool in accordance with the manufacturer's installation in- structions. 1303.17.3 Mechanical compression joints. Mechanical compression joints shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions. Only compression fittings designed for and specified by the manufacturer for use with plastic pipe in natural gas or LP -gas vapor service shall be used. Mechanical fittings used to connect PE gas piping shall provide for ASTM D 2513 category 1, full -re- straint, full -seal joints and shall be so marked. Where compression -type mechanical joints are used, the gasket material in the fitting shall be compatible with the plastic piping and with the gas distributed by the gas com- pany An internal tubular rigid stiffener shall be used in conjunction with the fitting and the stiffener shall be flush with end of the pipe or tubing and extend at least to the outside end of the compression fitting when installed. The stiffener shall be free of rough or sharp edges and shall not be a force fit into the plastic. A split tubular stiffener shall not be used. 1303.17.4 Solvent cementing. Joint surfaces shall be clean and free of moisture. An approved primer shall be applied to PVC pipe, tubing or fittings. An approved solvent cement shall be applied to all joint surfaces. The joint shall be made while the cement is wet. Joints shall be made in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. Polyolefin plastic pipe, tubing or fittings (PE and PB) shall not be solvent cemented. Solvent- cement or heat - fusion joints shall not be made between different types of plastic. 1303.17.5 Flanges and special joints. Flanges or special joints shall be properly qualified by the manufacturer and utilized in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions. Polyethylene (PE) pipe and tubing shall not be flared. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe and tubing shall not be flared unless specified by the manufacturer and only where flared joints are underground. 1303.18 Steel pipe. Joints between steel pipe or fittings shall be threaded or welded joints conforming to Section 1303 11 or mechanical joints conforming to Section 1303 18.1 1303.18.1 Mechanical joints. Joints shall be made with an approved elastomeric seal. Mechanical joints shall be in- stalled in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. Mechanical joints shall be installed outside and under- ground, unless otherwise approved. 1303.19 Steel tubing. Joints between steel tubing or fittings shall be mechanical or welded joints conforming to Section 1303 11 1303.20 Connection of plastic to metallic piping. Connec- tions between metallic and plastic piping shall be made under- ground outside of buildings. Underground connections between the metallic piping and the plastic piping shall be made with a mechanical fitting or a factory- assembled, plastic -to- steel transition fitting as specified by the manufacturer for gas piping applications. Exception Plastic pipe shall be permitted to terminate above ground -outside of buildings where installed in pre - manufactured anodeless risers or service head adapter risers that are installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions. 1303.20.1 Compression end riser transitions. Where con- necting plastic pipe to a compression -end metallic riser below ground, there shall be a minimum of 12 inches (305 mm) of horizontal length of metallic piping underground at the end of any plastic piping installed, and any underground 108 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE gas carrying metallic piping shall be suitably protected against corrosion. The metallic piping shall be of adequate length and size so that stress or strain is not placed on the plastic piping. 1303.20.2 Aodeless riser and service head adapter riser transitions. Where terminating polyethylene gas pipe above ground, only anodeless risers and service head adapter risers designed and specified by the manufacturer for such use shall be used. The above -ground portion of the polyethylene shall be centered in the metallic casing to ensure that the temperature of the polyethylene pipe does not exceed 140 °F (60 °C.). 1303.21 Corrosion protection. Metallic pipe or tubing ex- posed to corrosive action, such as soil conditions or moisture, shall be protected in an approved manner. Zinc coatings (gal- vanizing) shall not be deemed adequate protection for gas piping below ground. Ferrous metals exposed in exterior loca- tions shall be protected from contusion in a manner satisfactory to the code official. 1303.21.1 Protective coatings and wrapping. Gas pipe protective coatings shall be approved types, machine ap- plied and shall conform to recognized standards. Field wrap- ping shall provide equivalent protection and is restricted to fittings, short sections and where the factory wrap has been damaged or necessarily stripped for threading or welding. 1303.22 Joint compounds. Joint compounds shall be applied only to the male threads. Such compounds shall be resistant to the action of liquefied petroleum gases. 1303.23 Specifications for metallic pipe threads. Pipe and fitting threads shall comply with ASME B 1.20 1 and Sections 1303.23 1 and 1303.23.2. 1303.23.1 Damaged threads or welds. Pipe with threads that are stripped, chipped, corroded or otherwise damaged shall not be used. If a weld opens, or defects in lap- or butt- welded pipe are evidenced during the operation of cutting or threading or at any other time, that portion of the pipe shall not be used. 1303.23.2 Number and length of threads. Pipe shall be threaded in accordance with Table 1303.23.2. TABLE 1303.23.2 SPECIFICATIONS FOR THREADED PIPE IRON PIPE SIZE (Inches) APPROXIMATE LENGTH OF THREADED PORTION (inches) APPROXIMATE NUMBER OF THREADS TO BE CUT V2 3/4 10 3/4 3/a 10 1 7/8 10 1 I/4 1 11 11/2 1 11 2 1 11 21/2 1 11/2 12 3 11/2 12 4 15 /8 13 For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm. 1303.20.2 — 1304.8 SECTION 1304 PIPING SYSTEM INSTALLATION 1304.1 Location limitations. Gas piping inside any building shall not be run in or through an air duct, clothes chute, chimney or vent, ventilating duct, dumbwaiter, elevator shaft or con- cealed plenum. 1304.2 Piping in solid partitions and walls. Concealed piping shall not be located in solid partitions and solid walls, unless installed in a chase or casing. 1304.3 Piping in concealed locations. Portions of a gas piping system installed in concealed locations shall not have unions, tubing fittings or running threads. 1304.4 Grounding. Gas piping shall not be used as a grounding electrode. 1304.5 Piping through foundation walls. Where installed to pass through masonry, gas piping shall be encased in a sleeve. The sleeve shall be sealed at the outside of the foundation wall to prevent entry of water. Gas piping shall not penetrate a building foundation wall below grade. 1304.6 Protection against physical damage. In concealed locations, where gas piping other than black or galvanized steel is installed through holes or notches in wood studs, joists, rafters or similar members less than 11/4 inches (32 nun) from the nearest edge of the member, the pipe shall be protected by shield plates. Shield plates shall be a minimum of 1/16- inch -thick (1.6 mm) steel, shall cover the area of the pipe where the member is notched or bored, and shall extend a minimum of 4 inches (102 mm) above sole plates, below top plates and to each side of a stud, joist or rafter. 1304.7 Piping in solid floors. Piping shall not be installed in solid floor slabs, such as concrete or masonry, except where the code official determines that there is no other practical manner of installing such piping. For this type of floor construction, the house piping shall be installed above the floor, in an open or furred space, hollow partition, hollow wall, attic space or pipe chase. 1304.7.1 Alternative installation. Where the code official determines that it is not practical to avoid the installation of piping in solid floors, one of the following methods of installation shall be followed where approved. 1 Piping shall be installed in a casing of Schedule 40 steel pipe with tightly sealed ends and joints. Both ends of the casing shall extend at least 2 inches (51 mm) beyond the point where the pipe emerges from the floor. 2. Piping shall be installed in a channel in the floor. Such channel shall be suitably covered so as to permit access to the piping and prevent the entrance of cor- rosive materials, or it shall be filled with a noncor- rosive material which, when removed, will cause a minimum of damage to the floor. 1304.8 Piping passing above grade through solid floors and solid walls. One of the following methods of installation shall be used to install above -grade piping through solid floors and solid walls, unless otherwise approved by the code official. 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 109 1304.9 — 1305.7 Piping passing through masonry floors and walls shall be protected by a sleeve. 1 Piping shall be installed in a casing, or through an open- ing of adequate size. 2. Piping shall be encased in a 1.3 mixture of cement and sand, which coating shall not be less than 3/4 -inch (19 mm) thick. 1304.9 Separate ditch for gas piping. The laying or installing of gas piping in the same trench with water, sewer or drainage pipe is prohibited, except where approved. 1304.10 Protection against corrosion. Metallic gas piping in contact with earth or other material that will corrode the piping, shall be protected against corrosion. When dissimilar metals are joined underground, an insulated coupling shall be used. Metallic piping shall not be laid in contact with cinders. 1304.11 Minimum burial depth. Underground piping systems shall be installed a minimum depth of 18 inches (457 mm) below grade, except as provided for in Section 1304 11 1 1304.11.1 Individual outside appliances. Individual gas lines to outside lights, grills or other appliances shall be installed a minimum of 8 inches (203 mm) below grade, provided that such installation is approved and is installed in locations not susceptible to physical damage. 1304.12 Buried building piping. Piping shall not be installed in such a way as to be in contact with the ground or fill under a building or floor slab. 1304.13 Hanger and support. Pipe supports shall be in ac- cordance with Section 305 1304.14 Pipe bends. Changes in direction of gas piping shall be made by the use of fittings or by the use of bends made in accordance with Sections 1304 14 1 and 1304 14.2. 1304.14.1 Metallic pipe bends. All bends shall be smooth and free from buckling, cracks or other evidence of me- chanical damage, and shall be made only with bending equipment and procedures intended for that purpose. The longitudinal weld of the pipe shall be near the neutral axis of the bend. Pipe shall not be bent through an arc of more than 90 degrees (1.6 rad). The inside radius of a bend shall not be less than six times the outside diameter of the pipe. 1304.14.2 Plastic pipe bends. Bending of plastic pipe shall be in accordance with the pipe manufacturer's installation instructions. 1304.15 Location of outlets. The unthreaded portion of gas piping outlets shall extend not less than I inch (25 4 mm) through finished ceilings and walls, and where extending through floors or outdoor patios and slabs, shall not be less than 2 inches (51 mm) above them. The outlet fitting or piping shall be securely fastened. Outlets shall not be placed behind doors. Outlets shall be far enough from floors, walls, patios, slabs and ceilings to permit the use of proper wrenches without straining, bending or damaging the piping. Exception. Listed and labeled flush- mounted -type quick - disconnect devices or listed and labeled gas convenience outlets shall be installed in accordance with the manufac- turer's installation instructions. 1304.16 Outlet closures. Gas outlets that do not connect to appliances shall be capped gas tight. 1304.17 Plastic piping limitations. Plastic pipe shall not be used within or under any building or slab or be operated at pressures greater than 100 psig (689 kPa) for natural gas or 30 psig (207 kPa) for LP -gas. 1304.17.1 Tracer for plastic piping. A yellow insulated copper tracer wire or other approved conductor shall be installed adjacent to underground nonmetallic gas piping. Access shall be provided to the tracer wire or the tracer wire shall terminate above ground at each end of the nonmetallic gas piping. The tracer wire size shall not be less than 18 AWG and the insulation type shall be suitable for direct burial. 1304.18 Testing of piping. Before any system of gas piping is finally put in service, it shall be tested to ensure that it is gas tight. Where any part of the system is to be enclosed or concealed, this test shall precede the work of closing in. To test for tightness, the piping shall be filled with air or inert gas, but not with any other gas or liquid. Testing, inspection and purging of gas .piping systems shall comply with NFPA 54 1304.18.1 Test instruments. Test pressure shall be meas- ured with an approved instrument. SECTION 1306 GAS SHUTOFF VALVES 1305.1 Appliance connection. Every gas outlet shall have an individual shutoff valve. The shutoff valve shall be in the same room and within 6 feet (1829 mm) of the appliance served. Access shall be provided to the shutoff valve. 1305.2 Shutoff valves for multiple house lines. In multiple tenant buildings, where a common piping system is installed to supply other than one- or two - family dwellings, shutoff valves shall be provided for each tenant. Shutoff valves shall be accessible to the tenant served. 1305.2.1 Individual buildings. In a common system serv- icing a number of individual buildings, shutoff valves shall be installed outside at each building. 1305.3 Valve approval. Shutoff valves shall be of an approved type. Shutoff valves shall be constructed with materials com- patible with the gas piping. Shutoff valves shall be approved and comply with ANSI Z21.15, ANSI Z21.21 or ASME B16.33 1305.4 Prohibited locations. Shutoff valves for gas piping shall be prohibited in all concealed locations and all spaces used as plenums. 1305.5 Accessibility of gas valves. Shutoff valves controlling separate piping systems shall be placed an adequate distance from each other so they will be readily accessible for operation and shall be installed so as to be protected from damage. Shutoff valves shall be plainly marked with an identification tag at- tached by the installer so that the piping systems supplied by such valves are readily identified. 1305.6 Exterior shutoff. An exterior shutoff valve shall be provided for each structure. 1305.7 Meter valve. Every meter shall be equipped with a shutoff valve located on the supply side of the meter. 110 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE SECTION 1306 TWO -PSI AND HIGHER GAS PIPING 1306.1 Scope. The requirements of this chapter are applicable to 2 -psi (13.8 kPa) gas piping installations except as modified by this section. 1306.2 TWo -psi piping systems. TWo -psi (13.8 kPa) gas piping systems designed in accordance with this chapter and other requirements of this code are intended for use where the build- ing service regulator has been set to deliver gas at 2 psi (13.8 kPa). 1306.3 Required size for 2 -psi piping. The size of gas piping for 2 -psi (13.8 kPa) gas pressure from the point of delivery to the medium pressure (MP) regulator shall be determined in accordance with the following procedure: 1 Measure the length of piping from the point where the building piping begins to the most remote MP regulator. 2. In the first vertical column in Table 1306.3(1), select the horizontal row showing that distance or the next longer distance where the table does not give the exact length. 3 Use this horizontal row to locate all gas demand figures for this particular system of gas piping. 4 Starting at the most remote MP regulator, find in the horizontal row just selected, the gas demand for that regulator. Where the text figure of demand is not shown, choose the next larger figure to the right in the same row 5 Above this demand figure, in the top horizontal row in Table 1306.3(1), will be found the nominal size ofpiping required. 6. For each succeeding section of pipe, determine the total gas demand supplied by such section, and then proceed in the manner outlined above to determine the size of each :., section of piping. 7 For pipe, follow foregoing procedure using Table 1306.3(2). 1306.4 Piping size from regulator. The size of piping between each MP regulator and the appliance or appliance regulator, shall be determined in accordance with the following proce- dure: 1 Measure the length of piping from the MP regulator to the most remote outlet served by such regulator. 2. In the first vertical column in Table 1306.4, select the horizontal row showing that distance or the next longer distance if the table does not give the exact length. 3 Use this horizontal row to locate all gas demand figures for each section of gas piping served by the MP regulator. 4 Starting at the most remote outlet served by the MP regulator, find in the horizontal row just selected the gas demand for that outlet. If the exact figure of demand is not shown, choose the next larger figure to the right in the same row 5 Above this demand figure, in the top horizontal row in Table 1306.4, will be found the size of tubing required. 6 For each succeeding section of tubing downstream of the MP regulator, determine the total gas demand supplied 1306 - TABLE 1306.3(2) by each section and then proceed in the manner outlined above to determine the size of each section of tubing. 7 Utilizing the foregoing procedure, determine the size of tubing downstream of each MP regulator. TABLE 1306.3(1) SIZE OF GAS TUBING MAXIMUM CAPACITY OF TUBING IN CUBIC FEET OF GAS PER HOUR Based on a Pressure Drop of 1.6 psi and 0.6 Specific Gravity Gas LENGTH (mi) OUTSIDE DIAMETER OF TUBING (inch) ate % % 74 5 501 1,062 2,222 5,706 10 336 713 1,491 3,831 15 266 565 1,181 3,034 20 226 479 1,001 1 2,571 30 179 379 793 2,037 40 151 321 672 1,726 50 133 283 591 1,518 60 120 255 532 1,367 70 110 233 487 1,251 80 102 216 451 1,159 90 95 202 422 1,083 100 89 190 397 1,019 125 79 167 349 897 150 71 150 314 807 200 60 127 266 684 For SI: 1 cubic foot per hour = 0.0283 m31h, 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 pound per square inch = 6.895 kPa. TABLE 1306.3(2) SIZE OF GAS PIPE MAXIMUM CAPACITY OF PIPE IN CUBIC FEET OF GAS PER HOUR Based on a Pressure Drop of 1.5 psi, 0.6 Specific Gravity Gas and Schedule 40 Pipe LENGTH (feet) NOMINAL DIAMETER (Inch) % 4114 10 1,990 4,170 20 1,370 2,860 30 1,100 2,300 40 940 1,970 50 830 1,740 60 760 1,580 70 700 1,450 80 650 1,350 90 610 1,270 100 570 1,200 125 510 1,060 150 460 960 175 425 890 200 1 395 1 820 For SI: 1 cubic foot per hour = 0.0283 m3/h, 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 pound per square inch = 6.895 kPa. 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 111 TABLE 1306.4 — 1308.2 TABLE 1306.4 SIZE OF GAS TUBING MAXIMUM CAPACITY OF TUBING IN CUBIC FEET OF GAS PER HOUR Based on a Pressure Drop of 1 -Inch Water Column and 0.6 Specific Gravity Gas LENGTH (mot) OUTSIDE DIAMETER OF TUBING (Inch) IA % 74 2 97 207 433 1,111 4 65 139 290 746 6 52 110 230 591 8 44 93 195 501 10 39 82 171 440 15 31 65 136 349 20 26 55 115 296 25 23 48 101 260 30 21 44 91 234 40 17 37 77 198 50 15 32 68 175 75 12 26 54 139 100 10 22 46 117 For SI: 1 cubic foot per hour = 0.0283 m3 /h, i inch = 25 4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 inch water column = 0.2488 kPa. 1306.5 Sizing requirements for special conditions. For con- ditions other than those set forth in Sections 1306.3 and 1306.4 or those covered by Tables 1306.3(1), 1306.3(2) and 1306.4, such as longer runs or larger sizes of piping; greater gas demands, application of a diversity factor when piping multi- ple- family dwellings, pressures other than 2 psi (13.8 kPa) or lower than 4 inches of water column pressure (995 Pa); or specific gravity other than 0.55 to 0 75, the size of piping required shall be calculated in an approved manner. The maxi- mum design operating pressure for piping systems located inside buildings shall be 5 psi (34.5 kPa), except where other- wise approved by the code official, and one or more of the following conditions are met: 1 The piping system is located within industrial processing or heating structures. 2. The piping system is located within research structures. 3 The piping system is located within structures that exclu- sively contain boilers or mechanical equipment. 4 The piping system is welded steel pipe. 5 The piping is a temporary installation for structures under construction. SECTION 1307 GAS FLOW CONTROLS 1307.1 Gas pressure regulators. A gas pressure regulator or gas equipment pressure regulator shall be installed where the gas appliance is designed to operate at a lower pressure than the fuel gas system. Access shall be provided to pressure regulators. Pressure regulators shall be protected from physical damage Regulators installed on the exterior of the building shall be approved for outdoor installation. 1307.2 Second stage LP -gas regulators. Second stage regu- lators for undiluted liquefied petroleum (LP) gas piping sys- tems shall be listed and labeled in accordance with UL 144 1307.3 N P regulators. MP pressure regulators installed in the 2 -psi (13.8 kPa) portions of the piping system shall comply with the following: 1 The MP regulator shall be approved and shall be suitable for the inlet and outlet gas pressures for the application. 2. The MP regulator shall maintain a reduced outlet pres- sure under lockup (no -flow) conditions. 3 The capacity of the MP regulator, determined by publish- ed ratings of its manufacturer, shall be adequate to supply the appliances served. 4 The MP pressure regulator shall be accessible for servic- ing. Where located indoors, the regulator shall be vented to outdoors or equipped with a leak- limiting device, in either case complying with Section 1307:4 5 MP pressure regulators shall be so installed on the piping system that they cannot be concealed by building con- struction. 6. Where there is more than one MP regulator in the com- plete piping system served by one meter, a listed shutoff valve shall be installed immediately ahead of each MP regulator. 1307.4 Venting of regulators. Gas pressure regulators that require a vent shall have an independent vent to the outside of the building. The vent shall be designed to prevent the entry of water or foreign objects. Exception A vent to the outside of the building is not required for second stage regulators equipped with and labeled for utilization with approved vent - limiting devices. SECTION 1308 INSTALLATION REQUIREMENTS FOR UNDILUTED LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES (BUTANE AND PROPANE) 1308.1 Scope. This section contains specific requirements cov- ering the installation of gas piping and appliances where undi- luted liquefied petroleum gas is to be used. The code requirements of this chapter are applicable to undiluted lique- fied petroleum gas installations except as modified in this section. 1308.2 Size of pipe or tubing. Piping sizes shall be calculated by one of the following: 1 As specified in Section 1302.5, except substitute Table 1308.2(1) for Table 1302.5(1), substitute Table 1308.2(2) for Table 1302.5(2) and substitute Table 1308.2(4) for Table 1302.5(6). 112 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 2. As specified in Section 1302.2 and 1302.5 with the following modifications. Sizing shall be determined based on a gas- heating value of 1,000 Btu per cubic foot (10.4 kW /m3) and a specific gravity of 0.60. The size of the pipe thus obtained shall be reduced to the size of pipe or tubing listed in Table 1308.2(3) which compensates for the difference in gases. TABLE 1308.2(1) CAPACITY OF SCHEDULE 40 PIPE THOUSANDS OF BTU/H OF UNDILUTED LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS AT A PRESSURE DROP OF 0.5 -INCH WATER COLUMN LENGTH NOMINAL PIPE DIAMETER (Inch) OF PIPE (feet) 1/ 3/ 1 111 111 2 10 275 567 1,071 2,205 3,307 6,221 20 189 393 732 1,496 2,299 4,331 30 152 315 590 1,212 1,858 3,465 40 129 267 504 1,039 1,559 2,992 50 114 237 448 913 1,417 2,646 60 103 217 409 834 1,275 2,394 70 96 196 378 771 1,181 2,205 80 89 185 346 724 1,086 2,047 90 83 173 322 677 1,023 1 1,921 100 78 162 307 630 976 1,811 125 69 146 275 567 866 1,606 150 63 132 252 511 787 1,496 For SI: 1 British thermal unit per hour = 0.2931 W, 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 inch water column = 0.2488 kPa. TABLE 1308.2(2) CAPACITY OF SEMIRIGID TUBING THOUSANDS OF BTU/H OF UNDILUTED LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS AT A PRESSURE DROP OF 0.5 -INCH WATER COLUMN LENGTH OUTSIDE DIAMETER (Inch) OF TUBING Peet) 3/ 1/ 3/ 5/ 10 39 92 199 329 501 20 26 62 131 216 346 30 21 50 107 181 277 40 19 41 90 145 233 50 — 37 79 1 131 198 60 — 35 72 121 187 70 — 31 67 112 164 80 — 29 62 104 155 90 — 27 59 95 146 100 — 27 55 1 90 1 138 For SI: 1 British thermal unit per hour = 0.2931 W, 1 inch= 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 inch water column = 0.2488 kPa. TABLE 1308.2(1) – TABLE 1308.2(4) TABLE 13082(3) CORRESPONDING SIZES SUITABLE FOR UNDILUTED LP -GASES BASED ON SIZES REQUIRED FOR NATURAL GAS SIZE REOUIRED FOR 1,000 STU/H 0.60 NATURAL GAS IRON PIPE [nominal diameter (inches)) CORRESPONDING SIZES SUITABLE FOR UNDILUTED LP -GASES Iron pipe [nominal diameter (inches)] Copper tubing outside diameter (Inches) 1/ 3/ 5/ 3/ I/ 3/ 1 3/ 1/ 11/4 1 11/ 11/ 11/ 13/ 2 11/ 15/ 21/2 2 21/ 3 21/ — 4 3 — 6 6 — For SI: 1 British thermal unit per hour = 0.2931 W, 1 inch = 25.4 rum, 1 foot = 304.8 mm. TABLE 1308.2(4) CAPACITYa OF CORRUGATED STAINLESS STEEL TUBING THOUSANDS OF BTU/H OF UNDILUTED LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS AT A PRESSURE DROP OF 0.5 -INCH WATER COLUMN TUBING LENGTH (feet) EHDb FLOW DESIGNATION 13 15 16 19 23 25 30 31 5 72 99 181 211 355 426 744 863 10 50 69 129 150 254 303 521 605 15 39 55 104 121 208 248 422 490 20 34 49 91 106 183 216 365 425 25 30 42 82 94 164 192 325 379 30 28 39 74 87 151 177 297 344 40 23 33 64 74 131 153 256 297 50 20 30 58 1 66 118 137 227 265 60 19 26 53 60 107 126 207 241 70 17 25 49 57 99 117 191 222 80 15 23 45 52 94 109 178 208 90 15 22 44 50 90 102 169 197 100 14 20 41 47 85 98 159 186 150 11 15 31 36 66 75 123 143 200 9 14 28 33 60 69 112 129 250 8 12 25 30 53 61 99 117 300 8 11 23 26 50 57 90 107 For SI: 1 British thermal unit per hour = 0.2931 W 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 inch water column = 0.2488 kPa, 1 degree = 0.175 rad. 'Table includes losses for four 90 -degree bends and two end fittings. Tubing runs with larger number of bends or fittings shall be increased by an equivalent length of tubing according to the following equation: L = 1.3n, where L is additional length (feet) of tubing and n is the number of additional fittings or bends. b Equivalent Hydraulic Diameter (EHD) —A measure of the relative hydraulic efficiency between different tubing sizes. The greater the value of EHD, the greater the gas capacity of the tubing. 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 113 1308.3 – 1309.3 1308.3 Appliance regulators. When regulators are used with liquefied petroleum appliances, they shall be listed for such use and installed in accordance with their listing. SECTION 1309 APPLIANCE CONNECTIONS 1309.1 Connecting gas appliances. Gas appliances shall be connected to the building piping by one of the following: 1 Rigid metallic pipe and fittings. 2. Semirigid metallic tubing and metallic fittings. Except where approved by the code official, lengths shall not exceed 6 feet (1829 mm) and shall be located entirely in the same room as the appliance. Semirigid metallic tub- ing shall not enter a motor - operated appliance through an unprotected knockout opening. 3 Listed and labeled gas appliance connectors installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instruc- tions and located entirely in the same room as the appli- ance. 4 Listed and labeled quick- disconnect devices used in con- junction with listed and labeled gas appliance connectors. 5 Listed and labeled gas convenience outlets in conjunc- tion with listed and labeled gas appliance connectors. 6. Listed and labeled gas appliance connectors complying with ANSI Z21.69 and listed for use with food service equipment having casters, or that is otherwise subject to movement for cleaning, and other large movable gas utilization equipment. 1309.1.1 Protection from damage. Connector and tubing shall be installed so as to be protected against physical damage. 1309.1.2 Appliance fuel connectors. Appliance connec- tions shall have a diameter not less than that of the inlet connection to the appliance as provided by the manufacturer. Connectors shall have an overall length not to exceed 3 feet (914 mm), except range and domestic clothes dryer connec- tors, which shall not exceed 6 feet (1829 mm). Connectors shall not be concealed within, or extended through, walls, floors, partitions, ceilings or appliance housings. A shutoff valve not less than the nominal size of the connector shall be accessible at the gas piping outlet immediately ahead of the connector. Connectors shall be of adequate size to pro- vide the total demand of the connected appliance based on Table 1309 1.2(i) or 1309 1.2(2) as applicable. 1309.2 Appliance shutoff valve. Each gas appliance shall have an accessible gas shutoff valve or listed and labeled gas con- venience outlet located not farther than 6 feet (1829 mm) from the appliance, installed upstream from the union, connector or quick - disconnect device it serves, and in the same room as the appliance. TABLE 1309.1.2(1) CAPACITIES OF LISTED METAL APPLIANCE CONNECTORS° FOR USE WITH GAS PRESSURE 84NCH OR MORE WATER COLUMN For SI: 1 inch = 25 4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 British thermal unit per cubic foot = 10.35 W /m3, 1 British thermal unit per hour = 0.2931 W, 1 inch water column = 0.2488 kPa. Gas connectors are certified by the testing agency as complete assemblies, including fittings and valves. Capacities shown are based on the use offittings and valves supplied with the connector. b For liquefied petroleum gas, use 1.6 times the natural gas capacities shown. TABLE 1309.1.2(2) CAPACITIES OF LISTED METAL APPLIANCE CONNECTORSa FOR USE WITH GAS PRESSURES LESS THAN 8 -INCH WATER COLUMN MAXIMUM CAPACITIES IN THOUSANDS STU/H (Based on pressure drop of SEMIRIGID FLEXIBLE CONNECTOR 0.44nch water column) Natural gas° of 1,100 Btu per cubic feet SEMIRIGID Ranges and CONNECTOR NOMINAL OUTSIDE INSIDE NOMINAL domestic DIAMETER DIAMETER domestic clothes dryers (inch) (inch) All gas appliances only (Inch) 1 1% 2 1 211 3 4 5 6 4 foot feet feet feet feet feet feet feet 3/8 %4 40 33 29 127 25 101 90 80 I/Z 3/8 93 76 66 62 58 5/8 t/2 189 155 134 125 116 — 3/4 404 330 287 266 244 — 1 803 661 573 534 500 For SI: 1 inch = 25 4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 British thermal unit per cubic foot = 10.35 W /m3, 1 British thermal unit per hour = 0.2931 W, 1 inch water column = 0.2488 kPa. Gas connectors are certified by the testing agency as complete assemblies, including fittings and valves. Capacities shown are based on the use offittings and valves supplied with the connector. b For liquefied petroleum gas, use 1.6 times the natural gas capacities shown. TABLE 1309.1.2(2) CAPACITIES OF LISTED METAL APPLIANCE CONNECTORSa FOR USE WITH GAS PRESSURES LESS THAN 8 -INCH WATER COLUMN For SI: 1 inch = 25 4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 British thermal unit per cubic foot = 10.35 W /m3, I British thermal unit per hour = 0.2931 W 1 inch water column = 0.2488 kPa. Gas connectors are certified by the testing agency as complete assemblies, including fittings and valves. Capacities shown are based on the use of fittings and valves supplied with the connector. b Semirigid connector listings are based on outside diameter. Flexible connector listings are based on nominal diameter. For liquefied petroleum gas, use 1.6 times the natural gas capacities shown. 1309.3 Movable appliances. Where gas appliances are equipped with casters or are otherwise subject to periodic movement or relocation for purposes such as routine cleaning 114 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE MAXIMUM CAPACITIES IN THOUSANDS BTU/H (Based on pressure drop of FLEXIBLE 0.44nch water column) SEMIRIGID CONNECTOR Natural gas° of 1,100 Btu per cubic foot Ranges and CONNECTOR NOMINAL OUTSIDE INSIDE domestic DIAMETERb DIAMETER` clothes dryers (Inch) (Inch) All gas appliances only 1 1I't 2 211/2 3 4 5 6 foot feet feet feet feet feet feet feet 3/8 1/4 28 23 20 19 17 72 63 57 1/2 3/8 66 54 47 44 41 5/8 1/2 134 110 95 88 82 — 3/4 1285,233 202 188 174 — 1 15671467 405 378 353 For SI: 1 inch = 25 4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 British thermal unit per cubic foot = 10.35 W /m3, I British thermal unit per hour = 0.2931 W 1 inch water column = 0.2488 kPa. Gas connectors are certified by the testing agency as complete assemblies, including fittings and valves. Capacities shown are based on the use of fittings and valves supplied with the connector. b Semirigid connector listings are based on outside diameter. Flexible connector listings are based on nominal diameter. For liquefied petroleum gas, use 1.6 times the natural gas capacities shown. 1309.3 Movable appliances. Where gas appliances are equipped with casters or are otherwise subject to periodic movement or relocation for purposes such as routine cleaning 114 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 1310 - 1311.2 and maintenance, such appliances shall be connected to the gas supply system piping by means of an approved flexible con- nector designed and labeled for the application. Such flexible connectors shall be installed and protected against physical damage in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions. SECTION 1310 CNG GAS - DISPENSING SYSTEMS 1310.1 Dispenser protection. The gas dispenser shall have an emergency switch to shut off the power to the dispenser. An approved backflow device that prevents the reverse flow of gas shall be installed on the gas supply pipe or in the gas dispenser. 1310.2 Ventilation. Gas- dispensing systems installed inside the structure shall be ventilated by mechanical means in accord- ance with Chapter 4 1310.3 Compressed natural gas vehicular fuel systems. Compressed natural gas (CNG) fuel- dispensing systems for CNG - fueled vehicles shall be designed and installed in accord- ance with NFPA 52 and the fire prevention code. SECTION 1311 SUPPLEMENTAL AND STANDBY GAS SUPPLY 1311.1 Special supplementary gas. Where air, oxygen or other special supplementary gas is introduced into the gas piping system, an approved backflow preventer shall be installed. The backflow preventer shall be on the gas line to the equipment supplied by the special gas and located between the source of the special gas and the gas meter. 1311.2 Standby gas. Where LP -gas or other standby gas is interconnected with primary gas piping systems, an approved three -way, two -port valve or approved backcheck safeguard shall be installed to prevent backflow into either supply system. 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 115 116 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE CHAPTER 14 FUEL OIL PIPING AND STORAGE SECTION 1401 GENERAL 1401.1 Scope. This chapter shall govern the design, installa- tion, construction and repair of fuel oil storage and piping systems. The storage of quantities of fuel oil exceeding the quantity limitation of this chapter and flammable and combus- tible liquids shall be in accordance with the fire prevention code. 1401.2 Storage systems. Fuel oil storage and piping systems shall be installed in accordance with the requirements of this code, the fire prevention code and NFPA 31 1401.2.1 Maximum outside fuel oil storage above ground. Where connected to a fuel -oil piping system, the maximum amount of fuel oil storage allowed outside above ground without additional protection shall be 660 gallons (2498 L). The storage of fuel oil above ground in quantities exceeding 660 gallons (2498 L) shall be in compliance with the fire prevention code. 1401.2.2 Maximum inside fuel oil storage. Where con- nected to a fuel -oil piping system, the maximum amount of fuel oil storage allowed inside any building shall be 660 gallons (2498 L). Where the amount of fuel oil stored inside a building exceeds 660 gallons (2498 L), the storage area shall be in compliance with the building code. 1401.2.3 Underground storage of fuel oil. The storage of fuel oil in underground storage tanks shall be in accordance with Section 1401.2. 1401.3 Fuel type. An appliance shall be designed for use with the type of fuel to which it will be connected. Such appliance shall not be converted from the fuel specified on the rating plate for use with a different fuel without securing reapproval from the code official. 1401.4 Fuel tanks, piping and valves. The tank, piping and valves for appliances burning oil shall be installed in accord- ance with the requirements of this chapter. When an oil burner is served by a tank, any part of which is above the level of the burner inlet connection and where the fuel supply line is taken from the top of the tank, an approved antisiphon valve or other siphon - breaking device shall be installed in lieu of the shutoff valve. SECTION 1402 MATERIAL 1402.1 General. Storage tanks and piping materials shall con- form to the standards cited in this section. 1402.2 Rated for system. All materials shall be rated for the operating temperatures and pressures of the system, and shall be compatible with the type of liquid. 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 1402.3 Storage tanks. All shop - fabricated fuel oil storage tanks shall be listed and labeled. Fuel oil tanks shall comply with one of the appropriate standards listed in Table 1402.3 1402.4 Pipe standards. Fuel oil pipe shall comply with one of the standards listed in Table 1402.4 1402.5 Nonmetallic pipe. All nonmetallic pipe shall be listed and labeled as being acceptable for the intended application for flammable and combustible liquids. Nonmetallic pipe shall only be installed outside, underground. TABLE 1402.3 FUEL OIL STORAGE TANKS MATERIAL STANDARD (see Chapter 16) Glass -fiber reinforced plastic UL 1316 Glass -fiber reinforced polyester ASTM D 4021 Steel API 12B, API 121); API 12F, Copper or copper -alloy tubing (Type K, L or M) API 650; UL 58, Labeled pipe UL 80; UL 142; UL 443, Nonmetallic pie STI Standard for Dual Steel pipe Wall Underground Steel Steel tubing Storage Tanks TABLE 1402.4 FUEL OIL PIPING MATERIAL STANDARD (see Chapter 16) Brass pipe ASTM B 43 Brass tubing ASTM B 135 Copper or copper-alloy i ASTM B 42; ASTM B 302 Copper or copper -alloy tubing (Type K, L or M) ASTM B 75, ASTM B 88, ASTM B 280 Labeled pipe (see Section 1402.5) Nonmetallic pie ASTM D 2996 Steel pipe ASTM A 53, ASTM A 106 Steel tubing ASTM A 254, ASTM A 539 1402.6 Fittings and valves. Fittings and valves shall be ap- proved for the piping systems, and shall be compatible with, or shall be of the same material as, the pipe or tubing. 1402.7 Bending of pipe. Pipe shall be approved for bending. Pipe bends shall be made with approved equipment. The bend shall not exceed the structural limitations of the pipe. 1402.8 Pumps. Pumps that are not part of an appliance shall be of a positive- displacement type. The pump shall automatically shut off the supply when not in operation. Pumps shall be listed and labeled. 1402.9 Flexible connectors and hoses. Flexible connectors and hoses shall be listed and labeled. 117 1403 - 1406.7 SECTION 1403 JOINTS AND CONNECTIONS 1403.1 Approval. Joints and connections shall be approved and of a type approved for fuel -oil piping systems. All threaded joints and connections shall be made tight with suitable lubri- cant or pipe compound. Unions requiring gaskets or packings, right or left couplings, and sweat fittings employing solder having a melting point of less than 1,000 °F (538 °C.) shall not be used in oil lines. Cast -iron fittings shall not be used. Joints and connections shall be tight for the pressure required by test. 1403.1.1 Joints between different piping materials. Joints between different piping materials shall be made with ap- proved adapter fittings. - Joints between different metallic piping materials shall be made with approved dielectric fittings or brass converter fittings. 1403.2 Preparation of pipe ends. All pipe shall be cut square, reamed and chamfered and be free of all burrs and obstructions. Pipe ends shall have full -bore openings and shall not be under- cut. 1403.3 Joint preparation and installation. Where required by Sections 1403 4 through 1403 10, the preparation and installa- tion of brazed, mechanical, threaded and welded joints shall comply with Sections 1403.3 1 through 1403.3 4 1403.3.1 Brazed joints. All joint surfaces shall be cleaned. An approved flux shall be applied where required. The joints shall be brazed with a filler metal conforming to AWS A5.8. 1403.3.2 Mechanical joints. Mechanical joints shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. 1403.3.3 Threaded joints. Threads shall conform to ASME B1.20.1 Pipe joint compound or tape shall be applied on the male threads only 1403.3.4 Welded joints. All joint surfaces shall be cleaned by approved procedure. The joint shall be welded with an approved filler metal. 1403.4 Brass pipe. Joints between brass pipe or fittings shall be brazed, mechanical, threaded or welded joints complying with Section 1403.3 1403.5 Brass tubing. Joints between brass tubing or fittings shall be brazed or mechanical joints complying with Section 1403.3 1403.6 Copper or copper -alloy pipe. Joints between copper or copper -alloy pipe or fittings shall be brazed, mechanical, threaded or welded joints complying with Section 1403.3 1403.7 Copper or copper -alloy tubing. Joints between copper or copper -alloy tubing or fittings shall be brazed or mechanical joints complying with Section 1403.3 or flared joints. Flared joints shall be made by a tool designed for that operation. 1403.8 Nonmetallic pipe. Joints between nonmetallic pipe or fittings shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions for the labeled pipe and fittings. 1403.9 Steel pipe. Joints between steel pipe or fittings shall be threaded or welded joints complying with Section 1403.3 or mechanical joints complying with Section 1403.9 1 1403.9.1 Mechanical joints. Joints shall be made with an approved elastomeric seal. Mechanical joints shall be in- stalled in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. Mechanical joints shall be installed outside, underground, unless otherwise approved. 1403.10 Steel tubing. Joints between steel tubing or fittings shall be mechanical or welded joints complying with Section 1403.3 1403.11 Piping protection. Proper allowance shall be made for expansion, contraction, jarring and vibration. Piping other than tubing, connected to underground tanks, except straight fill lines and test wells, shall be provided with flexible connectors, or otherwise arranged to permit the tanks to settle without impairing the tightness of the piping connections. SECTION 1404 PIPING SUPPORT 1404.1 General. Pipe supports shall be in accordance with Section 305 SECTION 1406 FUEL OIL SYSTEM INSTALLATION 1405.1 Size. The fuel oil system shall be sized for the maximum capacity of fuel oil required. The minimum size of a supply line shall be 3/8 -inch (9.5 mm) inside diameter nominal pipe or 3/8 -inch (9.5 mm) OD tubing. The minimum size of a return line shall be 1/4 -inch (6.4 mm) inside diameter nominal pipe or 5/16 -inch (7.9 mm) outside diameter tubing. Copper tubing shall have 0.035 -inch (0.9 mm) nominal and 0.032 -inch (0.8 mm) minimum wall thickness. 1405.2 Protection of pipe and equipment. All fuel oil pipe and equipment shall be protected from physical damage. 1405.2.1 Flood hazard. All fuel oil pipe located in a flood - hazard zone or a high - hazard zone shall be capable of resisting hydrostatic and hydrodynamic loads and stresses, including the effects of buoyancy, during the occurrence of flooding to the base flood elevation. 1405.3 Supply piping. Supply piping shall connect to the top of the fuel oil tank. Fuel oil shall be supplied by a transfer pump or automatic pump or by other approved means. Exception. This section shall not apply to inside or above- ground fuel oil tanks. 1405.4 Return piping. Return piping shall connect to the top of the fuel oil tank. Valves shall not be installed on return piping. 1405.5 System pressure. The system shall be designed for the maximum pressure required by the fuel -oil- burning equipment. Air or other gases shall not be used to pressurize tanks. 1405.6 Fill piping. A fill pipe shall terminate outside of a building at a point at least 2 feet (6 10 mm) from any building opening at the same or lower level. A fill pipe shall terminate in a manner designed to minimize spilling when the filling hose is disconnected. Fill opening shall be equipped with a tight metal cover designed to discourage tampering. 1405.7 Vent piping. Liquid fuel vent pipes shall terminate outside of buildings at a point not less than 2 feet (610 mm) measured vertically or horizontally from any building opening. 118 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 1406 - 1407.5 Outer ends of vent pipes shall terminate in a weather -proof vent cap or fitting or be provided with a weather -proof hood. All vent caps shall have a minimum free open area equal to the cross - sectional area of the vent pipe and shall not employ screens finer than No. 4 mesh. Vent pipes shall terminate sufficiently above the ground to avoid being obstructed with snow or ice. Vent pipes from tanks containing heaters shall be extended to a location where oil vapors discharging from the vent will be readily diffused. If the static head with a vent pipe filled with oil exceeds 10 psi (69 kPa), the tank shall be designed for the maximum static head which will be imposed. Liquid fuel vent pipes shall not be cross connected with fill pipes, lines from burners or overflow lines from auxiliary tanks. SECTION 1406 OIL GAUGING 1406.1 Level indication. All tanks in which a constant oil level is not maintained by an automatic pump shall be equipped with a method of determining the oil level. 1406.2 Test wells. Test wells shall not be installed inside buildings. For outside service, test wells shall be equipped with a tight metal cover designed to discourage tampering. 1406.3 Inside tanks. The gauging of inside tanks by means of measuring sticks shall not be permitted. An inside tank pro- vided with fill and vent pipes shall be provided with a device to indicate either visually or audibly at the fill point when the oil in the tank has reached a predetermined safe level. 1406.4 Gauging devices. Gauging devices such as liquid level indicators or signals shall be designed and installed so that oil vapor will not be discharged into a building from the liquid fuel supply system. 1406.5 Gauge glass. A tank used in connection with any oil burner shall not be equipped with a glass gauge or any gauge which, when broken, will permit the escape of oil from the tank. SECTION 1407 FUEL OIL VALVES 1407.1 Building shutoff. A shutoff valve shall be installed on the fuel -oil supply line at the entrance to the building. Inside or above - ground tanks are permitted to have valves installed at the tank. The valve shall be capable of stopping the flow of fuel oil to the building or to the equipment served where the valve is installed at a tank inside the building. 1407.2 Appliance shutoff. A shutoff valve shall be installed at the connection to each appliance where more than one fuel -oil- burning appliance is installed. 1407.3 Pump relief valve. A relief valve shall be installed on the pump discharge line where a valve is located downstream of the pump and the pump is capable of exceeding the pressure limitations of the fuel oil system. 1407.4 Fuel -oil heater relief valve. A relief valve shall be installed on the discharge line of fuel -oil- heating equipment. 1407.5 Relief valve operation. The relief valve shall discharge fuel oil when the pressure exceeds the limitations of the system. The discharge line shall connect to the fuel oil tank. 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 119 120 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE CHAPTER 15 SOLAR SYSTEMS SECTION 1501 GENERAL 1501.1 Scope. This chapter shall govern the construction, in- stallation, alteration and repair of systems and equipment in- tended to utilize solar energy for space heating or cooling, domestic hot water heating, swimming pool heating or process heating. 1501.2 Potable water supply. Potable water systems shall be protected against contamination in accordance with the plumb- ing code. 1501.3 Heat exchangers. Heat exchangers used in domestic water - heating systems shall be approved for the intended use. The system shall have adequate protection to ensure that the potability of the water supply and distribution system is prop- erly safeguarded. 1501.4 Solar energy equipment. Solar energy equipment shall conform to the requirements of this chapter and shall be in- stalled in accordance with the manufacturer's installation in- structions. 1501.5 Ducts. Ducts utilized in solar heating and cooling systems shall be constructed and installed in accordance with Chapter 6 of this code. SECTION 1502 INSTALLATION 1502.1 Access. Access shall be provided to solar energy equip- ment for maintenance. 1502.2 Controlling condensation. Where attics or structural spaces are part of a passive solar system, ventilation of such spaces, as required by Section 404, is not required where other approved means of controlling condensation are provided. 1502.3 Roof - mounted collectors. Roof - mounted solar collec- tors that also serve as a roof covering shall conform to the requirements for roof coverings in accordance with the building code. Exception. The use of plastic solar collector covers shall be limited to those approved plastics meeting the requirements for plastic roof panel in the building code. 1502.3.1 Collectors mounted above the roof. When mounted on or above the roof covering, the collector array and supporting construction shall be constructed of noncom- bustible materials or fire- retardant - treated wood conform- ing to the building code to the extent required for the type of roof construction of the building to which the collectors are accessory Exception. The use of plastic solar collector covers shall be limited to those approved plastics meeting the require- ments for plastic roof panel in the building code. 1502.4 Equipment. The solar energy system shall be equipped in accordance with the requirements of Sections 1502.4 1 through 1502.4 4 1502.4.1 Pressure and temperature. Solar energy system components containing pressurized fluids shall be protected against pressures and temperatures exceeding design limita- tions with a pressure and temperature relief valve. Each section of the system in which excessive pressures are capable of developing shall have a relief device located so that a section cannot be valved off or otherwise isolated from a relief device. Relief valves shall comply with the require- ments of Section 1006.4 and discharge in accordance with Section 1006.6. 1502.4.2 Vacuum. The solar energy system components that are subjected to a vacuum while in operation or during shutdown shall be designed to withstand such vacuum or shall be protected with vacuum relief valves. 1502.4.3 Protection from freezing. System components shall be protected from damage by freezing of heat transfer liquids at the lowest ambient temperatures that will be encountered during the operation of the system. 1502.4.4 Expansion tanks. Liquid single -phase solar en- ergy systems shall be equipped with expansion tanks sized in accordance with Section 1009 1502.5 Roof penetrations. Roof penetrations shall be flashed to prevent entry of water. 1502.6 Filtering. Air transported to occupied spaces through rock or dust - producing materials by means other than natural convection shall be filtered at the outlet from the heat storage system. SECTION 1503 HEAT TRANSFER FLUIDS 1503.1 Flash point. The flash point of heat transfer liquids utilized in solar system equipment shall not be less than the highest temperature determined from the following: 1 Fifty °F (10 °C.) above the design maximum operating (flow) temperature of the fluid in the solar system. 2. Two hundred °F (93 °C.) below the design maximum nonoperating (no -flow) temperature of the fluid attained in the collector, provided that the collector manifold assembly is located outside ofthe building and is exposed to the weather, and provided that relief valves located adjacent to the collector or collector manifold do not discharge directly into the building. 3 The design maximum no -flow temperature in other col- lector manifold and relief valve configurations. 1503.2 Flammable gases and liquids. A flammable liquid or gas shall not be utilized as a heat transfer fluid. The flash point 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 121 1604 - 1604.2 of liquids used in occupancies classified in Use Group H or F shall not be lower unless approved. SECTION 1504 MATERIALS 1504.1 Collectors. Factory-built collectors shall be listed and labeled, and bear a label showing the manufacturer's name and address, model number, collector dry weight, maximum allow- able operating and nonoperating temperatures and pressures, minimum allowable temperatures and the types of heat transfer fluid allowed. 1504.2 Thermal storage units. Pressurized thermal storage units shall be listed and labeled, and bear a label showing manufacturer's name and address, model number, serial num- ber, maximum and minimum allowable operating tempera- tures, maximum and minimum allowable operating pressures and the types of heat transfer fluid allowed. 122 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE CHAPTER 16 REFERENCED STANDARDS This chapter lists the standards that are referenced in various sections of this document. The standards are listed herein by the promulgating agency of the standard, the standard identification, the effective date and title, and the section or sections of this document that reference the standard. The application of the referenced standards shall be as specified in Section 102.8. 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 123 American National Standards Institute ANSI 11 West 42nd Street New York, NY 10036 Standard Referenced reference in code number Title section number A21.52 -91 Ductile -Iron Pipe, Centrifugally Cast, for Gas Table 1303.2 LC -1-91 Interior Fuel Gas Piping Systems Using Corrugated Stainless Steel Tubing -with 1993 & 1994 Addenda Table 305 4, Table 1303.2, 1303.3 Z21.1 -93 Household Cooking Gas Appliances 922.1 Z21.5 1 -92 Gas Clothes Dryers - Volume I -Type 1 Clothes Dryers 9171 Z21.5.2 -87 Gas Clothes Dryers - Volume II -Type 2 Clothes Dryers -with 1990 & 1992 Addenda 9171 Z21.8 -94 Installation of Domestic Gas Conversion Burners. 9241 Z21 11 1 -91 Gas -Fired Room Heaters - Volume I- Vented Room Heaters -with 1993 Addendum 9271 Z21 13-91 Gas Fired Low Pressure Steam and Hot Water Heating Boilers -with 1993 & 1994 Addenda. 1004.1 Z21 15-92 Manually Operated Gas Valves for Appliances, Appliance Connector Valves and Hose End Valves. 1305.3 Z21.21 -93 Automatic Valves for Gas Appliances 1305.3 Z21 47 -93 Gas -Fired Central Furnaces (except Direct -Vent Central Furnaces) 923.1 Z21.48 -92 Gas -Fired Gravity and Fan -Type Floor Furnaces -with 1993 Addendum 913.1 Z21 49=92 Gas -Fired Gravity and Fan -Type Vented Wall Furnaces -with 1993 Addendum. 912.1 Z21.50 -89 Vented Decorative Gas Appliances -with 1989 & 1990 Addenda 9091 Z21.56 -91 Gas -Fired Pool Heaters -with 1993 & 1994 Addendum 921 1 Z21.58 -93 Outdoor Cooking Gas Appliances 922.1 Z21.66 -94 Automatic Vent Damper Devices for Use with Gas -Fired Appliances 804.6 221.69 -92 Connectors for Movable Gas appliances -with 1993 Addenda 13091 Z83.8-89 Gas Unit Heaters -with 1990 & 1992 Addenda 925 1 Z83.9 -90 Gas-Fired Duct Furnaces -with 1992 Addendum. 9141 Z83 11 -94 Gas Food Service Equipment - Ranges and Unit Broilers 922.1 Z83 12 -94 Gas Food Service Equipment - Baking and Roasting Ovens 922.11 Z83 13-94 Gas Food Service Equipment -Deep Fat Fryers. 922.1 Z83.14 -94 Gas Food Service Equipment - Counter Appliances 922.1 Z83.15 -94 Gas Food Service Equipment - Kettles, Steam Cookers, and Steam Generators 922.1 Z83 18-90 Direct Gas-Fired Industrial Air Heaters -with 1991 & 1992 Addenda 915.8 American Petroleum Institute API 1220 L Street, NW Washington, DC 20005 Standard Referenced reference in code number Title section number 12B-90 Specification for Bolted Tanks for Storage of Production Liquids Table 1402.3 1213-94 Specification for Field Welded Tanks for Storage of Production Liquids Table 1402.3 12F -94 Specification for Shop Welded Tanks for Storage of Production Liquids Table 1402.3 650-93 Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage Table 1402.3 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 123 REFERENCED STANDARDS B 1.20.1 -83 Air - Conditioning and Refrigeration Institute B 16.1 -89 Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings, Class 25, 125, 250, and 800 Suite 425 B 16.3 -92 ARI 4301 North Fairfax Drive B163-48 Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings -with 1992 Addendum Arlington, VA 22203 B 16.9 -93 Standard Table 1202.5 Referenced reference Table 1202.5 to code number Title section number 700-93 Specifications for Fluorocarbon and Other Refrigerants 1102.2.3 Wrought Copper and Copper Alloy Solder Joint Pressure Fittings American Society of Heating, Refrigerating B 16.23 -92 Cast Copper Alloy Solder Joint Drainage Fittings (DWV) and Air- Conditioning Engineers, Inc. B16.24-92 ASHRAE 1791 Circle, NE B 16.26 -88 Cast Copper Alloy Fittings for Flared Copper Tubes ta 05 Atlanta, , GA 30329 -2323 B 16.28 -94 Standard Table 1202.5 Referenced reference Table 1202.5 in code number Title section number 15=94 Safety Code for Mechanical Refrigeration 1101.6, 1108.1 34-92 Number Designation and Safety Classification of Refrigerants -with Addenda through 1995 202, 1102.2, 1104.1 American Society of Mechanical Engineers ASME East 47th Street New York, , NY 10017 Standard Referenced reference in code number Title section number B 1.20.1 -83 Pipe Threads, General Purpose (Inch) 1203.3.5, 1303.114, 1303.23, 1403.3.3 B 16.1 -89 Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings, Class 25, 125, 250, and 800 13077.1 B 16.3 -92 Malleable Iron Threaded Fittings. Table 1202.5 B163-48 Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings -with 1992 Addendum Table 1202.5, 1307 7 1 B 16.9 -93 Factory Made Wrought Steel Buttwelding Fittings Table 1202.5 B 16.11 -91 Forged Steel Fittings, Socket - Welding and Threaded Table 1202.5 B 16.15 -85 Cast Bronze Threaded Fittings, Classes 125 and 250 Table 1202.5 B 16.18 -84 Cast Copper Alloy Solder Joint Pressure Fittings Table 1202.5 B 16.22 -89 Wrought Copper and Copper Alloy Solder Joint Pressure Fittings Table 1202.5 B 16.23 -92 Cast Copper Alloy Solder Joint Drainage Fittings (DWV) Table 1202.5 B16.24-92 Cast Copper Alloy Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings: Class 150, 300,400, 600, 900, 1500 and 2500 Table 1202.5 B 16.26 -88 Cast Copper Alloy Fittings for Flared Copper Tubes Table 1202.5 B 16.28 -94 Wrought Steel Buttwelding Short Radius Elbows and Returns. Table 1202.5 B 16.29 -94 Wrought Copper and Wrought Copper Alloy Solder Joint Drainage Fittings -DW V Table 1202.5 B16.33 -90 Manually Operated Metallic Gas Valves for Use in Gas Piping Systems up to 125 psig 1305.3 ASME -95 Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code, Sections I, IV, VI & VIII (Divisions 1 & 2) 1004.1, 1011.1 CSD -1 -95 Controls and Safety Devices for Automatically Fired Boilers. 1004.11 A S TM American Society for Testing and Materials 1916 Race Street Philadelphia, PA 19103 -1187 Standard Referenced reference in code number Title section number A 53-95a Specification for Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot - Dipped, Zinc - Coated Welded and Seamless Table 1202.4, Table 1303.2, Table 1402.4 A 106-95 Specification for Seamless Carbon Steel Pipe for High- Temperature Service Table 1202.4, Table 1303.2, Table 1402.4 A 126-93 Specification for Gray Iron Castings for Valves, Flanges, and Pipe Fittings. Table 1202.5 A 254-94 Specification for Copper Brazed Steel Tubing Table 1202.4, Table 1303.2, Table 1402.4 A 420 -95a Specification for Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for Low- Temperature Service. Table 1202.5 A 539 -90a Specification for Electric- Resistance - Welded Coiled Steel Tubing for Gas and Fuel Oil Lines. Table 1303.2, Table 1402.4 B 32 -95b Specification for Solder Metal 1203.3.3 B 42 -93 Specification for Seamless Copper Pipe, Standard Sizes 1107 4.2, Table 1202.4, Table 1303.2, Table 1402.4 124 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 126 ASTM,-continued B 43--94 Specification for Seamless Red Brass Pipe, Standard Sizes 1107 4.2, Table 1202.4, Table 1303.2, Table 1402.4 B 75--95 Specification for Seamless Copper Tube Table 1202.4, Table 1402.4 B 88-95a Specification for Seamless Copper Water Tube 1107 4.3, Table 1202.4, Table 1303.2, Table 1402.4 B 135-95 Specification for Seamless Brass Tube Table 1202.4, Table 1402.4 B 210-95 Specification for Aluminum -Alloy Drawn Seamless Tubes Table 1303.2 B 241 -95a Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum -Alloy Seamless Pipe and Seamless Extruded Tube Table 1303.2 B 251 -93 Specification for General Requirements for Wrought Seamless Copper and Copper -Alloy Tube Table 1202.4 B 280-95 Specification for Seamless Copper Tube for Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Field Service 1107 4.3, Table 1303.2, Table 1402.4 B 302 -92 Specification for Threadless Copper Pipe Table 1202.4, Table 1303.2, Table 1402.4 B 813-93 Standard Specification for Liquid and Paste Fluxes for Soldering Applications of Copper and Copper Alloy Tube 1203.3.3 C 315-95 Specification for Clay Flue Linings 801 17 1, Table 804.10.4 C 411 -82 Test Method for Hot - Surface Performance of High - Temperature Thermal Insulation 604.3 D 56-93 Test Method for Flash Point by Tag Closed Tester 202 D 93--94 Test Method for Flash Point of Pensky- Martens Closed Tester (Flash Point) 202 D 1527 -95 Specification for Acrylonitrile- Butadiene- Styrene (ABS) Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40 and 80 Table 1202.4 D 1785 -95 Specification for Poly (Vinyl Chloride)(PVC) Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40, 80 and 120 Table 1202.4 D 2235--95 Specification for Solvent Cement for Acrylonitrile- Butadiene- Styrene (ABS) Plastic Pipe and Fittings 1203.3.4 D 2241 -95 Specification for Poly (Vinyl Chloride)(PVC) Pressure -Rated Pipe (SDR- Series) Table 1202.4 D 2282 -95 Specification for Acrylonitrile- Butadiene- Styrene (ABS) Plastic Pipe (SDR -PR) Table 1202.4 D 2420-91 Test for Hydrogen Sulfide in Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases (Lead Acetate Method) 1303.5 D 2466 -95 Specification for Poly (Vinyl Chloride)(PVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 40 Table 1202.5 D 2467 -95 Specification for Socket -Type Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 80 Table 1202.5 D 2468 -95 Specification for Acrylonitrile- Butadiene- Styrene (ABS) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 40 Table 1202.5 D 2513 -95c Specification for Thermoplastic Gas Pressure Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings Table 1303.2, 1303.17.3 D 2564 -95 Specification for Solvent Cements for Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe and Fittings 1203.34 D 2846 -95a Specification for Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Hot and Cold Water Distribution Systems. Table 1202.4, 1203.3.4 D 2996 -95 Specification for Filament -Wound (Reinforced Thermosetting Resin Pipe). Table 1402.4 D 3278 -95 Test Methods for Flash Point of Liquids by Setaflash- Closed -Cup Apparatus 202 D 3309-95a Specification for Polybutylene (PB) Plastic Hot Water Distribution Systems Table 1202.4, 1203.10.1 D 4021 -92 Specification for Glass- Fiber - Reinforced Polyester Underground Petroleum Storage Tanks. Table 1402.4 E 84-95a Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials 202, 510.8, 602.2.1, 604.3, 1204.1 E 136-95 Test Method for Behavior of Materials in a Vertical Tube Furnace at 750 °C 202 E 814 -94b Test Method for Fire Tests of Through- Penetration Fire Stops 506.12 F 438-95 Specification for Socket Type Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 40 Table 1202.5 F 439-95 Specification for Socket Type Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 80 Table 1202.5 F 441 -95 Specification for Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40 and 80 Table 1202.4 F 442 -95 Specification for Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe (SDR -PR) Table 1202.4 F 493-95 Specification for Solvent Cements for Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe and Fittings 1203.34 F 876-95 Specification for Crosslinked Polyethylene (PEX) Tubing Table 1202.4 F 877 =93 Specification for Crosslinked Polyethylene (PEX) Plastic Hot and Cold -Water Distribution Systems. Table 1202.4, Table 1202.5 American Welding Society 550 NW LeJeune Road AW S Box 351040 (J Miami, Miami, FL 33135 Standard Referenced reference in code number Title section number A5.8 -92 Specifications for Filler Metals for Brazing 1203.3 1, 1303 11 1, 1403.3.1 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 126 REFERENCED STANDARDS ���(� This model mechanical code is intended to be utilized in conjunction with the other model codes that are adopted -by the A7 jurisdiction. See Footnote a. Standard Referenced reference in code number Title section number Building Code' 201.3, 202, 301 12, 301 14, 302.1, 304.5, 304.8, 308.8, 308.9, 4014, 401.8, 402.4, 404.1, 504.2, 506.6, 506.12, 510.6.1, 510.6.2, 510.7 511 1.5, 602.3, 603.1, 603 11, 603.14, 604 4, 606.2.1, 607 1, 607.2, 607.3, 607 7, 703.2.1, 703.2.2, 801.3, 801 17 1, 902.1, 911.3, 9114, 913.3,1004.6, 1105.3, 1106.5, 1206.4, 1401.2.2, 1502.3, 1502.3.1 Fire Prevention Code 201.3, 502.4, 502.8, 509.6, 510.4, 1301.2, 1310.3, 1401 1, 1401.2, 1401.2.1 NEC -95 CABO Model Energy Code 301.2, 604 1, 1204.1, 1204.2 IPCJ95 ICC International Plumbing Code 201.3, 301.8, 307.2.1, 512.2, 919.5, 1002.1, 1005.2, 1006.6, 1008.2, 1009.3, 11014, 1201 1, 1206.2,,1206.3, 1501.2 ' One of the following should be incorporated upon adoption of this code. 1 BNBC -96 BOCA National Building Code BNFPC -96 BOCA National Fire Prevention Code 2. ICBO -94 Uniform Building Code ICBO -94 Uniform Fire Code 3. SBCCI -94 Standard Building Code SBCCI -94 Standard Fire Prevention Code Canadian Standards Association C/� 178 Rexdale Blvd. 1"1 Rexdale (Toronto), Ontario, Canada M9W 1R3 Standard Referenced reference in code number Title section number CAN /CSA -B137 10-91 Crosslinked Polyethylene /Aluminum/Polyethylene Composite Pressure Pipe Systems. Table 1202.4 WW- P- 325B -76 Federal Specifications* General Services Administration (for Industrial Pressure, and Soil and Waste Applications) 7th ci D Streets F Specification Section, Room 6039 Washington, DC 20407 Standard Referenced reference in code number Title section number WW- P- 325B -76 Federal Specifications for Pipe, Bends, Traps, Caps and Plugs; Lead (for Industrial Pressure, and Soil and Waste Applications) Table 1202.4 * Standards are available from the Supt. of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402 -9325. International Institute of Ammonia Refrigeration Suite 700 IIAR 1101 Connecticut Ave., NW Washington, DC 20036 Standard Referenced reference in code number Title section number 2 -92 Equipment, Design, and Installation of Ammonia Mechanical Refrigeration Systems 1101.6 Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve & Fittings Industry, Inc. M 127 Park Street, N.E. Vienna, VA 22180 Standard Referenced reference in code number Title ' section number SP -69-91 Pipe Hangers and Supports 3054 126 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE Sheet Metal tt Air Conditioning Contractors National Assoc., Inc. North American Insulation Manufacturers Association 4021 Lafayette Center Road SMACNA Chantilly, VA 22021 Suite 310 Referenced NAIMA 44 Canal Center Plaza number Title section number Al Alexandria, VA 22314 603.3 Standard 603.4 Referenced reference STI 570 Oakwood Road in code number Title section number AF 116-93 Fibrous Glass Duct Construction Standards 6034 number Title National Fire Protection Association F841 -91 Standard for Dual Wall Underground Steel Storage Tanks NFPA Batterymarch Park Quincy, MA 02269 Standard Referenced reference in code number Title section number 12 -93 Carbon Dioxide Extinguishing Systems 509.2 13-94 Installation of Sprinkler Systems 509.2 16-95 Installation of Deluge Foam -Water Sprinkler Systems and Foam -Water Spray Systems 509.2 17 -94 Dry Chemical Extinguishing Systems 509.2 17A -94 Wet Chemical Extinguishing Systems 509.2 31 -92 Installation of Oil- Burning Equipment 925.2, 926.6, 1401.2 33-95 Spray Application Using Flammable and Combustible Materials 502.4 34-95 Dipping and Coating Processes Using Flammable or Combustible Liquids 502.4 37 -94 Stationary Combustion Engines and Gas Turbines 920.1, 920.2 52 -95 Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) Vehicular Fuel Systems. 1310.3 54-92 National Fuel Gas Code 1304.18 58-95 Storage and Handling of Liquefied Petroleum Gases 402.5, 502.7, 1301.2, 1303.4 69-92 Explosion Prevention Systems. 510.8.3 70-96 National Electrical Code 3017, 602.2.1, 9117, 1106.8, 1106.9 72 -93 National Fire Alarm Code 606.3, 607.2 82 -94 Incinerators, Waste and Linen Handling Systems and Equipment 601 1 8813-95 Repair Garages 304.3 91 -95 Exhaust Systems for Air Conveying of Materials 502.12 704-90 Identification of the Fire Hazards of Materials 510.1 8501 -92 Single Burner Boiler Operation 10041 8502 -95 Prevention of Furnace Explosions/Implosions in Multiple Burner Boiler - Fumaces 1004.1 8504 -93 Atmospheric Fluidized -Bed Boiler Operation 1004.1 8505 -95 Stoker Operation 10041 Sheet Metal tt Air Conditioning Contractors National Assoc., Inc. 4021 Lafayette Center Road SMACNA Chantilly, VA 22021 Standard Referenced reference in code number Title section number SMACNA -95 HVAC Duct Construction Standards —Metal and Flexible 603.3 SMACNA -92 Fibrous Glass Duct Construction Standards 603.4 Steel Tank Institute STI 570 Oakwood Road Lake Zurich, IL 60047 Standard Referenced reference in code number Title section number F841 -91 Standard for Dual Wall Underground Steel Storage Tanks Table 1402.3 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 127 REFERENCED STANDARDS 555-95 Underwriters Laboratories Inc. 607 I UL 333 Pfmgsten Road 607.3 555S -93 Northbrook, IL 60062 -2096 607.2 Standard Heat Pumps Referenced reference Low - Temperature Venting Systems, Type L-with Revisions thru August 1995 in code number Title section number 17-94 Vent or Chimney Connector Dampers for Oil -Fired Appliances -with Revisions thru December 1995 804.6 58-86 Steel Underground Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids 9231 729-94 -with Revisions thru July 1994 Table 1402.3 80-87 Steel Inside Tanks for Oil -Bumer Fuel -with Revisions thru April 1993 Table 1402.3 103-94 Chimneys, Factory- Built, Residential Type and Building Heating Appliance 925.1 733-93 -with Revisions thru August 1995 806.2 127-58 Factory-Built Fireplaces -with Revisions thru November 1994 806.2, 903.1 142-93 Steel Aboveground Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids 910.1 795-94 -with Revisions thru April 1995 Table 1402.3 144 -94 Pressure Regulating Valves for LP-Gas 1307.2 181 -94 Factory-made Air Ducts and Air Connectors -with Revisions thru September 1995 512.2, 603 4, 603.5, 603.6 181A -94 Closure Systems for Use with Rigid Air Ducts and Air Connectors -with Revisions thru December 1994 60313 207 -93 Refrigerant- Containing Components and Accessories, Nonelectrical -with Revisions thru March 1995 1101.2 300=92 Fire Testing of Fire Extinguishing Systems for Protection of Restaurant Cooking Areas 806.4 1096 -86 -with Revisions thru January 1994 509.2 303-87 Refrigeration and Air - Conditioning Condensing and Compressor Units -with Revisions thru April 1995 1101 12. 391-95 Solid -Fuel and Combination -Fuel Central and Supplementary Furnaces 923.1 1 412-93 Refrigeration Unit Coolers -with Revisions thru April 1995 1101.2 441 -94 Gas Vents 802.1 443 -90 Steel Auxiliary Tanks for Oil -Bumer Fuel -with Revisions thru November 1994 Table 1402.3 465-82 Central Cooling Air Conditioners -with Revisions thru September 1993 1101.2 471 --95 Commercial Refrigerators and Freezers 1101.2 555-95 Fire Dampers 607 I 555C -92 Ceiling Dampers 607.3 555S -93 Leakage Rated Dampers for Use in Smoke Control Systems 607.2 559-85 Heat Pumps 923.2 641 -94 Low - Temperature Venting Systems, Type L-with Revisions thru August 1995 802.1 710-90 Exhaust Hoods for Commercial Cooking Equipment -with Revisions thru December 1994 507 1 1.1, 507 1 1.2 726-90 Oil -Fired Boiler Assemblies -with Revisions thru October 1994 921 1, 1004.1 727-94 Oil -Fired Central Furnaces -with Revisions thru January 1996. 9231 729-94 Oil -Fired Floor Furnaces 913.1 730-94 Oil -Fired Wall Fumaces -with Revisions thru August 1995 912.1 731 -95 Oil -Fired Unit Heaters 925.1 733-93 Oil -Fired Air Heaters and Direct -Fired Heaters -with Revisions thru January 1996. 915.8 737 -95 Fireplace Stoves -with Revisions thru September 1995. 905 1, 806.2 791-93 Residential Incinerators 910.1 795-94 Commercial - Industrial Gas Heating Equipment -with Revisions thru January 1996 912.1, 913.1, 914.1, 915.8, 923.1, 925 1, 1004 1 834-95 Heating, Water Supply, and Power Boilers- Electric-with Revisions thru November 1995 10041 896-93 Oil - Buming Stoves -with Revisions thru January 1996. 922.1 910-95 Test for Cable Flame- Propagation and Smoke - Density Values -with Revisions thru May 1995 602.2.1 959-94 Medium Heat Appliance Factory Built Chimneys. 806.4 1096 -86 Electric Central Air Heating Equipment -with Revisions thru January 1988 923.1 1240 -94 Electric Commercial Clothes Drying Equipment -with Revisions thru February 1996 9171 1316 -94 Glass- Fiber - Reinforced Plastic Underground Storage Tanks for Petroleum Products Table 1402.3 1482 -94 Room Heaters, Solid -Fuel Type 905 1 1.556 -I0 Electric Coin - Operated Clothes -Drying Equipment -with Revisions thru November 1992 9171 1777 -88 Chimney Liners 801 17 1 1820 -95 Fire Test of Pneumatic Tubing for Flame and Smoke Characteristics. 602.2.1 1887 -95 Fire Tests of Plastic Sprinkler Pipe for Flame and Smoke Characteristics 602.2.1 1995 -95 Heating and Cooling Equipment 914 1, 923.1, 1101.2 148 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE APPENDIX A COMBUSTION AIR OPENINGS AND CHIMNEY CONNECTOR PASS- THROUGHS Figures A -1 through A4 are illustrations of appliances located in confined spaces. FIGURE A -1 ALL AIR FROM INSIDE THE BUILDING NOTE. Each opening shall have a free area of not less than 1 square inch per 1,000 Btu per hour of the input rating of all appliances in the enclosure but not less than 100 square inches. For SI: I square inch = 645 mm2, 1 British thermal unit per hour = 0.2931 W FIGURE A -2 ALL AIR FROM OUTDOORS —INLET AIR FROM VENTILATED CRAWL SPACE AND OUTLET AIR TO VENTILATED ATTIC NOTE. The inlet and outlet air openings shall each have a free area of not less than 1 square inch per 4,000 Btu per hour or the total input rating of all appliances in the enclosure. For SI: 1 square inch = 645 mm 2, 1 British thermal unit per hour = 0.2931 W 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 129 APPENDIX A on OR GAS VENT VENTILATION END OF ATTIC) INLET AIR DUCT I I p (ENDS 1 FOOT ABOVE FLOOR) FIGURE A-3 ALL AIR FROM OUTDOORS THROUGH VENTILATED ATTIC NOTE. The inlet and outlet air openings shall each have a free area of not less than 1 square inch per 4,000 Btu per hour of the total input rating of all appliances in the enclosure. For Sl: 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 square inch = 645 n1n12, 1 British thermal unit per hour = 0.2931 W FIGURE A-4 ALL AIR FROM OUTDOORS THROUGH HORIZONTAL DUCTS OR DIRECT OPENINGS NOTE. Each air duct opening shall have a free area of not less than 1 square inch per 2,000 Btu per hour of the total input rating of all appliances in the enclosure. If the appliance room is located against an outside wall and the air openings communicate directly with the outdoors, each opening shall have a free area of not less than I square inch per 4,000 Btu per hour or the total input rating of all appliances in the enclosure. For SI: 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 square inch = 645 mm2, 1 British thermal unit per hour = 0.2931 W 130 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE FIRE —CLAY LINER 12" MIN. TO COMBUSTIBLES WATER — INSOLUBLE REFRACTORY CEMENT t+ ZW � J V1 CHIMNEY SECTION— FLUSH WITH INSIDE OF FLUE For SI: I inch = 25 4 nun. SYSTEM A 2" MIN CHIMNEY CLEARANCE TO BRICK AND COMBUSTIBLE MATERIALS l MIN CLEARANCE. 1 12" OF BRICK W CHIMNEY CONNECTOR Z = FIRE —CLAY LINER U ` 3 1/2" THICK BRICK MASONRY CHIMNEY SYSTEM B 2" MIN. CHIMNEY CLEARANCE FROM MASONRY TO SHEET METAL SUPPORTS AND COMBUSTIBLE .� MATERIALS. 9" MIN. CLEARANCE CHIMNEY CONNECTOR CHIMNEY SECTION MANUFACTURER'S PARTS SHALL BE UTILIZED TO ATTACH CONNECTOR TO CHIMNEY SECTION. LABELED. SOLID — INSULATED. FACTORY — BUILT CHIMNEY SECTION SHEET STEEL SUPPORTS MASONRY CHIMNEY FIGURE A -6 CHIMNEY CONNECTOR SYSTEMS APPENDIX A FACTORY —BUILT mI CHIMNEY SECTION 9" MIN AIR SPACE 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 131 APPENDIX A FIGURE A- 5-- continued CHIMNEY CONNECTOR SYSTEMS For SI: 1 inch = 25 4 mm. 132 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE SYSTEM C r2" MIN. CHIMNEY CLEARANCE — TO SHEET STEEL. SUPPORTS AND COMBUSTIBLE MATERIALS SHEET METAL THIMBLE GLASS —FIBER INSULATION (24 GAGE MIN.) TWO 1" AIR CHANNELS w CHIMNEY CONNECTOR (24 GAGE MIN.) " MIN. v � TWO VENTILATED AIR SHEET STEEL SUPPORTS CHANNELS EACH OF1 " (24 GAGE MIN.) MASONRY CHIMNEY SYSTEM D -2" MIN. CHIMNEY CLEARANCE TO SHEET STEEL SUPPORTS AND FACTORY -BUILT COMBUSTIBLE MATERIALS. CHIMNEY SECTION 2" MIN. CLEARANCE 1" ANNULAR AIRSPACE HIMNEY CONNECTOR W BETWEEN CHIMNEY CONNECTOR (24 GAGE MIN.) AND CHIMNEY SECTION CHIMNEY CONNECTOR z 2 FACTORY —BUILT 2" AIRSPACE CHIMNEY SECTION —SHEET STEEL SUPPORTS SHEET STEEL SUPPORTS MASONRY CHIMNEY FIGURE A- 5-- continued CHIMNEY CONNECTOR SYSTEMS For SI: 1 inch = 25 4 mm. 132 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE APPENDIX 'B RECOMMENDED PERMIT FEE SCHEDULE B101 MECHANICAL WORK, OTHER THAN GAS PIPING SYSTEMS B101.1 Initial Fee For issuing each permit $_ B101.2 Additional Fees 8101.2.1 Fee for inspecting heating, ventilating, ductwork, air- conditioning and refrigeration systems shall be $ for the fast $1,000.00, or fraction thereof, of valuation of the installation plus $_ for each additional $1,000.00 or fraction thereof. B101.2.2 Fee for inspecting repairs, alterations and additions to an existing system shall be $_ plus $_ for each $1,000.00 or fraction thereof. B101.2.3 Fee for inspecting boilers (based upon Btu input): 33,000 Btu (1 BHp) to 165,000 (5 BHp) $ _ 165,001 Btu (5 BHp) to 330,000 (10 BHp) $ _ 330,001 Btu (10 BHp) to 1,165,000 (52 BHp) $ 1,165,001 Btu (52 BHp) to 3,300,000 (98 BHp) $ _ over 3,300,000 Btu (98 BHp) $ For SI: 1 British thermal unit = 0.2931 W, I BHp = 33;475 Btu/hr. B102 FEE FOR REINSPECTION If it becomes necessary to make a reinspection of a heating, ventilation, air - conditioning or refrigeration system, or boiler installation, the installer of such equipment shall pay a reinspection fee of $_ B103 TEMPORARY OPERATION INSPECTION FEE When preliminary inspection is requested for purposes of permitting temporary operation of a heating, ventilating, refrigeration, or air - conditioning system, or portion thereof, a fee of $ shall be paid by the contractor requesting such preliminary inspection. If the system is not approved for temporary operation on the fast preliminary inspection, the usual reinspection fee shall be charged for each subsequent preliminary inspection for such purpose. 8104 SELF - CONTAINED UNITS LESS THAN 2 TONS In all buildings, except one- and two-family dwellings, where self- contained air - conditioning units of less than 2 tons are to be installed, the fee charged shall be that for the total cost of all units combined (see B 10 1.2.1 for rate). 8201 GAS PIPING SYSTEMS B201 For issuing each permit, a fee of $_ will be charged; B202 The total fees for inspection of consumer's gas piping at one location (including both rough and final piping inspection) shall be $_ for one to four outlets, inclusive, and $_ for each additional outlet; ' B203 The fees for inspecting conversion burners, floor furnaces, incinerators, boilers, or central heating or air - conditioning units shall be $_ for one unit and $_ for each additional unit; B204 The fee for inspecting vented wall furnaces and water heaters shall be $_ for one unit and $_ for each additional unit; B205 If a reinspection is required, an additional fee of $_ will be charged; B206 If any person commences any work before obtaining the necessary permit and inspection, fees shall be doubled; and B207 Any and all fees shall be paid by the person to whom the permit is issued. 133 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 134 A ADMINISTRATION AND INDEX ENFORCEMENT Chapter 1 AIR 906 Combustion Chapter 7 Distribution systems Chapter 6 Filters 605 Transfer 403.2.2 Supply, Chapter 4, 1105 9.2 Ventilation Chapter 4 ALTERNATIVE MATERIAL 105.2 APPEAL 109 APPLIANCES 10046 Access 306 Category Chapters 2, 8 Decorative. gas 907,969 Fan - assisted 803 Hazardous location 303.2 Installation Chapters 3, 9 Outdoors 303,304 APPLICABILITY OF CODE 102 APPROVAL 105 ATTIC VENTILATION 404 AUTOMATIC DAMPERS 803.2.1, 803.3.1, 804 6 AUTOMATIC FIRE SUPPRESSION, KITCHEN EXHAUST 509 B B AND BW TYPE VENTS 802, Chapter 8 BARBECUE PITS 906 BATHROOM VENTILATION 402,403 BLOWOFF VALVE 1008 BOILERS 802, 803, 804 Approval 1004 Controls 10067 Gauges 1010 General Chapter 10 Low -water cutoff 1007 Rooms 10046 BURNER, CONVERSION 924 A CANOPY HOODS 507 CEILING DAMPERS 6073 CHILLED WATER PIPING Chapter 12 CHIMNEYS AND VENTS 802 Connectors 802, 803, 804 Dampers 804 5, 804 6 Exhausters 805 Factory built 802,806 General Chapter 8 Masonry, general 801.3, Chapter 8 Vents. 802 CLEANOUTS Masonry chimneys 801 14 Kitchen exhaust 506 10, 506.11 CLEARANCES Appliance equipment Chapters 3, 9 Chimney and vent. Chapter 8 Kitchen exhaust 506 16, 507 7 Reduction 308 CLOTHES DRYER Appliance 917 Exhaust. 504 COAL - BURNING APPLIANCES Chapter 9 CODE OFFICIAL 103,104 COLLECTORS, SOLAR Chapter 15 COMBUSTIBLE LIQUID STORAGE TANK Chapter 14 COMBUSTIBLES, REDUCED CLEARANCE 308 COMBUSTION AIR. Chapter 7 COMMERCIAL KITCHEN EXHAUST Chapter 5 COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS 1310 CONDENSATE DISPOSAL 307 CONDENSATION Ducts 60316 Piping 11073 CONNECTORS, CHIMNEY OR VENT 803.2, 803 3, 804 CONNECTORS, FLEXIBLE (GAS) 1309 CONTAMINANTS, VENTILATION AIR. Chapter 4 CONVEYOR SYSTEMS 511 COOKING APPLIANCES 922 COOLING TOWERS 911 COOLING WATER PIPING Chapter 12 CORRUGATED STAINLESS STEEL TUBING 1302.5, 1303.3 COVERING, DUCT 604 CRAWL SPACE PLENUMS 602 CRAWL SPACE, VENTILATION 404 CREMATORIES 91 C C DAMPERS Chimney or vent 803.2.1, 803 3 1, 804 5, 804 6 Combustion air 710 Fire 607 DECORATIVE APPLIANCE 907,909 DEFINITIONS Chapter 2 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 135 INDEX DETECTORS, DUCT 606 FIRE SUPPRESSION DIRECT -FIRED EQUIPMENT 915 Hazardous exhaust 5107 DRYER, CLOTHES Kitchen exhaust 509 Exhaust 504 FIREPLACES General. 917 Factory built 903.1 DUCT Masonry 902.1 Combustion air 709 FIREPLACE STOVE 905 Construction 603 FLEXIBLE CONNECTORS (DUCT) 6036 Covering 604 FLEXIBLE CONNECTORS, HYDRONIC 12023 Detectors, smoke 606 FLEXIBLE DUCTS 603 Enclosure Fire damper 506 12, 510 4, 510 6 607 FLOOD HAZARD 301 13, 603 12.3 Flexible 603 FLOOR FURNACE 913 Furnace 914 FLUE LINERS Chapter 8 Hangers and supports 603 FUEL, CONVERSION 3019 Hazardous exhaust 510 FUEL - DISPENSING SYSTEMS 1310 Installation Insulation 603 604 FUEL GAS PIPING Chapter 13 Joints 603 FUEL OIL Kitchen exhaust 506 Piping Chapter 14 Lining 604 Piping installation Chapter 14 Smoke damper 607 Piping material Chapter 14 Systems Chapter 6 FURNACE 923 Underground 603.12 FURNACE ROOM 3045 DUST STOCK AND REFUSE CONVEYOR SYSTEMS 511 G E GAS Flow controls 1307 ENERGY EFFICIENCY 301.2 Pipe sizing 1302 ELECTRIC INSTALLATION 3017 Piping Chapter 13 ENGINE/TURBINE EQUIPMENT 920 Piping, installation 1304 EQUIPMENT ACCESS 306 Piping, material 1303 Piping, purging 130418 EQUIPMENT IDENTIFICATION 3049 Piping, test 130418 EXHAUST, REQUIRED SYSTEMS 502 Piping, tracer 1804 171 Clothes dryer 504 Two psi and higher 1306 Discharge 5013 Valves 1305 Ducts 5015 GAUGES, BOILERS 1010 Kitchen 505, 506, 507 GREASE 506,507 Machinery room 1105, 1106 Mechanical 403, Chapter 5 GREASE FILTERS 5079 Openings 4017 GUARDS 3048 System, hazardous 510 EXHAUSTER 805 H EXISTING SYSTEMS 102 HANGERS, PIPE 305 F HAZARDOUS EXHAUST SYSTEM 510 HAZARDOUS LOCATION, EQUIPMENT 9013 FACTORY BUILT HAZARDOUS LOCATION, INSTALLATION 304 Barbecue appliance 906 HEATER Chapter 9 Chimneys 806 Commercial exhaust hoods 5071 1 HEAT PUMP 923 Ducts (kitchen exhaust) 5064 HOOD DESIGN (KITCHEN) 507 FANS, EXHAUST 503 HOOD EXHAUST 507,51053 FILTERS, AIR 605 HOT WATER BOILERS Chapter 10 FILTERS, GREASE 5079 HOT WATER PIPING Chapter 12 FIRE DAMPERS 607 HYDRONIC PIPING Chapter 12 136 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE INDEX 1 O ILLUMINATING APPLIANCE 918 OIL, FUEL PIPING Chapter 14 INCINERATORS 910 OPENINGS INSIDE AIR, COMBUSTION Chapter 7 Combustion air Chapter 7 INSPECTION 107 Outside 4017,401.8 INSULATION OUTDOOR AIR, COMBUSTION Chapter 7 Duct 604 OUTDOOR INSTALLATION 303.6 Pipe 1204 OUTSIDE AIR, MINIMUM 403 J P JOINTS PELLET FUEL - BURNING APPLIANCES 904 Connectors 804101 PENETRATIONS 302.1 Duct. 506.5, 510.8.1, 603.13 PERMITS 106 Piping 1107.5, 1203, 1303.9, 1303.11, 1403 PIPE Insulation 1107.3, 1204 K Support 3054 PIPING KEROSENE STOVE 926.6 Fuel oil Chapter 14 Gas Chapter 13 KITCHEN EXHAUST EQUIPMENT Chapter 5 Material, fuel gas 1303 Material, fuel oil 1402 L Material, hydronic 1202 Refrigerant 1107 LABELING Support 305 Criteria for 3014 PLENUMS 602 LINER, FLUE. 80117 PLUMBING 301.8 LINING, DUCT 604 POOL/SPA HEATER. 921 LISTING 301.3 POWER EXHAUSTER 805 LOCATION, APPLIANCE EQUIPMENT 303 PRESSURE GAUGE 1010 LOG LIGHTER 909 PRESSURE REGULATORS, GAS 1307 LOW -WATER CUTOFF 1006, 1007 PRESSURE VESSEL 1003 LP -GAS PIPING 1308 PURGING, GAS PIPING 130418 M R RADIANT HEATER. 916 MACHINERY ROOMS 1105, 1106 RANGE HOODS Chapter 5 MAINTENANCE 102.3 REDUCED, CLEARANCE 308 MAKEUP AIR, EXHAUST 508,510 REFRIGERANT PIPING 1107 MAKEUP WATER 1201 1, 1207.2 REFRIGERANT, QUANTITY 1104 MASONRY CHIMNEYS Chapter 8 REFRIGERATION, MECHANICAL Chapter 11 MASONRY FIREPLACE 902 REGISTERS 603.20 MECHANICAL EXHAUST /DRAFT 805 REGULATORS, GAS 1307 MECHANICAL OFFICIAL (See CODE OFFICIAL) RELIEF VALVES, FUEL OIL 1406 MECHANICAL REFRIGERATION Chapter 11 RELIEF VALVES, PRESSURE VESSELS 1006 MECHANICAL VENTILATION 403, Chapter 4 RELIEF VALVES, SOLAR 1502 MOTORS 503,506 REPAIRS 102.4 MOVED STRUCTURE 102.7 ROOM HEATERS, SOLID FUEL 905,927 N S NATURAL VENTILATION 402 SAFETY VALVE 1006 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 137 INDEX SAUNA HEATER 919 SCOPE OF CODE 101.2 SEISMIC 301 14 SIGHT GLASS 1010 SMOKE DAMPERS 607 SMOKE DETECTORS 606 SOLAR Chapter 15 SOLID FUEL - BURNING APPLIANCES Chapter 9 STANDARDS, REFERENCED 102.8, Chapter 16 STEAM Refrigeration Blowoff 1008 Boilers Chapter 10 Gauge 1010 Piping Chapters 10, 12 SUBSLAB SOIL EXHAUST SYSTEM 512 SUPPORTS, DUCT 603.14 SUPPORTS, PIPING 305 SUPPRESSION Hazardous exhaust 5107 Kitchen exhaust 509 TANKS, EXPANSION 1009, 1502.4 4 TANKS, FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS Chapter 14 TEMPERATURE GAUGE 1010 TEMPERATURE RELIEF, SOLAR 1502.4 TESTS, BOILER/PRESSURE VESSEL. 1011 Gas piping 130418 Hydronic piping 1208, 1209.2 Kitchen exhaust 507 15, 509 6 Refrigeration 1108 THERMAL STORAGE, SOLAR 1504.2 TOILET ROOM, VENTILATION Chapter 4 TRANSFER FLUID Hydronic piping. 1207 Solar 1503 TYPE B VENTS 926, Chapter 8 U UNDERGROUND STORAGE TANKS Chapter 14 UNIT HEATER 925 UNSAFE CONDITIONS 108.7 UNVENTED APPLIANCES 801 12,926 V VALVES Boilers 1005, 1008 Fuel oil Chapter 14 Gas 1305 Hydronic Safety and relief Stop VAPOR RETARDER VENTILATION Air Machinery room Mechanical Natural Openings Rate Recirculation Uninhabited spaces VENTS Connectors. General Termination VIBRATION CONTROL DEVICES W WALL FURNACE WATER HEATERS WATER PIPING WIND RESISTANCE WOOD - BURNING APPLIANCES 1205 1006 ` 11077 60411 Chapter 4 1105, 1106 403 402 401 7, 401 8 403.3 403.2.1 404 802, 803, 804 802, Chapter 8 802 301 10 912 1002 Chapter 12 301 12 Chapter 9 138 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE exnipi* • 13 -. clR0l"NCli No. M5a0 • 1997 Supplement to the International echanical Code RiTEMAnONAL CODE COUNCIL &01 SMCE Off, SG UNWORN o 'z c wtam o is CODE A COPYRIGHT © 1996 by An INTERNATIONAL CODE COUNCIL, INC. is and BUILDING OFFICIALS AND CODE ADMINISTRATORS INTERNATIONAL, INC. 4051 West Flossmoor Road Country Club Hills, Illinois 60478 -5795 (708) 799 -2300 and INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF BUILDINGS OFFICIALS 5360 Workman Mill Road Whittier, California 90601 -2298 (310) 699 -0541 and SOUTHERN BUILDING CODE CONGRESS INTERNATIONAL, INC. 900 Montclair Road Birmingham, Alabama 35213 -1206 (205) 591 -1853 PRINTED IN THE U.S.A. 1] PREFACE This is the 1997 Supplement to the 1996 edition of the International Mechanical CodeTM It contains changes approved by the memberships of Building Officials and Code Administrators International, Inc, the International Conference of Building Officials, and the Southern Building Code Congress International, Inc , at their annual meetings held in September and October 1996 This supplement is prepared in a form which permits ready adoption by reference and convenient use. A suggested form of an adoption ordinance is found on page vii. Through the adoption of the International Mechanical Code and the supplement, jurisdictions will have the benefit of the latest developments in mechanical regulations. U `W' 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 10 10 10 10 10 10 v TABLE OF CONTENTS ® Sample Ordinance For Adoption of the S ec. 507.9 International Mechanical Code vii Table 507.9 Sec. 507.9.2 Sec. 507 11 CHAPTER 1 1 Sec. 507 12 Sec. 107.2.1 1 CHAPTER 6 CHAPTER 2 I Sec. 602.2 Sec. 602.2.1 Sec. 202 1 Sec. 602.2.1 1 Sec. 602.2.1.2 Sec. 602.2.1.3 CHAPTER 3 , . 1 Sec. 603 10 Sec. 301.3 1 Sec. 603.13 Sec. 303.5 1 Sec. 604.7 Sec. 303 7 1 Sec. 604 11 Sec. 306.3 1 Sec. 604.12 Sec. 306.31 2 Sec. 605.2 Sec. 306.4 2 Sec. 306.4 1 2 Sec. 307.2.2 2 CHAPTER 7 Sec. 308.2 2 Sec. 7014 Sec. 308.11 2 Sec. 7041 Sec. 704.1.2 CHAPTER 4 2 Sec. 7091 Sec. 401.5 2 Sec. 401.6 2 CHAPTER 8 Sec. 401.8 2 Sec. 80119 Sec. 402.1 2 Sec. 801 19 1 Sec. 4031 2 Sec. 80119.2 Table 403.3 3 Sec. 801 19.3 Sec. 403.3 1 3 Sec. 801 19 4 Sec.403.31 4 Sec. 802.1 Sec. 403 4 4 Sec. 802.9 Table 403 4 4 Sec. 803.3 12 Sec. 803.3.17 CHAPTER 5 4 Sec. 803.3.18 Sec. 804.9 Sec. 506.5 4 Sec. 80410.2 Sec. 506.51 4 Sec. 805.1 Sec. 506.5.2 4 Sec. 80511 Sec. 506.5.3 5 Sec. 8051.2 Sec. 506.10 5 Sec. 805.1.3 Sec. 506. 10.1 5 Sec. 506.11 5 Sec. 506.13 5 CHAPTER 9 Sec. 506.16 5 Sec. 905.1 Sec. 506.17 5 Sec. 912.1 Sec. 506.171 5 Sec. 9131 Sec. 506.17.2 5 Sec. 9151 Sec. 506.17.3 5 Sec. 915.2 Sec. 506.18 5 Sec. 915.3 Sec. 507.3 Sec. 507.31 5 5 Sec. 915.6 Sec. 507.3.2 6 Sec. 915.8 Sec. 507 4 6 Sec. 915.9 Sec. 507.5 6 Sec. 915.10 Sec. 507 7 6 Sec. 918.1 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 10 10 10 10 10 10 v Sec, .922.1 10 Sec. 1104 4.2 15 Sec. 923 1 10 Sec. 1104 4.3 15 Sec. 923.2 10 Sec. 11051 I5 is Sec. 923 5 10 Sec. 1108.2 15 Sec. 926.1 11 Sec. 926.6 11 Sec. 927 1 11 CHAPTER 12 16 Sec. 928 11 Table 1202.5 16 Sec. 928.1 11 Sec. 120315 16 Sec. 928.11 11 Sec. 12041 16 Sec. 1206.12 16 CHAPTER 10 11 Sec. 1002.2.2 11 CHAPTER 13 16 Sec. 10041 11 Sec. 1306.1 16 Sec. 1004 7 11 Sec. 1306.2 16 Sec. 10051 11 Sec. 1306.3 16 Sec. 1006.7 11 Table 1306.3(3) 17 Table 1006.7 11 Sec. 1306.4 16 Sec. 1006.7 1 11 Table 1306.4(2) 17 Sec. 1006.7.2 11 Sec. 1306.5 17 Sec. 1006.7.3 11 Sec. 1006.74 12 Sec. 1006.7.5 12 CHAPTER 16 18 Sec. 1006.77 12 Sec. 1006.7.8 12 Sec. 1006.7.9 12 Sec. 1006.7 10 12 CHAPTER I1 12 Sec. 1101.2 12 Sec. 1102.1 12 Sec. 1102.2 12 Sec. 1102.2.1 12 Sec. 1102.2.2 12 Sec. 1102.2.2.1 12 Sec. 1102.2.2.2 12 Sec. 1102.2.2.3 12 Sec. 1103 13 Sec. 1103 1 13 Sec. 1103.2 13 Sec. 1103.3 13 Sec. 1103.3 1 13 Sec. 1103.3.2 13 Sec. 1104 13 Sec. 11041 13 Table 1104 1 14 Sec. 1104.2 13 Sec. 1104.2.1 14 Sec. 1104.2.2 14 Sec. 1104.3 15 Sec. 1104.3 1 15 Sec. 1104.3.2 15 Sec. 1104.3.3 15 Sec. 1104.34 15 Sec. 11044 15 Sec. 11044 1 15 vi ADOPTION SAMPLE ORDINANCE FOR ADO N OF THE O INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE ORDINANCE NO. An ordinance of the (JURISDICTION) amending the 1996 edition of the International Mechanical Code regulating and controlling the design, construction, quality of materials, erection, installation, alteration, repair, location, relocation, replacement, addition to, use or maintenance of mechanical systems in the (JURISDICTION); providing for the issuance of permits and collection of fees therefore; repealing Ordinance No of the (JURISDICTION) and all other ordinances and parts of the ordinances in conflict therewith. BE IT ORDAINED BY THE (TITLE OF LEGISLATIVE BODY) of the (JURISDICTION) as follows SECTION 1. That the International Mechanical Code 1996 edition, is hereby amended by adopting this 1997 Supplement. Three (3) copies of said Supplement are on file in the office of (TITLE OF CLERK OF LEGISLATIVE BODY) SECTION 2. All ordinances and parts of ordinances in conflict with this ordinance are hereby expressly ® repealed. SECTION 3. The (TITLE OF CLERK OF LEGISLATIVE BODY) shall certify to the adoption of this ordinance and cause the same to be published. C7 Vii NIPP C • 1997 SUPPLEMENT TO THE I.M.C. CHAPTER 1 Sec. 107.2.1, page 5. Change to reed as shown (M5 -96) 107.2.1 New, altered, extended or repaired systems. New mechanical systems and parts of existing systems, which have been altered, extended, renovated or repaired, shall be tested as prescribed herein to disclose leaks and defects. CHAPTER 2 Sec. 202, page 12. Delete and replace with the following definition. (M7 -96) DRAFT HOOD. A device built into an appliance, or made a part of the vent connector from an appliance, that is designed to provide for the ready escape of the flue gases from the appliance in the event of no draft, backdraft, or stoppage beyond the draft hood; prevent a back draft from entering the appliance; and neutralize the effect of stack action of `the chimney or gas vent upon the operation of the appliance. Sec. 202, page 13. Change to read as shown. (M10 -96) FURNACE ROOM. A room primarily utilized for the instal- lation of fuel- burning heating equipment, other than boilers (see also "Boiler room "). Sec. 202, page 14. Change to read as shown. (M12 -96) LABELED. Devices, equipment, appliances or materials to which have been affixed a label, seal, symbol or other identi- fying mark of a nationally recognized testing laboratory, in- spection agency or other organization concerned with product evaluation that maintains periodic inspection of the production of the above - labeled items and by whose label the manufacturer attests to compliance with applicable nationally recognized standards. LISTED. Equipment, appliances or materials included in a list published by a nationally recognized testing laboratory, inspec- tion agency or other organization concerned with product evaluation that maintains periodic inspection of production of listed equipment, appliances or materials, and whose listing states either that the equipment, appliance or material meets nationally recognized standards or has been tested and found suitable for use in a specified manner. Not all testing laborato- ries, inspection agencies and other organizations concerned with product evaluation use the same means for identifying listed equipment, appliances or materials. Some do not recog- nize equipment, appliances or materials as listed unless they are also labeled. The authority having jurisdiction shall utilize the system employed by the listing organization to identify a listed product. Sec. 202, page 15. Add new definition as follows: (M138 -96) 107.2.1 - 306.3 input rating of 400,000 Btu/h (117 228 W) gas, 3 gph (11 4 L/h) oil, or 115 kW (electric). Sec. 202, page 16. Change to read as shown. (M147 -96) REFRIGERANT SAFETY CLASSIFICATIONS Groupings that indicate the toxicity and flammability classes in accordance with Section 1103 1 The classification group is made up of a letter (A or B) that indicates the toxicity class, followed by a number (1, 2 or 3) that indicates the flamma- bility class. Refrigerant blends are similarly classified, based on the compositions at their worst cases of fractionation, as separately determined for toxicity and flammability In some cases, the worst case of fractionation is the original formula- tion. Sec. 202, page 18. Change to read as shown. (M21 -96) VENTED GAS APPLIANCE CATEGORIES. Gas appli- ances that are categorized for the purpose of vent selection are classified into the following four categories: Sec. 202, page 19. Change to read as shown (M23 -96) WATER HEATER. Any heating appliance or equipment that heats potable water and supplies such water to the potable hot water distribution system. CHAPTER 3 Sec. 301.3, page 21. Change to read as shown. (M26 -96) 301.3 Listed and labeled. All appliances regulated by this code shall be listed and labeled unless otherwise approved in accordance with Section 105 Sec. 303.5, page 22. Change to read as shown. (M33 -96) 303.5 Indoor locations. Fuel -fired furnaces and boilers in- stalled in closets and alcoves shall be listed for such installa- tion. Sec. 303.7, page 22. Change to read as shown: (M35 -96) 303.7 Pit locations. Equipment installed in pits or excava- tions shall not come in direct contact with the surrounding soil. The sides of the pit or excavation shall be held back a minimum of 12 inches (305 mm) from the equipment. Where the depth exceeds 12 inches (305 mm) below adjoining grade, the walls of the pit or excavation shall be lined with concrete or masonry Such concrete or masonry shall extend a minimum of 4 inches (102 mm) above adjoining grade and shall have sufficient lateral load bearing capacity to resist collapse. The equipment shall be protected from flooding in an approved manner Sec. 306.3, page 24. Change to read as shown. (M37 -96) MODULAR BOILER. A steam or hot water heating assembly 306.3 Equipment in attics. Attics containing equipment consisting of a group of individual boilers called modules requiring access shall be provided with an opening and intended to be installed as a unit with no intervening stop unobstructed passageway large enough to allow removal of valves. Modules are under one jacket or are individually jack- the largest piece of equipment. The passageway shall not be eted. The individual modules shall be limited to a maximum less than 30 inches (762 mm) high and 22 inches (559 mm) 306.3.1 - 4031 wide and not more than 20 feet (6096 mm) in length when measured along the centerline of the passageway .from the opening to the equipment. The passageway shall have continu- ous solid flooring not less than 24 inches (610 mm) wide A level service space at least 30 inches (762 mm) deep and 30 inches (762 mm) wide shall be present at the front or service side of the equipment. The clear access opening dimensions shall be a minimum of 20 inches by 30 inches (508 mm by 762 mm), where such dimensions are large enough to allow removal of the largest piece of equipment. Exception The passageway and level service space are not required where the equipment is capable of being serviced and removed through the required opening. Sec. 306.3.1, page 24. Add new section as follows. (M38 -96) 306.3.1 Electrical requirements. A lighting fixture controlled by a switch located at the required passageway opening and a receptacle outlet shall be provided at or near the equipment location in accordance with NFPA 70 Sec, 306.4, page 24. Change to read as shown (M37 -96) 306.4 Equipment under floors. Underfloor spaces containing equipment requiring access shall be provided with an access opening and unobstructed passageway large enough to remove the largest piece of equipment. The passageway shall not be less than 30 inches (762 mm) high and 22 inches (559 mm) wide, nor more than 20 feet (6096 mm) in length when meas- ured along the centerline of the passageway from the opening to the equipment. A level service space at least 30 inches (762 mm) deep and 30 inches (762 mm) wide shall be present at the front or service side of the equipment. If the depth of the passageway or the service space exceeds 12 inches (305 mm) below the adjoining grade, the walls of the passageway shall be lined with concrete or masonry extending 4 inches (102 mm) above the adjoining grade and having sufficient lateral- bearing capacity to resist collapse. The clear access opening dimen- sions shall be a minimum of 22 inches by 30 inches (559 mm by 762 mm), where such dimensions are large enough to allow removal of the largest piece of equipment. Exception. The passageway is not required where the level service space is present when the access is open and the equipment is capable of being serviced and removed through the required opening. F Sec. 306.4.1, page 24. Add new section as follows. (.M38 -96) 306.4.1 Electrical requirements: A lighting fixture controlled by a switch located at the required passageway opening and a receptacle outlet shall be provided at or near the equipment location in accordance with NFPA 70 Sec. 307.2.2, page 25. Change to read as shown (M39 -96) 307.2.2 Drain pipe materials and sizes. Components of the condensate disposal system shall be cast iron, galvanized steel, copper, polybutylene, polyethylene, ABS, CPVC or PVC pipe or tubing. All components shall be selected for the pressure and temperature rating of the installation Condensate waste and drain line size shall be not less than 3/4 -inch (19 mm) internal diameter and shall not decrease in size from the drain pan 1997 SUPPLEMENT TO THE I.M.C. connection to the place of condensate disposal. Where the drain pipes from more than one unit Are manifolded together for condensate drainage, the pipe or tubing shall be sized in accordance with an approved method. All horizontal sections of drain piping shall be installed in uniform alignment at a uniform slope. Sec, 308.2, page 25. Delete and replace as follows: (M40 -96) 308.2 Listed appliances and equipment. The reduction of the required clearances to combustibles for listed and labeled appliances and equipment shall be in accordance with the requirements of this section except that such clearances shall not be reduced where reduction is specifically prohibited by the terms of the appliance or equipment listing. Sec. 308.11, page 26. Change to read as shown (M42 -96) 308.11 Kitchen exhaust ducts. The clearance reduction methods specified in Table 308.6 shall not be utilized to reduce the minimum clearances required by Section 506 12 for kitchen exhaust ducts enclosed in a shaft. CHAPTER 4 Sec. 401.5, page 27 Delete and redesignate remaining sections. (M43 -96) Sec. 401.6, page 27 Delete and redesignate remaining sections. (M43 -96) Sec. 401.8, page 27 Change to read as shown (M44 -96) 401.8 Outside opening protection. Air exhaust and intake openings that terminate outdoors shall be protected with corrosion- resistant screens, louvers or grilles having a mini- mum opening size of 1/4 inch (6 4 mm) and a maximum opening size of 1/Z inch (12.7 mm), in any dimension. Open- ings shall be protected against local weather conditions Outdoor air exhaust and intake openings located in exterior walls shall meet the provisions for exterior wall opening protectives in accordance with the building code. Sec. 402.1, page 27 Change to read as shown. (M46 -96) 402.1 General. Natural ventilation of an occupied space shall be through windows, doors, louvers or other openings to the outdoors. Sec. 403.1, page 27 Change to read as shown (M48 -96) 403.1 Ventilation system. Mechanical ventilation shall be provided by a method of supply air and return or exhaust air The amount of supply air shall be approximately equal to the amount of return and exhaust air The system shall not be prohibited from producing a negative or positive pressure The system to convey the ventilation air shall be designed and installed in accordance with Chapter 6 Ventilation supply systems shall be designed to deliverthe required rate of supply air to the zone within the occupied space between 3 inches (76 mm) and 72 inches (1829 mm) C 1997 SUPPLEMENT TO THE I.M.C. above the floor and more than 2 feet (610 mm) from the enclosing walls. ® Table 403.3, pages 28 and 29. Change to read as shown: (M50 -96) 0 TABLE 403.3 REQUIRED OUTDOOR VENTILATION AIR Table 403.3 TABLE 403.3 - -continued REQUIRED OUTDOOR VENTILATION AIR ESTIMATED MAXIMUM OUTDOOR AIR OCCUPANT OUTDOOR AIR LOAD, Icubic feet per OCCUPANCY PERSONS PER minute (cfm) per OCCUPANCY .1,000 SQUARE person) UNLESS CLASSIFICATION FEET' NOTED` Correctional facilities chap es per p Cells 20 20 Dining halls 100 15 Guard stations 40 15 Dry cleaners, laundries First bedroom. person, whichever is Coin- operated dry cleaner 20 15 Coin- operated laundries 20 15 Commercial dry cleaner 30 30 Commercial laundry 10 25 Storage, pick up 30 35 Education continuous; Mechanical Auditoriums 150 15 Classroom Corridors 50 — 15 0.10 cfm/ft. 2 Labor atories 30 20 Libraries Locker rooms 20 — 15 0.50 cfm/ft.2 Music rooms 50 15 Smoking loungesb 70 60 Training shops 30 20 Food and beverage service car Bars, cocktail lounges 100 30 Cafeteria, fast food 100 20 Dining rooms 70 20 Kitchens (cooking) f 20 15 Hospitals, nursing and — 0.5 cfm /ft.2 convalescent holes — 2 Autopsy rooms — 0.50 cfm/ft. Medical procedure rooms 20 15 Operating rooms 20 30 Patient rooms 10 25 Physical therapy 20 15 Recovery and ICU 20 15 Hotels, motels, resorts, — 15 dormitories — 35 cfm per Assembly Booms 120 room Bathrooms — 30 cfm per Bedrooms — room Conference rooms 50 20 Dormitory sleeping areas 20 15 Gambling casinos 120 30 Living rooms — 30 cfm per Lobbies 30 room Beauty 25 15 Offices — 2 0:30 cfm/ft. Conference rooms 50 20 Office spaces 7 20 Reception areas 60 15 Telecommunication — 100 cfm/ft.2 centers and data entry 60 20 Table 403.3 TABLE 403.3 - -continued REQUIRED OUTDOOR VENTILATION AIR (continued) ESTIMATED MAXIMUM OUTDOOR AIR OCCUPANT Icubic feet per LOAD, PERSONS minute (cfm) per OCCUPANCY PER 1,000 person) UNLESS CLASSIFICATION SQUARE FEET" NOTED` Private dwellings, single 0.35 air and multiple chap es per p Living areas Based upon hour or 15 number of cfm per bedrooms. First bedroom. person, whichever is 2 each additional greater bedroom: 1 Kitchens 100 cfm — intermittent or 25 cfm Toilet rooms and continuous; Mechanical bathrooms — exhaust capacity of 50 cfm intermittent or 20 cfm Garages, separate for continuous each dwelling — 100 cfm per Garages, commen for car multiple units — 1.5 cfm /ft 2 Public spaces Corridors and utilities — 0.05 cfm /ft.2 Elevators g — 100 cfm /ft 2 Locker abnd dressing — 0.5 cfm /ft.2 rooms Toilet roomsb's — 75 cfm per water closet or urinal Smoking lounges b 70 60 Retail stores, sales floors and showroom floors Basement and street — 0.30 cfm/ft.2 Dressing rooms — 0:20 cfm/ft.2 Malls and arcades — 0.20 cfm/ft.2 Shipping and receiving — 0.15 cfm/R. 2 Smoking lounges 70 60 Storage rooms — 2 0.15 cfm/ft. Upper floors — 0.20 cfm/ft.2 Warehouses — 0.05 cfm/ft. 2 Specialty shops Automotive service stations — 1.5 cfm /ft.2 Barber 25 15 Beauty 25 25 Clothiers, furniture — 2 0:30 cfm/ft. Florists 8 15 Hardware, drugs, fabrics 8 15 Pet shops — 100 cfm/ft.2 Reducing salons 2 0 15 Supermarkets 8 15 (continued) 403.3.1 - 506.6.2 1997 SUPPLEMENT TO THE I.M.C. TABLE 4033-- continued CHAPTER 5 REQUIRED OUTDOOR VENTILATION AIR For SI:1 cubic foot per minute = 0.0004719 M3 /s, 1 cubic foot per minute per square foot = 0.00508 m3 /(s m2), °C. = [('F)- 32]/1.8. ' Based upon net occupied heated or conditioned space. b Mechanical exhaust required and recirculation is prohibited. Spaces unheated or maintained below 50 °F are not covered by these requirements unless the occupancy is continuous. Public parking garages shall be ventilated in accordance with Section 403.5 where the ventilation system is operated by an automatic carbon monoxide detection device. p Where the ventilation rate is expressed in cfm/ft 2, such rate is based upon ubic feet per minute per square foot of the floor area being ventilated. The sum of the outdoor and transfer air from adjacent spaces shall be sufficient to provide an exhaust rate of not less than 1.5 cubic feet per minute per square foot. 8 Transfer air permitted in accordance with Section 403.2.2. Sec. 403.3.1, page 29 Change to read as shown (M48 -96) 403.3.1 System operation. The minimum amount of outdoor air capable of being supplied by the ventilation system during its operation shall be based on the rate per person indicated in Table 403.3 and the actual number of occupants present, or shall be determined in accordance with Section 403.3 Sec. 403.4, page 30. Delete and redesignate remaining sec- tions. (M51 -96) Table 403.4, page 30. Delete without substitution. (M51 -96) Sec. 506.5, page 33. Change to read as shown: (M55 -96) 506.5 Joints, seams, and penetrations of grease ducts. Joints, seams, and penetrations of grease ducts shall be made with a continuous liquid -tight weld or braze made on the external surface of the duct system. Exceptions: 1 Penetrations shall not be required to be welded or brazed where sealed by devices that are listed for the application. 2• Internal welding or brazing shall not be prohibited provided that the joint is formed or ground smooth and is readily accessible for inspection. Sec. 506.5.1, 506.5.2, 506.5.3 page 33. Add new subsec- tions as follows. (M55 -96, M57 -96, M58 -96) 506.5.1 Duct to hood joints. Duct to hood joints shall be made with continuous internal or external liquid tight welded or brazed joints. Such joints shall be smooth, accessible for inspection, and without grease traps. Exceptions: This section shall not apply to- A vertical duct to hood collar connection made in the top plane of the hood in accordance with all of the following: 1 I The hood duct opening shall have a 1 inch (25 4 mm) deep, full perimeter, welded flange turned down into the hood interior at an angle of 90 degrees from the plane of the opening. 1.2 The duct shall have a 1 inch (25 4 mm) deep flange made by a I inch by 1 inch (25 4 mm by 25 4 mm) angle iron welded to the full perimeter of the duct not less than 1 inch (25 4 mm) above the bottom end of the duct. 1.3 A gasket rated for use at not less than 1500 °F (815 °C.) is installed between the duct flange and the top of the hood. 14 The duct to hood joint shall be secured by stud bolts not less than '/, inch (6.4 mm) in diameter welded to the hood with a spac- ing not greater than 4 inches (102 mm) on center for the full perimeter of the opening. All bolts and nuts are to be secured with lockwashers. 2. Listed and labeled duct to hood collar connec- tions installed in accordance with the terms of the listing. 506.5.2 Duct to exhaust fan connections. Duct to exhaust fan connections shall be flanged and gasketed at the base of the fan for listed and labeled vertical discharge fans, shall be flanged, gasketed, and bolted to the inlet of the fan for side inlet utility fans, and shall be flanged, gasketed, and bolted to the inlet and outlet of the fan for in -line fans. ESTIMATED MAXIMUM OUTDOOR AIR OCCUPANT (cubic feet per LOAD, PERSONS minute (dm) per OCCUPANCY PER 1,000 person) UNLESS CLASSIFICATION SQUARE FEET' NOTED` Theaters Auditoriums 150 15 Lobbies 150 20 Stages, studios 70 15 Ticket booths 60 20 Transportation Platforms 100 15 Vehicles 150 15 Waiting rooms 100 15 Workrooms Bank vaults 5 15 Darkrooms — 0.50 cfm/ft.2 Duplicating, printing — 0.50 cfm /ft.2 Meat processing` 10 15 Pharmacy 20 15 Photo studios 10 15 Sports and amusement Ballrooms and discos 100 25 Bowling alleys (seating areas) 70 25 Game rooms 70 25 Ice arenas — 0.50 cfm /ft .2 Playing floors 30 20 (gymnasiums) Spectator areas 150 15 Swimming pools (pool and deck area ) — 0.50 cfm/ft.2 Storage Repair garages, publi garages (enclosed) — 1.5 cfm/ft. 2 Warehouses — 0.05 cfm.ft.2 For SI:1 cubic foot per minute = 0.0004719 M3 /s, 1 cubic foot per minute per square foot = 0.00508 m3 /(s m2), °C. = [('F)- 32]/1.8. ' Based upon net occupied heated or conditioned space. b Mechanical exhaust required and recirculation is prohibited. Spaces unheated or maintained below 50 °F are not covered by these requirements unless the occupancy is continuous. Public parking garages shall be ventilated in accordance with Section 403.5 where the ventilation system is operated by an automatic carbon monoxide detection device. p Where the ventilation rate is expressed in cfm/ft 2, such rate is based upon ubic feet per minute per square foot of the floor area being ventilated. The sum of the outdoor and transfer air from adjacent spaces shall be sufficient to provide an exhaust rate of not less than 1.5 cubic feet per minute per square foot. 8 Transfer air permitted in accordance with Section 403.2.2. Sec. 403.3.1, page 29 Change to read as shown (M48 -96) 403.3.1 System operation. The minimum amount of outdoor air capable of being supplied by the ventilation system during its operation shall be based on the rate per person indicated in Table 403.3 and the actual number of occupants present, or shall be determined in accordance with Section 403.3 Sec. 403.4, page 30. Delete and redesignate remaining sec- tions. (M51 -96) Table 403.4, page 30. Delete without substitution. (M51 -96) Sec. 506.5, page 33. Change to read as shown: (M55 -96) 506.5 Joints, seams, and penetrations of grease ducts. Joints, seams, and penetrations of grease ducts shall be made with a continuous liquid -tight weld or braze made on the external surface of the duct system. Exceptions: 1 Penetrations shall not be required to be welded or brazed where sealed by devices that are listed for the application. 2• Internal welding or brazing shall not be prohibited provided that the joint is formed or ground smooth and is readily accessible for inspection. Sec. 506.5.1, 506.5.2, 506.5.3 page 33. Add new subsec- tions as follows. (M55 -96, M57 -96, M58 -96) 506.5.1 Duct to hood joints. Duct to hood joints shall be made with continuous internal or external liquid tight welded or brazed joints. Such joints shall be smooth, accessible for inspection, and without grease traps. Exceptions: This section shall not apply to- A vertical duct to hood collar connection made in the top plane of the hood in accordance with all of the following: 1 I The hood duct opening shall have a 1 inch (25 4 mm) deep, full perimeter, welded flange turned down into the hood interior at an angle of 90 degrees from the plane of the opening. 1.2 The duct shall have a 1 inch (25 4 mm) deep flange made by a I inch by 1 inch (25 4 mm by 25 4 mm) angle iron welded to the full perimeter of the duct not less than 1 inch (25 4 mm) above the bottom end of the duct. 1.3 A gasket rated for use at not less than 1500 °F (815 °C.) is installed between the duct flange and the top of the hood. 14 The duct to hood joint shall be secured by stud bolts not less than '/, inch (6.4 mm) in diameter welded to the hood with a spac- ing not greater than 4 inches (102 mm) on center for the full perimeter of the opening. All bolts and nuts are to be secured with lockwashers. 2. Listed and labeled duct to hood collar connec- tions installed in accordance with the terms of the listing. 506.5.2 Duct to exhaust fan connections. Duct to exhaust fan connections shall be flanged and gasketed at the base of the fan for listed and labeled vertical discharge fans, shall be flanged, gasketed, and bolted to the inlet of the fan for side inlet utility fans, and shall be flanged, gasketed, and bolted to the inlet and outlet of the fan for in -line fans. • 1997 SUPPLEMENT TO THE I.M.C. 506.5.3 Vibration isolation. A vibration isolation connector for side inlet utility fans shall consist of noncombustible pack- ing in a metal sleeve joint of approved design. Sec. 506.10, page 33. Change to read as shown. (M59 -96) 506.10 Cleanouts and other openings. Grease duct systems shall not have openings therein other than those required for proper operation and maintenance of the system. Any portion of such system having sections inaccessible from the duct entry or discharge shall be provided with cleanout openings. Ceeanout openings shall be equipped with tight - fitting doors constructed of steel having a thickness not less than that re- quired for the duct. Doors shall be equipped with a substantial method of latching, sufficient to hold the door tightly closed. Doors shall be designed so that they are operable without the use of a tool. Door assemblies, including any frames and gasketing shall be approved for the purpose, and shall not have fasteners that penetrate the duct. Listed and labeled access doors assemblies shall be installed in accordance with the terms of the listing. Sec. 506.10.1, page 33. Add new subsection as shown. (M59- 96) 506.10.1 Personnel entry. Where ductwork is large enough to allow entry of personnel, not less than one approved or listed opening having dimensions not less than 20 inches by 20 inches (508 mm by 508 mm) shall be provided in the horizontal sections, and in the top of vertical risers. Where such entry is provided, the duct and its supports shall be capable of support- ing the additional load. Sec. 506. 11, page 33. Delete and replace as follows. (M59 -96) 506.11 Horizontal cleanouts. Cleanouts located on horizontal sections of ducts shall be spaced not more than 20 feet (6096 mm) apart. The cleanouts shall be located on the side ofthe duct with the opening not less than 1 1/2 inches (38 mm) above the bottom of the duct, and not less than 1 inch (25 4 mm) below the top of the duct. The opening minimum dimensions shall be 12 inches (305 mm) on each side. Where the dimensions of the side of the duct prohibit the cleanout installation prescribed herein, the openings shall be on the top of the duct orthe bottom of the duct. Where located on the top of the duct, the opening edges shall be a minimum of 1 inch (25 4 mm) from the edges of the duct. Where located in the bottom of the duct, cleanout openings shall be designed to provide internal damming around the opening, shall be provided with gasketing to preclude grease leakage, shall provide for drainage of grease down the duct around the dam, and shall be approved for the application. Sec. 506.13, page 34. Change to read as shown (M61 -96) 506.13 Fireresistive access opening. Where cleanout open- ings are located in ducts within a fire- resistance -rated enclo- sure, access openings shall be provided in the enclosure at each cleanout point. Access openings shall be equipped with tight- fitting sliding or hinged doors that are equal in fireresistive protection to that of the shaft or enclosure. An approved sign shall be placed on access opening panels with wording as follows: "ACCESS PANEL. DO NOT OBSTRUCT" 506.5.3 - 507.3.2 Sec. $06.16, page 34. Change to read as shown: (M63 -96) 506.16 Clearances. Grease duct systems serving a Type I hood shall have a clearance to combustible construction of not less than 18 inches (457 mm). Sec. 506.17, page 34. Change to read as shown (M64 -96, M65 -96) 506.17 Type I exhaust outlets. Exhaust outlets for grease ducts serving commercial food heat - processing equipment shall conform to the requirements of Sections 506.17 1 through 506.17.3 Sec. 506.17.1, 506.17.2, 506.17.3, 506.18 page 34. Add new subsections as follows: (M64 -96) 506.17.1 Termination above the roof. Exhaust outlets that terminate above the roof shall have the discharge located not less than 2 feet (6 10 mm) above the roof surface. 506.17.2 Termination through an exterior wall. Where approved by the code official, exhaust outlets shall terminate through exterior walls only at locations where unprotected openings are allowed by the building code. Other exterior openings shall not be located within 3 feet (914 mm) of such temination. 506.17.3 Termination location. Exhaust outlets shall be located not less than 10 feet (3048 mm) horizontally from parts of the same or contiguous buildings, adjacent property lines and air intake openings into any building and shall be located not less than 10 feet (3048 mm) above the adjoining grade level. Exceptions: 1 Exhaust outlets shall terminate not less than 5 feet (1524 mm) from an adjacent building, adjacent property line and air intake opening into a building where air from the exhaust outlet discharges away from such locations. 2. The minimum horizontal distance between vertical discharge fans and parapet type building structures shall be 2 feet (610 mm) provided that such struc- tures are not higher than the top of the fan discharge opening. 506.18 Type II exhaust outlets. Exhaust outlets for ducts serving Type II hoods shall comply with Sections 401 7 and 4017.2. Such outlets shall be protected against local weather conditions and shall meet the provisions for exterior wall opening protectives in accordance with the building code. Sec. 507.3, page 35. Change to read as shown. (M70 -96) 507.3 Type I materials. Type I hoods shall be constructed of steel not less than 0.043 inch (1.09 mm) (No. 18 MSC) in thickness, or stainless steel not less than 0.037 inch (0 94 mm) (No. 20 MSC) in thickness. Sec. 507.3.1, 507.3.2 page 35. Delete and redesignate re- maining sections. (M70 -96) 507 4 - 602.2.1 Sec. 507.4, page 35. Add new section as follows (M70 -96) 507.4 Type II hood materials. Type 11 hoods shall be con- structed of steel not less than 0 030 inch (0 76 mm) (No. 22 gage) in thickness, stainless steel not less than 0.024 inch (0.61 mm) (No 24 gage) in thickness, copper sheets weighing not less than 24 ounces per square foot (7.3 kg /m2), or of other approved material and gage. Sec. 507.5, page 35. Change to read as shown (M55 -96) 507.5 Hood joints and seams, and penetrations. External hood joints and seams, and penetrations shall be made with a continuous external liquid -tight weld or braze to the lowest outermost perimeter of the hood. Internal hood joints, seams, penetrations, filter support frames, and other appendages at- tached inside the hood shall not be required to be welded or brazed but shall be otherwise sealed to be grease- tight. Exceptions: I Penetrations shall not be required to be welded or brazed where sealed by devices that are listed for the application 2. Internal welding or brazing of seams, joints, and pene- trations of the hood shall not be prohibited provided that the joint is formed smooth or ground so as to not trap grease, and is readily cleanable. 3 External hood joints and seams tested and listed in accordance with the requirements of UL 710 shall not be required to be welded or brazed. Sec. 507 7, page 35. Change to read as shown: (M63 -96) 507 7 Clearances for Type I hood. A Type 1 hood shall be installed with a clearance to combustibles of not less than 18 inches (457 mm). Sec. 507.9, page 35. Change to read as shown. (M72 -96) 507.9 Grease filters. Type I hoods shall be equipped with listed grease filters designed for the specific purpose. Grease- collect- ing equipment shall be accessible for cleaning. The lowest edge of a grease filter located above the cooking surface shall be not less than the height specified in Table 507.9 Table 507.9, page 35. Change to read as shown. (M72 -96) TABLE 507.9 MINIMUM DISTANCE BETWEEN THE LOWEST EDGE OF A GREASE FILTER AND THE COOKING SURFACE OR THE HEATING SURFACE For SI. 1 foot = 304.8 mm. 1997 SUPPLEMENT TO THE I.M.C. Sec. 507.9.2, page 35. Change to read as shown (M73 -96) 507.9.2 Mounting position. Filters shall be installed at an angle not less than 45 degrees (0 79 rad) from the horizontal and shall be equipped with a drip tray beneath the lower edge of the filters. Sec. 507 11, page 35. Change to read as shown and redes- ignate remaining sections: (M75 -96) 507 12 Noncanopy size and location. Noncanopy -type hoods shall be located a maximum of 3 feet (914 mm) above the cooking surface. The edge of the hood shall be set back a maximum of 1 foot (305 mm) from the edge of the cooking surface. Sec. 507 12, page 35. Change to read as shown. (M76 -96) 507 12 Capacity of hoods. Canopy -type commercial cook- ing hoods shall exhaust a minimum quantity of air (Q) determined in accordance with this section and Sections 507 12.1 through 507 12.4, for Type I and Type II hoods. where: A = the horizontal surface area of the hood, in square feet (m2). D = distance in feet (mm) between the lower lip of the hood and the cooking surface. P = that part of the perimeter of the hood that is open, in feet (mm). Q = quantity of air, in cubic feet per minute (L /s). CHAPTER 6 Sec. 602.2, page 41. Change to read as shown. (M84 -96) 602.2 Construction. Plenum enclosures shall be constructed of materials permitted for the type of construction classifica- tion of the building. Gypsum boards that form plenums shall be limited to return air systems where the air temperatures do not exceed 125 °F (52 °C.) and the building and mechanical system de- sign conditions are such that the gypsum board surface tem- perature will be maintained above the airstream dew -point temperature. Gypsum return air plenums shall not be incor- porated in air - handling systems utilizing evaporative coolers. Sec. 602.2.1, page 41 Change to read as shown (M86 -96) 602.2.1 Materials exposed within plenums. Except as re- quired by Sections 602.2.1 1 through 602.2.1.3, materials exposed within plenums shall be noncombustible or shall have a flame spread rating of not more than 25 and a smoke - developed rating of not more than 50 when tested in accord- ance with ASTM E 84 Exceptions: 1 Rigid or flexible ducts and connectors shall con- form to Section 603 2. Duct coverings, linings, tape and connectors shall conform to Sections 603 and 604 HEIGHT ABOVE COOKING SURFACE TYPE OF COOKING EQUIPMENT (feet) Without exposed flame 0.5 Exposed flame and burners 2 Exposed charcoal and 314 charbroil -type For SI. 1 foot = 304.8 mm. 1997 SUPPLEMENT TO THE I.M.C. Sec. 507.9.2, page 35. Change to read as shown (M73 -96) 507.9.2 Mounting position. Filters shall be installed at an angle not less than 45 degrees (0 79 rad) from the horizontal and shall be equipped with a drip tray beneath the lower edge of the filters. Sec. 507 11, page 35. Change to read as shown and redes- ignate remaining sections: (M75 -96) 507 12 Noncanopy size and location. Noncanopy -type hoods shall be located a maximum of 3 feet (914 mm) above the cooking surface. The edge of the hood shall be set back a maximum of 1 foot (305 mm) from the edge of the cooking surface. Sec. 507 12, page 35. Change to read as shown. (M76 -96) 507 12 Capacity of hoods. Canopy -type commercial cook- ing hoods shall exhaust a minimum quantity of air (Q) determined in accordance with this section and Sections 507 12.1 through 507 12.4, for Type I and Type II hoods. where: A = the horizontal surface area of the hood, in square feet (m2). D = distance in feet (mm) between the lower lip of the hood and the cooking surface. P = that part of the perimeter of the hood that is open, in feet (mm). Q = quantity of air, in cubic feet per minute (L /s). CHAPTER 6 Sec. 602.2, page 41. Change to read as shown. (M84 -96) 602.2 Construction. Plenum enclosures shall be constructed of materials permitted for the type of construction classifica- tion of the building. Gypsum boards that form plenums shall be limited to return air systems where the air temperatures do not exceed 125 °F (52 °C.) and the building and mechanical system de- sign conditions are such that the gypsum board surface tem- perature will be maintained above the airstream dew -point temperature. Gypsum return air plenums shall not be incor- porated in air - handling systems utilizing evaporative coolers. Sec. 602.2.1, page 41 Change to read as shown (M86 -96) 602.2.1 Materials exposed within plenums. Except as re- quired by Sections 602.2.1 1 through 602.2.1.3, materials exposed within plenums shall be noncombustible or shall have a flame spread rating of not more than 25 and a smoke - developed rating of not more than 50 when tested in accord- ance with ASTM E 84 Exceptions: 1 Rigid or flexible ducts and connectors shall con- form to Section 603 2. Duct coverings, linings, tape and connectors shall conform to Sections 603 and 604 El • 1997 SUPPLEMENT TO THE I.M.C. 3 This section shall not apply to materials exposed within plenums in one -and two- family dwellings. Sec. 602.2.1.1, 602.2.1.2, 602.2.1.3 page 41 Add new subsec- tions as follows: (M86 -96) 602.2.1 1 Wiring. Combustible electrical or electronic wiring methods and materials, optical fiber cable, and optical fiber raceway exposed within a plenum shall have a peak optical density not greater than 0.50, an average optical density not greater than 0 15, and a flame spread not greater than 5 feet (1524 mm) when tested in accordance with UL 910 Only type OFNP plenum -rated non - conductive optical fiber cable shall be installed in plenum -rated optical fiber raceways. Wiring, cable, and raceways addressed in this section shall be listed and labeled as plenum -rated and shall be installed in accordance with NFPA 70. 602.2.1.2 Fire sprinkler piping. Plastic fire sprinkler piping exposed within a plenum shall be used only in wet pipe systems and shall have a peak optical density not greater than 0.50, an average optical density not greater than 0 15, and aflame spread of not greater than 5 feet (1524 mm) when tested in accordance with UL 1887 Piping shall be listed and labeled. 602.2.1.3 Pneumatic tubing. Combustible pneumatic tubing exposed within a plenum shall have a peak optical density not greater than 0.50, an average optical density not greater than 0 15, and a flame spread of not greater than 5 feet (1524 mm) when tested in accordance with UL 1820 Combustible pneu- matic tubing shall be listed and labeled. Sec. 603.10, page 43. Change to read as shown. (M89 -96) 603.10 Penetrations prohibited. Flexible air ducts and flex- ible air connectors shall not pass through any fire- resistance- rated assembly Flexible air connectors shall not pass through any wall, floor or ceiling. Sec. 603.13, page 43. Change to read as shown. (M90 -96) 603.13 Joints and connections. All joints, longitudinal and transverse seams and connections shall be securely fastened and sealed with welds, gaskets, mastics (adhesives), mastic - plus- embedded - fabric systems or tapes. Tapes and mastics used with rigid fibrous glass ducts shall be listed and labeled in accordance with UL 181A. Tapes and mastics used with flex- ible air ducts and air connectors shall be listed and labeled. Duct connections to flanges of air distribution system equipment or sheet metal fittings shall be mechanically fastened. Sec. 604.7, pages 43 and 44. Change to read as shown. (M92 -96) 604.7 Identification. External duct insulation and factory-in- sulated flexible duct shall be legibly printed or identified at intervals not greater than 36 inches (914 mm) with the name of the manufacturer; the thermal resistance R -value at the speci- fied installed thickness, and the flame spread and smoke- devel- oped ratings of the composite materials. All duct insulation product R- values shall be based on insulation only, excluding air films, vapor retarders, or other duct components and shall be based on tested C- values at 757 (24 °C ) mean temperature 602.2.1 1 - 704.1 at the installed thickness, in accordance with recognized industry procedures. The installed thickness of duct insula- tion used to determine its R- values shall be determined as follows. I For duct board, duct liner and factory-made rigid ducts not normally subjected to compression, the nominal insulation thickness shall be used. 2. For duct wrap, installed thickness shall be assumed to be 75 percent (25 percent compression) of nominal thickness. 3 For factory-made flexible air ducts, the installed thick- ness shall be determined by dividing the difference between the actual outside diameter and nominal inside diameter by 2. Sec. 604.11, page 44. Change to read as shown (M93 -96, M94 -96) 604.11 Vapor retarders. Where ducts used for cooling are externally insulated, the insulation shall be covered with a vapor retarder having a maximum permeance of 0 05 perm [2.87 ng/(s m2 P a)] or aluminum foil having a minimum thickness of 2 mils (0.051 mm). Insulations having a per - meance of 0 05 perms [2.87 ng/(s m2 Pa)] or less shall not be required to be covered. All joints and seams shall be sealed to maintain the continuity'of the vapor retarder Sec. 604.12, page 44. Add new section as follows (M94- 96) 604.12 Weatherproof barriers. Insulated exterior ducts shall be protected with an approved weatherproof barrier Sec. 605.2, page 44. Add new section as follows and redesignate remaining sections: (M95 -96) 605.2 Approval. Media -type and electrostatic -type air filters shall be listed and labeled. Air filters utilized within dwelling units shall be designed for the intended application and shall not be required to be listed and labeled. CHAPTER 7 Sec. 703.2, page 48. Change to read as shown (M97 -96, M98 -96) 701.4 Prohibited sources. Openings and ducts shall not connect appliance enclosures with a space in which the operation of a fan will adversely affect the flow of combus- tion air Combustion air shall not be obtained from a hazard- ous location, except where the fuel -fired appliances are located within the hazardous location and are installed in accordance with this code. Combustion air shall not be taken from a refrigeration machinery room. Sec. 704.1, page 48. Change to read as shown (M99 -96) 704.1 All air from the outdoors for gas - fired appliances. This section shall be an alternative to the provisions of Section 703 and shall apply to gas -fired appliances only Where all combustion and dilution air for gas -fired appli- 704.1.2 - 803.3.12 ances is to be provided by outdoor air, the required combustion and dilution air shall be obtained by opening the room or enclosure to the outdoors. The openings connecting the room or enclosure to the outdoor air and the appliance installations shall comply with Sections 704 1 1 through 704 1.3 Sec. 704.1.2, page 48. Change to read as shown. (M100 -96) 704.1.2 Size and configuration of the opening. The opening shall directly connect to the outdoors or shall connect by means of a vertical or horizontal duct. The net free area of the opening calculated in accordance with Section 710 shall be a minimum of I square inch per 3,000 Btu/h (734 mm2/kW) of input rating of all gas-fired appliances drawing combustion and dilution air from the room or enclosure and not less than the combined cross - sectional flow areas of the appliance flue collars or draft hood outlets. The cross - sectional area of the duct shall be equal to or greater than the required size of the opening. Sec. 709.1, page 49 Change to read as shown (M101 -96) 709 1 General. Combustion air ducts shall. 1 Be of galvanized steel complying with Chapter 6 or of equivalent corrosion- resistant material approved for this application. Exception. Within dwellings units, unobstructed stud and joist spaces shall not be prohibited from convey- ing combustion air, provided that not more than one required fireblock is removed. 2. Have a minimum cross - sectional dimension of 3 inches (76 mm). 3 Terminate in an unobstructed space allowing free move- ment of combustion air to the appliances. 4 Have the same cross- sectional areas as the free area of the openings to which they connect. 5 Serve a single appliance enclosure. 6 Not serve both upper and lower combustion air openings where both such openings are used. The separation be- tween ducts serving upper and lower combustion air openings shall be maintained to the source of combustion air 7 Not be screened where terminating in an attic space. CHAPTER 8 Sec. 801 19, page 52. Delete and replace as follows: (MI02- 96) 801 19 Existing chimneys and vents. Where an appliance is permanently disconnected from an existing chimney or vent, or where an appliance is connected to an existing chimney or vent during the process of a new installation, the chimney or vent shall comply with Sections 801 19 1 through 801 19 4 Sec. 801 19 1,801 19.2, 801 19.3, 801 19.4, page 52. Add new subsections as follows: (M102 -96) 801 19.1 Size. The chimney or vent shall be resized as neces- sary to control flue gas condensation in the interior of the chimney or vent and to provide the appliance or appliances 1997 SUPPLEMENT TO THE I.M.C. served with the required draft. For Category I gas-fired appliances, the resizing shall be in accordance with Section 803 801 19.2 Flue passageways. The flue gas passageway shall be free of obstructions and combustible deposits and shall be cleaned if previously used for venting a solid or liquid fuel - burning appliance or fireplace. The flue liner, chimney inner wall or vent inner wall shall be continuous and shall be free of cracks, gaps, perforations or other damage or deterioration which would allow the escape of combustion products, in- cluding gases, moisture and creosote. 801.19.3 Cleanout. Masonry chimneys shall be provided with a cleanout opening complying with Section 801 14 801 19.4 Clearances. Chimneys and vents shall have air- space clearance to combustibles in accordance with the build- ing code and the chimney or vent manufacturer's installation instructions. Exception. Masonry chimneys equipped with a chimney lining system tested and listed for installation in chimneys in contact with combustibles in accordance with UL 1777, and installed in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions, shall not be required to have clearance be- tween combustible materials and exterior surfaces of the masonry chimney Noncombustible fireblocking shall be provided in accordance with the building code. Sec. 802.1, page 52. Change to read as shown. (M104 -96) 802.1 General. All vent systems shall be listed and labeled. Type B and BW vents shall be tested in accordance with UL 441 Type L vents and pellet vents shall be tested in accord- ance with UL 641 Plastic'vents for Category IV gas-fired appliances shall not be required to be listed and labeled where such vents are as specified by the appliance manufacturer and are installed in accordance with the appliance manufacturer's installation instructions. Sec. 802.9, page 53. Add new section as follows: (M105- 96) 802.9 Insulation shield. Where vents pass through insulated assemblies, an insulation shield constructed of not less than 26 gage sheet metal shall be installed between the vent and the insulation material to provide the minimum clearance required by the vent manufacturer's installation instructions. Where vents pass through attic space, the shield shall termi- nate not less than 2 inches (51 mm) above the insulation materials and shall be secured in place to prevent displace- ment. Insulation shields provided as part of a listed vent system shall be installed in accordance with the manufactur- er's installation instructions. Sec. 803.3.12, page 70. Change to read as shown (M106- 96) 803.3.12 Common vent offsets. Where used in multistory systems, vertical common vents shall not have offsets. A single offset having an angle not greaterthan 45 degrees from the vertical shall not be prohibited for multistory common �11 V .iA 1997 SUPPLEMENT TO THE I.M.C. vent systems utilizing Type B vent provided that the segment of such multistory common vent .containing the offset is in compliance with Section 803.3 4 and portions of such multis- tory common vent above the offset are not smaller than the size required for the segment containing the offset (see also Section 801.20). Sec. 803.3.17, page 70. Change to read as shown (M107 -96) 803.3.17 Connector maximum size. Connectors shall not be increased in size more than two sizes greater than the appliance - categorized vent diameter, flue collar diameter or draft hood outlet diameter. Sec. 803.3.18, page 70. Add new section as follows: (M107- 96) 803.3.18 Connector minimum size. Connectors shall not be smaller than the appliance categorized vent diameter, flue collar diameter or draft hood outlet diameter The limitation on mini- mum size shall not apply to a connector serving a fan - assisted appliance which is common vented with one or more appli- ances equipped with a draft hood, provided that the connector size complies with Section 803.2.2. Sec. 804.9, page 71 Change to read as shown. (M108 -96) 804.9 Chimney connector construction. Chimney connectors for low -heat appliances shall be of sheet steel pipe having resistance to corrosion and heat not less than that of galvanized steel specified in Table 804.9(1). Connectors for medium -heat appliances and high -heat appliances shall be of sheet steel not less than the thickness specified in Table 804.9(2). Sec. 804.10.2, page 71. Change to read as shown. (M109 -96) 804.10.2 Length. Except as provided for in Section 803.2, the maximum horizontal length of a single wall connector shall be 75 percent of the height of the chimney or vent. Except as provided for in Section 803.2, the maximum horizontal length of a Type B double wall connector shall be 100 percent of the height of the chimney or vent. For a chimney or vent system serving multiple appliances, the maximum length of an indi- vidual connector, from the appliance outlet to the junction with the common vent or another connector, shall be 100 percent of the height of the chimney or vent. Sec. 805. 1, page 72. Delete and replace as follows: (M110 -96) 805.1 Direct -vent terminations. Vent terminals for direct -vent appliances shall be located in accordance with Sections 805 1 1 through 805 1.3 The bottom of the vent terminal and air intake shall be located not less than 12 inches (305 mm) above grade. Sec. 805.1 1, 805.1.2, 805.1.3, page 72. Add new subsections as follows. (M110 -96) 805.1 1 Input of 10,000 Btu /h or less. The vent terminal of a direct -vent appliance having an input of 10,000 Btu/h (2931 W) or less shall be located not less than 6 inches (153 mm) from any opening through which flue gases could enter a building. 803.3.17 - 915.2 805.1.2 Input greater than 10,000 Btu /h and not greater Ahan,50,000 Btu /h. The vent.terminal of direct-vent.apph- Rance with an input of greater than 10,000 Btu/h (2931 W) and not greater than 50,000 Btu/h (14 655 W) shall be located not less than 9 inches (229 mm) from any opening through which flue gases could enter a building. 805.1.3 Input greater than 50,000 Btu /h. The vent terminal . of a direct -vent appliance with an input greater than 50,000 Btu/h (14 655 W) shal I be located not less than 12 inches (305 mm) from any opening through which flue gases could enter a building. CHAPTER 9 Sec. 905.1, page 75. Change to read as shown (M112 -96) 905.1 General. Fireplace stoves and solid - fuel -type room heaters shall be listed and labeled and shall be installed in accordance with the conditions of the listing. Fireplace stoves shall be tested in accordance with UL 737 Solid- fuel -type room heaters shall be tested in accordance with UL 1482. Fireplace inserts intended for installation in fireplaces shall be listed and labeled in accordance with the requirements of UL 1482 and shall be installed in accordance with the manu- facturer's installation instructions. Sec. 912.1, 913.1, page 76. Change to read as shown (M115 -96) 912.1 General. Vented wall furnaces shall be installed in accordance with their listing and the manufacturer's installa- tion instructions. Gas -fired furnaces shall be tested in accord- ance with ANSI Z21 49 Oil -fired furnaces shall be tested in accordance with UL 730 913.1 General. Floor furnaces shall be installed in accord- ance with their listing and the manufacturer's installation instructions. Gas -fired floor furnaces shall be tested in ac- cordance with ANSI Z21 48. Oil -fired furnaces shall be tested in accordance with UL 729 Sec. 915.1, page 77 Change to read as shown (M116 -96) 915.1 General. Direct gas -fired make -up air heaters shall be listed and labeled. Direct gas -fired industrial air heaters shall comply with ANSI Z83 18, and direct oilfired heaters shall comply with UL 733 Direct -fired air - heating equipment shall be installed in accordance with its listing and the manu- facturer's installation instructions. Sec. 915.2, page 77 Change to read as shown (M117 -96) 915.2 Location. Direct -fired makeup air heaters and direct - fired industrial air heaters shall not be installed in residential occupancies. Direct -fired air - heating equipment shall not serve sleeping rooms. Direct -fired heaters shall not recircu- late room air across the burner in hazardous locations or where exposed to substances that are made toxic by exposure to flames. 915.8 - 923.5 Sec. 915.3, page 77 Change to read as shown: (M118 -96) 915.3 Relief openings. The installation of a direct -fired heater shall include means that will allow the heater to operate at its rated airflow Relief openings, power exhaust systems, exfil- tration rates of structures served or combination thereof shall be utilized as such means. Motorized dampers and exhaust systems provided for this purpose shall be interlocked with the direct gas -fired equipment to prevent operation of the equip- ment when the dampers are closed or the exhaust system is inoperative. Sec. 915.6, page 77 Delete and redesignate remaining sec- tions. (M119 -96) Sec. 915.8, page 77 Delete and redesignate remaining sec- tions. (M116 -96) Sec. 915.9, page 79 Delete and redesignate remaining sec- tions. (M119 -96) Sec. 915.10, page 77 Change to read as shown: (M120 -96) 915.10 Ventilation air. Where direct gas -fired industrial air heaters are utilized in any space, such space shall be provided with outdoor ventilation air at a rate of not less than 4 cfm (0 0019 m' /s) for each 1,000 Btu/h (0.293 kW) of rated input of the heater Where a separate means is used to supply venti- lation air, the ventilation air supply system and all motorized dampers shall be interlocked with the heater to prevent heater operation when the dampers are closed or the outdoor supply system is inoperative. Sec. 918.1, page 78. Change to read as shown: (M121 -96) 918.1 General. Illuminating appliances shall be listed, labeled and installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions. Sec. 922.1, page 78. Change to read as shown: (M123 -96) 922.1 Cooking appliances. Cooking appliances that are de- signed for permanent installation, including ranges, ovens, stoves, broilers, grills, fryers, griddles and barbecues, shall be listed, labeled and installed in accordance with the manufac- turer's installation instructions. Gas -fired cooking appliances shall be tested in accordance with ANSI Z21 1, ANSI Z21.58, ANSI Z83 11, ANSI Z83 12, ANSI Z83 13, ANSI Z83 14 or ANSI Z83 15 Oil- burning stoves shall be tested in accordance with UL 896. Sec. 923.1, page 79. Change to read as shown. (M124 -96) 923.1 Forced -air furnaces. The minimum unobstructed total area of the outside and return air ducts or openings to a forced -air wann -air furnace shall be not less than 2 square inches per 1,000 Btu/h (4403.8 mm2/kW) output rating capacity of the furnace. The total area of the outside and return air ducts or openings is not required to be larger than the minimum indicated by the conditions of listing of the furnace. The mini- mum unobstructed total area of supply ducts from a forced -air warm -air furnace shall be not less than 2 square inches for each 1,000 Btu/h (4 4 mm2 /W) output rating capacity of the furnace. 10 1987 SUPPLEMENT TO THE I.M.C. The total area of the supply air ducts or openings is not required to be larger than the minimum indicated by the conditions of listing of the furnace. Forced -air furnaces shall be installed in accordance with the listings and the manufac- turer's installation instructions. Gas -fined furnaces shall be tested in accordance with ANSI Z2147 or UL 795 Oil -fired furnaces shall be tested in accordance with UL 727 Electric furnaces shall be tested in accordance with UL 1096 or UL 1995 Solid fuel furnaces shall be tested in accordance with UL 391 Sec. 923.2, page 79. Change to read as shown: (M125 -96) 923.2 Heat pumps. The minimum unobstructed total area of the outside and return air ducts or openings to a heat pump shall be not less than 6 square inches per 1,000 Btu/h (13 208.3 mm2/kW) output rating or as indicated by the condi- tions of listing of the heat pump. Electric heat pumps shal I be tested in accordance with UL 559 or UL 1995 Sec. 923.5, page 79. Change to read as shown: (M126 -96, M127 -96) 923.5 Prohibited sources. Outside or return air for a forced - air heating system shall not be taken from the following locations: 1 Closer than 10 feet (3048 mm) from an appliance vent outlet, a vent opening from a plumbing drainage sys- tem or the discharge outlet of an exhaust fan, unless the outlet is 3 feet (914 mm) above the outside air inlet. 2. Where there is the presence of objectionable odors, fumes or flammable vapors; or where located less than 10 feet (3048 mm) above the surface of any abutting public way or driveway; or where located at grade level by a sidewalk, street, alley or driveway 3 A hazardous or insanitary location or a refrigeration machinery room as defined in this code. 4 A room or space, the volume of which is less than 25 percent of the entire volume served by such system. Where connected by a permanent opening having an area sized in accordance with Sections 923 1 and 923.2, adjoining rooms or spaces shall be considered as a single room or space for the purpose of determin- ing the volume of such rooms or spaces. Exception: The minimum volume requirement shall not apply where the amount of return air taken from a room or space is less than or equal to the amount of supply air delivered to such room or space. A room or space containing a fuel- burning appliance where such room or space serves as the sole source of return air. Exception. This shall not apply where: 1 The fuel- burning appliance is a direct -vent appliance or an appliance not requiring a vent in accordance with Section 801 12. 2. The room or space complies with the follow- ing requirements. 2.1 The return air shall be taken from a room or space having a volume ex- w E�-1 U 1997 SUPPLEMENT TO THE I.M.C. ceeding I cubic foot for each 10 Btu/h (9.6 L/W) of.combined input rating of all fuel- burning appliances therein. 2.2. The volume of supply air discharged back into the same space shall be ap- proximately equal to the volume of re- turn air taken from the space. 2.3 Return -air inlets shall not be located within 10 feet (3048 mm) of any appli- ance firebox or draft hood in the same room or space. 3 Rooms or spaces containing solid -fuel burning appliances, provided that return -air inlets are located not less than 10 feet (3048 mm) from the fire box of such appliances. 6. A closet, bathroom, toilet room, kitchen, garage, me- chanical room, boiler room or furnace room. Sec. 926. 1, page'80. Add new section as follows: (M130 -96) 926.1 General. Unvented gas -fired room heaters shall be listed and labeled and shall be installed in accordance with the con- ditions of the listing and the manufacturer's installation instruc- tions. Sec. 926.1, page 80. Change to read as shown (M130 -96) 926.2 Prohibited use. An unvented room heater shall not be used as the sole source of comfort heating in a dwelling unit. Sec. 926.6, page '80. Delete section without substitution. (M133-96) Sec. 927 1, page 80. Change to read as shown (M132 -96) 927 1 General. Vented gas -fired room heaters shall be listed and labeled and shall be installed in accordance with the con- ditions of the listing and the manufacturer's instructions. Such appliances shall be tested in accordance with ANSI Z21 11 1 Sec. 928.1, page 80. Add new section as follows: (M131 -96, M133 -96) 928.1 General. Kerosene and oil -fired stoves shall be listed and labeled and shall be installed in accordance with the conditions of.the listing and the manufacturer's installation instructions. Kerosene and oil -fired stoves shall comply with NFPA 31 Oil -fired stoves shall be tested in accordance with UL 896 Sec. 928, 928.1, 928.1 1, page 80. Add new sections as fol- lows. (M134 -96) SECTION 928 SMALL CERAMIC KILNS 928.1 General. The provisions of this section shall apply to kilns that are used for ceramics, have a maximum interior volume of 20 cubic feet (0.566 m') and are used for hobby and noncommercial purposes. 926.1 - 1006.7.3 928.1 1 Installation. Kilns shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions and.the;pro- visions of this code. CHAPTER 10 Sec. 1002.2.2, page 81 Add new subsection as follows. (M135-96) 1002.2.2 Scald protection. Where a combination potable water - heating and space- heating system requires water for space- heating at temperatures higher than 140 °F (60 °C ), a means such as a mixing valve shall be provided to temper the water supplied to the potable hot water distribution system. Sec. 1004.1, page 81 Change to read as shown (M136-96) 1004.1 Standards. Boilers and their control systems shall be designed and constructed in accordance with the require- ments of one or more of the following standards: ANSI Z21 13, ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Sections I, I1, IV,V, and IX, ASME CS13-1, NFPA 8501, NFPA 8502, NFPA 8504, UL 726, UL 795 or UL 834 Sec. 1004.7, page 82. Change to read as shown (M137 -96) 1004.7 Operating adjustments and instructions. Hot water and steam boilers shall have all operating and safety controls set, and operationally tested by the installing contractor A complete control diagram and boiler operating instructions shall be furnished by the installer for each installation. Sec. 1005.1, page 82. Change to read as shown (M138-96) 1005.1 Valves. Every boiler or modular boiler shall have a shutoff valve in the supply and return piping. For multiple boiler or multiple modular boiler installations, each boiler or modular boiler shall have individual shutoff valves in the supply and return piping. Exception Shutoff valves are not required in a system having a single low- pressure steam boiler Sec. 1006.7, page 82. Change to read as shown (M139-96) 1006.7 Boiler safety devices. Boilers shall be equipped with controls and limit devices as required by the manufacturer's installation instructions and the conditions of the listing. Table 1006.7, page 83. Delete without substitution. (M139-96) Sec. 1006.7 1, page 82. Delete and redesignate the remain- ing sections. (M139 -96) Sec. 1006.7.2, page 82. Delete and redesignate the remain- ing sections. (M139 -96) Sec. 1006.7.3, page 82. Delete and redesignate the remain- ing sections. (M139 -96) 11 1006.7.4 - 1102.2.2.3 Sec. 1006.7.4, page 82. Delete and redesignate the remaining sections. (M139 -96) Sec. 1006.7.5, page 84. Delete and redesignate the remaining sections. (M139 -96) i Sec. 1006.7.6, page 84. Delete and redesignate the remaining sections. (M139 -96) Sec. 1006.7 7, page 84. Delete and redesignate the remaining sections. (M139 -96) Sec. 1006.7.8, page 84. Delete and redesignate the remaining sections. (M139 -96) Sec: 1006.7.9, page 84. Delete and redesignate the remaining sections. (M139 -96) Sec. 1006.7 10, page 84. Change to read as shown. (M143- 96) 1006.7 10 Electrical requirements. The power supply to the electrical control system shall be from a two -wire branch circuit that has a grounded conductor, or form an isolation transformer with a two -wire secondary Where an isolation transformer is provided, one conductor of the secondary winding shall be grounded. Control voltage shall not exceed 150 volts nominal, line to line. Control and limit devices shall interrupt the un- grounded side of the circuit. A readily accessible means of manually disconnecting the control circuit shall be provided and controls shall be arranged so that when deenergized, the burner shall be inoperative. Such disconnecting means shall be capable of being locked in the off position. CHAPTER 11 Sec, 1101.2, page 87 Change to read as shown. (M144 -96) 1101.2 Factory -built equipment. Listed and labeled self -con- tained, factory-built equipment shall be tested in accordance with UL 207, 303, 412, 465, 471 or 1995 Such equipment is deemed to meet the design, manufacture, and factory test requirements of this code if installed in accordance with its listing and the manufacturer's installation instructions. Sec. 1102.1, page 87 Change to read as shown. (M147 -96) 1102.1 General: The system classification, allowable refriger- ants, the maximum quantity, enclosure requirements, location limitations, and field pressure test requirements, shall be deter- mined as follows: 1 Determine the refrigeration system's classification, in accordance with Section 1103.2. 2. Determine the refrigerant classification in accordance with Section 1103 1 3 Determine the maximum allowable quantity of refriger- ant in accordance with Section 1104, based on type of refrigerant, system classification, and occupancy 4 Determine the system enclosure requirements in accord- ance with Section 1104 12 1997 SUPPLEMENT TO THE I.M.C. 5 Refrigeration equipment location and installation shall be subject to the'limitation ofChapter 3 6. Nonfactory- tested, field- erected equipment shall be pressure tested in accordance with Section 1108. Sec. 1102.2, page 87 Change to read as shown. (M145 -96) 1102.2 Refrigerants. The refrigerant shall be of a type for which the equipment was designed to utilize or converted to utilize. Refrigerants not identified in Table 1104 1 shall be approved before use, except for lithium bromide absorption systems using water as the refrigerant. Sec. 1102.2.1, 1102.2.2, page 87 Add new subsections as follows. (M145 -96) 1102.2.1 Mixing. Refrigerants, including refrigerant blends, with different designations in ASHRAE 34 shall not be mixed in a system. Exception. Addition of a second refrigerant is allowed where permitted by the quipment manufacturer to im- prove oil return at low temperatures. The refrigerant and amount added shall be in accordance with the manufac- turer's instructions. 1102.2.2 Purity. Refrigerants used in refrigeration systems shall be new, recovered or reclaimed refrigerants in accord- ance with Sections 1102.2.2.1, 1102.2.2.2 or 1102.2.2.3 Where required by the equipment owner or code official, the installer shall furnish a signed declaration that the refrigerant used meets the requirements of Sections 1102.2.2 1, 1102.2.2.2, or 1102.2.2.3 Exception The refrigerant used shall meet the purity specifications set by the manufacturer of the equipment in which such refrigerant is used where such specifications are different from that in Section 1102.2.2.1, 1102.2.2.2, or 1102.2.2.3 Sec. 1102.2.1, 1102.2.2, 1102.2.3, page 87 Change to read as shown (M145 -96) 1102.2.2.1 New refrigerants. Refrigerants shall be of a purity level specified by the equipment manufacturer 1102.2.2.2 Recovered refrigerants. Refrigerants that are recovered from refrigeration and air - conditioning systems shall not be reused in other than the system from which they were recovered and in other systems of the same owner Recovered refrigerants shall be filtered and dried before reuse. Recovered refrigerants that show clear signs of con- tamination shall not be reused unless reclaimed in accordance with Section 1102.2.2.3 1102.2.2.3 Reclaimed refrigerants. Used refrigerants shall not be reused in a different owner's equipment unless tested and found to meet the purity requirements of ARI 700 Contaminated refrigerants shall not be used unless reclaimed and found to meet the purity requirements of ARI 700 U 146 C t� f1 1997 SUPPLEMENT TO THE I.M.C. Sec. 1103, 1103.1, 1103.2, 1103.3, 1104, 1104.1, Table 1104.1, 1104.2.1 pages 87 and 88. Change to read as shown: (M147 -%) SECTION 1103 CLASSIFICATIONS 1103.1 Refrigerant classification. Refrigerants shall be clas- sified in accordance with ASHRAE 34 as listed in Table 1103 1 1103.2 Occupancy classification. Locations of refrigerating systems are described by occupancy classifications that con- sider the ability of people to respond to potential exposure to refrigerant. Where equipment, other than piping, is located outside a building and within 20 feet (6096 mm) ofany building opening, such equipment shall be governed by the occupancy classification of the building. Occupancy classifications shall be defined as follows. 1 Institutional occupancy is that portion of premises from which, because they are disabled, debilitated or confined, occupants cannot readily leave without the assistance of others. Institutional occupancies include, among others, hospitals, nursing homes, asylums and spaces containing locked cells. 2. Public assembly occupancy is that portion of premises where large numbers of people congregate and from which occupants cannot quickly vacate the space. Public assembly occupancies include, among others, auditori- ums, ballrooms, classrooms, passenger depots, restau- rants and theaters. 3 Residential occupancy is that portion of premises that provides the occupants with complete independent living facilities, including permanent provisions for living, sleeping, eating, cooking and sanitation. Residential oc- cupancies include, among others, dormitories, hotels, multi -unit apartments and private residences. 4 Commercial occupancy is that portion of premises where people transact business, receive personal service or pur- chase food and other goods. Commercial occupancies include, among others, office and professional buildings, markets (but not large mercantile occupancies) and work or storage areas that do not qualify as industrial occupan- cies. 5 Large mercantile occupancy is that portion of premises where more than 100 persons congregate on levels above or below street level to purchase personal merchandise. 6. Industrial occupancy is that portion of premises that is not open to the public, where access by authorized per- sons is controlled, and that is used to manufacture, proc- ess or store goods such as chemicals, food, ice, meat or petroleum. Mixed occupancy occurs when two or more occupancies are located within the same building. When each occu- pancy is isolated from the rest of the building by tight walls, floors and ceilings and by self - closing doors, the requirements for each occupancy shall apply to its por- tion of the building. When the various occupancies are not so isolated, the occupancy having the most stringent requirements shall be the governing occupancy 1103 - 1104.2 1103.3 System classification. Refrigeration systems shall be classified according to the degree of ;probability that refrig- erant leaked from a failed connection, seal, or component could enter an occupied area. The distinction is based on the basic design or location of the components. 1103.3.1 Low - probability systems. Double - indirect open - spray systems, indirect closed systems and indirect - vented closed systems shall be classified as low - probability systems, provided that all refrigerant - containing piping and fittings are isolated when the quantities in Table 1103 1 are exceeded. 1103.3.2 High - probability systems. Direct systems and in- direct open -spray systems shall be classified as high -prob- ability systems. Exception An indirect open -spray system shall not be required to be classified as a high - probability system if the pressure of the secondary coolant is at all times (operating and standby) greater than the pressure of the refrigerant. SECTION 1104 SYSTEM APPLICATION REQUIREMENTS Sec. 1104.1, page 87 Add new section as follows. (M147- 96) 1104.1 General. The refrigerant, occupancy and system clas- sification cited in this section shall be determined in accord- ance with Sections 1103 1, 1103.2 and 1103.3, respectively For refrigerant blends assigned dual classifications, as for- mulated and for the worst -case of fractionation, the classifi- cations for the worst -case of fractionation shall be used. Sec. 1104.2, page 89 Delete and replace as follows: (M147 -96) 1104.2 Machinery room. Except as provided in Sections 1104.2.1 and 1104.2.2, all components containing the refrig- erant shall be located either outdoors or in a machinery room where the quantity of refrigeration in an independent circuit of a system exceeds the amounts shown in Table 1103 1 For refrigerant blends not listed in Table 1103 1, the same re- quirement shall apply when the amount for any blend com- ponent exceeds that indicated in Table 1103 1 for that component. This requirement shall also apply when the com- bined amount of the blend components exceeds a limit of 69,100 ppm by volume. Machinery rooms required by this section shall be constructed and maintained in accordance with Section 1105 for Group Al and B1 refrigerants and in accordance with Section 1105 and 1106 for Group A2, B2, A3 and B3 refrigerants. Exceptions: 1 Machinery rooms are not required for listed equip- ment containing not more than 6.6 pounds (3 kg) of refrigerant, regardless of its safety classification, where installed in accordance with its listing and the manufacturer's installation instructions. 2• Piping in conformance with Section 1107 is allowed in other locations to connect components installed in a machinery room with those installed outdoors. 13 Table 1103.1 - 1104.2.2 1997 SUPPLEMENT TO THE I.M.C. TABLE 1103.1 REFRIGERANT CLASSIFICATION, AMOUNT °c'` AND TLV -TWA For SI 1 pound = 0.454 kg, 1 cubic foot = 0.0283 m' To correct for height, H (feet), above sea level, multiply these values by (I - 2.42 x 10-6H). To correct for height, h (km), above sea level, multiply these values by (1 -7.94 x 10 -2h). Do not adjust ppm for altitude. Table 1104.2(1), page 90. Delete without substitution. rooms are not required where all of the following conditions (M147 -96) are met. Sec. 1104.2.1, 1104.2.2, 1104.3, 1104.3.1, 1104.3.2, 1104.3.3, 1104.14, page 89. Add new sections as follows: (M147 -96) 1104.2.1 Institutional occupancies. The amounts shown in Table 1103 1 shall be reduced by 50 percent for all areas of institutional occupancies except kitchens, laboratories, and mortuaries. The total of all Group A2, 132, A3 and B3 refriger- ants shall not exceed 550 pounds (250 kg) in occupied areas or machinery rooms. 1104.2.2 Industrial occupancies and refrigerated rooms. This section applies only to industrial occupancies and refrig- erated rooms for manufacturing, food and beverage prepara- tion, meat cutting, other processes, and storage. Machinery 14 1 The space containing the machinery is separated from other occupancies by tight construction with tight - fitting doors. 2. Access is restricted to authorized personnel. 3 The floor area per occupant is not less than 100 square feet (9.3 m2) where machinery is located on floor levels with exits more than 6.6 feet (2 m) above the ground. Where provided with egress directly to the outdoors or into approved building exits, the minimum floor area shall not apply 4 Refrigerant detectors are installed as required for machinery rooms in accordance with Section 1105.5 1� C AMOUNT OF REFRIGERANT PER REFRIGERANT DESCRIPTION OCCUPIED SPACE TLV TWA Refrigerant Lb per Classification Name or Blend Chemical Formula 1,000 fth ppm g/ms' PPM Group Al R -11 Trichlorofluoromethane CC13F 1.6 4,000 250 C1,000 R -12 Dichlorodifluoromethane CC12F2 CCIF3 12 -18 40,000 67,000 200 290 1,000 1,000 R -13 Chlorotrifluoromethane CBrF3 22 57,000 350 1,000 R -13B1 Bromotrifluoromethane CF4 15 67,000 240 1,000 R -14 Tetrafluoromethane (Carbon Tetrafluoride) CHCIF2 94 42,000 150 1,000 R -22 Chlorodifluoromethane CC12FCCIF2 1.9 4,000 31 1,000 R -113 1,1,2 - trichloro -1, 2, 2- trifluoroethane RCCIF2CCIF2 94 21,000 150 1,000 R -114 1,2- dichloro- 1, 1, 2, 2- tetrafluoroethane CCIF2CF3 27 67,000 430 1,000 R -115 Chloropentafluoroethane CH2FCF3 16 60,000 250 1,000 R -134a 1,1,1,2- Tetrafluoroethane -CF2- CF2 - CF2 -CF2- 35 67,000 550 1,000 R -C318 Octafluorocyclobutane CCL2F2 /CCI2FCCIF See Section See Section See Section R -400 R- 12/114 1104.2 1104.2 1104.2 1,000 R -500 R- 12/152a(73.8/26.2) CC12F2 /CH3CHF2 CHCIF2 /CC IF2CF3 12 19 47,000 65,000 200 300 1,000 1,000 R -502 R- 22/115(48.8/51.2) CHF3 /CCIF3 15 67,000 240 1,000 R -503 R- 23/13(40.1/59.9) CO2 5 7 50,000 91 5,000 R -744 Carbon Dioxide Group A2 R -142b 1- chloro -1, 1- Difluoroethane CH3CCIF2 3 7 14,000 60 1,000 R -152a 1, 1- Difluoroethane CH3CHF2 1.2 7,000 20 1,000 Group A39 R -170 Ethane CH3CH3 0.50 6,400 8.0 1,000 R -290 Propane CH3CH2CH3 0.50 4,400 8.0 1,000 R -600 Butane CH3CH2CH2CH3 0.51 3,400 8.2 800 R -600a 2- Methyl propane (Isobutane) CH(CH3)2 -CH3 0.51 3,400 8.2 800 R -1150 Ethene (Ethylene) CH2 =CH2 0.38 5,200 6.0 1,000 R -1270 Propene (Propylene) CH3CH =CH2 037 3,400 5.0 1,000 Group BI R -123 2,2- Dichloro -1, 1, 1- Trifluorethane CHC12CF3 04 1,000 6.3 30 R -764 Sulfur Dioxide S02 0.016 100 0.26 2 Group B2 R -40 Chloromethane (methyl chloride) CH3Cl 1.3 10,000 21.0 C50 R -611 Methyl Formate HCOOCH3 078 5,000 12.0 100 R -717 Ammonia NH3 0.022 500 0.35 25 Group B39 - - - - - - For SI 1 pound = 0.454 kg, 1 cubic foot = 0.0283 m' To correct for height, H (feet), above sea level, multiply these values by (I - 2.42 x 10-6H). To correct for height, h (km), above sea level, multiply these values by (1 -7.94 x 10 -2h). Do not adjust ppm for altitude. Table 1104.2(1), page 90. Delete without substitution. rooms are not required where all of the following conditions (M147 -96) are met. Sec. 1104.2.1, 1104.2.2, 1104.3, 1104.3.1, 1104.3.2, 1104.3.3, 1104.14, page 89. Add new sections as follows: (M147 -96) 1104.2.1 Institutional occupancies. The amounts shown in Table 1103 1 shall be reduced by 50 percent for all areas of institutional occupancies except kitchens, laboratories, and mortuaries. The total of all Group A2, 132, A3 and B3 refriger- ants shall not exceed 550 pounds (250 kg) in occupied areas or machinery rooms. 1104.2.2 Industrial occupancies and refrigerated rooms. This section applies only to industrial occupancies and refrig- erated rooms for manufacturing, food and beverage prepara- tion, meat cutting, other processes, and storage. Machinery 14 1 The space containing the machinery is separated from other occupancies by tight construction with tight - fitting doors. 2. Access is restricted to authorized personnel. 3 The floor area per occupant is not less than 100 square feet (9.3 m2) where machinery is located on floor levels with exits more than 6.6 feet (2 m) above the ground. Where provided with egress directly to the outdoors or into approved building exits, the minimum floor area shall not apply 4 Refrigerant detectors are installed as required for machinery rooms in accordance with Section 1105.5 1� C L 1997 SUPPLEMENT TO THE I.M.C. 5 Surfaces having temperatures exceeding 800 °F (426.7 °C.) and open flames are not present where any Group A2, B2, A3 or B3 refrigerant is used. (See Section 1104.3 4 ) .6 All electrical equipment conforms to Class 1, Division 2, of NFPA 70 where the quantity of any Group A2, 132, A3, or B3 refrigerant in a single independent circuit would exceed 25 percent of the lower flamma- bility limit upon release to the space. 7 All refrigerant- containing parts in systems exceeding 100 HP (74.6 kW) drive power, except evaporators used for refrigeration or dehumidification, condensers used for heating, control and pressure - relief valves for either, and connecting piping, shall be located either outdoors or in a machinery room. 1104.3 Refrigerant restrictions. Refrigerant applications, maximum quantities and use shall be restricted in accordance with Sections 1104.3 1 through 1104.3 4 1104.3.1 Air- conditioning for human comfort. In other than industrial occupancies where the quantity in a single inde- pendent circuit does not exceed the amount in Table 1103 1, Group B1, B2 and B3 refrigerants shall not be used in high - probability systems for air - conditioning for human comfort. 1104.3.2 Nonindustrial occupancies. Group A2 and B2 refrig- erants shall not be used in high - probability systems where the quantity of refrigerant in any independent refrigerant circuit exceeds the amount shown in Table 1104.3.2. Group A3 and 133 refrigerants shall not be used except where approved. Exception This section does not apply to laboratories where the floor area per occupant is not less than 100 square feet (9.3 ml). 1104.3.3 All occupancies. The total of all Group A2, 132, A3, and 133 refrigerants other than R -717, ammonia, shall not exceed 1,100 pounds (500 kg) except where approved. 1104.3.4 Protection from refrigerant decomposition. Where any device having an open flame or surface temperature greater than 800 °F (426 °C ) is used in a room containing more than 6.6 pounds (3 kg) or refrigerant in a single independent circuit, a hood and exhaust system shall be provided in accordance with Section 511 Such exhaust system shall exhaust combustion products to the outdoors. Exception A hood and exhaust system shall not be re- quired. Where the refrigerant is R -717, R -718, or R -744, Where the combustion air is ducted from the out- doors in a manner that prevents leaked refrigerant from being combusted; or Where a refrigerant detector is used to stop the combustion in the event of a refrigerant leak. (See Sections 1105.5 and 1105 7 ) 1104.3 - 1108.2 Table 1104.2(2), Sec. 1104.3, 1104.3.1, 1104.3.2, 1104.3.3, 1105.1,,page 89. Change to read as shown. (M147 -96) TABLE 1104.3.2 MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE QUANTITIES OF REFRIGERANTS (Remainder of Table unchanged) 1104.4 Volume calculations. Volume calculations shall be in accordance with Sections 1104 4 1 through 1104 4.3 1104.4.1 Unventilated spaces. Where the refrigerant-con - taining parts of a system are located in one or more unventi- lated spaces, the volume of the smallest, enclosed occupied space, other than a machinery room, shall be used to deter- mine the permissible quantity of refrigerant in the system Where a building consists of several stories of unpartitioned space, such as a mezzanine or an atrium, the story having the smallest occupied space shall be deemed to be the enclosed space. . 1104.4.2 Ventilated spaces. Where an evaporator or con- denser is located in an air duct system, the volume of the smallest occupied space or unpartitioned building story, served by the duct shall be used to determine the maximum allowable quantity of refrigerant in the system. Exception If airflow to any enclosed space cannot be reduced below one - quarter of its maximum, the entire space served by the air duct system shall be used to determine the maximum allowable quantity of refrigerant in the system. 1104.4.3 Plenums. Where the space above a suspended ceiling is continuous and part of the supply or return air plenum system, this space shall be included in calculating the volume of the enclosed space. 1105.1 Access. Access to machinery rooms shall be restricted to authorized personnel. Sec. 1108.2, page 93. Change to read as shown. (M145 -96) 1108.2 Test gases. Tests shall be performed with an inert dried gas including, but not limited to, nitrogen, or carbon dioxide. Oxygen, air, or combustible gases, and mixtures containing such gases, shall not be used. Exception Use of air is allowed to test R -717, ammonia, systems provided that they are subsequently evacuated before charging with refrigerant. 15 Table 1202.5 - 1306.4 CHAPTER 12 Table 1202.5, page 95. Change to read as shown (M149 -96) TABLE 1202.5 HYDRONIC PIPE FITTINGS MATERIAL STANDARD (see Chapter 16) Bronze ASME B 16.24 ASME B16.15, ASME B16.18, Copper and Copper Alloys ASME B16.22; ASME B16.23, ASME B 16.26; ASME B 16.29 Gray iron ASTM A 126 Malleable iron ASME B 16.3 ASTM D 2466; ASTM D 2467; Plastic ASTM D 2468, ASTM F 438; ASTM F 439; ASTM F 877 ASME B 16.5, ASME B 16.9; Steel ASME B 16.11, ASME B 16.28, ASTM A 420 Sec. 1203.15, page 96. Add new section as follows: (M150 -96) 1203.15 Grooved and shouldered joints. Grooved and shoul- dered joints shall be approved and installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions. Sec. 1204.1, page 96. Change to read as shown. (M152 -96) 1204.1 Insulation characteristics. Pipe insulation installed in buildings shall conform to the requirements of the energy code, shall be tested in accordance with ASTM E 84 and shall have a maximum flame spread rating of 25 and a smoke - developed rating not exceeding 450 Insulation installed in an air plenum shall comply with Section 602.2.1 Exception. This section shall not apply to one- and two - family dwellings. Sec. 1206.11, page 97 Add new section as follows: (M154- 96) 1206.11 Condensation. Provisions shall be made to prevent the formation of condensation on the exterior of piping. CHAPTER 13 Sec. 1306.1, page 111 Delete and replace as follows: (M159- 96) 1306.1 Scope. Where building service regulator has been set to deliver gas at 2 psi (13.8 kPa) pressure, gas piping systems shall comply with this section in addition to the other requirements of this chapter Sec. 1306.2, page 111 Delete and redesignate the remaining sections. (M159 -96) Sec. 1306.3, page 111. Change to read as shown: (M161 -96) 1306.3 Required size for 2 -psi piping. The size of gas piping for 2 -psi (13.8 kPa) gas pressure from the point of delivery to 16 1997 SUPPLEMENT TO THE I.M.C. the medium pressure (MP) regulator shall be determined in accordance with the following procedure using Fable 1306.3(1) for tubing, using Table 1306.3(2) for pipe or using Table 1306.3(3) for corrugated stainless steel tubing: 1 Measure the length of piping from the point where the building piping begins to the most remote MP regula- tor 2. In the first vertical column in the appropriate table, select the horizontal row showing that distance or the next longer distance where the table does not give the exact length. 3 Use this horizontal row to locate all gas demand figures for this particular system of gas piping. 4 Starting at the most remote MP regulator, find in the horizontal row just selected, the gas demand for that regulator. Where the text figure of demand is not shown, choose the next larger figure to the right in the same row 5 Above this demand figure, in the top horizontal row in the appropriate table, will be found the nominal size of piping required. 6. For each succeeding section of pipe, determine the total gas demand supplied by such section, and then proceed in the manner outlined above to determine the size of each section of piping. Table 1306.3(3), page 111 Add new table as shown on following page: (M161 -96) Sec. 1306.4, page 111. Change to read as shown. (M162- 96) 1306.4 Piping size from regulator. The size of piping be- tween each MP regulator and the appliance or appliance regulator, shall be determined in accordance with the follow- ing procedure using Table 1306.4(1) for piping materials other than corrugated stainless steel tubing or using Table 1306 4(2) for corrugated stainless steel tubing: I Measure the length of piping from the MP regulator to the most remote outlet served by such regulator 2. In the first vertical column in the appropriate table, select the horizontal row showing that distance or the next longer distance if the table does not give the exact length. 3 Use this horizontal row to locate all gas demand figures for each section of gas piping served by the MP regu- lator 4 Starting at the most remote outlet served by the MP regulator, find in the horizontal row just selected the gas demand for that outlet. If the exact figure of de- mand is not shown, choose the next larger figure to the right in the same row 5 Above this demand figure, in the top horizontal row in the appropriate table, will be found the size of tubing required. 40 6. For each succeeding section of tubing downstream of the MP regulator, determine the total gas demand sup- plied by each section and then proceed in the manner r� u 0 1997 SUPPLEMENT TO THE I.M.C. Table 1303.3(3) - 1306.5 TABLE 1306.3(3) -b, SIZE OF CSST MAXIMUM CAPACITY OF CSST IN CUBIC FEET OF GAS PER HOUR Based on a Pressure Drop of 1 psi and 0.60 Specific Gravity Gas EQUIVALENT HYDRAULIC DIAMETER FLOW DESIGNATION TUBING LENGTH (feet) 10 25 30 40 50 75 80 100 150 200 250 300 400 500 13 270 166 151 129 115 93 89 79 64 55 49 44 38 34 15 353 220 200 172 154 124 120 107 87 75 67 61 52 46 18 587 374 342 297 266 218 211 189 155 135 121 110 96 86 19 700 444 405 351 314 257 249 222 182 157 141 129 111 100 23 1,098 709 650 567 510 420 407 366 302 263 236 217 189 170 25 1,372 876 801 696 624 512 496 445 364 317 284 260 225 202 30 2,592 1,620 1,475 1,273 1,135 922 892 795 646 557 497 453 390 348 31 2,986 1,869 1,703 1,470 1,311 1,066 1,031 920 1 748 645 576 525 453 404 For SI. 1 ft.3/hr. = 0.007866 L /s, 1 inch = 25 4 mm, 1 foot= 304.8 mm. a Table does not include effect of pressure drop across the line regulator. Do not use this table if regulator loss exceeds 3/4 psi (based on 7 -inch water column outlet pressure). b Where capacities shown in table exceed maximum capacity for a selected pressure regulator, the system shall be designed in an approved manner in accordance with the pressure regulator and tubing manufacturers' instructions. Table includes losses for four 90- degree bends and two end fittings. Tubing runs with larger number of bends and/or fittings shall be increased by an equivalent length of tubing according to the following equation: L = 1.31V where L is additional length of tubing in feet and N is the number of additional fittings and/or bends. TABLE 1306.4(2) SIZING OF CSST MAXIMUM CAPACITY OF CSST IN CUBIC FEET OF GAS PER HOUR' Based on a Pressure Drop of 1 inch Water Column and 0.60 Specific Gravity Gas EQUIVALENT HYDRAULIC DIAMETER FLOW DESIGNATION TUBING LENGTH (feet) 5 10 15 20 25 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 150 200 250 300 13 67 46 37 32 28 26 22 19 18 16 15 14 13 11 9 8 7 15 90 63 51 44 39 36 31 27 25 23 21 20 19 15 13 12 10 18 161 115 94 82 73 67 58 52 47 44 41 39 37 30 26 23 21 19 189 134 109 95 85 77 67 60 55 51 47 45 42 34 30 27 24 23 313 1 225 185 161 145 133 116 104 95 89 83 79 75 61 54 48 44 25 379 270 221 192 172 157 137 122 112 104 97 92 87 71 62 55 51 30 673 471 383 330 294 268 231 1 206 188 173 1 162 152 144 117 101 90 82 31 778 546 1 444 383 342 311 269 1 240 218 202 1 188 177 168 136 118 105 96 For SI. 1 ft.3/hr = 0.007866 L /s, 1 inch = 25 4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm Table includes losses for four 90- degree bends and two end fittings. Tubing runs with larger number of bends and/or fittings shall be increased by an equivalent length of tubing according to the following equation: L = 13N where L is additional length of tubing in feet and N is the number of additional fittings and/or bends. outlined above to determine the size of each section of tubing. 7 Utilizing the foregoing procedure, determine the size of tubing downstream of each MP regulator Table 1306.4(2), page 112. Add new table as shown above: (M162 -96) Sec. 1306.5, page 112. Change to read as shown. (M164- 95) 1306.5 Sizing requirements for special conditions. For conditions other than those set forth in Sections 1306.3 and 1306 4 or those covered by Tables 1306.3(1), 1306.3(2) and 1306 4, such as longer runs or larger sizes of piping; greater gas demands, application of a diversity factor when piping multiple- family dwellings, pressures other than 2 psi (13.8 17 REFERENCED STANDARDS kPa).or lower than 4 inches of water column pressure (995 Pa); or specific gravity other than 0.55 to 0 75, the size of piping required shall be calculated in an approved manner The maxi- mum design operating pressure for piping systems located inside buildings shall be 5 psi (34.5 kPa). Exception. The maximum design operating pressure shall not be limited to 5 psi (34.5 kPa) where the piping system conforms to one or more of the following conditions: 1 The piping system is located within industrial proc- essing or heating structures. CHAPTER 16 1997 SUPPLEMENT TO THE I.M.C. 2. The piping system is located within research struc- tures. 3 The piping system is located within structures that exclusively contain boilers or mechanical equip- ment. 4 The piping system is welded steel pipe. 5 The piping is a temporary installation for structures under construction. Chapter 16, pages 123 -128. Change the following referenced standards to read as shown. i Z21.58 -95 Outdoor Cooking Gas Appliances. Z83 11 -95 Gas Food Service Equipment —Ranges and Unit Broilers Z83 18-90 Direct Gas -Fired Industrial Air Heaters —with .1991 & 1992 Addenda 19 922.1 American National Standards Institute 922.1 Standard 915.8 Referenced 11 West 42nd Street New York, , NY 10017 ANSI number Title New York, NY 10036 1213-95 Standard Table 1402.3 Referenced reference Table 1402.3 in code number Title section number Z21.5 1 -95 Gas Clothes Dryers — Volume I —Type I Clothes Dryers. 917 1 Z21.5.2 -95 Gas Clothes Dryers — Volume II —Type 2 Clothes Dryers —with 1990 & 1992 Addenda 917 1 Z21.56 -94 Gas -Fired Pool Heaters —with 1993 & 1994 Addendum 921 1 Z21.58 -95 Outdoor Cooking Gas Appliances. Z83 11 -95 Gas Food Service Equipment —Ranges and Unit Broilers Z83 18-90 Direct Gas -Fired Industrial Air Heaters —with .1991 & 1992 Addenda 19 922.1 American Petroleum Institute 1220 L Street, NW Washington, DC 20005 922.1 Standard 915.8 Referenced (Note: ANSI Z83 12 -94, ANSI Z83 13 -94, ANSI Z83 14 -94 AND ANSI Z83 15 -94 are replaced by ANSI Z83 11 -95) API American Petroleum Institute 1220 L Street, NW Washington, DC 20005 Standard East 47th Street Referenced reference New York, , NY 10017 in code number Title section number 1213-95 Specification for Bolted Tanks for Storage of Production Liquids Table 1402.3 650-93 Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage —with 1994 & 1995 Addenda Table 1402.3 18 American Society of Mechanical Engineers ASME East 47th Street New York, , NY 10017 Standard Referenced reference in code number Title section number B 16.1 -89 Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings 130771 B16.5 -88 Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings —with 1992 Addendum and 1988 Errata. Table 1202.5, 1307 7 1 B 16.22 -95 Wrought Copper and Copper Alloy Solder Joint Pressure Fittings Table 1202.5 B 16.24 -92 Cast Copper Alloy Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings: Class 150, 300,400, 600, 900, 1500 and 2500 —with 1991 Errata Table 1202.5 B16.33-90 Manually Operated Metallic Gas Valves for Use in Gas Piping Systems up to 125 psig (Sizes 1/2 through 2) 1305.3 ASME -95 Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code, (Divisions 1 & 2)--with 1995 Addendum 1004 1, 1011 1 18 J 1997 SUPPLEMENT TO THE I.M.C. REFERENCED STANDARDS A S TM American Society for Testing and Materials 1916 Race Street Philadelphia, PA 19103 -11$7 Standard Referenced reference in code number Title section number A 53 -96 Specification for Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot - Dipped, Zinc - Coated Welded and F 439 -96 Seamless. Table 1202.4, Table 1303.2, Table 1402.4 A 126-95 Specification fotGray Iron Castings for Valves, Flanges, and Pipe Fittings Table 1202.5 A 420-96 Specification for Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and F 442 -96 Alloy Steel for Low - Temperature Service Table 1202.5 A 539-95 Specification for Electric- Resistance- Welded Coiled Steel Tubing for Gas and Fuel Oil Lines Table 1303.2, Table 1402.4 B 42 -96 Specification for Seamless Copper Pipe, Standard Sizes 1107 4.2, Table 1202.4, Table 1303.2, Table 1402.4 B 43 -96 Specification for Seamless Red Brass Pipe, Standard Sizes 1107 4.2, Table 1202.4, Table 1303.2, Table 1402.4 B 135-96 B 241 -96 B 280 -95a C 411 -92 D 56-96 D 1527 -96 D 1785 -96 D 2235 -96 D 2241 -96a D 2282 -96 D 2420 -91 D 2466 -96 D 2467 -96a D 2468 -96 Specification for Seamless Brass Tube Table 1202.4, Table 1402.4 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum -Alloy Seamless Pipe and Seamless Extruded Tube Table 1303.2 Specification for Seamless Copper Tube for Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Field Service 1107 4.3, Table 1303.2, Table 1402.4 Test Method for Hot - Surface Performance of High- Temperature Thermal Insulation 604.3 Test Method for Flash Point by Tag Closed Tester Specification for Acrylonitrile- Butadiene - Styrene (ABS) Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40 and 80. Specification for Poly (Vinyl Chloride)(PVC) Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40, 80 and 120 Specification for Solvent Cement for Acrylonitrile- Butadiene- Styrene (ABS) Plastic Pipe and Fittings Specification for Poly (Vinyl Chloride)(PVC) Pressure -Rated Pipe (SDR- Series) Specification for Acrylonitrile- Butadiene- Styrene (ABS) Plastic Pipe (SDR -PR) Test for Hydrogen Sulfide in Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases (Lead Acetate Method) Specification for Poly (Vinyl Chloride)(PVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 40 Specification for Socket -Type Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 80 Specification.for Acry Ion itrile- Butadiene - Styrene (ABS) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 40 202 Table 1202.4 Table 1202.4 1203.34 Table 1202.4 Table 1202.4 1303.5 Table 1202.5 Table 1202.5 Table 1202.5 D 2513 -96 Specification for Thermoplastic Gas Pressure Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings Table 1303.2, 1303 17.3 D 2564 -96 Specification for Solvent Cements for Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe and Fittings. 1203.34 D 2846 -96 Specification for Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Hot and Cold Water Distribution Systems Table 1202.4, 1203.3 4 D 3278 -96 Test Methods for Flash Point of Liquids by Setaflash- Closed -Cup Apparatus 202 D 3309 -96 Specification for Polybutylene (PB) Plastic Hot Water Distribution Systems Table 1202.4, 1203 10 1 E 84-95b Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials 202, 510.8, 602.2.1, 604.3, 1204 1 F 438 -96 Specification for Socket Type Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 40 Table 1202.5 F 439 -96 Specification for Socket Type Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 80 Table 1202.5 F 441 -96a Specification for Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40 and 80 Table 1202.4 F 442 -96 Specification for Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe (SDR -PR) Table 1202.4 F 493 -96 Specification for Solvent Cements for Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe and Fittings 1203.34 F 876 -96a Specification for Crossl inked Polyethylene (PEX) Tubing Table 1202.4 F 877 -96 Specification for Crosslinked Polyethylene (PEX) Plastic Hot and Cold -Water Distribution Systems Table 1202.4, Table 1202.5 19 REFERENCED STANDARDS 1997 SUPPLEMENT TO THE I.M.C. Chapter 16, pages 123 -128. Delete referenced standard FS WW- P- 325B -76. 20 North American Insulation Manufacturers Association Suite 310 NAIMA 44 Canal Center Plaza Alexandria, VA 22314 Al t, Standard Referenced reference in code number Title section number AH116 -93 Fibrous Glass Duct Construction Standards 6034 Underwriters Laboratories Inc. 333 Pfingsten Road UL Northbrook, IL 60062 -2096 Standard Referenced reference in code number Title section number 80-80 Steel Inside Tanks for Oil -Burner Fuel —with Revisions thru April 1993 Table 1402.3 103 -95 Chimneys, Factory- Built, Residential Type and Building Heating Appliance —with Revisions thru February 1996 806.2 127 -96 Factory-Built Fireplaces 806.2, 903 1 144 -94 Pressure Regulating Valves for LP -Gas —with Revisions thru January 1996 1307.2 181 -96 Factory-made Air Ducts and Connectors 512.2, 603 4, 603.5, 603.6 300-96 Fire Testing of Fire Extinguishing Systems for Protection of Restaurant Cooking Areas 509.2 441 -96 Gas Vents 802.1 443 -95 Steel Auxiliary Tanks for Oil -Burner Fuel Table 1402.3 5555 -93 Leakage Rated Dampers for Use in Smoke Control Systems —with Revisions thru April 1995 607.2 559 -85 Heat Pumps —with Revisions thru September 1993 923.2 641 -95 Low- Temperature Venting Systems, Type L 802.1 710-95 Exhaust Hoods for Commercial Cooking Equipment. 5071 1 1, 507 1 1.2 726-95 Oil -Fired Boiler Assemblies 921 1,10041 737 -96 Fireplace Stoves 905 1,806.2 910-95 Test for Flame- Propagation and Smoke - Density Values for Electrical and Optical -Fiber Cables used in Space Transporting Environmental Air —with Revisions thru May 1995 602.2.1 959 -95 Medium Heat Appliance Factory Built Chimneys 806.4 1316 -94 Glass- Fiber- Reinforced Plastic Underground Storage Tanks for Petroleum Products, Alcohols, and Alcohol - Gasoline Mixtures —with Revisions thru April 1996 Table 1402.3 1482 -96 Room Heaters, Solid -Fuel Type 905 1 1777 -96 Chimney Liners 801 171 1820 -94 Fire Test of Pneumatic Tubing for Flame and Smoke Characteristics 602.2.1 1887 -89 Fire Tests of Plastic Sprinkler Pipe for Flame and Smoke Characteristics —with Revisions thru March 1993 602.2.1 1995 -95 Heating and Cooling Equipment 914 1,923 1, 1101.2 Chapter 16, pages 123 -128. Delete referenced standard FS WW- P- 325B -76. 20 City of Fort Worth, Texas 4vagor And cou"Cit commu"icatio" DATE REFERENCE NUMBER LOG NAME PAGE 7/14/97 G -12267 06CODE 1 of 2 SUBJECT ORDINANCE ADOPTING THE 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE AND THE 1997 SUPPLEMENT TO THE INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE It is recommended that the City Council approve the attached ordinance adopting the 1996 International Mechanical Code and the 1997 Supplement to the International Mechanical Code as the Mechanical Code of the City of Fort Worth Attached is a proposed ordinance to adopt the 1996 edition of the International Mechanical Code and the 1997 Supplement to the International Mechanical Code for the City of Fort Worth In following the process that started with the Electrical Code, City staff worked with industry representatives, through the North Central Texas Council of Governments (COG) code process, in an effort to establish a complete set of codes to be recommended for use throughout the metroplex. The recommendation from COG was to depart from the model code currently used and adopt the new International Code that has been developed as part of a set of codes for nationwide use The International Mechanical Code was noted at the COG meetings as being a qualified code that recognizes new products and installation methods. This code is designed to work as a sister code to the International Plumbing Code, which has been noted as allowing for a possible reduction in construction cost due to its recognition of newer methods and materials. The following provides an explanation for those items that might generate questions. Switching to the International Mechanical Code in lieu of renewing the adoption of the current model code —As already noted, this code is to be part of a code set that is being created by what formerly were competing organizations that have joined together in an effort to create a national model code This effort is in response to years of requests by the industry to simplify the construction regulation and design process. This code is also noted for its recognition of newer mechanical products and installation methods 2. Increase in permit fees--4 small increase, approximately 10 %, in permit fees is being proposed Fees have not been increased in this trade since the mid- 1970's. These fees may not represent full cost recovery of the services provided As presented in the adoption of the Electrical Code, staff is proposing to do a total review of all fees charged for Building, Electrical, Mechanical, Plumbing and Sign permits. This review is expected to occur in 1998 3 Adjustment of registration renewal dates -4 provision is being inserted to adjust the renewal dates on registration Currently, all of the Electrical, Mechanical and Plumbing licenses /registrations must be renewed on January 1 of each year There are thousands of renewals This provision would allow renewals to be spread throughout the year City of Fort Worth, Texas 4volgor And Council communication DATE REFERENCE NUMBER LOG NAME PAGE 7/14/97 G -12267 06CODE 2 of 2 SUBJECT ORDINANCE ADOPTING THE 1996 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE AND THE 1997 SUPPLEMENT TO THE INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 4 Technical differences between codes —As for the technical portions, staff believes that the minor differences between the codes are negligible and non - controversial Most contractors would be able to continue to install mechanical equipment as they always have Throughout the review of the proposed ordinance, the Mechanical Board considered the basic code and local amendments to insure that: 1 the requirements are necessary to provide a minimum level of safety, and 2. the most economical way to achieve the minimum level of safety was reached, and 3 consideration was given to optimize the desire of the City Council to encourage development and construction A public hearing was held by the Board on December 9, 1997 The Board voted to approve the recommendation of staff to adopt the International Mechanical Code and Supplement. MGJ Submitted for City Manager's FUND Office by: (to) Mike Groomer 6140 Ann Kovich 8901 1 (from) Ann Kovich 8901 ACCOUNT I CENTER I AMOUNT I CITY SECRETARY APPROVED CITY COUNCIL JUL 14 10 Y"0 City Secretary of the City of Fort Worth, Texas AdoRte -, wiwflw_40